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Einiger Wegwespen (Hym., Pompilidae) ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte Jahr/Year: 1996/1997 Band/Volume: 40 Autor(en)/Author(s): Schljachtenok A.S. Artikel/Article: Über die Beutespinnen (Aranei) einiger Wegwespen (Hym., Pompilidae). 169-172 © Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte; downloadEntomologische unter www.biologiezentrum.at Nachrichtenund Berichte, 40,1996/3 169 A. S. Schljachtenok , Minsk Über die Beutespinnen (Aranei) einiger Wegwespen (Hym., Pompilidae) Summary During the study of the Pompilid fauna of Belarus in 1984 to 1994, 215 spiders from 29 species were determined as prey of 18 Pompilidae species. Résumé Au cours de l’analyse de la faune des Pompilidae de la Biélorussie pendant les années de 1984 et 1994 on a déterminé 215 individues d’araignées de 29 espèces comme proie de 18 espèces de Pompilidae. Einleitung - Evarcha arcuata ( C l e r c k ) - 1 Weibchen Witebskaja Da viele europäische Wegwespenarten eine unauffällige obl., Berezinskij NSG, Postrezhje, 11.VI. 1986. und abgesonderte Lebensweise haben, gibt es in der Fachliteratur nur wenige Angaben über ihren Beutebe­ Priocnemis (Umbripennis) perturbator ( H a r r i s ) stand. Einige zusammenfassende Hinweise findet man - Alopecosa pulverulenta ( C l e r c k ) - 2 Weibchen Wi­ bei Oehlke & W olf (1987). Die sonst in der Literatur tebskaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, 26. V. 1986, vorhandenen Angaben über die Beutespinnen sind ent­ 5.VI.1985; 1 juv. Männchen Witebskaja obl., Bere­ weder nicht immer zuverlässig, oder sie enthalten, mit zinskij NSG, 6.VI.1985; wenigen Ausnahmen (Gros 1982, 1983a, 1983b), nur - Trochosa terricola T h o r e l l - 2 Weibchen Gomel- die Familien- und Gattungsnamen. In diesem Zusam­ skaja obl., Zhitkowitschskij rajon, Chwoensk, menhang sind Mitteilungen zum Spinnen-Artenbestand 18.V.1988. als Beute der Wegwespen interessant, weil sie auch zur Lösung einiger strittiger Fragen der Systematik, Zoogeo­ Caliadurgus fasciatellus ( S p i n o l a ) graphie und Ökologie dieser Gruppen beitragen können. - Araniella cucurbitina ( C l e r c k ) 1 juv. Weibchen Nachfolgend wird eine Liste der Wegwespen und Beute­ Witebskaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, 8.VIII.1985; spinnen mit dem Hinweis auf Ort und Datum des Fangs - Araneus sp. - 1 juv. Männchen Witebskaja obl., Be­ aufgeführt. Die Nomenklatur der Wegwespen richtet rezinskij NSG, 7. VI. 1986; sich nach W ahis (1986) und Oehlke & W olf (1987), - Araneus diadematus C l e r c k 1 juv. Weibchen die der Spinnen nach Platnick (1993). Minskaja obl., Dzerzhinskij rajon, Negoreloe, 30.VII.1986; Liste der Wegwespen mit Beutearten - Araneus alsine (W alckenaer) 1 Männchen Wi­ Priocnemis (Priocnemis) minuta (van der L inden ) tebskaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, 7.VIII.1986. - Haplodrassus sp. 1 juv. Umgebung Minsk, 20.VIII.1987. Dipogon (Deuteragenia) bifasciatus ( G e o f f r o y ) - Diaea dorsata (Fabricius) - 1 Weibchen Umgebung Priocnemis (Priocnemis) parvula D ahlbom - Pardosa sp. 1 juv. Weibchen Bretskaja obl., Pruz- Minsk, 13.VI.1992. hanskij rajon, Guta, 23.VII.1984; - Pardosa prativaga (L. Koch ) -1 Weibchen Witebskaja Dipogon (Deuteragenia) subintermedius ( M a g r e t t i ) obl., Berezinskij NSG, Postrezhje, 25.VII.1985; - Clubiona lutescens W e s t r i n g - 1 Weibchen Gomel- - Haplodrassus soerenseni (Strand ) 1 Weibchen skaja obl., Pripjatskij NSG, Chlupin, 23.VI.1984; Witebskaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, Domzhericy, - Dendryphantes hastatus ( C l e r c k ) 1 Weibchen 17.VI.1985; Xerolycosa miniata (C. L. Koch ) 2 Minskaja obl., Borisowskij rajon, M. Stachowo, Weibchen Witebskaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, Domz­ 13.VI.1986. hericy, 9.VI. 1986; 1 Weibchen Witebskaja obl., Be­ rezinskij NSG, Postrezhje, 11.VI. 1986; 1 Weibchen Auplopus carbonarius ( S c o p o l i ) Witebskaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, Postrezhje, - Clubiona lutescens W e s t r i n g - 1 Weibchen Minsk, 6.VII.1986; 6.VIII.1993. 170 Entomologische Nachrichten© Entomologische und Berichte, Nachrichten 40,1996/3 und Berichte; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Pompilus cinereus (Fabricius ) Anoplius (Anoplius) nigerrimus ( S c o p o l i ) - Sitticus sp. - 1 juv. Männchen Brestskaja obl., Sto- - Pardosa sp. 1 juv. Weibchen Minskaja obl., Be- linskij rajon, Pripjat, 25.VIII. 1987; resino, 9.VII. 1984; - Arctosa stigmosa (Thorell ) - 1 Weibchen Minskaja - Trochosa terricola T h o r e l l - 1 Männchen, 1 Weib­ obl., Krupskij rajon, Seljawa, 21.VII. 1992; chen Gomelskaja obl., Pripjatskij Naturschutzgeb., - Arctosa sp. 1 juv. Weibchen Gomelskaja obl., Mo- Chwoensk, 27.VIII.1987. zyrskij rajon, Pripjat, 6.VIII.1992. Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) aeruginosus ( T o u r - Arachnospila (Arachnospila) (H rufaaupt ) n ie r ) - Alopecosa schmidti (Hahn ) 1 Weibchen Witeb- - Arctosa perita (Latreille) - 1 juv. Männchen Brest­ skaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, Postrezhje, 11.VI. 1986. skaja obl., Stolinskij rajon, Dawid-Gorodok, Goryn, 24.VIII.1987; 1 Weibchen Gomelskaja obl., Pripjat­ skij Naturschutzgeb., Pripjat, 23. IX. 1987. Arachnospila (Ammosphex) consobrina (D ahlbom ) - Sitticus distinguendus (Simon ) 1 Weibchen Go­ melskaja obl., Chojnikskij rajon, Pripjat, 27.V.1985; Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatus ( v a n d e r - Heliophanus auratus C. L. Koch - 1 Weibchen Go­ L in d e n ) melskaja obl., Chojnikskij rajon, Pripjat, 28.V.1985; - Trochosa ruricola (De G e e r ) - 1 Weibchen Witeb­ - Heliophanus dubius C. L. Koch - 1 Weibchen Go­ skaja obl., Berezinskij Naturschutzgeb., Domzhe- melskaja obl., Chojnikskij rajon, Pripjat, 28.V. 1985. ricy, 13.VII. 1985; 1 Weibchen Umgebung Minsk, 20.VII.1985; - Trochosa sp. - 1 juv. Weibchen Gomelskaja obl., Pe- Arachnospila (Ammosphex) trivialis (D ahlbom ) trikow, Pripjat, 22.VI.1984; 2 juv. Weibchen Min­ - Xysticus sp. -1 juv. Weibchen Witebskaja obl., Bere­ skaja obl., Krupki, 5.VII.1993. zinskij NSG, Postrezhje, 7.VIII.1986; 1 juv. Weib­ chen Grodnenskaja obl., Iwjewskij rajon, Tscherkes, 2.VIII.1986; Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) (viaticus L i n n a e u s ) - Trochosa terricola T h o r e l l - 60 Weibchen; - Thanatus formicinus (Clerck ) - 1 Weibchen Witeb­ - Trochosa ruricola ( D e G e e r ) - 57 Weibchen; skaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, Postrezhje, 6.VIII.1986. - Alopecosa pulverulenta ( C l e r c k ) - 17 Weibchen; - Haplodrassus signifer (C. L . K o c h ) - 8 Weibchen; Episyron albonotatum (van der Linden ) - Pardosa paludicola ( C l e r c k ) - 5 Weibchen; Larinioides patagiatus (Clerck ) - 1 Weibchen Wi­ - Evarcha arcuata ( C l e r c k ) - 5 Weibchen; tebskaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, Postrezhje, - Alopecosa cuneata ( C l e r c k ) - 3 Weibchen; 6.VII.1986. - Trochosa spinipalpis (F. O. P. Cambridge) 3 Weibchen; - Agroeca brunnea (Blackw all) - 1 Weibchen; Episyron rufipes (Linnaeus ) - Thanatus formicinus ( C l e r c k ) - 1 Weibchen; - Larinioides patagiatus (Clerck ) - 1 Weibchen Wi­ - Pardosa lugubris (W alckenaer) - 1 Weibchen; tebskaja obl., Berezinskij NSG, Postrezhje, - Trochosa sp. - 1 juv.; 6.VII.1986; 1 Weibchen, 1 juv. Weibchen, 1 juv. - Dolomedes sp. - 1 juv. Alle in V Männchen Witebskaja obl., Rossonskij rajon, Wo- lobo, 14.VIII.1986; - Larinioides sp. - 1 juv. Männchen Gomelskaja obl., Loewskij rajon, Dnepr, 23.VI.1989; - Araneus sp. - 1 juv. Weibchen Minskaja obl., Krup­ skij rajon, Osetschino, 11.VII.1993. Anoplius (Anoplius) concinnus (D ahlbom ) - Pirata sp. - 1 juv. Witebskaja obl., Berezinskij Na­ Diskussion turschutzgeb., Stwolno, 25.VIII. 1987; Die Mehrzahl der von uns festgestellten Beutespinnen - Trochosa ruricola (D e Geer) - 1 Weibchen Minsk, wurde von der Wegwespe Anoplius viaticus eingetra­ 1.VI.1989; gen (Tabelle 1). Diese Art ist häufig und bietet daher - Pardosa amentata (Clerck ) 1 Weibchen Witeb­ die Möglichkeit, ihr Verhalten in der Natur relativ skaja obl., Gorodokskij rajon, Tiosto, 24.VI.1992. leicht zu beobachten. © Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte; downloadEntomologische unter www.biologiezentrum.at Nachrichten und Berichte, 40,1996/3171 Tabelle 1 : Zusammensetzung der als Beute von Wegwespen festge­ werden, was, neben anderen Unterschieden, die Rich­ stellten Spinnenfamilien tigkeit ihrer Abtrennung von Anoplius infuscatus als selbständige Art belegen kann, deren Beute andere Pompiliden ohne Anoplius viaticus Spinnenarten sind, vorwiegend aber Trochosa ruri­ Anoplius viaticus cola. Die oben angeführten Angaben stimmen im ganzen mit 9 cf juv. 9 cf juv. W o l f (1971) überein. Er schreibt: „Im allgemeinen sind die Wegwespen nicht auf bestimmte Spinnengat­ Lycosidae 17 1 9 146 1 17 tungen spezialisiert, sondern eher auf Familien oder Araneidae 3 1 7 11 Gruppen mit ähnlicher Lebensweise. Einige Wegwes­ Salticidae 5 1 5 11 pen tragen aber nur eine bestimmte Spinnenart ein, an­ Gnaphosidae1 1 8 10 dere dagegen sind nicht wählerisch und erbeuten Spin­ Thomisidae 2 2 1 5 nen mehrerer Familien.“ Hierzu muß man anmerken, Clubionidae 2 1 3 daß der Beutebestand vor allem dann die Bevorzugung Pisauridae 1 1 von Vertretern einer Gattung oder sogar einer Art von Spinnen zeigt, wenn die Anzahl der Beutetiere groß ge­ 30 2 20 161 2 56 nug ist, was jedoch von vielen Faktoren abhängt. Zu den wichtigsten Faktoren gehören die, die mit der Lebensweise der Wegwespen und Spinnen und der Größe der Beute im Zusammenhang stehen. So sind die Wie wir schon früher gezeigt haben (Schljachtenok Wegwespe Dipogon subintermedius und ihre Beute 1988), sind die häufigste Beute Spinnen zweier nahe (Clubiona lutescens, Dendryphantes hastatus) an verwandter Arten aus der Familie Lycosidae
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