Received: 1 October 2019 | Accepted: 15 February 2020 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15069 PRIMARY RESEARCH ARTICLE Reforestation and surface cooling in temperate zones: Mechanisms and implications Quan Zhang1,2 | Mallory Barnes2 | Michael Benson2 | Elizabeth Burakowski3 | A. Christopher Oishi4 | Andrew Ouimette3 | Rebecca Sanders-DeMott3 | Paul C. Stoy5,6 | Matt Wenzel7 | Lihua Xiong1 | Koong Yi8 | Kimberly A. Novick2 1State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China 2O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA 3Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA 4Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Otto, NC, USA 5Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA 6Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA 7National Ecological Observatory Network, Battelle, Jamestown, ND, USA 8Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Correspondence Quan Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Water Abstract Resources and Hydropower Engineering Land-use/cover change (LUCC) is an important driver of environmental change, Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. Email:
[email protected] occurring at the same time as, and often interacting with, global climate change. Reforestation and deforestation have been critical aspects of LUCC