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United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922
Cover: During World War I, convoys carried almost two million men to Europe. In this 1920 oil painting “A Fast Convoy” by Burnell Poole, the destroyer USS Allen (DD-66) is shown escorting USS Leviathan (SP-1326). Throughout the course of the war, Leviathan transported more than 98,000 troops. Naval History and Heritage Command 1 United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922 Frank A. Blazich Jr., PhD Naval History and Heritage Command Introduction This document is intended to provide readers with a chronological progression of the activities of the United States Navy and its involvement with World War I as an outside observer, active participant, and victor engaged in the war’s lingering effects in the postwar period. The document is not a comprehensive timeline of every action, policy decision, or ship movement. What is provided is a glimpse into how the 20th century’s first global conflict influenced the Navy and its evolution throughout the conflict and the immediate aftermath. The source base is predominately composed of the published records of the Navy and the primary materials gathered under the supervision of Captain Dudley Knox in the Historical Section in the Office of Naval Records and Library. A thorough chronology remains to be written on the Navy’s actions in regard to World War I. The nationality of all vessels, unless otherwise listed, is the United States. All errors and omissions are solely those of the author. Table of Contents 1914..................................................................................................................................................1 -
The United States Navy Looks at Its African American Crewmen, 1755-1955
“MANY OF THEM ARE AMONG MY BEST MEN”: THE UNITED STATES NAVY LOOKS AT ITS AFRICAN AMERICAN CREWMEN, 1755-1955 by MICHAEL SHAWN DAVIS B.A., Brooklyn College, City University of New York, 1991 M.A., Kansas State University, 1995 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2011 Abstract Historians of the integration of the American military and African American military participation have argued that the post-World War II period was the critical period for the integration of the U.S. Navy. This dissertation argues that World War II was “the” critical period for the integration of the Navy because, in addition to forcing the Navy to change its racial policy, the war altered the Navy’s attitudes towards its African American personnel. African Americans have a long history in the U.S. Navy. In the period between the French and Indian War and the Civil War, African Americans served in the Navy because whites would not. This is especially true of the peacetime service, where conditions, pay, and discipline dissuaded most whites from enlisting. During the Civil War, a substantial number of escaped slaves and other African Americans served. Reliance on racially integrated crews survived beyond the Civil War and the abolition of slavery, only to succumb to the principle of “separate but equal,” validated by the Supreme Court in the Plessy case (1896). As racial segregation took hold and the era of “Jim Crow” began, the Navy separated the races, a task completed by the time America entered World War I. -
A Splendid Little War"
A S P L E N D I D L I T T L E W A R A CHRONOLOGY OF HEROISM IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR By C. Douglas Sterner Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 A War Looking for an Excuse to Happen ................................................................... 3 Manifest Destiny & Yellow Journalism ................................................................. 5 Prelude to War ............................................................................................................. 8 Remember the Maine .................................................................................................. 11 Trouble in Paradise ...................................................................................................... 17 The Battle of Manila Bay ............................................................................................ 21 Cutting the Cables at Cienfuegos ................................................................................ 25 Cable Cutters Who Received Medals of Honor ..................................................... 29 The Sinking of the Merrimac ...................................................................................... 33 War in The Jungle ....................................................................................................... 43 Guantanamo Bay ................................................................................................... 44 The Cuzco Well ..................................................................................................... -
A Uss Dale in the Africa Squadron 1857-1859
Volume 4, Issue 6 A Newsletter for the Supporters of the Hampton Roads NaYal Museum n May 5, 1857, USS Dale departed Norfolk for the west coast of Africa. In Ocommand of the 566 ton sloop of war was Cmdr. William McBiair, USN. He immediately began what he called "a daily chat" with his wife, Virginia Myers McBiair, the granddaughter of Norfolk merchant Moses Myers. This chat took the form of a serial letter, parts of which would be mailed at every opportunity throughout the two-year cruise of the Dale. His comments provide us with an intimate look at the U.S. Navy's fight against the international slave trade. By the time the Dale left Hampton Roads, the importation of slaves "from any foreign kingdom, place or country" The 24-gun sloop-of-war USS Dale. This ship operated out of Hampton Roads and served many had already been illegal for fifty years. tours on the Africa Station in the mid to late 19th century. It, however, took aboard more African · · · I I . I . parrotts (over a hundred) than it did liberated slaves. (Naval Historical Center photograph of a After Inltla egis at! on In 1807 • 1903 R.G. Skerret wash drawing) Congress in 1819 authorized the President to dispatch ,,,, A ... Me-r~e sf''l-rlec-r~ows'' naval vessels to the coast of VV'e I ~Ie .1., """""'-, .1. 1 Africa to suppress the slave trade. The following ye~ a Dale in the Africa Squadron 1857-1859 law was passed brandmg uss . ' traffickjng in slaves as by Joe Mosier piracy. -
Torpedo Craft Through the Art of Joseph Hinds
TORPEDO CRAFT THROUGH THE ART OF JOSEPH HINDS ABOUT THE ILLUSTRATOR Joe Hinds ממחיש עבודות צבאיות יותר מ- 40 שנים. הפרויקט הנוכחי שלו, The Ship Killers הינה היסטוריה של סירות טורפדו מההתפתחות המוקדמת ביותר ועד לפוטנציאל תקיפתי במלחמת העולם השנייה . מר Hinds שמאייר בנחתים של ארה"ב והצי של ארה"ב בין השנים 1965-1980 ושוב במילואים בין השנים 1990-1996. תומכים במבצעים Desert Shield ו- Desert Shield. במשך הקריירה הצבאית שלו שהוא שירט על נושאות המטוסים USS Coral Sea and USS Enterprise ואחר כך במבחן הנשקים הימיים מרכז, נמל Hueneme, קליפורניה. הוא גם עבד על המבחנים הראשונים של טיל השיוט שהפך להיות התוכנית . Tomahawk מר Hinds גדל ב- Needles, קליפורניה. בעיירה הזאת הושפע על ידי תחרויות הלאומיים של סירות מהירות. באירועים אלה השתמשו בסירות מהירות קטנות ודיברו רבות על סירות טרפדו של ציי העולם. כאן ב- Needles ג'ו התחיל לצייר . הקריירה שלו כוללת לעבוד בקהילת העסקים כעצמאי, מאייר ומעצב לחברות American Honda Motor Company, British Petroleum/HITCO, Martin Marietta, Grey Advertising, BBDO Los Angeles ואחרות. האומנות שלו הופיעה במגזינים כמו Private Pilot, Plane and Pilot, Cycle World, White Mane Publishing, Civil War Times Illustrated, America In WWII ואחרים . 1 TORPEDO CRAFT THROUGH THE ART OF JOSEPH HINDS הוא בר מזל לעבוד עם סופרים והיסטוריונים מובילים כמו Dana Wegner, Chip Marshall, Al Ross, John Lambert, R. Thomas Campbell, .Donald Barnhart and Bob Holcombe מר Hinds עבד באופן קרוב עם Jeff Johnston, מומחה תוכנית ו- Dr. John Broadwater, מנהל של Monitor National Marine Sanctuary- NOAA. הש ותי ף הוליך לאיור האיורים של ה- USS Monitor and CSS Virginia (ex-Merrimack). -
The Foreign Service Journal, October 1939
g/,t AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE OCTOBER, 1939 JOURNAL NAVY NUMBER I . ' ... i •i - " What Are Hotels Made Of? Not of stone and steel and masonry alone. But of that intangible fabrication known as “repu¬ tation” which the guests add afterward. The popular, conveniently located Hotel New Yorker has been generously endowed with a repu¬ tation for unparalleled service, comfortable ac¬ commodations and superb food. But tve are not content to rest upon our reputa¬ tion! We’re still building it by offering the mem¬ bers of our Foreign Service, more for your hotel dollar than ever before. We’re truly grateful for the travelers you have entrusted to us largely because of our good repu¬ tation and convenient location—this is the nearest large hotel to the principal piers and is connected by private tunnel to Pennsylvania Station, B & O bus connections. 2,500 rooms each with radio, both tub and shower, Servidor, circulating ice water. Hotel NEW YORKER 34th Street at Eighth Avenue, New York Ralph Hitz, President Leo A. Molony, Manager CONTENTS (NAVY NUMBER, OCTOBER, 1939) LANGUAGES Cover Picture Made By U.S.S. Arizona (See also page 539) LINGUAPHONE Our Navy Now and in Prospect By Lt. Comdr. Bernard L. Austin, U.S.N 533 Thousands of men and women have mastered a language by the world- Photographs 336 famous LINGUAPHONE METHOD—at The Hon. Charles Edison home, on trains, on shipboard—quickly, Admiral Harold R. Stark, U.S.N. Major Gen. Thomas Holcomb, U.S.M.C. easily and with positive pleasure. LINGUAPHONE gives you not merely a Legislation of Interest to the Department of State, Enacted at the First Session of the 76th smattering but a compact 3,000 word Congress 537 vocabulary of the living language, with correct sentence structure and perfect The Seal of the United States 538 native accent. -
Coast Guard at War Coast Guard “History 101”
America’s Guardians & Warriors: The Coast Guard at War Coast Guard “History 101” Dept of Homeland Security 2003 Bureau of Marine Dept of Transportation Inspection, 1946 1967 U.S. Lighthouse Service, 1939 Dept of Treasury U.S. Coast Guard, 1915 1790 U. S. Life-saving Service, 1871 U. S. Revenue Cutter Service, 1790 Maritime Defense of the New Republic • “The system of cutters" • Enforced national laws • No United States Navy • Cutters provide the only maritime force • The “oldest continuously serving sea service” Original Revenue Cutter Service Ensign Quasi-War with France 1798-1801 • Operational area • Prizes • Cooperation with the U.S. Navy • Revenue Cutter Pickering Cutter Pickering during Quasi War Revenue Cutter Eagle USRCS Eagle Cutter Eagle captures French privateer Mehitable War of 1812 • 18 June 1812- U.S. declares war on Great Britain • U.S ships vs. Royal Navy • Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin • The revenue cutters augment the Navy with shallow-draft craft • “Brown Water" combat operations • Revenue Cutter Jefferson Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin USRC Surveyor vs. HMS Narcissus 12 June 1813 • One of the most hotly contested engagements of the war • Surveyor was captured • British commander’s remarks: “Your gallant and desperate attempt to defend your vessel against more than double your number excited such admiration on the part of your opponents as I have seldom witnessed, and induced me to return you the sword you had so ably used...I am at loss which to admire most, the previous arrangement on board the Surveyor or the determined manner in which her deck was disputed inch-by-inch.” Lieutenant John Crerie, RN Cutter Vigilant vs. -
Cutter Recognition and Heritage Programs
Cutter Recognition and Heritage Programs COMDTINST M1650.20A October 2019 This Page Intentionally Left Blank Commandant US Coast Guard Stop 7324 United States Coast Guard 2703 Martin Luther King Jr Ave SE Washington, DC 20593-7324 Staff Symbol: CG-751 Phone: (202) 372-2339 COMDTINST M1650.20A 28 OCTOBER 2019 COMMANDANT INSTRUCTION M1650.20A Subj: CUTTER RECOGNITION AND HERITAGE PROGRAMS Ref: (a) Cutter Training and Qualification Manual, COMDTINST M3502.4 (series) (b) Coast Guard Pay Manual, COMDTINST M7220.29 (series) (c) Enlistments, Evaluations, and Advancements, COMDTINST M1000.2 (series) (d) Invitational Travel Authorizations, COMDTINST 12570.3 (series) (e) Financial Resource Management Manual (FRMM), COMDTINST M7100.3 (series) (f) Coatings and Color Manual, COMDTINST M10360.3 (series) (g) Uniform Regulations, COMDTINST M1020.6 (series) (h) United States Coast Guard Regulations 1992, COMDTINST M5000.3 (series) (i) Hazing Awareness Training, COMDTINST 1610.1 (series) (j) The Commandant’s Anti-Discrimination and Anti-Harassment Policy Statement (k) U.S. Coast Guard Civil Rights Manual, COMDTINST M5350.4 (series) (l) Recognition Programs Manual, COMDTINST M1650.26 (series) 1. PURPOSE. This Manual provides Cuttermen an accessible and coherent touchpoint to cutter recognition and heritage programs through the inclusion of historical milestones, memorials, observances and ceremonies. It also outline the policies, procedures and standards for Office of Cutter Forces (CG-751) to administer these programs. 2. ACTION. All Coast Guard unit commanders, commanding officers, officers-in-charge, deputy and assistant commandants, and chiefs of headquarters staff elements must comply with the provisions of this Manual. Internet release is authorized. 3. DIRECTIVES AFFECTED. a. Ancient Mariner Award, COMDTINST 1650.20, is hereby cancelled. -
Long Night Tankers
David J. Bercuson and Holger H. Herwig Long Night of the Tankers Hitler’s War against Caribbean Oil Long Night of the Tankers BEYOND BOUNDARIES: CANADIAN DEFENCE AND STR ATEGIC STUDIES SERIES Rob Huebert, Series Editor ISSN 1716-2645 (Print) ISSN 1925-2919 (Online) Canada’s role in international military and strategic studies ranges from peace- building and Arctic sovereignty to unconventional warfare and domestic secur- ity. This series provides narratives and analyses of the Canadian military from both an historical and a contemporary perspective. No. 1∙ The Generals: The Canadian Army’s Senior Commanders in the Second World War J.L. Granatstein No. 2∙ Art and Memorial: The Forgotten History of Canada’s War Art Laura Brandon No. 3∙ In the National Interest: Canadian Foreign Policy and the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, 1909–2009 Edited by Greg Donaghy & Michael K. Carroll No. 4∙ Long Night of the Tankers: Hitler’s War Against Caribbean Oil David J. Bercuson and Holger H. Herwig David J. Bercuson and Holger H. Herwig Long Night of the Tankers Hitler’s War against Caribbean Oil Beyond Boundaries: Canadian Defence and Strategic Studies Series ISSN 1716-2645 (Print) ISSN 1925-2919 (Online) © 2014 David J. Bercuson and Holger H. Herwig University of Calgary Press 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4 www.uofcpress.com This book is available as an ebook which is licensed under a Creative Commons license. The publisher should be contacted for any commercial use which falls outside the terms of that license. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Bercuson, David Jay, 1945-, author Long night of the tankers : Hitler’s war against Caribbean oil / David J. -
Sector Boston's New Take on a Long-Standing Training Model
AND IN THE SERVICE BEYOND Sector Boston’s New Take on a Long-Standing Training Model By LTJG Justin S. Daniel ’12 and LTJG Clare M. Snyder ’10 n the Coast Guard, we understand ask the question: How can we make this Ithat our core strength is comprised of age-old training model even better? the talented men and women who wear We began by asking one of our our uniform. It is for this reason that our TAD members, LTJG Jonas Miller ’12 of organization is perpetually committed USCGC THETIS, to use part of his TAD to the professional development of period at Sector Boston to begin drafting its members through educational a new, formal training program for opportunities, service schools, and members who are TAD for the primary special assignments. One way that purpose of professional development. As the Coast Guard regularly fosters his dream sheet deadline approached, professional development opportunities, LTJG Miller was looking to learn from both for its members and those interested Sector Boston more about the Response- in joining the service, is through Ashore community before deciding on Temporary Assigned Duty (TAD) billet selections for his second tour. We training periods. asked him to identify the general needs Whether by hosting Coast Guard and goals that TAD members have when Academy cadets during the summer they arrive at an unfamiliar unit, eager to training period or by welcoming a learn but uncertain about where to start. junior officer hoping to capitalize After LTJG Miller departed Sector on an extended in-port period by Boston one of the authors, LTJG Justin experiencing an unfamiliar field, Daniel ’12, continued to revise the the Coast Guard’s commitment to program that LTJG Miller started, promoting professional development gathering input from the Sector Boston is evident in its willingness to send and Command Cadre and personnel receive members across a wide array of throughout the Sector. -
QD Log Template W/Convention
the QQuuaarrtteerrddeecckk LLoogg Membership publication of the Coast Guard Combat Veterans Association. Publishes quarterly — Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter. Not sold on a subscription basis. The Coast Guard Combat Veterans Association is a Non-Profit Corporation of Active-Duty, Retired, Reserve, and Honorably Discharged Former Members of the United States Coast Guard who served in or provided direct support to combat situations recognized by an appropriate military award while serving as a member of the United States Coast Guard. Volume 29, Number 1 Spring 2014 Ground Broken for Coast Guard Museum Bill Ross Represents CGCVA at May 1st Ceremony in New London, Conn. It was with great pleasure that Rose and I had the honor of attending the deed transfer and groundbreaking ceremony for the National Coast Guard Museum in New London, Conn. The project has been in the works for years and is scheduled to be completed in 2017. Those in attendance included U. S. Coast Guard Commandant Adm. Robert. J. Papp Jr.; Dan Malloy, Governor of Connecticut; U. S. Senators Chris Murphy and Richard Blumenthal; U. S. Repre - sentative for Connecticut's 2nd Congressional District Joe The ground is broken for the National Coast Guard Museum. Courtney; New London Mayor Daryl Justin Finizio, and J. Coleman, Jr., plus other local dignitaries. Chairman, National Coast Guard Museum Association James It was great to have the opportunity to give Adm. Papp one of our new CGCVA Challenge coins. He had informed those present that his tour of duty as commandant would -
The Navy's Greatest Team the Daybook
e Da)'book Volume 5 Issue 2 Winter 1999 • The Navy's Greatest Team The Daybook Volume 5 Issue 2 Winter 1999 ll~tl!liii."P II . .. ,. The Year Ahead-Museum Events for 1999 ............................................................................... .3 Author of The Nightingale's Song Coming to Norfolk ....................... ... ... ... ... .4 ~ I The Navy's Greatest Team ..................................... ........... 6 ~----------------------------------~===-------------~ Features The Director's Column- About The Daybook HRNM Staff SIGN-ificant ............................................ 2 The Daybook is an authorized publicationoftheHampton Director Roads Naval Museum (HRNM). Its contents do not Becky Poulliot necessarily reflect the official view of the U.S. Government, the Department of Defense, the U.S. Navy or the U.S. Curator Marine Corps and do not imply endorsement thereof. Joe Judge ::·~ The Museum Sage looks at Book reviews are solely the opinion of the reviewer. Education Specialist 1 Chesapeake's first War The HRNM is operated and funded by Commander Bob Matteson Navy Region Mid-Atlantic. The museum is dedicated to ~ of 1812 cruise and the study of 220 years of naval history in the Hampton Exhibits Specialist U.S. Navy peacekeeping Roads region. The museum is open daily from 10 a.m. to Marta Nelson 5 p.m. Admission is free. The DaybooKs purpose is to Museum Technician operations .......................... 10 educate and inform readers on historical topics and museum Ofelia Elbo related events. It is written by the staff and volunteers of H M OIC the museum. RN, Questions or comments can be directed to the Hampton Ensign Rod Hartsell Book Reviews ...................................... 12 Roads Naval Museum editor. The Daybook can be reached HRNM LPO/TPU Admin.