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Revolutionary Movement(क्रान्तिकारी आतदोलन)

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Revolutionary Movement(क्रान्तिकारी आतदोलन) Who among the following is the Chairman of the 15th Finance commission? नि륍िलिखित मᴂ से कौि 15 वᴂ ववत्त आयोग के अध्यक्ष हℂ? A. Ajay Narayan Jha B. N.K. Singh C. Arvind Subramanian D. Rajiv Mehrishi Revolutionary Movement(क्रान्तिकारी आतदोलन) 10th May 2019 DLB 2 In the beginning of the 20th century, a 20 वीं शताब्दी की शु셁आत, मᴂ भारत मᴂ new class of national leaders emerged in राष्ट्रीय नेता䴂 का एक नया वर्ग उभरा, जो India which was different from the moderate group. उदारवादी समूह से अलर् था। They took a more aggressive stance उन्हⴂने ब्रिटिश साम्रा煍य के ब्रिलाफ अब्रिक against the British Empire. आक्रामक 셁ि अपनाया। They were typically younger and did not वे आम तौर पर छोिे थे और उदारवादी believe in the soft and persuasive नेता䴂 के नरम और प्रेरकदृब्रिको ण मᴂ approach of the moderate leaders. ब्रवश्वास नहीं करते थे। The extremist phase of Indian nationalism भारतीय राष्ट्रवाद का चरम चरण 1905 से is from 1905 to 1920. 1920 तक है। Extremist leaders अब्रतवादी नेता Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, लाला लाजपत राय, बाल र्ंर्ािर लकब्रत , Bipin Chandra Pal (the first three called ब्रबब्रपन चंद्र पाल(पहले तीन ब्रजन्हᴂ लाल- Lal-Bal-Pal leading the extremist cause in Punjab, Bombay and Bengal. बाल-पाल कहा जाता है, पंजाब, बॉ륍बे और बंर्ाल मᴂ चरमपंथी हℂ। Other leaders included Aurobindo Ghosh, Rajnarayan Bose, A K Dutt, V O C Pillai अन्य नेता䴂 मᴂ अरबबंदो घोष, राजनारायण बोस, ए के दत्त, वी ओ सी ब्रप쥍लई शाब्रमल थे Methods of Extremist Leaders The extremist goal was ‘swaraj’. चरमपंथी नेता䴂 के तरीके The extremist leaders involved wider चरमपंथी लक्ष्य 'स्वराज' था। sections of people in the movement. चरमपंथी नेता䴂 ने आंदोलन मᴂ लोर्ⴂ के They involved lower middle class people. व्यापक वर्ⴂ को शाब्रमल ककया। They did not believe in loyalty to the उनमᴂ ब्रनम्न मध्यम वर्ग के लोर् शाब्रमल थे। British Crown. वे ब्रिटिश क्राउन के प्रब्रत वफादारी मᴂ ब्रवश्वास They believed in sacrificing everything नहीं करते थे। including life for the cause of the motherland. वे मातृभूब्रम के कारण के ब्रलए जीवन सब्रहत सब कुछ बब्रलदान करने मᴂ ब्रवश्वास करते थे। They opposed westernisation of Indian society by the British. उन्हⴂने अंग्रेजⴂ द्वारा भारतीय समाज के Tilak famously said, “Swaraj is my birth पब्रिमीकरण का ब्रवरोि ककया। right and I shall have it.” ब्रतलक ने कहा, "स्वराज मेरा जन्म अब्रिकार है और मेरे पास यह होर्ा।" Though the Indian freedom struggle post- यद्यब्रप1857 के बाद भारतीय स्वतंत्रता संग्राम 1857 was largely free of violence, there काफी हद तक बहंसा से मुक्त था, एक was a revolutionary movement also क्रांब्रतकारी आंदोलन था ब्रजसका उद्देश्य भारत aimed at winning India independence की स्वतंत्रता को जीतना था ब्रजसमᴂ बत सारे involving a lot of young Indian men and युवा भारतीय पु셁ष और मब्रहलाएं शाब्रमल थीं। women. उनका मानना ​​था कक सरकार के ब्रिलाफ केवल They believed that only an armed सशस्त्र संघषग ही भारत को ब्रिटिश शासन से struggle against the government would मुब्रक्त कदलाएर्ा। उन्हⴂने बहंसक सािनⴂ को deliver India from the British rule. They ब्रनयोब्रजत ककया। वे मुख्य 셂प टिशसे ब्रि employed violent means. They were अब्रिकाटरयⴂ द्वारा कुचल कदए र्ए थे, लेककन वे mainly crushed by the British authorities कई भारतीयⴂ को स्वतंत्रता संग्राम के ब्रलए but they were successful in inspiring प्रेटरत करने मᴂ सफल रहे। मातृभूब्रम के ब्रलए many Indians towards the freedom वीरता और बब्रलदान की कहाब्रनयⴂ ने उन्हᴂ struggle.Their stories of heroism and प्रेटरत ककया और लोर्ⴂ को देश के ब्रलए जीने sacrifice for the motherland motivated और मरने के ब्रलए प्रेटरत ककया। and continues to motivate people to live and die for the country. Chapekar Brothers (1897) चापेकर िदसग (1897) First political assassination of a British भारत मᴂ 1857 के ब्रवद्रोह के बाद ब्रिटिश officer in India post 1857 Revolt. अब्रिकारी की पहली राजनीब्रतक ह配या। Brothers Damodar, Balkrishna and िदसग दामोदर, बालकृष्ण और वासुदेव चापेकर Vasudeo Chapekar shot at WC Rand, ने 1897 मᴂ WC Rand, ICS, स्पेशल प्लेर् ICS, Chairman of the Special Plague कमेिी के चेयरमैन पर र्ोली चलाई। Committee in 1897. रℂड के सैन्य एस्कॉिग लेब्रटिनᴂि आयस्िग की मौके Rand’s military escort Lieutenant Ayerst पर ही मौत हो र्ई, जबकक रℂड की कुछ कदनⴂ died on the spot whereas Rand died a बाद घावⴂ के कारण मौत हो र्ई। few days later due to wounds. भाई पुणे मᴂ प्लेर् महामारी के दौरान रℂड के The brothers were against the atrocities तहत ब्रिटिश अब्रिकाटरयⴂ द्वारा ककए र्ए committed by the British authorities under अ配याचारⴂ के ब्रिलाफ थे। Rand during the plague epidemic in Pune. ह配या के ब्रलए तीनⴂ भाइयⴂ को फांसी पर लिका कदया र्या था। All the three brothers were hanged for the assassination. Alipore Bomb Conspiracy Case (1908) अलीपुर बम षड्यंत्र (केस 1908) Also called Muraripukur conspiracy or इसे मुरारीपुकुर षड्यंत्र या मब्रणकिोला बम Manicktolla bomb conspiracy. षड्यंत्र भी कहा जाता है। Douglas Kingsford was an unpopular British Chief Magistrate who was the target डर्लस ककंग्सफोडग एक अलोकब्रप्रय ब्रिटिश of the bomb thrown at Muzaffarpur मुख्य मब्रजस्रेि थे, जो मुजटफरपुर (उत्तरी क्षेत्र) (Northern Bihar). मᴂ फᴂके र्ए बम का ब्रनशाना थे। Unfortunately, the carriage at which the दुभागग्य से, ब्रजस र्ाडी को बम से ब्रनशाना bomb was targeted contained two English बनाया र्या, उसमᴂ दो अंग्रेजीदेब्रव यााँ थीं न कक ladies and not Kingsford. The two women ककंग्सफोडग। हमले मᴂ दोनⴂ मब्रहला䴂 की मौत died in the attack. हो र्ई। Revolutionaries who threw the bomb were बम फᴂकने वाले क्रांब्रतकारी प्रफु 쥍ल चाकी और Prafulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose. िुदीराम बोस थे। Chaki committed suicide while Bose, then चौकी ने आ配मह配या कर ली, जबकक बोस ने only 18 years of age, was caught and केवल 18 साल की उम्र मᴂ पकडा और फांसी की sentenced to death by hanging. सजा सुनाई। The other people who were tried in the • मामले मᴂ ब्रजन अन्य लोर्ⴂ पर मुकदमा case were Aurobindo Ghosh and his चलाया र्या, उनमᴂ अरबबंदो घोष और brother Barin Ghosh, Kanailal Dutt, उनके भाई बाटरन घोष, कनाईलाल दत्त, Satyendranath Bose and more than 30 स配येन्द्रनाथ बोस 30और से अब्रिक अन्य others. लोर् थे। They were all members of the Anushilan • वे सभी कलकत्ता मᴂ अनुशीलन सब्रमब्रत के Samiti in Calcutta. सदस्य थे। Aurobindo Ghosh was acquitted due to • अरबबंदो घोष को सबूतⴂ की कमी के कारण lack of evidence and others served बरी कर कदया र्या और अन्य लोर्ⴂ को जेल varying life-terms in prison. मᴂ अलर्-अलर् जीवन-काल की सेवा दी Curzon Wyllie's Assassination (1909) र्ई। The India House was an organisation in • कजगन वायली की ह配या (1909) London involved in the freedom struggle • इंब्रडया हाउस लंदन मᴂ एक संर्ठन था जो of India mainly engaging Indian students भारत के स्वतंत्रता संग्राम मᴂ मुख्य 셂प से in the UK as its participants. ब्रििेन मᴂ भारतीय छात्रⴂ को अपने प्रब्रतभाब्रर्यⴂ के 셂प मᴂ शाब्रमल करता था। Patrons of this organisation included Shyamji Krishna Varma and Bhikaiji Cama. • इस संर्ठन के संरक्षक मᴂ श्यामजी कृष्ण वमाग और India House became the centre of ब्रभकाजी कामा शाब्रमल थे। revolutionary activities for Indian • इंब्रडया हाउस भारत के बाहर भारतीय स्वतंत्रता independence outside India. के ब्रलए क्रांब्रतकारी र्ब्रतब्रवब्रियⴂ का कᴂद्र बन र्या। The organisation was liquidated after the assassination of an army officer Curzon Wyllie • 1909 मᴂ अपने सदस्य मदन लाल ढींर्रा द्वारा by its member Madan Lal Dhingra in 1909. सेना के एक अब्रिकारी कजगन वायली की ह配या के Howrah Gang Case (1910) बाद संर्ठन को समाप्त कर कदया र्या था। Also known as Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy • हावडा र्ℂर् केस (1910) case. • ब्रजसे हावडा-ब्रसबपुर षड्यंत्र केसके नाम से भी In this case, 47 revolutionaries associated with the Anushilan Samiti were arrested and tried जाना जाता है। for the murder of Inspector Shamsul Alam. • इस मामले मᴂ, अनुशीलन सब्रमब्रत से जुडे 47 Alam was investigating the revolutionary क्रांब्रतकाटरयⴂ को ब्रर्रटतार ककया र्या और activities of the Samiti and was trying to link इंस्पेक्िर शमसुल आलम की ह配या की कोब्रशश की and consolidate the murders and robberies र्ई। into a single case. • आलम सब्रमब्रत की क्रांब्रतकारी र्ब्रतब्रवब्रियⴂ की The case brought to light the work of revolutionary Jatindranath Mukherjee.
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