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Starliner Rudolf Spoor Vertregt-raket Van de hoofdredacteur: Ook de NVR ontsnapt niet aan de gevolgen van het Corona- virus: zoals u in de nieuwsbrief heeft kunnen lezen zijn we genoodzaakt geweest de voor maart, april en mei geplande evenementen op te schorten. In de tussentijd zijn online ruimtevaart-gerelateerde initiatieven zeer de moeite waard om te volgen, en in de nieuwsbrief heeft u daar ook een overzicht van kunnen vinden. De redactie heeft zijn best gedaan om ook in deze moeilijke tijden voor u een afwisselend nummer samen te stellen, met onder andere aandacht voor de lancering van de eerste Starliner, een studentenproject waarin een supersone para- Bij de voorplaat chute getest wordt, tests van een prototype maanrover op het DECOS terrein in Noordwijk en een uitgebreide analyse Kunstzinnige weergave van de lancering van de Vertregt-raket vanuit met moderne middelen van het Vertregt raketontwerp uit de Suriname. De vlammen zijn gebaseerd op die van andere raketten jaren ‘50. Dit laatste artikel is geïnspireerd door de biografie met dezelfde stuwstoffen. [achtergrond: ESA] van Marius Vertregt die in het tweede nummer van 2019 gepubliceerd werd, en waarvan we een Engelstalige versie hebben ingediend voor het IAC 2020 in Dubai. Dit artikel is ook daadwerkelijk geselecteerd voor presentatie op de confe- rentie, maar door de onzekerheden rond het Coronavirus is de conferentie helaas een jaar uitgesteld. Ook andere artikelen uit Ruimtevaart worden in vertaalde vorm overgenomen door Engelstalige media. Zo verscheen het artikel van Henk Smid over Iraanse ruimtevaart uit het eerste nummer van dit jaar zelfs in de bekende online publicatie The Space Review. We hopen dat deze uitgave u weer weet te inspireren, danken alle auteurs voor hun bijdragen en roepen iedereen op om Nederlandse bijdragen aan ruimtemissies, bij voorkeur bij de lancering, te blijven melden. Peter Buist Foto van het kwartaal Selfie door ESA/JAXA’s BepiColombo op weg naar Mercurius, gemaakt tijdens de scheervlucht langs de aarde op 10 april. [ESA] Nederlandse Vereniging voor Ruimtevaart (NVR) Bestuur Websitecommissie Kascommissie Copyright © 2020 NVR Het bestuur van de NVR wordt Drs. B. ten Berge (voorzitter) C. Martinus Alle rechten voorbehouden. Gehele of gekozen door de leden en bestaat uit: Dr. R.P.N. Bronckers Ir. J.A. Meijer gedeeltelijke overname van artikelen, Dr. Ir. G.J. Blaauw (voorzitter) D. Jeyakodi LLM Drs. T. Wierenga foto’s en illustraties uit Ruimtevaart Dr. Ir. P.J. Buist (vice-voorzitter) S. Praal, MA is alleen toegestaan na overleg met Drs. B. ten Berge (secretaris) Ereleden en akkoord van de redactie, en met Ir. M. de Brouwer (penningmeester) Sociale media-commissie Ir. D. de Hoop bronvermelding. De NVR noch de Ir. P.A.W. Batenburg Mr. S.V. Pieterse (voorzitter) Prof. Dr. C. de Jager drukker kan aansprakelijk gesteld worden D. Jeyakodi LLM Drs. B. ten Berge Drs. A. Kuipers voor de juistheid van de informatie in dit Mr. F.N.E. van ’t Klooster M. Marcik Ir. J.H. de Koomen blad of voor eventuele zet- of drukfouten. Ir. A.G.M. Marée F. Overtoom Drs. T. Masson-Zwaan Dr. Ir. C. Verhoeven F. Roelfsema Ir. H.J.D. Reijnen Kopij D. Stefoudi P. Smolders Indien u een bijdrage aan het blad Redactie ‘Ruimtevaart� Drs. Ing. R. Timmermans Prof. Ir. K.F. Wakker wilt leveren of suggesties wilt geven, Dr. Ir. P.J. Buist (hoofdredacteur) neem dan contact op met de redactie Ir. M.O. van Pelt (eindredacteur) Evenementencommissie Contact via [email protected]. De B. Vis (eindredacteur) Ir. P.A.W. Batenburg (voorzitter) Richelle Scheffers redactie behoudt zich het recht voor om Drs. P.G. van Diepen Ir. S. de Jong Kapteynstraat 1 ingezonden stukken in te korten of niet te Ir. E.A. Kuijpers Ing. R.H. Linde 2201 BB Noordwijk plaatsen. Ing. M.C.A.M. van der List Ir. S. Petrovic [email protected] Ir. H.M. Sanders MBA Ir. N. Silvestri www.ruimtevaart-nvr.nl Vormgeving en opmaak Ir. L. van der Wal ISSN 1382-2446 Esger Brunner/NNV Drukker Bariet Ten Brink, Meppel Prototype Moon Rover Een leven lang passie voor tested in Noordwijk 4 de ruimtevaart 8 Preparing for new moon rover “Ik ben gezegend in de tijd opgegroeid activities. te zijn waar ik getuige kon zijn van het echte ruimtevaartpionierswerk.” En nu naar Mars De Vertregt-raket Boekbespreking. Analyse van een Nederlands 13 raketontwerp uit 1954. 14 Samenwerking tussen Looking back to Earth Zuid-Holland en Bremen Famous pictures of the whole Earth 22 shot from space. 24 tijdens Space Tech Expo verder ingevuld Twee belangrijke Europese ruimtevaartgebieden vinden elkaar. Supersonic Parachute Starliner zet eerste Experiment 26 stappen 30 Aboard REXUS Verslag van de lancering van een Supersonic parachute testing aboard nieuw herbruikbaar ruimteschip. the REXUS sounding rocket by Delft Aerospace Rocket Engineering. Satellite orbit prediction De prinses en de sterren Efficient calculations on orbit De vaste column van Piet Smolders. evolution due to atmospheric drag. 34 38 Ruimtevaartkroniek Alle lanceringen en belangrijke ruimtevaartgebeurtenissen tussen 40 12 oktober 2019 en 1 januari 2020. Prototype Moon Rover tested in Noordwijk Karsten Kullack, Jeremi Gancet, Space Applications Services NV In December 2018 a team of European space companies and universities came to Noordwijk to test a new, compact prototype Moon rover equipped with a suite of instruments aimed at measuring lunar volatiles, such as water, hydrogen and methane. The trials marked the end of a first development phase, the results of which are now being used in a follow-on activity. 4 he project named LUVMI, for on the Moon, with diurnal changes in München and OHB System (Germany). It ‘Lunar Volatiles Mobile Instru- the signal and increased concentrations uses the core drill principle, as applied in mentation’, is an undertaking of towards higher latitudes. This data is com- terrestrial geology, to obtain cylindrical a consortium of Belgian, German, plemented by the results of the LCROSS core soil samples, and combines that with T and British space companies and universi- (Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing a central heater element. After inserting ties, and is co-funded by the European Satellite) impactor mission, which indicat- the hollow auger drill up to 20 cm into the Commission’s Horizon 2020 programme. ed 5.6 +/- 3% water in the ejecta plume of ground, the enclosed sample is heated to The consortium leader, Space Applications the Cabeus crater. However, only a surface release volatile components. The released Services NV, a Belgian SME, has offices mission can provide ground truth data and gas is led to a quadrupole ion trap mass in Noordwijk just opposite of ESTEC, and investigate the actual state and distribu- spectrometer, developed by the Open the ‘Mars yard’ terrain of neighbour DE- tion of lunar volatiles on the surface. University (UK), which allows measure- COS BV, as well as the sandy dunes at the Previous surface missions to the Moon or ment of a wide range of ion species (mass beach, offered the perfect location for vari- Mars have mostly been either very large range of m/z from 10 to 200) with a parts- ous outdoor trials. and costly, with complex drill and sample per-million sensitivity. This would enable handling mechanisms, or very small with the detection of all volatiles species that Background and Motivation rather limited scientific capabilities. The were identified in the LCROSS ejecta One of the currently most debated ques- LUVMI project and its follow-on LUVMI-X plume. A similar type of spectrometer tions in lunar science is the amount of is attempting to find a solution in between was flown on the Rosetta mission’s Philae water and other volatiles in the lunar that can provide almost as much scientific lander, which measured the organic com- regolith. This is of particular interest due output as a large platform, yet is sufficient- position of the nucleus material of comet to their possible utilisation as an in-situ ly compact and lightweight to be carried 67P/ Churyumov-Gerasimenko. resource for future exploration missions, to the Moon as a secondary, ‘piggyback’ The instrument package is complement- and because of wide-ranging implica- payload rather than needing its own dedi- ed by a novel set of cameras based on the tions for solar system science. Lunar cated mission. This can be achieved by the light-field technology, which offers a sim- volatiles have been theorised to exist in combination of an autonomous, 4-wheel ple and robust 3D imaging solution with frozen form in Permanently Shadowed rover with active suspension and an inno- no moving parts. This is used both for the Regions (PSRs) and in chemically or physi- vative instrument package. supervision of drilling operations and in cally bound states inside surface particles. support of the navigation of the rover. Various remote sensing missions were Lunar instrument package The cameras with light-field optics are conducted in lunar orbit in recent decades The scientific payload consists of a com- developed by Dynamic Imaging Analyt- and provided encouraging results. Bistatic bined Volatiles Sampler (VS) and Volatiles ics (UK). The Surface Camera (SurfCam) radar observations, infrared spectroscopy Analyser (VA), which enables drilling into can provide depth information of the measurements and neutron-spectroscopy the lunar soil and direct sensing of volatile drill sites and rover tracks, as well as an data from Clementine, Lunar Prospector, constituents without complex (and there- overview of drilling operations. The Navi- Cassini, Deep Impact, Chandrayaan-1 fore fault prone) sample handling or trans- gation Camera (NavCam) will be used to and the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter fer mechanisms. The sampler is a joint generate point clouds of the surrounding missions suggest the existence of water development of the Technical University environment, enabling the identification Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer Reference Gas System Orifice P1 Pressure Sensors Hea<ng Rod P0 Augered Drill Shell ​푄 100 mm Principle schematic of the volatiles38 sampler mm and analyser (VS/VA).
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  • N AS a Facts

    N AS a Facts

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA’s Launch Services Program he Launch Services Program (LSP) manufacturing, launch operations and rockets for launching Earth-orbit and Twas established at Kennedy Space countdown management, and providing interplanetary missions. Center for NASA’s acquisition and added quality and mission assurance in In September 2010, NASA’s Launch program management of expendable lieu of the requirement for the launch Services (NLS) contract was extended launch vehicle (ELV) missions. A skillful service provider to obtain a commercial by the agency for 10 years, through NASA/contractor team is in place to launch license. 2020, with the award of four indefinite meet the mission of the Launch Ser- Primary launch sites are Cape Canav- delivery/indefinite quantity contracts. The vices Program, which exists to provide eral Air Force Station (CCAFS) in Florida, expendable launch vehicles that NASA leadership, expertise and cost-effective and Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) has available for its science, Earth-orbit services in the commercial arena to in California. and interplanetary missions are United satisfy agencywide space transporta- Other launch locations are NASA’s Launch Alliance’s (ULA) Atlas V and tion requirements and maximize the Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, the Delta II, Space X’s Falcon 1 and 9, opportunity for mission success. Kwajalein Atoll in the South Pacific’s Orbital Sciences Corp.’s Pegasus and facts The principal objectives of the LSP Republic of the Marshall Islands, and Taurus XL, and Lockheed Martin Space are to provide safe, reliable, cost-effec- Kodiak Island in Alaska. Systems Co.’s Athena I and II.