Contamination Levels, Monthly Variations, and Predictions of Neonicotinoid Pesticides in Surface Waters of Gifu Prefecture in Japan
Environmental Monitoring and Contaminants Research Vol.1, pp.17–27 (2021) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5985/emcr.20200004 Environmental Monitoring & Contaminants Research Environmental Monitoring and Contaminants Research Vol.1, pp.17–27, 2021 https://emcr-journal.org/ Article Contamination levels, monthly variations, and predictions of neonicotinoid pesticides in surface waters of Gifu Prefecture in Japan Yoshitaka HAYASHI1), Nozomi SASAKI2), Mari TAKAZAWA3)*, Tomomi INAGAKI4), Hiroki NAKAMURA4), Atsushi YAMAMOTO1) and Shigeru SUZUKI1) 1) Graduate School of Bio Sciences and Bio Technologies, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai City, Aichi Prefecture 487-8501 Japan 2) School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Science, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222 USA 3) Water Environment Research Group (Water Quality), Public Works Research Institute, 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture 305-8516 Japan 4) Gifu Research Center for Public Health, 4-6 Akebono, Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture 500-8148 Japan [Received September 28, 2020; Accepted November 5, 2020] ABSTRACT The neonicotinoid pesticides acetamiprid (ACE), clo- thianidin (CTD), dinotefuran (DIN), imidacloprid (IMI), ni- tenpyram (NTP), thiacloprid (THI), and thiamethoxam (TMX) are widely used in over 120 countries. These pesti- cides have been regulated in many jurisdictions, including the European Union (EU), the United States, and the United Kingdom, due to adverse effects on non-target organisms, whereas some of these pesticides are permitted in Japan. In the present study, we have 1) measured levels of these pesti- cides at 103 locations (n = 672) across Gifu Prefecture, 2) analyzed the monthly trends and regionality using R and ArcGIS, and 3) created a predicted contamination map by an ordinary kriging analysis.
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