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ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES and PASSERINE DIET: EFFECTS of SHRUB EXPANSION in WESTERN ALASKA by Molly Tankersley Mcdermott, B.A./B.S
Arthropod communities and passerine diet: effects of shrub expansion in Western Alaska Item Type Thesis Authors McDermott, Molly Tankersley Download date 26/09/2021 06:13:39 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/7893 ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES AND PASSERINE DIET: EFFECTS OF SHRUB EXPANSION IN WESTERN ALASKA By Molly Tankersley McDermott, B.A./B.S. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks August 2017 APPROVED: Pat Doak, Committee Chair Greg Breed, Committee Member Colleen Handel, Committee Member Christa Mulder, Committee Member Kris Hundertmark, Chair Department o f Biology and Wildlife Paul Layer, Dean College o f Natural Science and Mathematics Michael Castellini, Dean of the Graduate School ABSTRACT Across the Arctic, taller woody shrubs, particularly willow (Salix spp.), birch (Betula spp.), and alder (Alnus spp.), have been expanding rapidly onto tundra. Changes in vegetation structure can alter the physical habitat structure, thermal environment, and food available to arthropods, which play an important role in the structure and functioning of Arctic ecosystems. Not only do they provide key ecosystem services such as pollination and nutrient cycling, they are an essential food source for migratory birds. In this study I examined the relationships between the abundance, diversity, and community composition of arthropods and the height and cover of several shrub species across a tundra-shrub gradient in northwestern Alaska. To characterize nestling diet of common passerines that occupy this gradient, I used next-generation sequencing of fecal matter. Willow cover was strongly and consistently associated with abundance and biomass of arthropods and significant shifts in arthropod community composition and diversity. -
The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. -
Macroinvertebrate Communities and Habitat Characteristics in the Northern and Southern Colorado Plateau Networks Pilot Protocol Implementation
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Macroinvertebrate Communities and Habitat Characteristics in the Northern and Southern Colorado Plateau Networks Pilot Protocol Implementation Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2010/320 ON THE COVER Clockwise from bottom left: Coyote Gulch, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area (USGS/Anne Brasher); Intermittent stream (USGS/Anne Brasher); Coyote Gulch, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area (USGS/Anne Brasher); Caddisfl y larvae of the genus Neophylax (USGS/Steve Fend); Adult damselfi les (USGS/Terry Short). Macroinvertebrate Communities and Habitat Characteristics in the Northern and Southern Colorado Plateau Networks Pilot Protocol Implementation Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR—2010/320 Authors Anne M. D. Brasher Christine M. Albano Rebecca N. Close Quinn H. Cannon Matthew P. Miller U.S. Geological Survey Utah Water Science Center 121 West 200 South Moab, Utah 84532 Editing and Design Alice Wondrak Biel Northern Colorado Plateau Network National Park Service P.O. Box 848 Moab, UT 84532 May 2010 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Program Center publishes a range of reports that ad- dress natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Ser- vice and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Technical Report Series is used to disseminate results of scientifi c studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. -
Wq-Rule4-12Kk L.7
L.7. Calculation of Minnesota Macroinvertebrate IBIs- Draft January 26, 2017 Introduction The Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) is one of the primary tools used by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) to determine if streams are meeting their aquatic life use goals. Calculation of an IBI involves the synthesis of macroinvertebrate community information into a numerical expression of stream health. In order to apply the MPCA Macroinvertebrate IBI (MIBI) to a macroinvertebrate dataset, it is essential that all data is collected using MPCA field and laboratory protocols (MPCA 2004, MPCA 2015). This document details the process for calculating the Minnesota MIBIs from raw macroinvertebrate samples. Summary of MIBI development To account for natural differences in macroinvertebrates communities in Minnesota, streams are assigned to different stream types. These stream types use different MIBI models and biocriteria to determine the condition of the macroinvertebrate assemblage and their attainment or nonattainment of the aqutic life beneficial use. The MPCA stratified Minnesota streams into nine macroinvertebrate stream types based on the expected natural composition of stream macroinvertebrates (Table 1). Stream type is differentiated by drainage area, geographic region, thermal regime, and gradient. These stream types are used to determine thresholds (i.e., biocriteria) that interpret the calculated MIBI as meeting or exceeding the aquatic life use goal. MIBIs were developed from five individual invertebrate stream groups, with large rivers, wadable high gradient and wabable low gradient stream types each being combined for the purposes of metric testing and evaluation. A complete description of the development of MIBIs can be found in MPCA (2014). -
CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research
CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research No. 25 ISSN 0172-1941 (printed) 1891-5426 (online) November 2012 CONTENTS Editorial: Inventories - What are they good for? 3 Dr. William P. Coffman: Celebrating 50 years of research on Chironomidae 4 Dear Sepp! 9 Dr. Marta Margreiter-Kownacka 14 Current Research Sharma, S. et al. Chironomidae (Diptera) in the Himalayan Lakes - A study of sub- fossil assemblages in the sediments of two high altitude lakes from Nepal 15 Krosch, M. et al. Non-destructive DNA extraction from Chironomidae, including fragile pupal exuviae, extends analysable collections and enhances vouchering 22 Martin, J. Kiefferulus barbitarsis (Kieffer, 1911) and Kiefferulus tainanus (Kieffer, 1912) are distinct species 28 Short Communications An easy to make and simple designed rearing apparatus for Chironomidae 33 Some proposed emendations to larval morphology terminology 35 Chironomids in Quaternary permafrost deposits in the Siberian Arctic 39 New books, resources and announcements 43 Finnish Chironomidae 47 Chironomini indet. (Paratendipes?) from La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. Photo by Carlos de la Rosa. CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research Editors Torbjørn EKREM, Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway Peter H. LANGTON, 16, Irish Society Court, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, Northern Ireland BT52 1GX The CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research is devoted to all aspects of chironomid research and aims to be an updated news bulletin for the Chironomidae research community. The newsletter is published yearly in October/November, is open access, and can be downloaded free from this website: http:// www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/chironomus. Publisher is the Museum of Natural History and Archaeology at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, Norway. -
Chironominae 8.1
CHIRONOMINAE 8.1 SUBFAMILY CHIRONOMINAE 8 DIAGNOSIS: Antennae 4-8 segmented, rarely reduced. Labrum with S I simple, palmate or plumose; S II simple, apically fringed or plumose; S III simple; S IV normal or sometimes on pedicel. Labral lamellae usually well developed, but reduced or absent in some taxa. Mentum usually with 8-16 well sclerotized teeth; sometimes central teeth or entire mentum pale or poorly sclerotized; rarely teeth fewer than 8 or modified as seta-like projections. Ventromental plates well developed and usually striate, but striae reduced or vestigial in some taxa; beard absent. Prementum without dense brushes of setae. Body usually with anterior and posterior parapods and procerci well developed; setal fringe not present, but sometimes with bifurcate pectinate setae. Penultimate segment sometimes with 1-2 pairs of ventral tubules; antepenultimate segment sometimes with lateral tubules. Anal tubules usually present, reduced in brackish water and marine taxa. NOTESTES: Usually the most abundant subfamily (in terms of individuals and taxa) found on the Coastal Plain of the Southeast. Found in fresh, brackish and salt water (at least one truly marine genus). Most larvae build silken tubes in or on substrate; some mine in plants, dead wood or sediments; some are free- living; some build transportable cases. Many larvae feed by spinning silk catch-nets, allowing them to fill with detritus, etc., and then ingesting the net; some taxa are grazers; some are predacious. Larvae of several taxa (especially Chironomus) have haemoglobin that gives them a red color and the ability to live in low oxygen conditions. With only one exception (Skutzia), at the generic level the larvae of all described (as adults) southeastern Chironominae are known. -
The Nestling Diet of Svalbard Snow Buntings Identified by DNA Metabarcoding
Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology The nestling diet of Svalbard snow buntings identified by DNA metabarcoding — Christian Stolz BIO-3950 Master thesis in Biology, Northern Populations and Ecosystems, May 2019 Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology The nestling diet of Svalbard snow buntings identified by DNA metabarcoding Christian Stolz, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway and The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), Longyearbyen, Norway BIO-3950 Master Thesis in Biology, Northern Populations and Ecosystems, May 2018 Supervisors: Frode Fossøy, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Trondheim, Norway Øystein Varpe, The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), Longyearbyen, Norway Rolf Anker Ims, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway i Abstract Tundra arthropods have considerable ecological importance as a food source for several bird species that are reproducing in the Arctic. The actual arthropod taxa comprising the chick diet are however rarely known, complicating assessments of ecological interactions. In this study, I identified the nestling diet of Svalbard snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis) for the first time. Faecal samples of snow bunting chicks were collected in Adventdalen, Svalbard in the breeding season 2018 and analysed via DNA metabarcoding. Simultaneously, the availability of prey arthropods was measured via pitfall trapping. The occurrence of 32 identified prey taxa in the nestling diet changed according to varying abundances and emergence patterns within the tun- dra arthropod community: Snow buntings provisioned their offspring mainly with the most abundant prey items which were in the early season different Chironomidae (Diptera) taxa and Scathophaga furcata (Diptera: Scathophagidae), followed by Spilogona dorsata (Diptera: Mus- cidae). -
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016
Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016 April 1981 Revised, May 1982 2nd revision, April 1983 3rd revision, December 1999 4th revision, May 2011 Prepared for U.S. Department of Commerce Ohio Department of Natural Resources National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Division of Wildlife Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. G Estuarine Reserves Division Columbus, Ohio 1305 East West Highway 43229-6693 Silver Spring, MD 20910 This management plan has been developed in accordance with NOAA regulations, including all provisions for public involvement. It is consistent with the congressional intent of Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, and the provisions of the Ohio Coastal Management Program. OWC NERR Management Plan, 2011 - 2016 Acknowledgements This management plan was prepared by the staff and Advisory Council of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve (OWC NERR), in collaboration with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources-Division of Wildlife. Participants in the planning process included: Manager, Frank Lopez; Research Coordinator, Dr. David Klarer; Coastal Training Program Coordinator, Heather Elmer; Education Coordinator, Ann Keefe; Education Specialist Phoebe Van Zoest; and Office Assistant, Gloria Pasterak. Other Reserve staff including Dick Boyer and Marje Bernhardt contributed their expertise to numerous planning meetings. The Reserve is grateful for the input and recommendations provided by members of the Old Woman Creek NERR Advisory Council. The Reserve is appreciative of the review, guidance, and council of Division of Wildlife Executive Administrator Dave Scott and the mapping expertise of Keith Lott and the late Steve Barry. -
Some Aspects of Ecology and Genetics of Chironomidae (Diptera) in Rice Field and the Effect of Selected Herbicides on Its Population
SOME ASPECTS OF ECOLOGY AND GENETICS OF CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA) IN RICE FIELD AND THE EFFECT OF SELECTED HERBICIDES ON ITS POPULATION By SALMAN ABDO ALI AL-SHAMI Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master August 2006 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, Allah will help me to finish this study. My sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Associate Professor Dr. Che Salmah Md. Rawi and my co- supervisor Associate Professor Dr. Siti Azizah Mohd. Nor for their support, encouragement, guidance, suggestions and patience in providing invaluable ideas. To them, I express my heartfelt thanks. I would like to thank Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia, for giving me the opportunity and providing me with all the necessary facilities that made my study possible. Special thanks to Ms. Madiziatul, Ms. Ruzainah, Ms. Emi, Ms. Kamila, Mr. Adnan, Ms. Yeap Beng-keok and Ms. Manorenjitha for their valuable help. I am also grateful to our entomology laboratory assistants Mr. Hadzri, Ms. Khatjah and Mr. Shahabuddin for their help in sampling and laboratory work. All the staff of Electronic Microscopy Unit, drivers Mr. Kalimuthu, Mr. Nurdin for their invaluable helps. I would like to thank all the staff of School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, who has helped me in one way or another either directly or indirectly in contributing to the smooth progress of my research activities throughout my study. My genuine thanks also go to the specialists, Prof. Saether, Prof Anderson, Dr. Mendes (Bergen University, Norway) and Prof. Xinhua Wang (Nankai University, China) for kindly identifying and verifying Chironomidae larvae and adult specimens. -
Biological Monitoring of Surface Waters in New York State, 2019
NYSDEC SOP #208-19 Title: Stream Biomonitoring Rev: 1.2 Date: 03/29/19 Page 1 of 188 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Water Standard Operating Procedure: Biological Monitoring of Surface Waters in New York State March 2019 Note: Division of Water (DOW) SOP revisions from year 2016 forward will only capture the current year parties involved with drafting/revising/approving the SOP on the cover page. The dated signatures of those parties will be captured here as well. The historical log of all SOP updates and revisions (past & present) will immediately follow the cover page. NYSDEC SOP 208-19 Stream Biomonitoring Rev. 1.2 Date: 03/29/2019 Page 3 of 188 SOP #208 Update Log 1 Prepared/ Revision Revised by Approved by Number Date Summary of Changes DOW Staff Rose Ann Garry 7/25/2007 Alexander J. Smith Rose Ann Garry 11/25/2009 Alexander J. Smith Jason Fagel 1.0 3/29/2012 Alexander J. Smith Jason Fagel 2.0 4/18/2014 • Definition of a reference site clarified (Sect. 8.2.3) • WAVE results added as a factor Alexander J. Smith Jason Fagel 3.0 4/1/2016 in site selection (Sect. 8.2.2 & 8.2.6) • HMA details added (Sect. 8.10) • Nonsubstantive changes 2 • Disinfection procedures (Sect. 8) • Headwater (Sect. 9.4.1 & 10.2.7) assessment methods added • Benthic multiplate method added (Sect, 9.4.3) Brian Duffy Rose Ann Garry 1.0 5/01/2018 • Lake (Sect. 9.4.5 & Sect. 10.) assessment methods added • Detail on biological impairment sampling (Sect. -
(Insecta: Diptera) Assemblages Along an Andean Altitudinal Gradient
Vol. 20: 169–184, 2014 AQUATIC BIOLOGY Published online April 9 doi: 10.3354/ab00554 Aquat Biol Chironomid (Insecta: Diptera) assemblages along an Andean altitudinal gradient Erica E. Scheibler1,*, Sergio A. Roig-Juñent1, M. Cristina Claps2 1IADIZA, CCT CONICET Mendoza. Avda. Ruiz Leal s/n. Parque Gral. San Martín, CC 507, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina 2ILPLA, CCT CONICET La Plata, Boulevard 120 y 62 1900 La Plata, Argentina ABSTRACT: Chironomidae are an abundant, diverse and ecologically important group common in mountain streams worldwide, but their patterns of distribution have been poorly described for the Andes region in western-central Argentina. Here we examine chironomid assemblages along an altitudinal gradient in the Mendoza River basin to study how spatial and seasonal variations affect the abundance patterns of genera across a gradient of elevation, assess the effects of envi- ronmental variables on the chironomid community and to describe its diversity using rarefaction and Shannon’s indices. Three replicate samples and physicochemical parameters were measured seasonally at 11 sites in 2000 and 2001. Twelve genera of chironomid larvae were identified, which belonged to 5 subfamilies. Chironomid composition changed from the headwaters to the outlet and was associated with changes in altitude, water temperature, substrate size and conduc- tivity. We found a pronounced seasonal and spatial variation in the macroinvertebrate community and in physicochemical parameters. Environmental conditions such as elevated conductivity levels and increased river discharge occurring during the summer produced low chironomid density values at the sampling sites. The rarefaction index revealed that the sampling sites with highest richness were LU (middle section of the river) and PO (lower section). -
Diptera: Chironomidae) with Terrestrial and Semiaqutic Larvae from Ukraine
Українська ентомофауністика 2011, 2(5) : 13–15 Дата публікації: 31.10.2011 New and additional records of the non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) with terrestrial and semiaqutic larvae from Ukraine. V. A. Baranov Dept. of Zoology and Animal Ecology V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 4 Svoboda Sq. 61077, Kharkiv, Ukraine Ukrainian Science Research Institute of Ecological Problems Bakulina St. 6, 61166, Kharkiv, Ukraine E-mail: [email protected] Baranov V. A. New records of the non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) with terrestrial and semiaqutic larvae from Ukraine. Summary. Seven species of chironomid midges, Bryophaenocladius furcatus (Kieffer, 1916), Hydrosmittia oxoniana (Edwards, 1922), Smittia edwardsi Goethgebuer, 1932 , Smittia foliacea (Kieffer, 1921), Paraphaenocladius penerasus (Edwards, 1929), Paraphaenocladius impensus (Walker, 1856), Psedosmittia forcipata (Goetghebuer, 1921), are recorded for the first time from Ukraine based on adult specimens and larvae. Camptocladius stercorarius (De Geer, 1776) is recorded for the second time. Keywords : Diptera, Chironomidae, non-biting midges, terrestrial larvae, adults, first record, Ukraine,. Баранов В. О. Нові знахідки комарів -дзвінців (Diptera: Chironomidae) з наземними та напівводними личинками з України. Ре - зюме. Вперше у фауні України відмічено сім видів комарів-дзвінців: Bryophaenocladius furcatus (Kieffer, 1916), Hydrosmittia oxoniana (Edwards, 1922), Smittia edwardsi Goethgebuer, 1932 , Smittia foliacea (Kieffer, 1921), Paraphaenocladius penerasus (Edwards,