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High-Speed Economic Growth of 1984 US Dollar Versus Other Western Currencies Chinese Women Devoted to the Modernization Drive

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High-Speed Economic Growth of 1984 US Dollar Versus Other Western Currencies Chinese Women Devoted to the Modernization Drive Vol. 28, No. 10 March 11, 1985 A CHINESE WEEKLY OF NEWS AND VIEWS High-Speed Economic Growth of 1984 US Dollar Versus Other Western Currencies Chinese Women Devoted to the Modernization Drive Jin Qunying (left), deputy chief engineer at the Yibin Chemical Plant in Sichuan Province, has been rewarded for her Lin Shengrong, a university graduate, works at the Gezhouba achievements in scientific research. SPOTLIQHT Hydroelectric Power Station. She worked out the programme for the computer-controlled cement mixer, which has greatly raised work efficiency. Zhang Aiping (right), a worker with thel Wang Hongyi, a Liuqin (a plucked string Dondong Wristwatch Plant in LiaoningI i instrument) player with a cultural troupe of ^rovince, fulfilled her 10-year prodyctioni the People's Liberation Army, often performs quota in five years. She was elected ol in border areas and on islands. She has deputy to the National People's Congress. received an award. HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK Vol. 28, No. 10 March 11, 1985 Reforms Invigorate 1984 Economy CONTENTS Among last year's economic successes was a 14.2 percent increase in the gross output value of industry and agriculture, NOTES FROM THE EDITORS 4 up to 1,062 billion yuan. More than 407 million tons of grain Party Consolidation Enters Second were harvested, keeping China's status as the word's largest Stage grain producer. Other achievements are also outlined in this article by the minister in charge of the State Economic Com• LEHERS 5 mission (p. 15). EVENTS & TRENDS 6-10 State Contracts Commercial Out• lets US Dollar Versus Other Western Currencies Auto Industry Hits Boom Times War on Rodents Marks Rot Year After analysing the factors favorable to the US dollar, this Women Claiming Their Legal article concludes that the US dollar's rapid rise will slow and Rights hover around the average 1984 level. It predicts the future de• Education, Concern Reform Con• velopment in the dollar's exchange rates with five major Wes• victs tern currencies (p. 18). INTERNATIONAL 11-14 Japan: Economic Growth Brings Changes Party Consolidation Enters Second Stage Jordan-Palestine: Middle East Stalemate Broken The second stage of Party consolidation, begun last win• India-Pakistan: Encouraging Signs ter, will be carried out in conjunction with the economic re• of a Thaw South Africa: Prosperity From forms, to help the Party contribute more to the nation's devel• Workers' Misery opment. After summing up the achievements and problems of Reforms Invigorate 1984 Economy 15 the first stage, this article defines the aim of the second stage (p. 4). Western Money Market: What's in the Cords? 18 Notes From Shonxi (IV): Miners' Loss Makers Should Be Closed Down Past and Present 21 Businesses operating at a loss have reduced China's revenue Discussion: How to Deal With and slowed down modernization. One of the ways suggested Losing Enterprises 25 to solve the problem is to close down these enterprises. The FROM THE CHINESE PRESS 27-28 advantages of this method, and the policies and measures taken to handle the consequences of their closure are discussed BUSINESS & TRADE 29-30 (p. 25). CULTURE & SCIENCE 31-32 SPORTS 33 Japan Experiencing Rapid Changes BOOKS 34 After a period of rapid economic development and single- COVER: The Dong people In Guizhou party rule, Japan is experiencing wide-ranging political, eco• celebrote one of their traditional nomic and psychological changes. An analysis spells out these festivals. Photo by Li Dongri changes and identifies some trends (p. 11). Published every AAonday by China International TradinDistributeg dCorporatio by n I SubtcripMon prices (1 year): BEIJING REVIEW (GUOJI SHUDIAN), Awtrolo .A,$14.00 USA US$1 8.00 24 Baiwanzhuang Road, Beirmg P.O. Box 399, Beijing, China New ZealoiMl... NZ.S18.00 UK. £8.00 The People's Republic of CNna Canada Can. $15.00 NOTES FROM THE EDITORS Party Consolidation Enters Second Stage series of correct principles and take advantage of their positions byANZHIGUO policies. The first task of the and power to allocate more hous• Political Editor • present Party consolidation is to ing for themselves or to secure The Party consolidation has achieve ideological unity through• jobs for their sons and daiighters been going on for more than a out the Party. This is particularly has been stopped. Many Party lead• year. In the first stage, the con• important for the central and ers have repeatedly solicited the solidation of Party organizations provincial leading bodies which opinions and criticisms of the peo• in the departments of the Party were involved in the first stage of ple, made earnest criticisms and Central Committee and in the the movement, because they self-criticisms and have gone deep ministries ^ and commissions of shoulder the heavy responsibility into the grass-roots units to solve the State Council; in the leading problems through investigation bodies of the various provinces, and study. The improved working municipalities and autonomous re• style of Party cadres has raised gions; and in the People's Libera• the Party's prestige among the tion Army was basically com• people. pleted. The second stage of Party consolidation will be A great deal of meticulous work The.second stage began in the carried out in con'iunction has also been done in dealing with winter of 1984 and will continue what is known in China as the through the end of 1985. Party with the economic reforins, "three types of persons," namely, consolidation is now being car• so as to achieve the persons who rose to prominence ried out in the prefectural and goal of promoting the by following the counter-revolution• county organizations and in enter• economic development ary cliques of Lin Biao and Jiang prises, institutions and other units Qing in "rebellion," those who equivalent to these two levels and through Party are seriously factionalist-minded, is expected to be completed by the consolidation. and those who engaged in beating, end of this year. Party organiza• smashing and looting during the tions below the county level are "cultural revolution." The major asked to fulfil the task by the end task is to ferret out these people of next year. of implementing the current princi• from leading organizations, key At the beginning of the con- ples and policies of the Party and Party and government departments sohdation, some people were wor• state. By negating the policies, and the ranks of cadres in reserve. ried that it might go too far, as theories and methods of the Some progress has already been did past political movements. "cultural revolution" through made. Those who are found to be Others thought it would be a mere education. Party members have among the "three types" are dealt formality and would come to acquired a better understanding with differently according to their nought. But according to the Party of what damage the "leftist" specific cases. Some organizations Central Committee, the Party mistakes have caused, and have in which these people held sway consolidation should solve prob• heightened their consciousness and or which were thrown into con• lems while not affecting the determination to implement the fusion by thern have been dis• political stability and unity and Party's current line, principles banded or reorganized. Some the socialist modernization drive. and policies. people who stubbornly cling to Guided by this principle, the Units involved in the first their reactionary stand have been consolidation has proceeded in a stage of the Party consolidatioii punished according to Party dis• healthy way and much has been have earnestly investigated and cipline and state law. achieved in the past year. dealt Svith people seeking to ad• In the Party consolidation, the Since the Third Plenary Session vance personal interests by abusing overwhelming majority of Party of the 11th Central Committee, the power and the serious problems of members have been better educat• Party has systematically corrected bureaucratism. For instance, the ed. Their Party spirit and sense its "leftist" mistakes and formed a tendency of some Party cadres to of discipline have been strengthen- 4 Beijing Review, No. 10 LETTERS Hongkong Question eral times. You give a lot of in• The signing of the Sino-British formation based on the facts of joint declaration on the question your vast efforts to develop and of Hongkong at Beijing's Great industrialize China. Hall of the People on December 19, The articles which you 1984 (see our issue No. 52, 1984), published on Tibet and Xinjiang ed and they have become more was appreciated worldwide. It is a conscious of playing the vanguard were very interesting and instruc• and exemplary role in their work turning point for China's peaceful tive. They helped me understand and among the people. open policy of "one country, two the geography of China and the systems." customs of the different ethnic Of course, the first stage of the Looking forward, the remaining groups living in those regions. Party consolidation left much to obstacles history has left concern• Your information about the devel• be desired. For example, the goal ing Taiwan and Macao will be ne• opment of salt deposits in Qinghai of streamlining Party and govern• gotiated satisfactorily. In general, Lake and a new railroad line to ment institutions has not yet been all territorial disputes among na• Tibet show China is making huge realized. In some units the leader• tions should be settled in a manner efforts to build itseJf into a mod• ship has not been reorganized well similar to the Sino-British agree• ern socialist country. and their Party consolidation has ment. not achieved desirable results. Osmanos O. Haji China had opened four special Some Party and government insti• economic zones like Shenzhen.
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