Issue no. 75 | May 2017 The official Journal of the Kamra tal-Periti a p er Pos t N ews p DIADE by LUCEPLAN - A quality LED fitting with sound absorbing panels integrated into it’s design. Visual and acoustic comfort - combined. DEX The Architect May2017.indd 1 16/05/2017 16:17 The Architect adv - 280x280.indd 1 17/05/2017 14:53

contents 12

PRACTICE 04 4 Editorial 5 KTP News 19 6-9 People & Projects 10 EU Desk 11 Saces FEATURE 12 22 12-15 DIN L-ART HELWA AWARDs 16-17 Industrial Heritage 18 EFAP 19 SANCTUARIES OF THE SOUL 18 16 current 20 20 LEGAL 21 REVIEW / COMPETITION 22 INTERNATIONAL EVENTS

“L’architettura deve cantare” Mario Pisani (see pages 12-15)

May 2017 the architect 3

The Architect adv - 280x280.indd 1 17/05/2017 14:53 THE PROFESSIONAL CENTRE SLIEMA ROAD

& The politics GZIRA GZR 06 - MALTA TEL./FAX. (+356) 2131 4265 EMAIL: [email protected] EDiToriAl of space WEBSITE: www. ktpmalta.org

To support members of the profession in achieving excellence in their As Malta is plunged into an early election campaign, to understand the impacts that the state of our built practice of architecture and engineering in the interest of the community it is clear that the political debate has been taken environment is having on our communities, and how over by one main issue: the credibility and ability of it is affecting social justice. We must acknowledge The Council of the Kamra tal-Periti for the year 2017 either of the main parties to lead the country. Other that the way we shape both our natural and built consists of Perit Alex Torpiano, President; Perit Simone Vella Lenicker, Vice President; Perit Amber Wismayer, Honorary equally important issues have not featured much in environment has long-lasting effects on our quality Secretary; Perit Chris Mintoff, Past President; Jeanette this campaign, the built environment being one of of life, and particularly on the most vulnerable mem- Abela, Periti Anthony Bezzina, Sandro Cini, David Felice, them. bers of our society. Alberto Miceli Farrugia, Lara Mifsud, Andre Pizzuto. The Architect is the official journal of the Kamra Tal-Periti. This year marks the 10th anniversary from the pub- I borrow, here, the words of Richard Rogers: “When It is published on a quarterly basis and distributed with the lication of The Urban Challenge – Our Quality of Life public space is eroded, our civic culture suffers, even MaltaToday newspaper. The Architect is not to be sold separately. and the Built Environment, the Kamra tal-Periti’s semi- our democracy.” Politics and public space have an The contents of this journal are copyright. Reproduction in part or in full is forbidden without the permission of the editor. nal position paper outlining its vision in this sector. It intimate relationship – both deal with public life, The opinions expressed by writers of signed articles and is therefore opportune to take a look back, and put the relationships we have with others, how we live letters appearing in the magazine are those of their respective together a mini-manifesto, which whoever makes it together. Public spaces are the stage of public life; authors, and neither the Kamra Tal-Periti nor MediaToday Co. Ltd is responsible for these opinions or statements. through the political foray of the coming days would they are the places where we meet to protest, to cel- do well to heed and implement, because we cannot ebrate, to meet and to trade. We must ensure that our Editor: Simone vella lenicker afford to make any more mistakes where it comes to public spaces sustain our quality of life. Consulting Editor: Conrad thake the built environment. This leads me to the issue of governance. We all Design: kevin grech Sales: adriana farrugia Tel: 21 382 741 ext. 126 Primarily, we need a serious long-term vision which expect our politicians to ensure that they give us assesses our carrying capacity and which determines heaven on earth, that they listen to each and every Printed at: print it printing Services where we want to place our country in the coming whine, and centre their policies around the individ- published by: years. This vision must take into account both our ual’s needs. Yet politics is wider than that. It includes spatial resources, as well as other matters such as public consultation, it needs public participation, and climate change, resource management, pollution, today I firmly believe that it must also rely on respon- infrastructural upgrades and the natural environ- sible citizenship. Each and every one of us, and here I address my fellow professionals, must take a good, Vjal ir-Rihan, San Gwann SGN 4016, Malta ment, the latter being the main victim of our race to Tel: +356 21 382 741, Fax: +356 21 381 992 build more and more intensely. We cannot afford to long and deep look inside and question: what have Email: [email protected] continue to plan in an ad hoc manner, depending on I done to ensure that my interventions in the built the whims of individuals who come forward with a environment have left it better than I found it? How proposed project. Planning is about leading and clear have I contributed to improving the quality of life, not direction, not about following and haphazardness. only of my clients, but also of neighbouring residents ISSUE NO. 75 | MAY 2017 THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KAMRA TAL-PERITI We also urgently need a National Architecture and users? Policy, Malta being one of the few European countries All construction activities have an impact on the not to have one. The recent EFAP conference hosted public, and therefore all actors in the sector must in Malta (see page 18) highlighted this fact, and gave think beyond their own needs and act also in the the Kamra tal-Periti the added impetus to push for public interest. Good design is about creating places this more strongly. The setting up of Design Review that are functional, durable, viable, suitable for peo- Panels would complement this, by providing a system ple to use, and that reflect the importance of local of peer review which ensures that we begin to assess character and distinctiveness. projects on the basis of quality, and in particular on The profession must lead by acknowledging the their contribution to their surrounding context. role it plays in all this. Shaping a quality built environ- In his Encyclical “Laudato Sì”, Pope Francis states: ment is a privilege as much as it is an obligation, and

“I urgently appeal, then, for a new dialogue about we must enter into a more intimate dialogue with our POST NEWSPAPER how we are shaping the future of our planet. We politicians to forge a better politics of space. need a conversation that includes everyone, since COVER: the environment challenge we are undergoing, and Cittadella Visitor’s Centre in Gozo, by Martin Xuereb & Associates - Silver Medal, DLH Awards its human roots, concern and affect us all.” This dec- Simone Vella Lenicker (see pages 12-15) laration could not hit home more closely – we need Editor

4 the architect MaY 2017 KTP News &

Environment and KTP NEWS Development Planning Standing Committee Consultation Process In a letter to the Parliamentary Secretary for Planning, the Kamra tal- Periti (Chamber of Architects and Civil Engineers) referred to the Development Planning Act enacted in 2016, and in particular to the procedures estab- lished therein regarding revisions to the Spatial Strategy and to Subsidiary Plans and Local Plans, which require that the Parliamentary Standing Committee for the Environment and Development Planning is consulted on such revisions during the same period as the Planning Authority carries out consultation with the general public. The Committee is required to give its comments on the revisions during the same public consul- tation period. The Kamra tal-Periti stressed that, for tem that had been in place for a number to be a natural tendency in the Maltese applications which are subject to EIAs, the Committee to be truly effective and of years. The new GeoServer provides property development sector to function among other things by indicating why representative, it should have at its dis- significant functionality, and will also in this manner. The grey areas in these a plan/policy is referred to as the basis position the outcome of the public con- allow for the sharing of data gathered two regulations can be easily avoided, if of the decision or why 'any other mate- sultation while considering the proposed by other departments and authorities. SEAs are more detailed. rial consideration' is considered as more revisions. This would aid the Committee The Kamra tal-Periti congratulates the Among other things, the proposed important than the plan/policy. This is in considering, reviewing and under- Planning Authority on the launch of its Regulations talk about the power of the particularly important in cases where standing better the proposal and the new portal, particularly in view of its Environment and Resources Authority ERA is not favourable to the proposal. reactions to the proposed changes by speed and the upgraded graphic repre- (ERA) to request the Planning Authority The Kamra also stated its opinion that the public who, after all, these Members sentation of data. (PA) to refuse, dismiss, withhold, or the proposed changes require additional of Parliament are elected to represent. restrict permission, for a range of rea- resources within the ERA, in particular The Kamra tal-Periti suggested that the EIA Regulations sons. A ‘request’ is not an ‘advice’, and regarding monitoring obligations. It is necessary amendments are effected to Last March, the Kamra tal-Periti partici- therefore this is giving additional powers therefore important that Government the Development Planning Act, such pated in the then ongoing consultation to the ERA which would strengthen the recognises the additional onus being that the consultation process with the process regarding amendments to the environmental protection of our national placed on ERA and ensures that it is Parliamentary Standing Committee is Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) territory. The Kamra tal-Periti welcomed adequately resourced to meet its obliga- carried out after the public consulta- regulations. The Kamra tal-Periti is of the this approach, however it is concerned tions. Finally, the Kamra noted that these tion process, and recommended that the opinion that the proposed amendments about how the corresponding regula- proposed changes need to be properly Committee is to be presented with a are generally positive, aiming to give tions regarding the planning process explained to the profession, and there- copy of all the submissions made by the clearer direction and focus, and should would be impacted by this change. Do fore it invited the ERA to set up an infor- public. result in better protection of our built the regulations governing the PA require mation session, in collaboration with the and natural environment. It comment- amendment to cater for this change? It Kamra, in order to ensure that the profes- PA GeoServer ed on the issue of salami-slicing, stat- is imperative than any conflicting legis- sion is kept up to date on these matters. The Planning Authority has recently ing that it is difficult for one to decide lative provisions are addressed prior to launched a new online geographic infor- whether a project is subdivided with an promulgation of the new regulations. Membership 2017 mation system (GIS) that allows users to malicious purpose or whether a series of In particular, the Development Planning Periti are reminded to renew their access planning data in a fast, efficient project proposals in a specific location Act should be amended in a manner that membership for 2017. If you have not yet and user-friendly manner, particular would have been made in a piecemeal requires the PA to justify in detail both submitted your membership fee, kindly when compared with the previous sys- way genuinely, given that there seems refusals and approvals of development do so at your earliest convenience.

May 2017 the architect 5 CommonwEalth daY 2017 a pEaCE-building CommonwEalth

& On the occasion of Commonwealth Day 2017, which was celebrated on the 13 March, the President of the Commonwealth Association of Architects, Vincent Cassar, issued a statement to all Member Organisations. He spoke about the theme ‘A peace-building Commonwealth’ and the displaced, and to enable affected peo-

PEoPlE & ProjEcTS PEoPlE said that “this is appropriate and impor- ple to determine, with dignity, the course tant when considering the ever increas- of their lives and their futures. ing instability and uncertainty in the Let us hope that the theme of this day will world.” He made reference to the state- be kept in our minds, not only throughout ment by the Rt Hon Patricia Scotland, 2017, but also in years to come and that Commonwealth Secretary-General, who through our actions we will contribute described the Commonwealth as “a fam- to a peaceful Commonwealth and more ily of nations in its rich diversity (which) importantly to a peaceful world.” becomes an ever more-needed source of strength and hope for all its members”. pritZkEr priZE 2017 The following is an extract from President On the 1st of March 2017, Tom Pritzker, Cassar’s message: Chairman of Hyatt Foundation, which “The Commonwealth Charter expresses sponsors the award that is known inter- the commitment of Member States to unique levels of devastation in cities, as do nationally as architecture’s highest hon- the development of free and democratic severe storms and floods. But urban areas our, announced that Rafael Aranda, Carme societies and the promotion of peace and can also offer sanctuary for the majority of Pigem and Ramon Vilalta have been prosperity to improve the lives of all peo- internally displaced people and refugees. selected as the 2017 Pritzker Architecture ples of the Commonwealth. The Charter Urbanisation intersects with climate Prize Laureates. also acknowledges the role of civil society change, natural disasters, conflict and dis- The three architects, originating from in supporting the goals and values of the placement. It is a critical lens through Olot, in the Catalonian region of Spain, Commonwealth. which to review national and interna- have worked together collaboratively The 2016 Global Peace Index highlighted tional efforts to prevent, prepare for and since founding their firm RCR Arquitectes, the continuing deterioration in the over- Vincent Cassar, President CAA respond to crisis, conflict and disasters. in their hometown in 1988. Their work all global levels of peace. Among the being of society and to the quality of life Moreover, displacement, conflict and demonstrates an unyielding commitment 163 countries mapped, it found a widen- of our citizens. natural disasters are increasingly becom- to place and its narrative, to create spaces ing gap between the most and the least Quality designs and buildings contribute ing an urban phenomena. These issues that are in discourse with their respective peaceful. Of the index’s chosen indicators to a better society and thus to a better generate new challenges and in order to contexts. Harmonising materiality with “the impact of terrorism” and “political world and more importantly to a better address such issues a number of initiatives transparency, Aranda, Pigem and Vilalta instability” showed the sharpest decline. and peaceful world. Our designs come at an international level have emerged. seek connections between the exterior The report attributes the global deterio- in different forms and at different times It is of interest to note that CAA has and interior, resulting in emotional and ration to conflicts in the Middle East and during the development of the urban recently joined the Global Alliance for experiential architecture. North Africa and the associated interna- fabric; either in the design of new build- Urban Cities which is a global, multi-dis- Tom Pritzker remarked that “The jury has tional repercussions. ings or renovation of buildings in exist- ciplinary and collaborative community of selected three architects who have been The number of refugees and displaced ing towns and cities or in the design of practice. It is a ‘network of networks’ work- working collaboratively for nearly three persons doubled between 2007 and 2015 new settlements following war or conflict. ing to prevent, prepare for and effectively decades. Mr. Aranda, Ms. Pigem and Mr. to nearly 60 million, accounting for more Spontaneous construction and a lack of respond to humanitarian crises in urban Vilalta have had an impact on the disci- than 10% of the population in nine coun- strong civil governance are symptomatic settings. Its first milestone for progress pline far beyond their immediate area. tries. The Commonwealth Association of of post-conflict cities. The role for archi- was the Habitat III held in October 2016. Their works range from public and private Architects is one of more than 80 intergov- tects and architecture in addressing these The Alliance promotes a vision of inclu- spaces to cultural venues and educational ernmental, professional and civil society challenges is crucial. sive, safe, resilient, and sustainable cities institutions, and their ability to intensely organisations within the Commonwealth Rapid and often unplanned urbanisation and towns (as laid out in the 2030 Agenda relate the environment specific to each family that can proactively engage with, continues unabated and this is aggravat- for Sustainable Development) in which site is a testament to their process and and contribute towards, the pursuit and ing the impacts of a range of natural and urban communities, their leaders and deep integrity.” strengthening of peace through their man-made disasters. Armed conflict and members have the power, capacities and Mr. Aranda, Ms. Pigem and Mr. Vilalta work. As architects, we have a special the use of explosive weapons in densely resources to address the risks and reality represent the first time that three archi- place in all this as through our designs populated areas cause death and inju- of humanitarian crises, to mitigate crisis tects together are honoured with the and buildings we contribute to the well ry amongst civilians; earthquakes inflict impacts on the most vulnerable, including prize. Their intensely collaborative way

6 the architect MaY 2017 c ts & e o p l e & roj pe

Bell–Lloc Winery, 2007, Palamós, Girona, Spain. Photo by Hisao Suzuki El Petit Comte Kindergarten, 2010, Besalú, Girona, Spain In collaboration with J. Puigcorbé. Photo by Hisao Suzuki.

La Lira Theater Public Open Space, 2011, Ripoll, Girona, Spain In collaboration with J. Puigcorbé. Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem and Ramon Vilalta. Photo by Javier Lorenzo Domínguez. Photo by Hisao Suzuki. in 1996. In response to being named the together in everything we do, are recog- of working together, where the creative this year’s award. As the winners of the 2017 Laureates of the Pritzker Prize, Ms. nised.” process, commitment to vision and all 39th edition of the Prize, it is the second Pigem stated, “It is a great joy and a great The locally-based architects evoke uni- responsibilities are shared equally, led to time that laureates hail from Spain, follow- responsibility. We are thrilled that this versal identity through their creative and the selection of the three individuals for ing Rafael Moneo who received the award year three professionals, who work closely extensive use of modern materials includ-

May 2017 the architect 7 c ts & e o p l e & roj pe

European Heritage Label - the 25 pre-selected sites

Soulages Museum, 2014, Rodez, France In collaboration with G. Trégouët. Photo by Hisao Suzuki.

ing recycled steel and plastic. “They’ve fear that because of this international demonstrated that unity of a material can influence… we will lose our local values, lend such incredible strength and simplic- our local art, and our local customs… ity to a building,” says Glenn Murcutt, Jury Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem and Ramon Chair. “The collaboration of these three Vilalta tell us that it may be possible to architects produces uncompromising have both. They help us to see, in a most architecture of a poetic level, representing beautiful and poetic way, that the answer timeless work that reflects great respect to the question is not ‘either/or’ and that for the past, while projecting clarity that we can, at least in architecture, aspire to is of the present and the future.” As such, have both; our roots firmly in place and an early 20th century foundry has become our arms outstretched to the rest of the their office, Barberí Laboratory (2007), and world.” In 2013, Aranda, Pigem and Vilalta many remnants of the original building founded RCR BUNKA Foundation to sup- have remained, blended with highly con- port architecture, landscape, arts and cul- trasting, new elements, which were added ture throughout society. They have been only where essential. consultant architects to the Natural Park every day. All the sites on the European European dimension. Notable projects include La Cuisine of the Volcanic Zone of La Garrotxa since Heritage Label list promote these values More information on www.ec.europa.eu Art Center (Nègrepelisse, France, 2014), 1989. Much of their work may be seen and remind us of all those who fought to Soulages Museum in collaboration with throughout Catalonia, Spain and greater establish and preserve them. I look for- European Year of Cultural G. Trégouët (Rodez, France, 2014), La Lira Europe. They remain based in Olot. ward to celebrating the sites that will be Heritage 2018 Theater Public Open Space in collabora- added to the list during the European Year At the end of April, the European tion with J. Puigcorbé (Ripoll, Girona, European Heritage Label of Cultural Heritage in 2018." Parliament paved the way for 2018 to be Spain, 2011), Les Cols restaurant mar- The European Commission has received The European Heritage Label is a the European Year of Cultural Heritage. quee (Olot, Girona, Spain, 2011), El Petit 25 proposals from 19 Member States for European Union initiative that raises The main aims of this year will be to Comte Kindergarten in collaboration with sites to be awarded the European Heritage awareness of sites significant to Europe's encourage people to explore Europe's J. Puigcorbé (Besalú, Girona, Spain, 2010), Label. A panel of experts is now analysing history, culture and development. rich and diverse cultural heritage, to cel- Bell-Lloc Winery (Palamós, Girona, Spain, all the applications and the selected sites The procedure for awarding sites con- ebrate, understand and protect its unique 2007), Sant Antoni - Joan Oliver Library, will be designated by the Commission sists of two stages taking place every value, and to reflect on the place that Senior Citizen’s Center and Cándida Pérez early in 2018. Commissioner for Education, two years. Sites are proposed by coun- cultural heritage occupies in all our lives. Gardens (Barcelona, Spain, 2007), and Culture, Youth and Sport, Tibor Navracsics, tries and then a final selection is carried European cultural heritage allows us to Tossol-Basil Athletics Track (Olot, Girona, said "The celebrations marking the 60th out by a European Panel of independent understand the past and to look to our Spain, 2000). anniversary of the Treaties of Rome last experts, under the responsibility of the future. By highlighting cultural heritage The 2017 Pritzker Prize Jury Citation month were a powerful reminder that Commission. The panel assesses the sites in 2018, EU will emphasise how it builds states, in part: “we live in a globalised the European Union is built on values using the criteria laid down for the label. stronger societies, how it creates jobs and world where we must rely on interna- such as peace, freedom, tolerance, soli- Most important for a site's selection is prosperity, its importance for our relations tional influences, trade, discussion, trans- darity. These values must not be taken its European significance and the activi- with the rest of the world, and what can actions, etc. But more and more people for granted, we have to work for them ties that it has planned to highlight its be done to protect it.

8 the architect May 2017 ously addressed. The UIA recognises the importance of the contribution by female Architects to the profession of architecture and the built environment. The UIA com- mits to establish the UIA Gender Equity in Architecture Policy, which sets out the framework and principles designed to maximise fair and equitable access to opportunities for female Architects and to realise the goal of equitable practice. PEoPlE & ProjEcTS PEoPlE mil-lEnti tiEgĦEk #tritoni The Ministry for Transport and Infrastructure is currently undertaking a project for the restoration of the Tritons’ Fountain outside Valletta, and has issued a call for members of the public to submit any photos they may have of the fountain, both recent and historical. These photos khartoum dEClaration will be used in publications, exhibitions on gEndEr EQuitY in and events relating to the restoration arChitECturE project. Further details are available at Drafted by Pei Ing TAN (Malaysia), the www.socialdialogue.gov.mt. Khartoum Declaration on Gender Equity in Architecture was adopted by the mem- bers of the UIA Professional Practice Commission (PPC), during its meet- letters to the Editor ing held in Khartoum, Sudan, on 16-17 February 2017, and the 130th UIA Council Letters from our readers to be considered for publication are most welcome. Letters for session, Seoul (Korea) on 3-4 March 2017. inclusion in Issue 76 are to reach us by the The declaration states: 30 July 2017. Please write to: The Editor, “the The UIA aims to promote the culture Architect”, Kamra tal-Periti, The Professional of inclusion within the profession and Centre, Sliema Road, Gzira GZR 1633, or send an email to [email protected]. All contributions will be recognises that gender disparity in the acknowledged. architectural profession needs to be seri- SUSTAINABLE EUROPEAN FUTURE cOM (2016) 739: cOMMiSSiON cOMMUNicatiON NeXt StePS FOr a SUStaiNaBLe eUrOPeaN FUtUre

Sustainable development has since long peaceful societies, social inclusion nal action and between these will launch reflection work been at the heart of the European proj- and environmental responsibility is at and its other policies. The EU's on further developing our ect. The EU Treaties give recognition to the essence of sustainable development. answer to the 2030 UN Agenda longer term vision and the its economic, social and environmental The EU has a strong starting position on Sustainable Development focus of sectoral policies dimensions which should be addressed and track record, with a high level of will include two work streams. after 2020, preparing for together. The EU is committed to economic development, social cohe- The first work stream, presented the long term implementa- development that meets the needs of sion, democratic societies and a com- in this Communication, is to fully inte- tion of the SDGs. The new Multiannual the present without compromising the mitment to sustainable development grate the SDGs in the European policy Financial Framework beyond 2020 will ability of future generations to meet which is firmly anchored in the European framework and current Commission pri- also reorient the EU budget's contribu- their own needs. A life of dignity for all Treaties. The Treaty on European Union orities, assessing where we stand tions towards the achievement of the within the planet's limits that reconciles requires the Union to ensure consistency and identifying the most relevant EU's long-term objectives. economic prosperity and efficiency, between the different areas of its exter- sustainability concerns. A second track Source: MEUSAC

MaY 2017 the architect 9 THE ARCHITECTURAL PROFESSION IN

EU DESK EUROPE 2016 – ACE SECTOR STUDY The fifth edition of the Sector Study of the Architects’ Council of Europe (ACE) shows that the profession may be returning to something nearer normality, after the 2008 economic crisis, and reveals positive prospects for the profession.

The Sector Study is a biennial survey commis- sioned by the ACE that collects and analyses statistical, sociological and economic data on European architects, the architectural market and architectural practices. Results are pre- sented in the form of charts, tables and maps, accompanied by explanatory texts. Country factsheets present all data collected on each country covered by the Study. Based on responses from 27,000 architects in 27 European countries, the 2016 edition of the Study has been enriched with new research areas, making it, without doubt, the most com- prehensive study on the architectural profes- sion in Europe and an essential reference tool Main employment fields by country for all those interested in the architectural 40, and half are aged under 45. The age pro- by the United Kingdom (€2.2 billion) and Italy distinctly more positive than it has been in any profession and the built environment. file rises steeply through the younger ages, (€1.8 billion). The Maltese market is reported to of the previous surveys. The ‘balance’ figure of The previous edition of ‘the Architect’ pre- peaking at age 35 to 44. The distribution then be €9.6 million. +8 represents the difference between the pro- sented a general overview of the findings of drops off, more gradually. Countries with high According to the Survey, 48% of work under- portion of architects who expect an increase this Survey. Here we take a more in depth look proportions of younger architects include taken by Periti in Malta is related to residential in their workloads and the proportion who at the results with a particular focus on Malta. Turkey, Poland, Cyprus, Malta (58%), Portugal projects, 26% to offices, 8% to retail projects, expect workloads to fall. The relatively modest Malta has 1.5 periti per 1000 population, and Spain. 2% industrial, 1% related to health, and the balance figure – albeit the highest since the which is one of the highest rates within the The total value of the European construc- remaining 15% to varied private and public survey began in 2008 - disguises the fact that EU. Slovakia and Bulgaria have only 0.3 archi- tion market (‘EUROPE - 32’) is estimated to projects. Periti reported that 39% of their cli- 18 out of 27 countries record positive ‘balance’ tects per 1000 population, while Italy has the be worth €1,939 billion in 2016. This includes ents are private individuals, 30% are develop- figures of +15 or more. Furthermore, only two highest density at 2.6. The EU average is of 1 civil engineering and infrastructure work. As ers, 19% are companies, 6% are government countries recorded a negative ‘balance’ figure architect per 1000 population. in previous years, four countries - the UK, entities, and 6% are other public entities. this year, namely Italy (‘balance’ figure of -13) 36% of Maltese Periti are female, which com- France, Germany and Italy - account for more 45% of services provided by Periti are related and the UK (-5). The negative prospects for the pares well with the EU average of 38%. In than half of Europe’s total construction output. to building design (compared to EU average of UK probably reflect uncertainty in the lead up four countries, Croatia, Bulgaria, Finland and Significant volumes of construction work are 62%), 2% to landscape design (identical to EU to Brexit, since the Survey was carried out prior Slovenia, there are more female architects than also recorded in Spain and the Netherlands. average), 7% to interior design, 1% is related to the Brexit decision. Neighbouring Ireland, males. When measured per head of the general pop- to feasibility studies, 15% to project manage- by contrast, reports the highest positive ‘bal- According to the Survey, 82% of Maltese ulation, highest values per head are recorded ment, 3% to certification, and 10% to other ance’ figure, of +59. Ireland’s’ balance figure is Periti are in full-time employment, while 16% in Luxembourg, Norway and Switzerland. services. 17% of services provided by Periti well ahead of that in any other country; the are in part-time employment. The highest Malta’s construction market was estimated at are related to property valuations, compared next highest balance figures are in the mid proportions of architects not working are in €1,945 million. to the EU average of 2%, a clear reflection of thirties, reported by Cyprus, Spain and Portugal, each with a report- The total value of the architectural market in one aspect of the profession that is reserved to architects in Malta, Romania and Slovakia, fol- ed unemployment rate of 7% or more. the 27 surveyed countries is estimated to be Periti in the local context. lowed by a balance of around +30 in Sweden 39% of Malta’s Periti described themselves as €15.6 billion in 2016. This relates to the total 54% of work undertaken by Periti in Malta is and the Netherlands. “salaried in private practice”, 16% as sole prin- value of the revenue generated by the profes- related to new build work, while 46% is related The image reproduced here gives a snapshot cipal, partner, director or associate, while 34% sion. This year’s Europe-32 figure is 12% higher to refurbishment of existing properties. This is of the profession at European level in terms indicated that they work with central govern- than in 2014, and is the highest figure record- to be compared to the EU average of 41% of of the main employment fields by country. In ment, local authorities, in the education sector ed since 2008. Most countries have seen an new build work, and 59% of work related to the next issue of ‘the Architect’ we will delve and other public entities. increase between 2014 and 2016. The largest refurbishment works. further into the results of the Survey. The full 36% of Europe’s architects are aged under market is in Germany (€5.0 billion), followed The mood amongst architects in the EU is study can be viewed on www.ace-cae.eu.

10 the architect May 2017 STRIP — rethinking SA C ES our routes

by Sephora Schembri questions directed both at the panel and the the importance of sustainability would help audience throughout the debate. This article change the mentality and consciousness of ‘STRIP — rethinking our routes’ was a debate compiles the speakers’ and students’ opinions how we look at and treat the environment. organised by KSU in collaboration with SACES expressed during and after this debate. We as democratic citizens need to think criti- This will impact our generation more than it during Nature Week held between the 6th The debate started off by questioning what cally about our current state and take initia- will the current one. It is our job as the next and 12th February. sustainability is, which led to multiple ques- tive instead of letting people of a higher generation of the working society to push our The debate was focused on bringing forward tions and opinions - sustainability is a word state decide for us. There needs to be better questioning further. We cannot be passive the concept of sustainability and how we per- which has been overused and abused and by communication between the public and the when confronted with these problems, every ceive this in relation to our environment and time it has lost its meaning. industry. The industry has become too selfish individual has their own role in society but it to our economy, redirecting the path towards Although sustainability requires that the to wonder what the people will actually feel is our common obligation to do our part in which Malta's built environment is head- needs of future generations are considered in and think once they have taken over commu- fixing it.” We need to question whether we are ing. It was aimed at creating a conversation all decisions made, it seems that the current nity spaces. The industry, in a rush to progress planning at all and if the law is being enforced between students at the University of Malta as vision is rather short sighted. In order to thor- with development, chooses the faster and in the right ways. well as the public, to come forward and seek oughly understand sustainability and make a easier way out to do things, resulting in a Our attitude needs to change if we really answers to their questions. The speakers on difference, one has to take a holistic approach more negative impact on the environment. want to live sustainably. Our existing road the panel were Prof. Alex Torpiano, Sebastian to it. We need to first understand and grasp a Matthew Scerri, a masters student from the infrastructure, for example, is not bicycle Tanti Burlo’, Ralph Cassar from Alternattiva whole vision of how to be more sustainable Faculty of the Built Environment said, “It is friendly, which makes it harder to attract Demokratika, and Perit Sandro Valentino. The instead of just looking at individual problems. our role (primarily as University students) to cyclists and is less safe than the properly moderator was Becky Micallef who asked Educating people from a young age about think, analyse and understand the problems. designed routes found in other countries. We need to find our own solutions to improve our transport system and make it more sustain- able, such as carpooling. Rethinking how we design spaces would make an impact on how energy is used. Malta, being small, has its own challenges. We do not have large cities, where there is significant physical separation between, for instance the commercial area and the industrial area. We do not have the city culture of external spaces, the culture of walking, and therefore we use transport almost for no reason. By the end of the debate it was agreed that these matters should be part of our social responsibility, and not just a topic to discuss. We need to educate our society and question how we can live with less, stop demanding more and utilise well what we presently have. Prof. Torpiano concluded the discussion by quoting from the Encyclical penned by Pope Francis, Laudato Si’: “We need to grow in the conviction that a decrease in the pace of production and consumption can at times give rise to another form of progress and development.” We need to recognise that it is an issue of the future.

May 2017 the architect 11 r ds wa DIN L-ART HELWA AWARDS FOR ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE 2016

D L H A Last January, Din l-Art Ħelwa announced ments of the collachio area, the removal of est way, and was described as a “stroke of tion process, features which were hitherto the winners of the 2016 edition of its all cables from the facades, the re-routing genius” by the judges, earning it a Diploma unknown have been uncovered, adding Award for Architectural Heritage, which of all infrastructural services underground, in this Category. considerably to the understanding of its were presided over by Her Excellency the and the repaving of the streets and open Another Diploma was awarded to the historical development, also due to the President of Malta, Dr Marie Louise Coleiro spaces in a sensitive manner, creating visi- Salina Rehabilitation Project, which saw archaeological research undertaken. One Preca. tor trails in the process. the rehabilitation of the Knights’ period of the major interventions was the struc- As in the past years, the Award was organ- The Prix d’Honneur was awarded to the salt pans at Salina and the wetlands around tural consolidation of the north-eastern ised with the support of the Kamra tal-Peri- Cittadella Visitor Centre, undertaken by them. This project involved a multi-disci- rock face of the peninsula, involving the ti, which nominated Dr Conrad Thake as its Martin Xuereb & Associates. This project plinary team to work on its various aspects, design of a proprietary steel mesh system representative on the jury. The other judg- saw the transformation of the former res- which included the establishment of an for this purpose. New life has been injected es were Dr Antonio Mollicone from the ervoirs into a state-of-the art visitor’s inter- interpretation centre for raising aware- into this iconic monument, which has wit- University of Malta, Din l-Art Ħelwa Council pretation centre for the Cittadella. The ness on the cultural and natural heritage nessed most of the major historic events Member Perit Joanna Spiteri Staines, and judges were impressed by the choice of of the Salina Salt Pans and the age-old of the island, up to its recent abandon and Architetto Mario Pisani who came over materials and the detailing in the design, traditions of salt production. The diploma vandalisation. The restoration and con- from Italy to take part in the judging. as well as the creative solutions to improve was presented to Periti Ray Farrugia, Alex servation project has had to respect the In her opening address, Din l-Art Ħelwa the overall legibility of the site, and the Cutajar, Jean Frendo, John Valentino, Mark materials and technologies from all the President Maria Grazia Cassar explained visitor experience. This could be seen in Azzopardi, Janice Borg and Ing. Andrew ages, which can now be appreciated in all that “from its inception in 2005, this annu- the original shoring up of the breach that Vella. its splendour. al competition has grown; actually, the was made in the curtain wall in the 1950’s, The jury decided to award the Prix The Prix d’Honneur in this Category was importance and relevance of restoration while allowing access when necessary. This d’Honneur in this category to the proj- awarded to The Restoration Directorate, and conservation in Malta has grown, as intervention involved the restoration of ect called “Rapprochement” by Matthew for the Restoration and Consolidation could be witnessed when viewing the vast the old entry gate to the Cittadella, and the James Mercieca Design Architects. The jury of the Mdina Fortifications. This project number of winning projects which were re-design of the access paths, including felt that the re-integration of a series of has finally come to terms with problems on display last May at the Retrospective the installation of a lift. old structures in a village house to cre- and dangers that had been long noticed, Photographic Exhibition which we organ- ate a contemporary home which revolved but ignored. It was an act of courage to ised at the Foyer of the Parliament Building. Category B – Rehabilitation around them, was an interesting philoso- take the bull by the horns and resolve We also plan to re-stage this exhibition for and Re-Use of Buildings phy to adopt. The new elements, in partic- them before embarking on restoration of Valletta 2018, adding on the other winners There were five entries in this Category. ular the suspended central staircase, are of a more cosmetic nature. President Maria as well. It was no easy task for the Jury, as The restoration of Villa Castro, an impos- an extremely good design, with attention Grazia Cassar addressed the Restoration the standard and quality of the projects ing 18th century home, and an unusual to detail in every aspect. Directorate and said, “You will allow me was extremely high; however, the criteria modern extension built to screen the hid- to say that this project has saved the of best practice, originality, and relevance eous party wall of a block of flats which Category C – Restoration and City of Mdina for us, and the Restoration to the Maltese context were kept upper- were built in what used to be its garden Conservation of Buildings Directorate Team is to be admired for their most when making the selection.” next door was submitted by Architecture There were three projects in this Category. determination and stamina in bringing this The following is in an overview of the Project, and was considered to be “a very One, submitted by Architecture XV, was gargantuan project to a successful close.” various projects submitted, and the win- clever intervention” by the judges. the restoration of the Dragonara and ning projects. The Malta Postal Museum in Valletta, Merkanti Gates which grace the entrance Silver Medal designed by Patrick Calleja, was also a to the Hotel and Casino. These two impos- The Silver Medal is awarded to the proj- Category A – Major candidate in this category, and scored all ing examples of 19th century architecture ect that is singled out over all the others. Regeneration Project the boxes for a well-executed project that were a challenge to restore and conserve, Cassar stated that “As you can see, this There were two entries in this Category. rehabilitated a 19th century house bring- displaying severe deterioration. The histor- year was a particularly difficult choice, It was decided to award the Diploma in ing it back to its original unity and re-using ical research and sensibility of the conser- however, to quote Mario Pisani’s words this Category to the Birgu Regeneration it as a highly attractive museum. vation methods adopted were exemplary. during our deliberations over the winners, Project, by the Restoration Directorate. One project which provided the “ele- The Diploma in this Category is awarded “l’architettura deve cantare”. The project This involved not just the restoration of the ment of surprise” the judges were looking to Fort St Angelo Heritage Experience, by that “sang out to us”, was the Cittadella architectural fabric of the fortified enceinte, for, was provided by the project called Heritage Malta with Design and Technical Visitor’s Centre in Gozo, by Martin Xuereb but also the recovery of previously inacces- “Lapsi Extension”, where a new floor was Resources Ltd. This extensive and complex & Associates.” sible areas, the rehabilitation of the ditch built over an existing vernacular building. project has seen the painstaking removal The Kamra tal-Periti congratulates all the into a recreational and cultural area, the Designed by Karl Ebejer, this simple but of accretions and recent modifications participants for the high quality of work introduction of a new lighting system for effective solution distinguishes between which impaired the legibility of the Fort. submitted, and in particular extends its the fortifications, and the main monu- the old and the new in an elegant and hon- Through the restoration and conserva- appreciation to all the winners.

12 the architect May 2017 DIN L-ART HELWA AWARDS FOR ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE 2016 r ds wa D L H A

Birgu Regeneration Project Villa Castro Cittadella Visitors’ Centre Awarded Diploma in Category A Project by: Architecture Project Awarded Overall Silver Medal and Prix d’Honneur in Category A Project by: Restoration Directorate Images by: Alex Attard Project by: Martin Xuereb & Associates Images by: Restoration Directorate Images by: Martin Xuereb & Associates

May 2017 the architect 13 r ds wa D L H A

Dragonara and Merkanti Gate Fort St Angelo Lapsi Extension Awarded Diploma in Category B Project by: Architecture XV Awarded Diploma in Category C Project by: Karl Ebejer Images by: Architecture XV Project by: Heritage Malta with Design and Technical Resources Ltd Images by: Analise Farrugia Images by: Therese Debono

14 the architect May 2017 r ds wa D L H A

Malta Postal Museum Project by: Patrick Calleja Images by: Malta Postal Museum

Restoration and Consolidation of the Mdina Fortifications Rapprochement Salina Rehabilitation Project Awarded Prix d’Honneur in Category C Awarded Prix d’Honneur in Category B Awarded Diploma in Category B Project by: Restoration Directorate Project by: Matthew James Mercieca Design Architects Project by: Periti Ray Farrugia, Alex Cutajar, Jean Frendo, John Images by: Restoration Directorate Images by: Peter M. Mercieca Valentino, Mark Azzopardi, Janice Borg and Ing. Andrew Vella

May 2017 the architect 15 & Protecting our Industrial Heritage by Simone Vella Lenicker g e he ri ta i ndust ri a l Many of our industrial areas include a number of buildings of significant archi- tectural quality, most of them hailing from the Modernist Movement of the 1950s and 60s. Sadly, as a nation, we have not shown much respect for our modern and contem- porary architectural heritage. The Kamra tal-Periti has been at the forefront in raising awareness about this part of our heritage, notably when, in 2006, it spoke out against the inexplicable demolition of parts of the Qala primary school, designed in the late 1950s by Joseph Huntingford, then an architect in government employment. Unfortunately, that campaign was futile, but it was the first in a series of efforts that have consistently promoted the protection of buildings from this period. In 2009, the Kamra tal-Periti was success- ful in convincing the government of the day not to demolish the Rediffusion House, has spoken out about two other devel- which has since been renovated and now opments, both located within industrial houses the Public Broadcasting Services areas, namely the Xewkija Milk Plant and offices and facilities. The Kamra’s semi- the Marsa Power Station. In the former nal publication, “Modernist Malta – The case, the Kamra’s call was heeded, yet Architectural Legacy”, published in 2009, in the latter it seems to have not had took stock of a number of buildings hail- enough impact to halt the destruction of ing from this architectural era, and showed this important part of our industrial and that we do have a significant modernist architectural heritage. legacy to be proud of. It is indeed disheartening that the Despite these efforts, however, appre- Planning Authority has not yet undertaken ciation of this part of our architectural a comprehensive study of our industrial acumen is still not appreciated. The ex- areas which are rich in industrial and archi- Dowty administration block in Mrieħel, for tectural assets that should be preserved. example, was recently demolished without Such a study needs to be undertaken with- any consideration for its elegance and con- out delay, and the necessary procedures tribution to the Mdina Road streetscape. set in motion to preserve what is left of In recent months, the Kamra tal-Periti our country’s modern architectural and industrial heritage. To this end, the Kamra Gozo and Comino Local Plan, specifically tal-Periti has proposed the establishment with respect to the Xewkija Industrial Area of a joint committee between the Planning in Gozo. The proposal concerned a large Authority, the Superintendence of Cultural site which the Planning Authority was pro- Heritage, Heritage Malta, NGOs and the posing to re-zone from its current use Kamra itself in order to identify those build- for “Agricultural Products Processing and ings and areas that merit preservation and Market” to general industrial purposes as sustainable regeneration. part of the Xewkija Enterprise Hub. While seemingly a run of the mill propos- Xewkija Milk Plant al, the Kamra tal-Periti noted that the site At the end of October 2016, the in question houses the old Gozo MMU Milk Parliamentary Standing Committee for Plant, which was designed by renowned Environment and Development Planning architect Joseph Huntingford, and which met to discuss proposed changes to the includes a number of unique architec-

16 the architect May 2017 tural elements inspired by the Modernist Movement. The Committee discussed the possibility of inclusion of a safeguard with- in the new policy to ensure the protection of those architectural features that merit

retention and preservation. g e he ri ta The Kamra tal-Periti expressed its agree- i ndust ri a l ment with the introduction of such a safeguard, particularly in view of the recent destruction of the administration block of the ex-Dowty factory in Mrieħel, which building was also designed in the Modernist Style and which was demolished following approval of such demolition by the Planning Authority. Evidently, the appreciation of our architectural heritage from this period is sorely lacking, and the Kamra tal-Periti issued a press statement exhorting the Minister to consent to the introduction of a safeguard in the policy for the Xewkija Enterprise Hub, such that those elements of the building that merit protection may be integrated within any motif on the façade, as well as the use Last April, the Kamra tal-Periti issued to accommodate a wide range of uses, new development proposal for the site. of simple materials, such as the concrete a strongly worded statement exhorting both commercial and civic, the value of Last March, it was announced that the brick, in creating the brise soleil corridors Government and Enemalta to reconsider the building itself is important as indus- Milk Plant had been granted protection which shelter users from the elements and the demolition of those parts of the old trial and architectural heritage, and there through a scheduling order at Grade 2 filter natural light. Marsa Power Station that are considered to is no reason why it cannot be preserved, level, a move which the Kamra tal-Peri- have significant architectural quality and and used as a spur for the redevelopment ti welcomes with great satisfaction. This Marsa Power Station that form an important part of our indus- of the surrounding area. This opinion is effectively means that any redevelopment Unfortunately, the same sensitivity afford- trial heritage. shared by the Kamra tal-Periti. of this site would need to incorporate and ed to the Xewkija Milk Plant was not given Just one week earlier, the Grand Harbour Previous cohorts of students have stud- rehabilitate the existing administration to the Marsa Power Station, highlighting Regeneration Corporation had organ- ied this site and the building before, and building of the milk factory, which incor- the lack of consistency in addressing the ised a morning conference extolling the proposals have ranged from a University porates a concave façade, inspired by the redevelopment of sites which house mod- importance of the regeneration of certain Campus to cultural buildings – always con- curved megalithic temples facades of the ern buildings that are worthy of retention degraded areas, yet ironically parts of the ceived as the heart of a new town of Maltese Islands, a pseudo rubble wall effect or regeneration. Power Station were being demolished as Marsa. Why not build an Opera House or the conference was under way. a Philarmonic Concert Hall on the area The Kamra tal-Periti called for the demoli- around. In their 2016 studies, students tion process to be halted immediately, first- presented other proposals for the Power ly because it considers the Power Station Station, including using it as an experimen- Site to be crucial in the successful regen- tal aquaponics research centre, or a leisure eration of the Marsa area, and also because amenity facility, including a Performing to date there is no clear plan for what is to Arts resource in the underground tunnels be done with the site once the buildings adjacent. What about a modern art gallery, are demolished. There is therefore still time as was done with the Tate in London? The to integrate the existing structures within top of the tunnels would become a special any proposed redevelopment of the site. type of park similar to those gradually The Kamra tal-Periti referred to the work appearing in Europe which link nature with carried out by the final year students of the art, as in Berlin’s former Tempelhof airport, Faculty for the Built Environment in 2016, or in Copenhagen’s Norrebro district. The wherein they explored various alternatives whole complex could become the heart of for the regeneration of Marsa, including a completely regenerated Marsa. the Power Station site, which projects were The Kamra tal-Periti offered its availabil- featured in the last edition of this journal. ity and resources to assist Government in The Faculty is of the opinion that while organising an ideas competition for the the demolition of the power station would site, aimed at catalysing regeneration of clear up a tract of land that could be used this port town. All images by George Farrugia George by All images

May 2017 the architect 17 EFAP The New in the Old CONTEMPORARy ARCHITECTuRE IN A HIsTORIC CONTEXT

Between the 23rd and 25th March 2017, Malta hosted the European Forum for Architectural Policies (EFAP) Conference and General Assembly. The events were organised by the Works and Infrastructure Department within the Ministry for Transport and Infrastructure, in collaboration with the 2017 Maltese Presidency of the Council of the European Union. The University of Malta, the Kamra tal- Periti, the Planning Authority and the Malta Tourism Authority also supported the event. The EFAP has a number of main aims, pri- marily to serve as a platform for dialogue, and for fostering and promoting architec- tural policies in Europe. It is also tasked architects were invited to make presentations with improving architectural quality in the related to the conference theme. Many of EU Member States, to promote good gover- them spoke about their own personal experi- nance in the sector and to restore credibility ences whereas others presented case studies in the profession. It brings together the three of good practices related to the theme from pillars of Government, Professional Bodies their respective countries. The final day of and Cultural Institutions who have an inter- the event was dedicated to the EFAP General est in the drafting and implementation of Assembly where plans for the Association’s Architectural Policies in the various Member programme of activities for the next two States. years were discussed and agreed upon. The event was held at the Valletta Campus of The Conference programme was packed, the University of Malta, and had two distinct with five Sessions, chaired by Prof Alex functions. The first two days were dedicated Torpiano, Perit Anthony Fenech Vella, Perit to the Architectural Policies Conference, and Vincent Cassar, Perit Tabitha Dreyfuss and Gatt, David Felice, Konrad Buhagiar, Chris Sara Van Rompaey (Belgium), Krzysztof dealt with the interaction of Contemporary Perit Christopher Mintoff. Perit Ray Farrugia Briffa, Simon Bernard Grech and Anthea Ingarden (Poland), Veronika Valk (Estonia), Architecture within Historic Contexts. A moderated the event throughout. Speakers Huber from Malta, as well as Robert Silvia Svetlana Demeter Lowe (Romania), and number of well known local and European included Periti Veronica Bonavia, Norbert Kaltenbrunner (Germany), Ian Ritchie (UK), Indira van’t Klooster (Netherlands).

18 the architect MaY 2017 Sanctuaries of the Soul

Sanctuaries of the Soul, a recent publication S an c tua ri es by Kite Group, features the work of architect Richard England, perhaps the most signifi- cant and profound aspect of his work. The book includes 25 completed sacred spaces and 25 projects which so far have remained unrealised. From the Church of St Joseph Manikata to the Meditation Garden and Water Chapel of Dar il-Ħanin Samaritan, England’s journey is made manifest in his long journey of creating places of sacrality for Sanctuaries of the Soul. The book is illustrated with photographs and drawings and further enhanced by texts by eminent architects and critics Chris Abel, Edwin Heathcote, Daniel Libeskind and Juhani Pallasmaa. Daniel Libeskind Manikata – Daniel Cilia writes that “Richard England has revealed himself as the master of connecting the God, I have chosen architecture”. sacred and the profane by showing that England’s concluding paragraph quotes sacred space is not something cut off from CS Lewis “Inside my empty bottle, while reality, but is indeed its apogee. Although others where making ships, I was construct- England has published many many books ing a light house” and continues “In the not so much the doing that matters, but itself into a sacred space, is the real objec- which like this one are beautifully illustrat- making of both private and public prayer how much love you put in the doing”. I tive achieved. It is the bridge of meditative ed, I encourage every reader of this book spaces the architect must consider himself personally have always been convinced prayer that will transform these arenas into to visit Malta and see his creations as they privileged in having the opportunity of cre- that the materials which make up a build- sanctuaries for the soul and the materi- truly are. ating places for the communion between ing absorb the love and reverence of the als comprising the buildings, now illumi- What make Richard England special is man and the Divine. Ultimately, what the persons involved in its making. The trans- nated with the breath of the Holy Spirit, whatever your belief, your nature, your reli- spaces communicate will depend on the formation of material space designed by will become the transmitters of the Word of gion - you will feel the accessibility to all love, dedication and commitment which the architect into sacred space takes place God. The architect provides the water; sanc- that is spiritual”. The book also contains a the architect and the builders have put in when a dialogue in prayer between man tification through prayer will change that Richard England essay on the making of the making. and the Divine is established. water into wine. It is then that the architect sacred spaces entitled “Many roads lead to Mother Teresa’s words emphasise this “it is Only once, the building has transcended becomes the alchemist of transcendence”.

DHS – Alan Carville

May 2017 Avenue of Hope the architect 19 Alterations in a leased property g a l by Dr Ian J Stafrace Le

Unlike the owner, a tenant who holds a property under title of lease, has strict limitations as to what sort of structural alterations he can execute in the prop- erty. As a general rule, the lessee is to make use of the thing let to him as a bonus paterfamilias, and for the purpose stated in the contract, or, in the absence of any agreement to that effect, for such pur- pose as may be presumed according to circumstances (1). Consequently, the les- see may not, during the continuance of the lease, make any alteration in the thing let without the consent of the lessor, and he is not entitled to claim the value, what- ever it may be, of any improvement made without such consent (2). Our courts have had the occasion to delve into these primary obligations of the lessee, which can be summarised as follows:

1. The lessee is entitled to make those alterations so as to better enjoy the use of the property so leased, as long as by so doing, the lessee is not chang- ing the use agreed to with the lessor (3); 2. Such alterations do not change the use agreed to with the lessor, and must liberty to make such alterations intend- duty to keep the property in a good state ment resultant at law, and must not be also be of a partial nature and not ed to widen apertures or make those of repair. This obligation is distinct from overlooked. excessive (4); improvements that may be required the prohibition to carry out alterations 3. Such alterations must not prejudice in order to achieve improved sanitary without the owner’s consent, and must the rights of the lessor, must be neces- requirements. This is mostly common not be confused. The duty of care does References: sary and the property may be reinte- in old buildings where such alterations not permit the lessee to carry out altera- 1. Article 1554(a) of Chapter 16 of the Laws of Malta grated once the lease terminates (5); would lead to a improvements to the tions to the property, but merely to keep 2. Article 1564(1) of Chapter 16 of the Laws of 4. The prohibition to do alterations is not property and to render same more habit- the property in a good state of repair in Malta an absolute rule, but the Court has the able, and are hence considered as permis- relation to its intended use. Furthermore 3. Lia vs. Coreschi (Court of Appeal) discretion to analyse the circumstanc- sible irrespective of the owner’s consent. a structural collapse of part of the build- 10/01/2007 es of each case (6); Other particular instances arose when ing cannot be considered as a prohibited 4. “basta jkunu parzjali u mhux ta’ importanza 5. Such unauthorised interventions may the tenant interconnected a leased prop- structural alteration, but may still lead kbira” Azzopardi vs. Goldkraft Limited (Court lead to the dissolution of the lease; erty with another adjacent property. The to the dissolution of the lease if such a of Appeal) 25/03/2015 6. If the lease agreement prohibits any Courts have held that this should not lead collapse is shown to have been caused 5. Desira vs. Spiteri (Court of Appeal) sort of alterations, then the lessee is to the dissolution of the lease, provided through lack of maintenance. 7/06/1977; Debono vs. Tanti (Court of Appeal) 1/12/2004 precluded from making any altera- that the leased property remained identi- Thus, the consent (declared) of the 6. Agius vs. Bugeja (Court of Appeal) tions, irrespective of the general prin- fiable and the works can be reintegrated owner of the leased property is not a 25/11/2015 ciples listed above (7). at the termination of the lease. mere procedural formality that is required 7. Tonna vs. Falzon (Court of Appeal) One must also note that the lessee has in the submission of a development 9/01/2002 In some cases, the lessee may take the other obligations, amongst which is the application, but is a mandatory require-

20 the architect May 2017 www.getty.edu & The J. Paul Getty Trust is the world's larg- est cultural and philanthropic organisa- tion dedicated to the visual arts. Through conservation work, publications, exhibi- tions, grant initiatives, training programs, and other efforts, it works to make a lasting difference in conservation prac- tice and art historical research and to promote knowledge and appreciation of art among audiences of all ages. pet i t io n we b s i tes / com In 2014, Getty Publication launched its virtual library, featuring over 250 titles to read for free online. Works published by Getty Publication complement the work of the J. Paul Getty Museum, the Getty Conservation Institute, and the Getty Research Institute. The library’s resources cover architecture, but also art, photog- raphy, archaeology, conservation, and the humanities at large. The Virtual Library allows the user the chance to access hundreds of art-related works to further their education in the art world, for free, with new titles added all the rights freely available. “As a next the interested public around the world,” description, table of contents, and author on an ongoing basis. The Open Content step in our increasing digital engage- said Getty President and CEO James Cuno bio. Title profiles also include links direct- Program made thousands of images of ment, we are now making hundreds of in a release at the time of launch. ing users to print editions in a local

works of Getty’s collections from public publications—many of which are out of The titles, which date back to 1966, library, and to retailers where available WEBSITES domains or which the Getty Museum held print—freely available to scholars and are searchable, and accompanied by a books may be purchased. This traditional farmhouse with modern sculptural interventions was the residence of a well-known artist, and is a scheduled building. Can you identify the name of the artist and the location of the house? The winner of this competition will be entitled to a copy of the book “Modernist Malta: The Architectural Legacy”. Send your entries to: The Editor, The Architect Competition, Kamra tal-Periti, The Professional Centre, Sliema Road, Gzira, or by email on [email protected]. The first correct answer drawn on the 31 August 2017 will win. Only residents of the Maltese Islands are eligible to participate. Members of the Editorial Board and their families are not eligible to participate. In the previous edition, we published an image of St George’s Bay showing the British period barrack buildings – the one along the foreshore was demolished to be replaced by a hotel; whereas the two barrack buildings in the back ground were later remodelled to serve as the Institute of Tourism studies centre. The winner of this competition is Ivan COMPETITION F. Bartolo. Congratulations!

May 2017 the architect 21 artists, yet their work was often dismissed in the male dominated art world, and few support networks existed for them. Abstraction dominated artistic practice during these years, as many artists working in the aftermath of World War II sought an international language that might transcend national and regional narratives—and for women

EVENTS artists, additionally, those relating to gender. Drawn entirely from the Museum’s collection, the exhibition features nearly 100 paintings, sculptures, photographs, drawings, iNTErNATioNAl prints, textiles, and ceramics by more than 50 artists. www.moma.org

NOW TO 4 JUNE, 2017; DESIGN MUSEUM, LONDON, UK IMAGINE MOSCOW Marking the centenary of the Russian Revolution, this exhibition explores Moscow as it was imagined by a bold new generation of architects and designers in the 1920s and early 1930s. Drawing on rarely seen mate- rial, Imagine Moscow presents an idealistic vision of the Soviet capital that was never realised. Large-scale archi- NOW TO 15 OCTOBER 2017; MUSEU D'ART CONTEMPORANI tectural drawings are supported by artwork, propaganda DE BARCELONA (MACBA), BARCELONA, SPAIN and publications from the period. Taken together, these unbuilt projects suggest an alternative reality for the city, FORENSIC ARCHITECTURE Janet Hall RIBA Collections offering a unique insight into the culture of the time. Each This exhibition examines how public truth is produced of the six projects presented in the exhibition introduce contemporary design. In the wake of the war, the widespread technologically, architecturally and aesthetically, and how a theme relevant to life and ideology in the Soviet Union: devastation of Tokyo and other cities in Japan brought an it can be used to resist state propaganda, honing in on collectivisation, urban planning, aviation, communica- urgent need for new housing, and the single family house the operations of research group Forensic Architecture. tion, industrialisation, communal living and recreation. quickly became the foremost site for architectural experimen- This group has adopted innovative research methods to www.designmuseum.org tation and debate. In the years following, Japanese architects investigate human rights abuses and provided crucial have consistently used their designs to propose radical evidence in international courts. They are also known for critiques of society and innovative solutions to changing using architecture as a methodological tool for investigat- NOW TO 25 JUNE, 2017; THE ARCHITECTURE GALLERY, RIBA, LONDON, UK lifestyles. Considering developments in residential architecture ing armed conflicts and environmental destruction, and MIES VAN DER ROHE AND JAMES in the light of important shifts in the Japanese economy, to reference other evidence sources such as media and STIRLING: CIRCLING THE SQUARE urban landscape, and family structure, The Japanese House witness testimony. The show’s aim is to provide insight presents some of the most exciting architectural projects into this novel practice through its origins and history. Comparing the design methods of two of the most highly of the last 70 years, many of which have never before been www.macba.cat recognised architects of the 20th century this exhibition exhibited in the UK. As well as architectural projects, the offers a renewed examination of their iconic architectural exhibition incorporates cinema, photography and art in order 28 JUNE TO 24 SEPTEMBER 2017; DESIGN MUSEUM, LONDON, UK schemes proposed for the same site in the City of London. to cast new light on the role of the house in Japanese culture. www.architecture.com BREATHING COLOUR www.barbican.org.uk Drawing on years of research, designer Hella Jongerius presents Breathing Colour; an installation-based exhibi- NOW TO 13 AUGUST 2017; MOMA, NEW YORK, USA NOW TO 25 JUNE 2017; BARBICAN, LONDON, UK tion that takes a deeper look at the way colour behaves, MAKING SPACE: WOMEN ARTISTS THE JAPANESE HOUSE: ARCHITECTURE exploring shapes, materials, shadows and reflections. We AND POSTWAR ABSTRACTION AND LIFE AFTER 1945 see the world in colour but rarely do we appreciate how Making Space shines a spotlight on the stunning achieve- colour shapes what we see. Drawing on years of research, This is the first major UK exhibition to focus on Japanese ments of women artists between the end of World War II designer Hella Jongerius presents Breathing Colour; an domestic architecture from the end of the Second World War (1945) and the start of the Feminist movement (around installation-based exhibition that takes a deeper look at the to now, a field which has consistently produced some of the 1968). In the postwar era, societal shifts made it possible way colour behaves, exploring shapes, materials, shadows most influential and extraordinary examples of modern and for larger numbers of women to work professionally as and reflections. Through a series of phenomenological studies and experiences, the exhibition will make us ques- tion one of the most elemental aspects of design. www.designmuseum.org

22 the architect MaY 2017 Introducing the new range of steel reinforcing meshes

Table A New Mesh Welding Plant forced concrete walls and monolithic It is with great pleasure that we announce floors. the launch of our new electro-welded steel - Panels with irregular transversal wire reinforcement mesh plant. spacing. This new line offers the possibility to pro- - Mesh for pillars and ring beams - A rein- duce electro-welded steel mesh with wire forced technology that creates a pre- diameters ranging from 5mm to 12mm in assembled system of stirrups for pillars, both directions. The short time required to beams or any shaped element change wire diameter, spacing and panel - Inclined, L-shaped and segmental meshes dimensions makes it economically feasible to - Meshes with double welded transversal supply customers with orders both in small wires and large quantities in an efficient manner. - Meshes used for structural footings / Pile The new facility should also offer a wider Caps and more flexible range that can be consid- - Fabric Laps using made-to-measure ered at the design stage. extended (flying-ends) overhangs - Innovation using the latest technology Meshes with Flying-end overhangs JMV manufactures a wide range of elec- allows for congestion-free lapping of tro-welded meshes with high quality HD welded fabric, minimising material waste, (High Ductility) steel, where properties are improving site laying cycles and ensuring guaranteed with stringent checks performed adequate concrete cover. throughout the whole manufacturing cycle. The new plant offers a number of interesting Mesh Typology advantages which are not only limited to During the last decade we have seen a mesh design but also aimed at minimising substantial change in the demand of mesh waste by reducing the use of excess steel typology in the local construction industry. It material. is very interesting to mention that the use of The possibility of varying the diameter of the traditional C503 mesh has been decreas- the wires, meshes and size of panels accord- ing year by year, while the use of B503 and ing to the design requirements gives great A503 meshes is increasing on a yearly basis. versatility and flexibility, as well as significant Obviously, the wide range of C503 mesh rolled wire has superior quality characteris- with our unique tagging system. A sticker is cost savings. in a number of lengths available from stock tics than that produced from cold drawn wire attached to each individual sheet providing does not permit us to hold a wide range due to inherent advantages in its chemical the description of the mesh type produced Some applications: of lengths of other types of meshes such as composition. In the below illustration, one and the identifiable standard to which it - Mesh panels for casting in-situ and pre- B503 and A503 meshes (due to storage space can clearly see the higher ductility proper- conforms. fabricated elements that are designed restrictions). Therefore, customers are kindly ties of hot rolled steel in comparison with Our latest investment should make supplies according to structural requirements and requested to plan and pre-order their mesh the conventional cold worked steel. It is of electro-welded steel wire mesh more and operating site conditions. requirements at least 48 hours in advance so important also to note that Grade B500C more efficient with a wider range of solutions - Bi-directional meshes - Electro-welded that we can effectively produce their mesh to and B500B can only be achieved using hot to the local construction industry. meshes with variable tails on both edges the required dimensions. rolled steel. to ensure proper transversal and lon- Our productive capabilities have now also JM Vassallo Vibro Blocks Ltd gitudinal overlapping of panels with a extended to cover all types of meshes speci- Identification t: (+356) 21467 421 reduced thickness, used mainly in rein- fied in BS 8666 (Table A) HD Vibro Mesh can be easily identified f: (+356) 21465 202

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May 2017 the architect 23 Mdina Road, Zebbug, ZBG 9019, Malta J.M. Vassallo Vibro Steel Ltd www.jmvibro.com 2146 7421

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