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Prevention As an Internal Security Factor at Zawiercie Poviat Michał Łaski
5. SECURITY STUDIES PREVENTION AS AN INTERNAL SECURITY FACTOR AT ZAWIERCIE POVIAT MICHAł łASKI Abstract DOI: 10.26410/SF_2/18/12 The aim of the article is to show how the preventive ac- tions of the Police forces affect the results of its work at the micro scale. The research was carried out in Zaw- iercie poviat. In the theoretical part, the article presents the.considerations.on.the.definition.of.internal.security.of. the country and the role of preventive actions in ensur- MICHAŁ ŁASKI1 ing public order. The article consists of an introduction, [email protected] three subchapters and a summary. 1 Student at full-time doctoral KEy words studies, WSB University, Community, order, police, prevention, security. Dąbrowa Górnicza Introduction Internal security, as part of national se- security.According to StanisławSulkowski, curity, is an extremely important factor, internal security can be defined on the influencing. the. needs. of. security. in. civil. basis of a dichotomous division resulting society.Police as a uniformed and armed from the external and internal structure of formation, provided with legal regulations, the state’s activity [Sulkowski, 2009, p. 14]. such as the Police Act of April 6, 1990 in It follows that the structures of the state are an effective and sufficient manner have the obliged to guarantee, with the use of legal possibilities to ensure the security for the tools and institutions set up for that purpose, citizens of the country.The aim of the study the.order.and.security.on.the.territory.of.the. is to examine how the preventive actions of country.In.this.sense,.internal.security.cov- the Police convert into its results at a mi- ers the entire sphere related to the stability cro. -
Szanowni Państwo, Ladies and Gentlemen
Szanowni Państwo, Oddajemy w Państwa ręce piąte wydanie Katalogu Szpitali Prywatnych. Lecznice, skupione w Ogólnopolskim Stowarzyszeniu Szpitali Prywatnych, dysponują ilością niemal 10 000 łóżek, zatrudniają ponad 35 000 personelu i prawie 60 000 osób współpracujących. Zarządy naszych placówek wciąż podkreślają swą misję publiczną, jaką pełnią szpitale prywatne, świadcząc leczenie w ramach Narodowego Funduszu Zdrowia (96% wykonanych zabiegów). W tym roku Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Szpitali Prywatnych weszło w 16 rok działalności. Katalog nasz pokazuje, ile ciężkiej pracy wykonali polscy pracodawcy, tworząc tak piękne i przyjazne dla pacjenta ośrodki, które za sprawą Narodowego Funduszu Zdrowia świadczą wysokospecjalistyczną pomoc dla każdego polskiego obywatela. Uzupełnieniem katalogu od kilku lat stał się wydawany cyklicznie zeszyt statystyczny opisujący w sposób uporządkowany funkcjonowanie i toczenie ekonomiczne sektora szpitali prywatnych. Andrzej Sokołowski Prezes Zarządu Ogólnopolskiego Stowarzyszenia Szpitali Prywatnych Ladies and Gentlemen, We are pleased to present to you the fifth edition of the Catalogue of Private Hospitals. The entities affiliated in the Polish Association of Private Hospitals have almost 10.000 hospital beds, employ over 35.000 medical staff and almost 60.000 other personnel. Our hospitals’ directors keep underlining that the private medical centres also fulfil a public healthcare mission, delivering healthcare services within the National Health Fund (96% of all their procedures). UNION EUROPEENNE HOSPITALISATION -
Fragmenta Naturae Vol
FRAGMENTA NATURAE VOL. 53: 27–58 (2020) doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.3835311 FORMERLY NATURE JOURNAL Opole Scientific Society ISSN 2544-3941 NOWE I RZADKIE GATUNKI MSZAKÓW WE FLORZE WOJEWÓDZTWA ŚLĄSKIEGO NEW AND RARE BRYOPHYTE SPECIES IN THE FLORA OF THE SILESIAN VOIVODESHIP 1 2 ADAM STEBEL , ŁUKASZ KRAJEWSKI 1Katedra i Zakład Botaniki Farmaceutycznej i Zielarstwa, Wydział Nauk Farmaceutycznych Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, ul. Ostrogórska 30, 41-200 Sosnowiec e-mail: [email protected] 2Zakład Ochrony Przyrody i Krajobrazu Wiejskiego, Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy Falenty, al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Distributional data for 97 protected, threatened and rare species of bryophytes (two hornworts, 22 liverworts and 73 mosses) from the Silesian Voivodeship are provided. KEY WORDS: hornworts, liverworts, mosses, distribution, protected species, Red-list species, threatened species, Poland ~ 28 ~ Wstęp geograficzne za Kondrackim 2001), jak i w Województwo śląskie położone jest w Polsce. Gatunki chronione podano za południowej Polsce i zajmuje powierzchnię Rozporządzeniem Ministra Środowiska 12333 km2, co stanowi około 3,9% (2014), zagrożone w Polsce glewiki i powierzchni Polski. Należy do regionów o wątrobowce za Klamą i Górskim (2018), mchy najlepiej poznanej brioflorze w kraju. Ostatnia za Żarnowcem i in. (2004), natomiast mszaki lista liczy ponad 620 gatunków mszaków zagrożone w województwie śląskim za (Stebel i in. 2012). Rewizja niepublikowanych Steblem i in. (2012). materiałów zielnikowych (Stebel i Nowak Wyniki 2018, Stebel i Zubel 2018) oraz dalsze badania Lista florystyczna (Stebel i Smoczyk 2017; Fojcik 2018; Stebel i Krajewski 2019) przyniosły odkrycie Skróty: AS – Adam Stebel, ŁK – Łukasz kolejnych gatunków, m. -
Jerzy Nita1, Joanna Plit2, Małgorzata Nita1 SUROWCE SKALNE JAKO
PRACE KOMISJI KRAJOBRAZU KULTUROWEGO ISSN 1896-1460 e-ISSN 2391-5293 DISSERTATIONS OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE COMMISSION www.cultural-landscape.us.edu.pl No. 40 (2) 2018, 107–129 DOI 10.30450/201818 Jerzy Nita1, Joanna Plit2, Małgorzata Nita1 1University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Sosnowiec, Poland 2 Cultural Landscape Commission of the Polish Geographical Society, Poland e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] SUROWCE SKALNE JAKO MATERIAŁ BUDOWLANY – ANALIZA ZACHOWANYCH WYRÓŻNIKÓW REGIONALNYCH ROCK RESOURCES AS BUILDING MATERIAL – ANALYSIS OF PRESERVED REGIONAL DISTINCTIVE FEATURES Streszczenie Artykuł jest analizą krajobrazową cech budownictwa typowego dla różnych obszarów Polski, w których wykorzysta- no lokalne skalne surowce budowlane. Poruszona problematyka dotyczy zabudowy małomiasteczkowej i wiejskiej, w której lokalne surowce skalne stanowiły podstawowy budulec od co najmniej ostatnich 200 lat. Surowiec skalny jest wyznacznikiem regionalnym, który jest typowy dla budynków mieszkalnych, gospodarskich i przemysłowych, a także dla małej architektury oraz ogrodzeń na posesjach. Te szczególne – bo najczęściej małoskalowe elementy krajobrazu kulturowego Polski zaczynają mieć charakter reliktowy. W opracowaniu w niewielkim stopniu poru- szono stosunkowo dobrze rozpoznane i udokumentowane budowle rezydencjalne, m.in.: zamki, pałace, warownie, które stanowią wyraźne historyczne składniki polskiego i europejskiego dziedzictwa narodowego. Obiekty te są obecnie spektakularnymi atrakcjami turystycznymi i zostały już objęte ochroną prawną i konserwatorską. W artykule podkreślono kierunki zmian w zastosowaniu surowców skalnych w budownictwie indywidualnym, a zwłaszcza współczesne tendencje zaniku tych elementów z krajobrazu kulturowego Polski lub ich znaczącej przebudowy i modernizacji. Abstract This article offers a landscape analysis of architectural features typical of various regions in Poland which use local rock reso- urces as a building material. -
00A-Okladka.Vp:Corelventura
SOCIETY OF ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING A CHEMIA I IN¯YNIERIA EKOLOGICZNA A Vol. 17 No. 12 OPOLE 2010 EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Witold Wac³awek (University, Opole, PL) – Editor-in-Chief Milan Kraitr (Western Bohemian University, Plzen, CZ) Jerzy Skrzypski (University of Technology, £ódŸ, PL) Maria Wac³awek (University, Opole, PL) Tadeusz Majcherczyk (University, Opole, PL) – Secretary PROGRAMMING BOARD Witold Wac³awek (University, Opole, PL) – Chairman Jerzy Bartnicki (Meteorological Institute – DNMI, Oslo-Blindern, NO) Mykhaylo Bratychak (National University of Technology, Lviv, UA) Bogus³aw Buszewski (Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruñ, PL) Eugenija Kupcinskiene (University of Agriculture, Kaunas, LT) Bernd Markert (International Graduate School [IHI], Zittau, DE) Nelson Marmiroli (University, Parma, IT) Jacek Namieœnik (University of Technology, Gdañsk, PL) Lucjan Paw³owski (University of Technology, Lublin, PL) Krzysztof J. Rudziñski (Institute of Physical Chemistry PAS, Warszawa, PL) Manfred Sager (Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, AT) Mark R.D. Seaward (University of Bradford, UK) Jíøi Ševèik (Charles University, Prague, CZ) Piotr Tomasik (University of Agriculture, Kraków, PL) Roman Zarzycki (University of Technology, £ódŸ, PL) Tadeusz Majcherczyk (University, Opole, PL) – Secretary EDITORIAL OFFICE Opole University ul. kard. B. Kominka 4, 45–032 OPOLE, PL phone +48 77 455 91 49 email: [email protected] http://tchie.uni.opole.pl SECRETARIES Agnieszka Do³hañczuk-Œródka, phone -
RAPORT Analiza Wpływu Potencjalnej Budowy Kopalni Cynku I Ołowiu W Okolicach Zawiercia Na Otoczenie
RAPORT Analiza wpływu potencjalnej budowy kopalni cynku i ołowiu w okolicach Zawiercia na otoczenie ZAMAWIAJĄCY CMC Poland Sp. z o.o. TYTUŁ Raport podsumowujący DATA / WERSJA: 24.02.2016 / FINAL NUMER DOKUMENTU: RR4448/001 RAPORT PROJEKT Analiza wpływu potencjalnej budowy kopalni NUMER RR 4448/001 cynku i ołowiu w okolicach Zawiercia na otoczenie DOKUMENTU TYTUŁ Raport podsumowujący DYREKTOR Andrzej Krzyszczak PROJEKTU ZAMAWIAJĄCY PRZYGOTOWAŁ Piotr Syryczyński Marzena Sadowska CMC Poland Sp. z o.o. Piotr Poborski Katarzyna Lipińska OSOBA Wojciech Więcławik – Członek Zarządu DZIAŁ Pion Doradztwa KONTAKTOWA MULTICONSULT Technicznego i POLSKA Środowiskowego Niniejszy raport został przygotowany przez spółkę Multiconsult Polska sp. z o.o. dla jej klienta. Prawa klienta do raportu zostały określone w odpowiedniej umowie. Strony trzecie nie mają prawa do wykorzystania niniejszego raportu (ani żadnego jego fragmentu) bez uprzedniej pisemnej zgody CMC Poland sp. z o.o. Jakiekolwiek wykorzystanie niniejszego raportu (lub jakiegokolwiek jego fragmentu) w innym celu, w inny sposób lub przez osoby lub jednostki inne niż uzgodnione lub zatwierdzone na piśmie przez CMC Poland sp. z o.o. nie odpowiada za skutki takiego wykorzystania raportu. Strony raportu są chronione prawem autorskim. Kopiowanie, rozpowszechnianie, poprawianie, przetwarzanie lub jakiekolwiek inne użycie niniejszego raportu jest niedozwolone bez uprzedniej pisemnej zgody CMC Poland sp. z o.o. lub innego właściciela takich praw. 03 24.02.16 Wersja final I PS, MS, KL AP, PP AK 02 11.02.16 Wersja wstępna PS, MS, KL AP, PP AK 01 28.01.16 Wersja robocza PS, MS, KL AP, PP AK WER. DATA OPIS SPORZĄDZIŁ SPRAWDZIŁ ZATWIERDZIŁ MULTICONSULT POLSKA SP. Z O.O. -
The Impact of the Coexistence of Methane Hazard and Rock-Bursts on the Safety of Works in Underground Hard Coal Mines
energies Article The Impact of the Coexistence of Methane Hazard and Rock-Bursts on the Safety of Works in Underground Hard Coal Mines Justyna Swolkie ´n* and Nikodem Szl ˛azak Faculty of Mining and Geoengineering, AGH University of Science and Technology Kraków, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Several natural threats characterize hard coal mining in Poland. The coexistence of methane and rock-burst hazards lowers the safety level during exploration. The most dangerous are high- energy bumps, which might cause rock-burst. Additionally, created during exploitation, safety pillars, which protect openings, might be the reason for the formation of so-called gas traps. In this part, rock mass is usually not disturbed and methane in seams that form the safety pillars is not dangerous as long as they remain intact. Nevertheless, during a rock-burst, a sudden methane outflow can occur. Preventing the existing hazards increases mining costs, and employing inadequate measures threatens the employees’ lives and limbs. Using two longwalls as examples, the authors discuss the consequences of the two natural hazards’ coexistence. In the area of longwall H-4 in seam 409/4, a rock-burst caused a release of approximately 545,000 cubic meters of methane into the excavations, which tripled methane concentration compared to the values from the period preceding the burst. In the second longwall (IV in seam 703/1), a bump was followed by a rock-burst, which reduced the amount of air flowing through the excavation by 30 percent compared to the airflow before, and methane release rose by 60 percent. -
The Typology of the Nature Values in the Mining Towns on the Examples from the Region of the Rybnik Coal Area
Title: The typology of the nature values in the mining towns on the examples from the region of the Rybnik Coal Area Author: Katarzyna Pukowiec, Wojciech Kurda Citation style: Pukowiec Katarzyna, Kurda Wojciech (2013). The typology of the nature values in the mining towns on the examples from the region of the Rybnik Coal Area. „Environmental & Socio-economic Studies” (2013, Vol. 1, iss. 4, s. 64-72), DOI: 10.1515/environ-2015-0024 Environmental & Socio-economic Studies DOI: 10.1515/environ-2015-0024 Environ. Socio.-econ. Stud., 2013, 1, 4: 64-72 © 2013 Copyright by University of Silesia ________________________________________________________________________________________________ The typology of the nature values in the mining towns on the examples from the region of the Rybnik Coal Area Katarzyna Pukowiec1, Wojciech Kurda2 1Department of Regional Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia Będzińska Str. 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland, E–mail (corresponding author): [email protected] 2Department of Tourism and Health Resort Management, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa Str. 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Nature’s resources having a usability attribute are nature values – if they are able to provide for human demands that are being exploited. This article relates to the environmental potential of mining and post – mining areas as well as possibilities of its use in the development of tourisms and recreation. An original typology of the nature value and the assessment of the tourist usability of environment of chosen mining towns of the Rybnik Coal Area – Wodzisław Śląski, Radlin, Rydułtowy, and Pszów are presented in this work. -
Szymon Datner German Nazi Crimes Against Jews Who
JEWISH HISTORICAL INSTITUTE BULLETIN NO. 75 (1970) SZYMON DATNER GERMAN NAZI CRIMES AGAINST JEWS WHO ESCAPED FROM THE GHETTOES “LEGAL” THREATS AND ORDINANCES REGARDING JEWS AND THE POLES WHO HELPED THEM Among other things, the “final solution of the Jewish question” required that Jews be prohibited from leaving the ghettoes they were living in—which typically were fenced off and under guard. The occupation authorities issued inhumane ordinances to that effect. In his ordinance of October 15, 1941, Hans Frank imposed draconian penalties on Jews who escaped from the ghettoes and on Poles who would help them escape or give them shelter: “§ 4b (1) Jews who leave their designated quarter without authorisation shall be punished by death. The same penalty shall apply to persons who knowingly shelter such Jews. (2) Those who instigate and aid and abet shall be punished with the same penalty as the perpetrator; acts attempted shall be punished as acts committed. A penalty of severe prison sentence or prison sentence may be imposed for minor offences. (3) Sentences shall be passed by special courts.” 1 In the reality of the General Government (GG), § 4b (3) was never applied to runaway Jews. They would be killed on capture or escorted to the nearest police, gendarmerie, Gestapo or Kripo station and, after being identified as Jews and tortured to give away those who helped or sheltered them, summarily executed. Many times the same fate befell Poles, too, particularly those living in remote settlements and woodlands. The cases of Poles who helped Jews, which were examined by special courts, raised doubts even among the judges of this infamous institution because the only penalty stipulated by law (death) was so draconian. -
ﺑﺴﻢ اﷲ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ Displacements and Failure Forms Around Mine
ﺑﺴﻢ اﷲ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ Displacements and failure forms around mine openings (Ingassana chromite mines, Sudan) By TAG ELDIN ELTAYEB BABIKER A thesis submitted to the University of Khartoum For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) In Mining Engineering Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Architecture University of Khartoum November 2004 ﺒﺴﻡ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻴﻡ "ﻭﻗﻞ ﺭﺏ ﺫﺩﻧﻰ ﻋﻠﻤﺎ" ﺻﺪﻕ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ Acknowledgments I gratefully acknowledge the considerable assistance and encouragement of Professor Hamid Ahmed Elhag and Dr Hamid Jasim Elisawi for their invaluable assistance which includes the experimental and theoretical part of this work. I am extremely grateful to Dr. Mohammed Ahmed Osman, the Supervisor whose discussions, guidance, comments, suggestion, encouragement and friendly advice contributed much to the termination of this work. My extreme gratitudes go as well to Dr Hussein Ahmed Elarabi, the co- Supervisor for his sincere and fruitful advice at each step that led to the accomplishment of this work. I would also like to thanks professor C.T.Shaw Department of Mining, Imperial College for his invaluable assistance and suggestion. I acknowledge with profound gratitude the gracious assistance that was offered by the staff of the department and their endless patience which directly contributed towards the presentation of this thesis. Finally thanks are due to the staff of the Faculty for their cooperation and support. Table of Contents Page Acknowledgment ………………………………………. I Abstract ………………………………………………… V Abstract in Arabic………………………………………. VII List of Figures …………………………………………. VIII List of Tables …………………………………………... IX Notations ……………………………………………….. IX Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Background……………………………1 .. 1.2 Objective ……………………………… .. 3 1.2.1 Parameters…………………………… . -
Hydrogeologic Investigations on Coal Deposits in the Upper Silesian Coal
IMWA Proceedings 1987 | © International Mine Water Association 2012 | www.IMWA.info HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS 01 COAL DEPOSITS IB THE tlPPER SILESIAB COAL BASIB (POLAND). ta.Grabowaka Geological Enterprise, Katowice A.R6!kodld SUuia Univerllity, Socowiec ABS!BAC! Pl81Uling o:r current coal mines as well as the extension o:r the old mines to new mining leTels requires the lcy'drogeologic exa. mination o:r the deposita' !or both econo1117 and mine n!ety pur poaes. The soope of the research methods used in the exploration o:r lcy'drogeological condi tiona o:r herd coal deposits, as well as a suggestion for improving reaearch methods and widening the scope of studies interpretation have been diiiCusad. IB!RODUCTIOR H7,drogeologic investigations of the coal depoaits ere accomp..,. n1ed by the geologic exploration of the depoai ts. These inve stigations are baing run in accordance with the Instructions setting forth the principles of establillhing the lcy'drogeologic condi tiona in determining solid minerals reserTes as well as with the Instructions specifying the principles and methods in determining solid mineral reserTes. The methods and problems connected with hydrogeologic investigations of hard coal deposits . in Poland have been discu ssed in publications: R6zkowski (1972), R6zkowski, WUk,Witczak (1972), Rudzinska, R6zkowski (1980), Rudzinska (1963),Grabowska ( 1966). The recent years have seen the considerable extension of examinations applied in the eydrogeologic recording of the deposits mainly aimed at obtaining the largest possible amount of information on the water conditions in the prospect boreho les. The construction of new deep coal mines as well as new deep working levels in the existing mines made it also necessa ry to enlarge the scope of hydrogeochemical and isotopic metho ds being applied in the above investigations. -
Changes in Population Density of the Urban Population in Southern Poland in the Period 1950-2011 Against the Background of Political and Economic Transformation
MISCELLANEA GEOGRAPHICA – RegIONal StuDIeS ON DeVelOpmeNt Vol. 21 • No. 3 • 2017 • pp. 107-113 • ISSN: 2084-6118 • DOI: 10.1515/mgrsd-2017-0017 Changes in population density of the urban population in southern Poland in the period 1950-2011 against the background of political and economic transformation Abstract This paper presents the changes in urban population density in Iwona Jażdżewska the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in an area of approximately 20,000 km2 in southern Poland, which includes close to 100 towns and cities with a population of almost 4.5 million (in 2011) and an urbanisation index over 70%. It is the most urbanised part of Poland and includes the Institute of Urban Geography and Tourism, Cracow agglomeration and the Upper Silesian conurbation. The analysis Faculty of Geographical Sciences, was performed using one of the statistical methods for estimating discrete University of Łódź, Poland e-mail: [email protected] distributions, the kernel function method. The conclusions served as a basis for the presentation of changes occurring in this area against the backdrop of political and economic transformation in Poland, as well as a scientific discussion concerning the state and future of the merging of these agglomerations in the light of the factors discussed. Keywords Cracow • Silesia • population density • political transformation • Kernel function Received: 1 July 2016 © University of Warsaw – Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies Accepted: 20 July 2017 Introduction Upper Silesia, covering the Dąbrowa Basin and the Cracow of depopulation of Upper Silesian cities and strong processes agglomeration,1 was the region with the highest density of urban of suburbanisation around Cracow, as well as discussing their networks and the highest population in Poland in both 1950 causes and the pace of change.