5omc effects o f mi Iit AP'i sat'ior» L - War and violence are glamorised.

- The "enemy" cease to be humans and become "things", "non-people". Aanrny Held - Patriotism replaces reason and reality. op die grens - A perception of being under siege, at war, makes the unacceptable acceptable.

- The possibility of political rather than military solutions is forgotten.

- Higher defence budgets at the expense of better housing, equal education, less poverty, are seen as inevitable.______Quote - "Hearts and Minds ’ "The basic aim of Civic Action, apart from Control assisting the black man General Magnus Malan is in various fields is to Minister of Defence. His project an image of the ministry includes the soldier as a man of SADF and Armscor action but who is never­ theless a friend of the black man and who is prepared to defend him. We want the national serviceman to teach the black man whilst his rifle is standing in the corner of the class­ room."

Maj. Gen. Charles Lloyd

THE IS THE GUARDIAN OF THE PEOPLE

This poster was found on a clinic door in the Eastern Transvaal. It illustrates how the army tries to win the 0-5 75 76 77 78 79 80 8 ’ 82 83 84 85 "hearts a M minds" D e f e n c e Budget of the people. SADF 'in the Township5 "On Monday the SADF was in full force in Uiten- hage. In Kwanobuhle it shot Mr Ringo Mguku in the forehead. Soldiers were kicking women and putting them in hippos. This thing really dis­ appointed me. Because I think the army is not for peace. Army is for war," said a Uitenhage civic leader speaking of an incident three days before the Langa mass­ acre.

The townships are abuzz with such accounts of 6otce*a^ 75'IO^V SADF and police action in which someone is shot."

I (From ECC Focus May 1985) Questions in Fkrl'iament The following emerged in answer to questions asked of Ministers during the 1985 session of Parliament:

- Citizen Force and Commando units have been used to control unrest and monitor townships throughout the Republic.

- On occasion school cadet officers who were members of Commando units were "incorrectly" called up and utilized in operations centres.

- Five people died between October 1984 and May 1985 as a result of action taken by members of the SADF in un­ rest situations in the Republic.

(Written replies to questions in Parliament)

townships th a t have been occupied by Uitenhage Beaufort Wtst Soweto Sasolburg Despatch the Crossroads Parys Everton Atlantis Zwide Jaza Kroonstad Atteridgeville Daveyton SADF 5? Bothaville Alexandra Vosloosrus Langa Soweto PE Cradock Kwanobuhle Kirkwood Somerset East Boipatong Addo JOIN THE Fort Beaufort Sebokeng Cookhouse Kimberly Kwa Thema New Brighton see Thembisa Fingo Village KwaZakele THE TOWNSHIPS Katlehong Some Little-known Facts * Cadets are not compulsory.

* ARMSCOR is the third biggest industry in .

* During the second half of 1984 there were at j least 67 attempted suicides in the SADF.

* Between 1975 and 1983 2 000 to 2 500 white South African military personnel died in Namibia.

* A total of 123 members of the Defence Force were killed in military operations and training exercises in 1984. | (ECC pamphlet 1985 and Star 27.2.85) j

What is E C C ? The End Conscription Campaign calls for an end to conscription because

- Conscription prolongs the war in Namibia.

- Conscription violates the human right to refuse in conscience to render military service.

- Conscription conditions South Africans to accept the growing militarisation in our society.

ECC affiliates include a range of church, womens', student and human rights groups, united against militarisation and conscription in our society. Among the affiliates are:

The Black Sash YCS Diakonia COSG (Conscientious Objectors' Jodac Support Group) Neusa War and Peace Group (Catholic Nusas Diocese) Cathsoc PFP Youth (Eastern Cape) UDF Area Committees Women's Movement for Peace Civil Rights League SUCA The Ecumenical Action Wits SRC Movement (Team) UCT SRC Anglican Board of Social Western Province Council of Responsibility Churches Catholic Justice and Peace Group

STOP THE DRAFT

£ a * r ) p a t g n Conscientious Objector Legislation

In 1983 new legislation was introduced for CO's. This legislation divides CO's into two groups: religious pacifists who are recognised as CO's and non­ religious pacifists (selective objectors) who are not recognised as CO's.

Religious pacifists. Different arrangements are made for these CO's on the basis of the extent of their objection.

1) If the CO will do non-combatant service in the SADF, this will be arranged for the normal period of military service.

2) If the CO won't wear an army uniform non-military service in a non-military uniform is arranged for 1} times the normal service (i.e. 6 years or 1J x length of service owed).

3) If the CO won't be associated with the army at all he will do community service for 1J times the normal service (i.e. 6 years or 1J x services owed).

These concessions are only made if the CO can satisfy a selection board that he is a bona-fide religious pacifist.

Any objector who objects on selective grounds (i.e. who for theological, moral or ethical reasons will not join the SADF, but would join a "just" defence force) is not recognised as a CO. Such objectors are sentenced to a prison term of 1J x the length of service (i.e. 6 years or 1J x the service owed). Not reporting fo V/HAtAH I POlNS? SIX YF/tPS MR ARHFD RCRBtfty, ASSAULT Military Service AND BATTERY.:.- NINF YTWtf... HOW ABOUT you ? y l January 1984 1 596 conscripts January 1985 7 589 conscripts (Cape Times 14.3.85)

Section l2Hc> of the Defence Act "Any person who uses any language or does any act or thing with intent to recommend to, encourage, aid, incite, instigate, suggest or otherwise cause any other person or any category of persons or persons in general to refuse or fail to render any service to which such other person or a person of such category or persons in general is or are liable or may become liable in terms of this act shall be guilty of an offence and liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding five thousand rand or to imprisonment for a period not exceeding six years or to both such a fine and imprisonment."______

------sW’C&V.Y - -

Collection Number: AG1977

END CONSCRIPTION CAMPAIGN (ECC)

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