Bibliographie Emanuel Hirsch
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Political Theology and Secularization Theory in Germany, 1918-1939: Emanuel Hirsch As a Phenomenon of His Time
Harvard Divinity School Political Theology and Secularization Theory in Germany, 1918-1939: Emanuel Hirsch as a Phenomenon of His Time Author(s): John Stroup Source: The Harvard Theological Review, Vol. 80, No. 3 (Jul., 1987), pp. 321-368 Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Harvard Divinity School Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1509576 . Accessed: 18/11/2013 17:40 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Cambridge University Press and Harvard Divinity School are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Harvard Theological Review. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 128.42.202.150 on Mon, 18 Nov 2013 17:40:09 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions HTR80:3 (1987) 321 -68 POLITICAL THEOLOGY AND SECULARIZATION THEORY IN GERMANY, 1918-1939: EMANUEL HIRSCH AS A PHENOMENON OF HIS TIME * John Stroup Yale Divinity School According to Goethe, "writing history is a way of getting the past off your back." In the twentieth century, Protestant theology has a heavy burden on its back-the readiness of some of its most distinguished representatives to embrace totalitarian regimes, notably Adolf Hitler's "Third Reich." In this matter the historian's task is not to jettison but to ensure that the burden on Prot- estants is not too lightly cast aside-an easy temptation if we imagine that the theologians who turned to Hitler did so with the express desire of embracing a monster. -
The Orthodox Betrayal: How German Christians Embraced and Taught Nazism and Sparked a Christian Battle. William D
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern University Honors Program Theses 2016 The Orthodox Betrayal: How German Christians Embraced and Taught Nazism and Sparked a Christian Battle. William D. Wilson Georgia Southern University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/honors-theses Part of the European History Commons, and the History of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Wilson, William D., "The Orthodox Betrayal: How German Christians Embraced and Taught Nazism and Sparked a Christian Battle." (2016). University Honors Program Theses. 160. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/honors-theses/160 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in University Honors Program Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Orthodox Betrayal: How German Christians Embraced and Taught Nazism and Sparked a Christian Battle. An Honors Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in History. By: William D. Wilson Under the mentorship of Brian K. Feltman Abstract During the years of the Nazi regime in Germany, the government introduced a doctrine known as Gleichschaltung (coordination). Gleichschaltung attempted to force the German people to conform to Nazi ideology. As a result of Gleichschaltung the Deutsche Christens (German Christians) diminished the importance of the Old Testament, rejected the biblical Jesus, and propagated proper Nazi gender roles. This thesis will argue that Deutsche Christen movement became the driving force of Nazi ideology within the Protestant Church and quickly dissented from orthodox Christian theology becoming heretical. -
CHRISTIAN COMPLICITY? Changing Views on German Churches and the Holocaust
CHRISTIAN COMPLICITY? Changing Views on German Churches and the Holocaust Robert P. Ericksen Christian Complicity? Changing Views on German Churches and the Holocaust Robert P. Ericksen JOSEPH AND REBECCA MEYERHOFF ANNUAL LECTURE 8 NOVEMBER 2007 The assertions, opinions, and conclusions in this occasional paper are those of the author. They do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. First printing, November 2009 Copyright © 2009 by Robert P. Ericksen THE JOSEPH AND REBECCA MEYERHOFF ANNUAL LECTURE honors excellence in Holocaust research and fosters dissemination of cutting-edge Holocaust scholarship. Generous philanthropists, Joseph and Rebecca Meyerhoff of Baltimore, Maryland, provided support to organizations worldwide, focusing on Jewish learning and scholarship, music, the arts, and humanitarian causes. Their children, Eleanor Katz and Harvey M. Meyerhoff, Chairman Emeritus of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council, endowed this lecture. My title for this Meyerhoff Lecture addresses the question of Christian complicity in the Holocaust, with attention also to “changing views” over time on the role of German churches. It has been just over sixty years since the Holocaust came to an end. By coincidence, my first scholarly article on the topic appeared in 1977, at approximately the halfway point of this sixty-year period. I will use the two halves of this timeframe to suggest that a transition occurred at about that middle point, a transition in which evidence concerning the pervasive participation of Germans and of German churches in the Nazi state and widespread support of its policies has increasingly undercut ubiquitous German claims of innocence. During the first years after the war, many or most Germans, Christians and otherwise, claimed never to have supported Adolf Hitler and not to have been responsible for atrocities committed by the Nazi regime. -
The Postwar Transformation of German Protestantism
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Carolina Digital Repository FAITH AND DEMOCRACY: POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS AT THE GERMAN PROTESTANT KIRCHENTAG, 1949-1969 Benjamin Carl Pearson A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2007 Approved by: Dr. Konrad H. Jarausch Dr. Christopher Browning Dr. Chad Bryant Dr. Lloyd Kramer Dr. Terence McIntosh ©2007 Benjamin Carl Pearson ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT BENJAMIN CARL PEARSON: Faith and Democracy: Political Transformations at the German Protestant Kirchentag, 1949-1969 (Under the direction of Konrad H. Jarausch) In the decades following World War II, German Protestants worked to transform their religious tradition. While this tradition had been previously characterized by rigidly hierarchical institutional structures, strong nationalist leanings, and authoritarian political tendencies, the experiences of dictatorship and defeat caused many Protestants to question their earlier beliefs. Motivated by the desire to overcome the burden of the Nazi past and by the opportunity to play a major role in postwar rebuilding efforts, several groups within the churches worked to reform Protestant social and political attitudes. As a result of their efforts, the churches came to play an important role in the ultimate success and stability of West German democracy. This study examines this transformation at the meetings of the German Protestant Kirchentag, one of the largest and most diverse postwar gatherings of Protestant laity. After situating the Kirchentag within the theological and political debates of the immediate postwar years, it focuses on changing understandings of the role of the church in society, the pluralization of Protestant political attitudes, and the shift from national to international self-understandings within the churches. -
Demythologizing Protestant Christianity's Relationship with Nazi
Jameson Award Winners: Humanities and Theological Studies God in Our Own Image: Demythologizing Protestant Christianity’s Relationship with Nazi Germany Rebecca Ito This paper brilliantly integrates faith and learning. It tells the story of the “German Christians,” a movement of Protestant pastors, theologians, and laypersons who worked in the 1930s to accommodate Church doctrine to Nazi ideology. Hoping to “dejudaize” Christianity, the movement published nationalistic and racist material for use in pulpits, Sunday School classes, and theological seminaries. As the paper explains, the Nazi regime eventually tired of the German Christians, but not before the movement had sown confusion in Germany about Christian doctrine and the relationship between church and state. Engaging with an impressive body of scholarly literature, the paper shows how many Protestants came to believe that there was little contradiction in following both “the cross and the swastika.” A concluding theological meditation reminds readers to follow “the One who does not permit himself to be made a means to merely human ends.” What would the Bible look like without the Old Institut zur Erforschung und Beseitigung des jüdischen Testament? What would the New Testament look like Einf usses auf das deutsche kirchliche Leben (“Institute without the Epistles? And what would the Gospels for the Study and Eradication of Jewish Infuence on look like without a single mention of sin or grace? German Church Life”), was ofcially disbanded with Add to these the omission of any reference to the conclusion of World War Two.1 Christ’s Resurrection, the substitution of heil (“hail”) Today, much speculation and projection for hosanna (“save us”), and refusal to acknowledge surrounds the nature of this church-funded Jesus as a Jew or as the long-awaited Messiah, and movement, its infuence on German society, the one begins to get a picture of the Deutsch Christen Nazi political response and the theological backlash (“German Christian Faith”) Movement. -
The German Evangelical Church and the Nazi State
NO “SPOKE IN THE WHEEL”: THE GERMAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH AND THE NAZI STATE By HANNAH D’ANNE COMODECA Bachelor of Arts in History and Political Science Oklahoma Baptist University Shawnee, OK 2012 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS May, 2014 NO “SPOKE IN THE WHEEL”: THE GERMAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH AND THE NAZI STATE Thesis Approved: Dr. Joseph F. Byrnes Thesis Adviser Dr. Ronald A. Petrin Dr. John te Velde ii Name: HANNAH D’ANNE COMODECA Date of Degree: MAY, 2014 Title of Study: NO “SPOKE IN THE WHEEL’: THE GERMAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH AND THE NAZI STATE Major Field: HISTORY Abstract: This study focuses on the relationship between the German Evangelical Church and the Nazi state from 1933-1945 and the reasons why the Church did not oppose state policies of persecution of the Jews. Through primary sources of sermons, synodal decisions, and memoirs, this study finds that during the years of the Third Reich, the German Evangelical Church retreated into itself. The internal conflicts that some historians have termed “the Church Struggle” distracted the Church from problems in the state. While some individuals within the Church did oppose state policies, the German Evangelical Church, as an institution, only protested when it felt directly threatened by the state. iii There are three possible ways in which the church can act towards the state: in the first place, as has been said, it can ask the state whether its actions are legitimate and in accordance with its character as state, i.e. -
Catholic Priests and Seminarians As German Soldiers, 1935-1945
Negotiating the Cross and the Swastika: Catholic Priests and Seminarians as German Soldiers, 1935-1945 ** approval of semi-final version By Lauren N. Faulkner B.A., Simon Fraser University, 2001 M.A., Simon Fraser University, 2003 A.M., Brown University, 2004 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History at Brown University Providence, Rhode Island May 2009 © 2009 by Lauren N. Faulkner This dissertation by Lauren N. Faulkner is accepted in its present form by the Department of History as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date____________________ _______________________________ Omer Bartov, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate School Council Date____________________ _______________________________ Deborah A. Cohen, Reader Date____________________ _______________________________ Abbott Gleason, Reader Date____________________ _______________________________ Doris L. Bergen, Reader Approved by the Graduate School Council Date____________________ _______________________________ Sheila Bonde, Dean of the Graduate School iii Curriculum Vitae Lauren Faulkner was born on May 2, 1979, in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada. She earned a B.A. at Simon Fraser University in 2001, an M.A. from Simon Fraser University in 2003 under the supervision of Martin Kitchen, and an A.M. from Brown University in 2004. She has a forthcoming article in Contemporary European History entitled “Catholic Priests as German Soldiers: Georg Werthmann and the Military Chaplaincy under the Third Reich.” She has taught an array of classes, including her own European History survey class at the Rhode Island School of Design in 2008 and a seminar on Holocaust narratives. She was also involved for two years as a research assistant with the multidisciplinary and international project Borderlands: Ethnicity, Identity, and Violence in the Shatter-Zone of Empires Since 1848, co-directed by Omer Bartov at the Watson Institute for International Studies. -
A Comparative Study of the German Christians, the Confessing Church, and the Mennonites
THE POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS OF THE TWO KINGDOMS DOCTRINE IN THE NAZI PERIOD: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE GERMAN CHRISTIANS, THE CONFESSING CHURCH, AND THE MENNONITES JEREMY ROBERT KOOP A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAMME IN HISTORY YORK UNIVERSITY, TORONTO, ONTARIO OCTOBER 2011 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-88680-9 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-88680-9 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distrbute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. -
The Church Struggle and the Confessing Church: an Introduction to Bonhoeffer’S Context” Matthew D
Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations 2/1 (2007):1-20 Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations A peer-reviewed e-journal of the Council of Centers on Jewish-Christian Relations Published by the Center for Christian-Jewish Learning at Boston College “The Church Struggle and the Confessing Church: An Introduction to Bonhoeffer’s Context” Matthew D. Hockenos Skidmore College 2/1 (2007): 1-20 http://escholarship.bc.edu/scjr/vol2/iss1/art1 Author’s note: Significant portions of this essay draw on the introduction and chapter 1 of my book, A Church Divided: German Protestants Confront the Nazi Past (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004). Hockenos, “The Church Struggle and the Confessional Church” 1 http://escholarship.bc.edu/scjr/vol2/iss1/art1 Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations 2/1 (2007):1-20 In a recent review of the seventeen-volume Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s striking albeit marginal role in the German Bonhoeffer Werke, edited by Eberhard Bethge and others, church struggle and his inability to affect significantly the church historian Andrew Chandler writes, “For in the so- direction of the Confessing Church was due to many factors, called Church Struggle, Bonhoeffer was a striking but including his young age, his liberal-democratic politics, his marginal figure. He was young, he could not often persuade absence from Germany from October 1933 to April 1935, his his elders toward more decisive opinions and measures, he vacillating and at times contradictory positions on central did not much affect events. Historians have certainly not issues, his radical theological critique of the Nazi state, his found Bonhoeffer standing at the heart of the circles of friendship with and family ties to Christians of Jewish resistance with which he became associated after 1939.”1 descent, and ultimately his willingness to risk his life to And Victoria Barnett writes in an essay addressing destroy Hitler’s regime. -
The German Christians' Influence on Barth's Hamartiology of Pride
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 8-30-2016 12:00 AM The German Christians’ Influence on Barth’s Hamartiology of Pride Tom Linden The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Gary Badcock The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Theology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Arts © Tom Linden 2016 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Practical Theology Commons Recommended Citation Linden, Tom, "The German Christians’ Influence on Barth’s Hamartiology of Pride" (2016). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 4113. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4113 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract In Church Dogmatics, IV/1, §60, Karl Barth wrote of “The Pride and Fall of Man,” the first theme in his hamartiology of pride, sloth and falsehood. This thesis will argue that Barth’s conflict with the German Christian Movement served as a source of Barth’s hamartiology of pride. This is specifically evidenced by the reference to Aaron as a man of the “national church” in the lengthy excursus on Exodus 32 in Church Dogmatics §60. Weimar humiliation in Germany had provoked reaction in the movement for a nationalistic church, which Nazism attempted to absorb. Theologians Paul Althaus, Gerhard Kittel and Emanuel Hirsch, among others, provided justification for this. -
The Ethics of War and Peace in the Thought of Paul Tillich
RELIGIOUS INTERNATIONALISM: THE ETHICS OF WAR AND PEACE IN THE THOUGHT OF PAUL TILLICH by Matthew Lon Weaver BA, Bowling Green State University, 1982 MDiv, Pittsburgh Theological Seminary, 1986 STM, Pittsburgh Theological Seminary, 1996 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2006 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Matthew Lon Weaver It was defended on March 13, 2006 and approved by Alexander Orbach, Associate Professor, Cooperative Program in the Study of Religion B. Guy Peters, Professor, Political Science John E. Wilson, Adjunct Professor, Cooperative Program in the Study of Religion Dissertation Director: Ronald H. Stone, Adjunct Professor, Cooperative Program in the Study of Religion ii Copyright © by Matthew Lon Weaver 2006 iii RELIGIOUS INTERNATIONALISM: THE ETHICS OF WAR AND PEACE IN THE THOUGHT OF PAUL TILLICH Matthew Lon Weaver, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2006 The purpose of this study is to assemble and assess the ethics of war and peace in the writings of Paul Tillich. It proceeds chronologically, sketching the evolution of Tillich’s thought from the period of his World War One chaplaincy in the German Imperial Army through the time of the Cold War, when he was one of the most prominent Protestant theologians in the United States. The material for this study includes two hundred seventy-five primary sources and nearly two hundred secondary sources. Tillich’s corpus ranges from lectures and occasional articles to theological treatises, from political and social theory to sermons and radio addresses, from systematic theology to philosophy of history. -
Book Reviews
Volume 61:Numbers 1-2 January-April1997 Table of Contents The Porvoo Common Statement Prepared by the Fourth Plenary Meeting held at Jarvenpaii, Finland, 9-13 October 1992 .... 3 The Porvoo Declaration in Confessional Perspective The Departments of Systematic Theology: Concordia Theological Seminary, Fort Wayne, Indiana, and Concordia Seminary, Saint Louis, Missouri.. .................................. 35 The Holy Spirit in the Augsburg Confession: A Reformed Perspective Richard A. Muller ........................... 53 A Lutheran Professor Trained at Westminster Looks for Similarities and Dissimilarities Richard E. Muller ............................ 79 Cum Patre et Filio Adoratur: The Holy Spirit Understood Christologically David P. Scaer ............................... 93 Saint Polycarp of Smyrna: Johannine or Pauline Figure? D. RichardStuckwisch. ...................... 113 Books Received ................................... 126 Book Reviews ....................................127 Emanuel Hirsch und Paul Tillich: Theologie und Politik in einer Zeit der Krise. By A. James Reirner ..........Lowell C. Green The Descent of God: Divine Suffering in Histoy and Theology. By Joseph M. Hallman ........Jeffery A. Oschwald Adolf Schlatter: A Biography of Germany's Premier Biblical Theologian. By Werner Neuer .......... William C. Weinrich Martin Luther in Two Centuries: The Sixteenth and the Twentieth. By Helmar Junghans ...............Paul J. Grime A History of Christianity in the United States and Canada. By Mark A. Noll ..........................Robert E. Smith True Faith in the True God: An Introduction to Luther's Life and Thought. By Hans Schwarz .......... Martin Noland Baptized into God's Family: The Doctrine of Infant Baptism for Today. By A. Andrew Das ............ James W. Kalthoff Paul's Letter to the Romans: A Cornmentay. By Peter Stuhlmacher ..........................Jonathan F. Grothe Genesis 1-11: From Eden to Babel. By Donald Gowan .......................................Dean 0.