Yorkshire Connections to the Titanic’
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Coordination Failure and the Sinking of Titanic
The Sinking of the Unsinkable Titanic: Mental Inertia and Coordination Failures Fu-Lai Tony Yu Department of Economics and Finance Hong Kong Shue Yan University Abstract This study investigates the sinking of the Titanic from the theory of human agency derived from Austrian economics, interpretation sociology and organizational theories. Unlike most arguments in organizational and management sciences, this study offers a subjectivist perspective of mental inertia to understand the Titanic disaster. Specifically, this study will argue that the fall of the Titanic was mainly due to a series of coordination and judgment failures that occurred simultaneously. Such systematic failures were manifested in the misinterpretations of the incoming events, as a result of mental inertia, by all parties concerned in the fatal accident, including lookouts, telegram officers, the Captain, lifeboat crewmen, architects, engineers, senior management people and owners of the ship. This study concludes that no matter how successful the past is, we should not take experience for granted entirely. Given the uncertain future, high alertness to potential dangers and crises will allow us to avoid iceberg mines in the sea and arrived onshore safely. Keywords: The R.M.S. Titanic; Maritime disaster; Coordination failure; Mental inertia; Judgmental error; Austrian and organizational economics 1. The Titanic Disaster So this is the ship they say is unsinkable. It is unsinkable. God himself could not sink this ship. From Butler (1998: 39) [The] Titanic… will stand as a monument and warning to human presumption. The Bishop of Winchester, Southampton, 1912 Although the sinking of the Royal Mail Steamer Titanic (thereafter as the Titanic) is not the largest loss of life in maritime history1, it is the most famous one2. -
A Night to Remember Walter Lord Characters
A night to remember walter lord characters Continue This article is about the 1958 film. On the 1956 television play, see Night to Remember (Kraft Television Theater). Night RememberPaatrin releases poster DirectorRoy Ward BakerProjectWilliam MacQuittyScreenplay byEric AmblerStory byWalter LordStarringKenneth MoreMusic byWilliam AlwynCinematographyGeoffrey UnsworthDistributed ByThe Rank OrganisationRelease date‹See TfM› 3 July 2016 1958 (1958-07-03) Running time123 minutesCountryEnglishBudget£500,000[1] or £530,000[2] The night to remember is 1958. British historical drama film adaptation of Walter Lord's 1955 book, which tells last night's RMS Titanic. Adapted by Eric Ambler and directed by Roy Ward Baker, the film stars Kenneth More and features Michael Goodliffe, Laurence Naismith, Kenneth Griffith, David McCallum and Tucker McGuire. It was filmed in the UK and tells the story of the sinking, depicting major incidents and players in documentary-style fashion with great attention to detail. [3] The production team, overseen by producer William MacQuitty (who saw the original ship started), used the ship's projects to create authentic collections, while the fourth officer, Joseph Boxhall, and ex-Cunard Commodore Harry Grattidge worked as technical consultants for the film. Its budget of £600,000 (£14,120,882 adjusted for inflation [2019]) was exceptional and made it the most expensive film ever made in the UK by then. [4] The world premiere was at Odeon Leicester Square on Thursday, 3 July 1958. Titanic survivor Elizabeth Dowdell attended the American premiere in New York on Tuesday, December 16, 1958 [5] The film was a relative disappointment at the box office. [1] However, she received critical acclaim and won the 1959 Samuel Goldwyn International Award for the UK Golden Globe Awards. -
“I Thought It Was a Narrow Shave”
1 “I Thought it Was a Narrow Shave” A Revised Analysis of the Iceberg Encounter by Samuel Halpern At 10:00pm, ship’s time, Sunday night, April 14th 1912, lookouts Frederick Fleet and Reginald Lee took their watch up in the crow’s nest, replacing lookouts George Symons and Archie Jewell. Before Symons and Jewell left the nest, they told Fleet and Lee to keep a sharp lookout for ice and growlers in particular, repeating the orders they received from the bridge earlier that night. According to Reginald Lee, it was about “nine or ten minutes” after seven bells were struck that a dark mass was spotted out on the water ahead of the ship.1 When asked how far ahead of the vessel was the iceberg, Lee responded by saying, “It might have been half a mile or more; it might have been less; I could not give you the distance in that peculiar light.” When that dark mass was finally identified, Frederick Fleet was quick to react. He said to Lee, “There is ice ahead,” and immediately reached up and grabbed the lanyard of the lookout bell above his head and struck it three times to signal the officer on the bridge below that an object was sighted ahead. He then left his place on the port side of the nest and went behind Lee on the starboard side of the nest to get to the loud- speaking telephone that connected the crow’s nest with a loud-speaking phone in the wheelhouse. As Fleet would later recall, “I asked them were they there, and they said yes.” They then asked, “What did you see?” to which Fleet replied, “Iceberg right ahead.” They then followed with, “Thank you.” The person that answered the phone in the wheelhouse was Sixth Officer James Moody. -
RMS Titanic - New World Encyclopedia
4/11/2021 RMS Titanic - New World Encyclopedia archive.today Saved from https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/RMS_Titanic search 11 Apr 2021 04:25:40 UTC webpage capture no other snapshots from this url All snapshots from host www.newworldencyclopedia.org Webpage Screenshot share download .zip report bug or abuse donate Pay Less, Download More! Save 15% off in any stock photos & images. Get started! ADS VIA CARBON É RMS Titanic Previous (R. M. Hare) Next (RNA) The RMS Titanic, a British Olympic class ocean liner, became famous as the largest ocean liner built in her day and infamous for sinking on her maiden voyage, in 1912. This event ranks as one of the worst peacetime maritime disasters in history. On the night of April 14, at 11:40 p.m., the ship struck an iceberg and sank in just under three hours with the loss of approximately 1500 lives. There are many descriptions of the disaster by the surviving passengers and crew and the sinking has been the subject of numerous investigations. The sinking of the RMS Titanic was a factor that influenced later maritime practices, ship design, and the seafaring culture. Contents [hide] BuildTihneg RMS Titanic leaving Belfast for sea trials, 2 April 1912 1 Building and design and History 2 Fixtures and fittings design 3 Passengers and crew Class and Olympic-class ocean liner In type: 3.1 Crew Builder: Harland and Wolff shipyard, 3.2 Passengers Belfast 4 Disaster Laid down: 31 March 1909 5 Contributing factors Launched: 31 May 1911 5.1 Speed Christened: Not christened, as per White 5.2 Lifeboats Star Line practice 5.3 Manuevering Status: Sunk 5.4 struck iceberg at 23:40 (ship's time) on Faults in construction or 14 April 1912 substandard materials sank the next day at 2:20. -
Third Class April 14 1912
BACK ROW left to right: Chief purser Herbert McElroy, 2nd Officer Charles Lightoller, 3rd Officer Herbert Pitman, 4th Officer Joseph Boxhall, 5th Officer Harold Lowe FRONT ROW left to right: 6th Officer James Moody, Chief Officer Henry Wilde, Captain Edward Smith, 1st Officer William Murdoch Captain Edward John Smith - the Titanic’s maiden voyage was to be Captain Smith’s last trip before he retired. He went down with his ship. Second Officer Lightoller. Lookout Fred Fleet. The crew consisted of stewards, cooks, cleaners, waiters, etc.; 320 engineers, and 65 engaged in navigation – altogether there were 913 crew members. The Titanic could carry more than three thousand people on board, but for its maiden voyage, 2,229 people were on the ship. First Class: 325 (* These numbers may not Second Class : 285 be exact, as there are conflicting reports of Third Class : 706 numbers of survivors and Crew : 913 passenger numbers) The different classes did not mix on the ship – the First Class passengers were on the top decks; the Second Class on the middle decks; the Third Class further down. White Star realised that they could make a lot of money from Third Class passengers. (Third Class was also known as ‘Steerage’.) Other ships at the time did not provide comfortable living quarters for Third Class passengers, but by providing comfortable accommodation on the Titanic, White Star believed that it would be recommended to friends and family who would join those who had already emigrated. First Class passengers could swim in the pool, work out in the gymnasium, play squash, have a Turkish bath, or tan themselves on sunbeds. -
Leadership Flaws Causing Titanic Disasters
Living The Titanic: Leadership flaws causing titanic disasters Raed H. Charafeddine Living the Titanic Boarding the Titanic Centennial Memorial Cruise was a formidable occasion for us. Emotions tugging in different directions: visualizing the promised glory, yet realizing the tragic reality. Our trip was a blend of joy for being together joining in a unique experience and melancholy for those who suffered the pain and anguish in the dark, cold ocean. It was a momentous opportunity to relax, bond, learn, and reflect. Razan, Layan, and Raed Charafeddine April 8 – 19, 2012 The Atlantic Ocean Living The Titanic: Leadership flaws causing titanic disasters 2 April 2012 Living The Titanic: Leadership flaws causing titanic disasters 3 Our Ship – The Balmoral Living The Titanic: Leadership flaws causing titanic disasters 4 Our Itinerary Map Living The Titanic: Leadership flaws causing titanic disasters 5 Route Taken by the Titanic During her First (and Last) Voyage Living The Titanic: Leadership flaws causing titanic disasters 6 Our Itinerary Sunday, April 8 16:10 sailing from Southampton, UK Monday, April 9 18:00 - 23:30 Cobh, Ireland. This was RMS Titanic last port of call. Saturday, April 14 11:35 pm – 02:30 am of Sunday, April 15 Titanic Memorial Service right on the top of the wreckage site in the Atlantic Ocean (41.46 N, 50.14 W.) Monday, April 17 18:00 till 18:00 Tuesday, April 17, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Halifax the final resting place for150 people who perished in the disaster as recovery efforts was coordinated from Halifax and several vessels were dispatched to search for vessels. -
It's a CQD Old Man 41.46 North, 50.14 West
Page 1 of 34 It’s A CQD Old Man 41.46 North, 50.14 West By Samuel W. Halpern Note to the reader: This paper is a revised work of my original two-part article, “A Minute of Time,” first published in 2005 in the Titanic Historical Society’s Titanic Commutator.1 The article deals with the issue of the two CQD distress positions transmitted from Titanic by wireless on the night of the disaster. Items written in quotations between brackets […] are insertions by this author. In the footnotes of this article, the notation AI are references to page numbers in the transcripts of the American Inquiry into the loss of Titanic, while the notation BI are references to question numbers in the transcripts of the British Inquiry into the loss of Titanic. - SWH FOREWORD The author of this article has deftly drawn together the existing data and testimony to elegantly tie up the loose ends in this century old mystery of why the two CQD positions were so far west of the wreck site. As is still the case today, maritime disasters large and small are usually the result of a series of small missteps and oversights. In so thoroughly examining this portion of the Titanic story the author has outlined an entirely plausible error chain. That a misreading of the navigation watch and an easily made error in addition could contribute so much to the drama of April 14, 1912 is an important reminder to mariners today. Captain Peg Brandon Assistant Professor of Marine Transportation Maine Maritime Academy Castine, ME 04220, USA INTRODUCTION On the night of April 14, 1912 at 10:35 p.m., New York time, Carpathia’s wireless operator Harold Cottam decided to pick up his headphones to call up Titanic’s senior wireless operator Jack Phillips to tell him that there were messages waiting for him to pick up from Cape Cod. -
Navigational Inconsistencies of the Ss Californian
NAVIGATIONAL INCONSISTENCIES OF THE SS CALIFORNIAN by Samuel Halpern The Leyland Liner SS Californian began her sixth voyage under the command of Captain Stanley Lord on April 5th 1912. She was bound from London to Boston. Her planned route of travel would first take her from her berth at No. 24 Shed in the Royal Albert Dock in London to a point just off Bishop Rock (49° 52’ N, 6° 27’ W) at the westernmost tip of the Isles of Scilly, a distance of about 400 nautical miles. After taking departure off Bishop Rock, the official starting point of her transatlantic crossing, Californian would travel 1,734 nautical miles along a great circle route to a turning point in the North Atlantic known as “the corner” at 42° 00’ N, 47° 00’ W.1 From there she would go another 1,067 nautical miles on a fixed course heading of 271° true to the Boston Light Vessel located at a distance of about 15 miles from Boston’s famed Custom House. Arrival at the light vessel would mark the official end point of the transatlantic crossing. From the light vessel she then would go on to the Clyde Street pier of the Boston and Albany docks in East Boston. The planned route of the Californian as well as the planned route of the White Star Liner SS Titanic are shown in the diagram below. NAVIGATIONAL EVIDENCE AND INCONSISTENCIES Navigational evidence from the official logbook of the Californian was presented by Capt. Stanley Lord before the American Inquiry on April 26, 1912, and from both Capt. -
1 HOUR and 33 MINUTES – a TIME DIFFERENCE GONE WRONG by Samuel Halpern at Local Apparent Noon, Sunday, April 14 Th 1912, Tita
1 HOUR AND 33 MINUTES – A TIME DIFFERENCE GONE WRONG by Samuel Halpern At local apparent noon, Sunday, April 14th 1912, Titanic’s clocks would show exactly 12:00 noon. At that time Titanic had reached a longitude of about 44° 31’W having traveled 1549 nautical miles since taking departure outside of Queenstown harbor on Thursday, April 11. At that longitude on April 14th in 1912 local apparent noon occurred at 2:58 p.m. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Therefore, on that fateful Sunday, time on Titanic’s clocks, which were keeping what was called Apparent Time Ship (ATS), would have been 2 hours and 58 minutes behind GMT. This is the same as being 2 hour and 2 minutes ahead of clocks in New York and Washington since both those cities in 1912 were keeping mean time for the 75th meridian of west longitude, exactly 5 hours behind GMT, just as they do today. However, according to what Titanic’s Second Officer Joseph Boxhall told the US Senate Committee on April 29th 1912: “At 11.46 p.m., ship's time, it was 10.13 Washington time, or New York time.” This statement, if true, implied that clocks on Titanic were 1 hour and 33 minutes ahead of clocks in New York and Washington, or 3 hours 27 minutes behind clocks keeping GMT. This was not the first time that that particular difference between ATS and GMT showed up. Originally, that time difference first came to light in a wireless message from Captain Rostron of Carpathia to Captain Haddock of Olympic on Monday, April 15th when Haddock asked Rostron to send details about the loss of Titanic. -
Titanic: Voices from the Disaster
******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* COVER FRONTISPIECE TITLE PAGE DEDICATION FOREWORD DIAGRAM OF THE SHIP CHAPTER ONE — Setting Sail CHAPTER TWO — A Floating Palace CHAPTER THREE — A Peaceful Sunday CHAPTER FOUR — “Iceberg Right Ahead.” CHAPTER FIVE — Impact! CHAPTER SIX — In the Radio Room: “It’s a CQD OM.” CHAPTER SEVEN — A Light in the Distance CHAPTER EIGHT — Women and Children First CHAPTER NINE — The Last Boats CHAPTER TEN — In the Water CHAPTER ELEVEN — “She’s Gone.” CHAPTER TWELVE — A Long, Cold Night CHAPTER THIRTEEN — Rescue at Dawn ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* CHAPTER FOURTEEN — Aftermath: The End of All Hope EPILOGUE — Discovering the Titanic GLOSSARY PEOPLE IN THIS BOOK OTHER FAMOUS TITANIC FIGURES SURVIVOR LETTERS FROM THE CARPATHIA TITANIC TIMELINE BE A TITANIC RESEARCHER: FIND OUT MORE TITANIC FACTS AND FIGURES FROM THE BRITISH WRECK COMMISSIONER’S FINAL REPORT, 1912 TITANIC: THE LIFEBOAT LAUNCHING SEQUENCE REEXAMINED TITANIC Statistics: Who Lived and Who Died SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY SOURCE NOTES PHOTO CREDITS INDEX ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ABOUT THE AUTHOR ALSO BY THIS AUTHOR COPYRIGHT ******ebook converter DEMO Watermarks******* (Preceding image) The wreck of the Titanic. At 2:20 a.m. on Monday, April 15, 1912, the RMS Titanic, on her glorious maiden voyage from Southampton to New York, sank after striking an iceberg in the North Atlantic, killing 1,496 men, women, and children. A total of 712 survivors escaped with their lives on twenty lifeboats that had room for 1,178 people. -
Titanic and the Mystery Ship?
Titanic and the Mystery Ship: Mystery Solved David Dyer ©2008 Contents 1. New book, old controversy ................................................. 3 2. The stage .............................................................................. 3 3. The battle ............................................................................. 3 4. The real mystery .................................................................. 4 5. Which way should we look? ................................................ 4 6. The view from the Titanic.................................................... 5 7. The view from the Californian ............................................. 6 8. Attacking Lord Mersey......................................................... 6 9. Attacking Knapp’s map ........................................................ 8 10. The question of navigation .................................................. 9 11. A triangle of ships .............................................................. 11 12. The white rockets .............................................................. 13 13. The predicament of Lord and Stone ................................. 20 14. To thine own self be true .................................................. 22 He whistles down the speaking pipe to Captain Stanley 1. New book, old controversy Lord dozing in the chartroom below and tells him. The captain stays below. Stone tries to contact the other ship with the Morse lamp but can’t get a response, although One of the most perplexing and enduring controversies -
Contents at a Glance
Contents at a Glance Introduction ................................................................ 1 Part I: The Titanic: A Century of Legend ........................7 Chapter 1: Why the Titanic Endures ................................................................................9 Chapter 2: Building the Ship of Dreams ........................................................................19 Chapter 3: From Royalty to Rats: Who Sailed on the Titanic .....................................33 Chapter 4: Life Onboard: From Breakfast and Lunch to Steerage and Bunks ..........55 Part II: Tragedy at Sea: The Titanic Sinks on Its Maiden Voyage .................................................71 Chapter 5: Four Days of Smooth Sailing ........................................................................73 Chapter 6: The Collision and Sinking ............................................................................83 Chapter 7: Surviving the Sinking of the Titanic ............................................................99 Chapter 8: “I Was There”: Firsthand Accounts of the Sinking ..................................121 Chapter 9: How the World Learned about the Titanic’s Loss ...................................149 Chapter 10: Investigating the Titanic’s Demise ..........................................................163 Part III: Exploring Enduring Titanic Mysteries ............187 Chapter 11: Doomed from the Start? Studying What Went Wrong .........................189 Chapter 12: Lingering Questions about the Titanic’s Final Hours