An Interview with John Franks
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AN INTERVIEW WITH JOHN FRANKS An Oral History conducted and edited by Robert D. McCracken LINCOLN COUNTY TOWN PROJECT LINCOLN COUNTY, NEVADA CONTENTS Preface........................................................ 4 CHAPTER ONE.................................................... 1 The Franks and Johnson families, and some of their well-known members; Johnson's Law; childhood in Pioche. CHAPTER TWO................................................... 10 Mining in the Pioche area and the geology of the region. CHAPTER THREE................................................. 19 The discussion of Pioche-area mining continues; mining techniques; the Wah Chang mining operation at Timpahute; John Franks' Minerva tungsten mine. CHAPTER FOUR.................................................. 30 Mining at Delamar; other area mines and a further description of their geology; the various miners in the region; fisticuffs; the Fourth of July. CHAPTER FIVE.................................................. 40 Childhood adventures, including a baseball game in Panaca, digging a shaft, a Thanksgiving turkey, blasting for firewood, 12 kids on a car, playing in the old mineshafts and with burros; Pupsize, a town pet. CHAPTER SIX................................................... 50 Edgar L. Nores; more on childhood activities; a great marbles challenge. CHAPTER SEVEN................................................. 59 Tramp miners; more on the mining profession; the hoistman's job; brothels in Lincoln County. CHAPTER EIGHT................................................. 71 Air corps training; flying combat missions over Italy; R and R on the Riviera and in Egypt; John Franks and Catch-22. CHAPTER NINE.................................................. 82 More memories of flying, etc., in World War II; working as a cashier in Las Vegas; memories of the John Franks 2 Boulder Club and other Las Vegas casinos during the 1950s and 1960s. CHAPTER TEN................................................... 92 More recollections on Las Vegas casinos; checking gamblers' credit; various gambling and credit scams. CHAPTER ELEVEN............................................... 103 Pioche churches; old dirt roads in Lincoln County; a fishing trip; early stores and the town's movie theater; the Eagle Valley area; a hard-rock mine. John Franks 3 PREFACE The Lincoln County Town History Project (LCTHP) engages in interviewing people who can provide firsthand descriptions of the individuals, events, and places that give history its substance. The products of this research are the tapes of the interviews and their transcriptions. In themselves, oral history interviews are not history. However, they often contain valuable primary source material, as useful in the process of historiography as the written sources to which historians have customarily turned. Verifying the accuracy of all of the statements made in the course of an interview would require more time and money than the LCTHP's operating budget permits. The program can vouch that the statements were made, but it cannot attest that they are free of error. Accordingly, oral histories should be read with the same prudence that the reader exercises when consulting government records, newspaper accounts, diaries, and other sources of historical information. It is the policy of the LCTHP to produce transcripts that are as close to verbatim as possible, but some alteration of the text is generally both unavoidable and desirable. When human speech is captured in print the result can be a morass of tangled syntax, false starts, and incomplete sentences, sometimes verging on incoherency. The type font contains no symbols for the physical gestures and the diverse vocal modulations that are integral parts of communication through speech. Experience shows that totally verbatim transcripts are often largely unreadable and therefore a waste of the resources expended in their production. While keeping alterations to a minimum the LCTHP will, in preparing a text: a. generally delete false starts, redundancies and the uhs, ahs and other noises with which speech is often sprinkled; b. occasionally compress language that would be confusing to the reader in unaltered form; c. rarely shift a portion of a transcript to place it in its proper context; John Franks 4 d. enclose in [brackets] explanatory information or words that were not uttered but have been added to render the text intelligible; and e. make every effort to correctly spell the names of all individuals and places, recognizing that an occasional word may be misspelled because no authoritative source on its correct spelling was found. John Franks 5 This is Robert McCracken talking to John Franks at his home in Pioche, Nevada, February 21 and 22, 1990. CHAPTER ONE RM: I'll just start by asking you what your name is as it reads on your birth certificate. JF: It's John Jacob Franks - John for my grandfather Franks and Jacob for Jacob Johnson, the sheriff. RM: And when and where were you born? JF: I was actually born in Berkeley, California. My mother had a sister living in Berkeley and she went on down and I was born there. My mother was born in Delamar and my father was born here in Pioche. RM: And what was your birthdate? JF: September 24, 1921. RM: And what was your father's name? JF: George W. Franks. And he was raised here. When he was 9 years old his father died and he more or less had to do the best he could to help the family - he had 3 sisters and one brother. My mother told me that when he was just 9 years old, to help the family he even worked bucking samples in the assay office. And then later he was employed at Thompson's Grocery and Hardware Store, and then went into the bank and was cashier there. And then he went into the service - World War I - and when he came home he ran for and was elected county treasurer. My mother and my father separated and he re-married and went, I think, first to Fallon and later to San Francisco. And his younger brother, Dan Franks, was appointed in his place as county treasurer. Later, in 1935, Dan Franks was elected state treasurer and served 24 years as state treasurer of Nevada. RM: Wow. That's something. What was your Grandfather Franks' occupation? JF: He was a musician, he was a carpenter and he was the undertaker, he was just really a talented person. Grandfather Franks migrated to this country - I'm not certain of the date - back in the late 1800s and he married a girl from England. (I think they were married there, but I'm not certain of that.) They had 3 sons and that branch of the family went by the name of Frank without the "s". RM: What were the names of his 3 sons? JF: The oldest one was Johnnie, and then Louie and then Fred. Louie and Fred never married, but Johnnie Frank was a noted mining man in Tonopah. That branch of the family remained at Tonopah. Most of their history is at Tonopah, in fact, John Franks 1 Johnnie's son Billie Frank was a state senator. And Bobby Frank is still alive. RM: My dad was good friends with Bobby Frank. JF: Bobby is related. He's my cousin. But the strange part is that Mrs. Susan Frank died and my grandfather married her sister, Louisa, and they raised another family. And this branch of the family remained in Pioche. RM: And that's your father. JF: And that's my father. RM: Oh, I see. JF: The older boy was my father, George. And then the youngest of the children was Dan, who became state treasurer. RM: And where did your grandmother - his second wife - come from? JF: They were sisters in England. There was a brother who lived here by the name of Frederick W. Dickle, and I think maybe . everybody remembers him. He was a bachelor but he was a type of person who people remembered. RM: What was your mother's name and her birthplace? JF: My mother's maiden name was Johnson - that's Jake Johnson. But almost the same thing happened with Jake Johnson. RM: Is that right? JF: They were from Denmark, and I imagine some way or other they become involved in the LDS church. RM: Before they came over? JF: Well, I'm not certain of that. Evidently my grandfather's father . I think they were nobility or something and he fell in love with their maid and he was disowned. But anyway, they ended up in American Fort, [Utah]. Now there was one brother, Chris, who was 2 years older than Jake, and as they became young men they were in the freight hauling business. Some way or other they were transporting supplies from that area to Eldorado over near Las Vegas - below the dam on the Colorado River. They came through Panaca, and my Grandfather Jake fell in love with a local girl there by the name of Eliza Langford. His brother disowned him because he stayed, and his brother never spoke to him again the rest of his life. Chris ended up in Helena, Montana, and was a judge there. RM: Is that right? The brother who went on? JF: Yes. But Jake stayed and married Eliza, had 2 daughters by Eliza, and then they divorced and he married my Grandmother Connors. And she already had a family of 6, I believe - 4 boys and 2 girls. RM: Oh, she'd been married before, too. JF: Yes - to a man named Connors. She was connected some way with the LDS Church too. And her maiden name was Evans. RM: And what was her first name? John Franks 2 JF: Oh, boy. I'll have to check with my sister (Elizabeth). Anyway, then they married and Jake and my grandmother had 2 daughters - my mother was the youngest and Edna was the oldest. Edna married Alex Lloyd and my mother married George Franks. So my grandmother and my grandfather had 2 families. Jake was a very burly, tough sort of a person.