European Site Conservation Objectives: Supplementary advice on conserving and restoring site features Polruan to Polperro Special Area of Conservation (SAC) Site Code: UK0030241 Photo credit: David Hazlehurst Date of Publication: 11 February 2019 Page 1 of 30 About this document This document provides Natural England’s supplementary advice about the European Site Conservation Objectives relating to Polruan to Polperro SAC. This advice should therefore be read together with the SAC Conservation Objectives available here. You should use the Conservation Objectives, this Supplementary Advice and any case-specific advice given by Natural England, when developing, proposing or assessing an activity, plan or project that may affect this site. This Supplementary Advice to the Conservation Objectives presents attributes which are ecological characteristics of the designated species and habitats within a site. The listed attributes are considered to be those that best describe the site’s ecological integrity and which, if safeguarded, will enable achievement of the Conservation Objectives. Each attribute has a target which is either quantified or qualitative depending on the available evidence. The target identifies as far as possible the desired state to be achieved for the attribute. The tables provided below bring together the findings of the best available scientific evidence relating to the site’s qualifying features, which may be updated or supplemented in further publications from Natural England and other sources. The local evidence used in preparing this supplementary advice has been cited. The references to the national evidence used are available on request. Where evidence and references have not been indicated, Natural England has applied ecological knowledge and expert judgement. You may decide to use other additional sources of information. In many cases, the attribute targets shown in the tables indicate whether the current objective is to ‘maintain’ or ‘restore’ the attribute. This is based on the best available information, including that gathered during monitoring of the feature’s current condition. As new information on feature condition becomes available, this will be added so that the advice remains up to date. The targets given for each attribute do not represent thresholds to assess the significance of any given impact in Habitats Regulations Assessments. You will need to assess this on a case-by-case basis using the most current information available. Some, but not all, of these attributes can also be used for regular monitoring of the actual condition of the designated features. The attributes selected for monitoring the features, and the standards used to assess their condition, are listed in separate monitoring documents, which will be available from Natural England. These tables do not give advice about SSSI features or other legally protected species which may also be present within the European Site. If you have any comments or queries about this Supplementary Advice document please contact your local Natural England adviser or email [email protected] Page 2 of 30 About this site European Site information Name of European Site Polruan to Polperro Special Area of Conservation (SAC) Location Cornwall Site Map The designated boundary of this site can be viewed here on the MAGIC website Designation Date 1 April 2005 Qualifying Features See section below Designation Area 213.39 hectares Designation Changes Not applicable Feature Condition Status Details of the feature condition assessments made at this site can be found using Natural England’s Designated Sites System Names of component Polruan to Polperro SSSI Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) Relationship with other Not applicable European or International Site designations Site background and geography This site comprises approximately 10 km of largely south-facing coastal cliff along the south coast of Cornwall between Polruan in the west, and Polperro to the east. Located within the Cornish Killas Natural Character Area (NCA) and Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) access to the site is provided by the South-West Coast Path National Trail, which runs for its entire length. The cliff habitats are influenced by the complex variation in rock types and structure at this location and support a variety of maritime rock crevice and ledge communities with transitions to maritime grasslands, dense scrub and heathy vegetation. Shingle beaches and unimproved pastures add to the site’s diversity supporting a wide range of characteristic and uncommon plants and other wildlife. In places the lower cliffs and backshore are influenced by freshwater seepages, flushes and springs which support an important population of shore dock Rumex rupestris. A ‘Site Improvement Plan’ (SIP) has been produced for this SAC and is available here. Page 3 of 30 About the qualifying features of the SAC The following section gives you additional, site-specific information about this SAC’s qualifying features. These are the natural habitats and/or species for which this SAC has been designated. Qualifying habitats: • H4030 European dry heaths Areas of vegetation dominated by Western gorse Ulex gallii are present on Pencarrow Head and at Lansallos Cliff. This species is normally associated with several heathland communities but at these locations it occurs in the absence of Bell heather Erica cinerea and heather Calluna vulgaris - two ericoid species that with Ulex gallii form H8 Calluna vulgaris – Ulex gallii heath. Although these species occur very locally within the site, there are no examples of vegetation with these species and vegetation that can be assigned to this NVC community. These species are also associated with H4 Ulex gallii – Agrostis curtisii heath, along with Bristle bent Agrostis curtisii, Purple moor-grass Molinia caerulea, Cross-leaved heath Erica tetralix and Tormentil Potential erecta. Although Molinia caerulea and Potentilla erecta occur locally in the area Erica tetralix and Agrostis curtisii ae not recorded. It does seem therefore, that if heathland once occurred, it has either been lost to invasion by European gorse Ulex europaeus, repeated burning or other unknown factors. It may also be the case that H8 or H4 have never been present. As identified in the SIP the extent and presence of European dry heaths therefore needs to be reviewed, and where appropriate an assessment made of its potential for restoration with appropriate management. Supplementary Advice for this feature is therefore not currently included until this exercise has been completed. • H1230 Vegetated sea cliffs of the Atlantic and Baltic Coasts This site, on the south coast of Cornwall represents a range of cliff habitats influenced by the complex lithological variation and tectonic structure at this location. The cliffs and slopes are particularly important for their assemblage of plants and support a variety of maritime rock crevice and ledge communities that are characterised by a sparse vegetation cover of thrift Armeria maritima, English stonecrop Sedum anglicum, wild carrot Daucus carota, rock samphire Crithmum maritimum and sea campion Silene maritime. Tree mallow Lavatera arborea and wild cabbage Brassica oleracea also occur locally. In places the lower cliffs, backshore and cliff crevices are influenced by freshwater seepages, flushes and springs. These locations are particularly important for supporting the Annex II species 1441 shore dock Rumex rupestris. Transitions to maritime and sub-maritime grasslands are found alongside or amongst areas of scrub and bracken Pteridium aquilinum, and the species composition reflects the variation in the calcareous influence of the underlying strata. Characteristic species include thrift, wild carrot, sea campion, wild thyme Thymus polytrichus, common restharrow Ononis repens, sheep’s-bit Jasione montana, bluebell Hyacynthoides non-scripta and salad burnet Sanguisorba minor. Extensive areas of unimproved grassland are present on the cliff tops and headlands. Here slender bird’s-foot trefoil Lotus angustissimus, hairy bird’s-foot trefoil L. subbiflorus, autumn lady’s tresses Spiranthes spiralis and early purple orchid Orchis masculata occur locally. The exposure at this site is less than that experienced on the north coast of Cornwall, and provides an important contrast to the other Cornish sites selected for this feature. Vegetated Sea Cliffs of the Atlantic and Baltic coasts has been defined as consisting of the following NVCs in Britain: maritime and sea cliff (MC1 to MC7), maritime grassland (MC8 to MC12) and maritime heath (H6 to H8) communities. Of these the following are well represented in the Polruan to Polperro SAC: Page 4 of 30 MC1Crithmum maritimum – Spergularia rupicola maritime rock-crevice community MC4 Brassica oleracea maritime cliff-ledge community MC5 Armeria maritima – Cerastium diffusum ssp. diffusum maritime therophyte community MC6 Atriplex prostrata – Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima sea-bird cliff community MC8 Festuca rubra - Armeria maritima maritime grassland MC11 Festuca rubra – Daucus carota ssp. gummifer maritime grassland MC12 Festuca rubra – Hyacinthoides non-scripta maritime bluebell community Qualifying Species: • S1441. Rumex rupestris; Shore dock Shore dock Rumex rupestris grows on rocky, sandy and raised beaches, shore platforms and the lower slopes of cliffs, and rarely in dune slacks. Plants can be found growing in isolation on the strand-line, through