Tidal Resonance in the Gulf of Thailand
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The Physical Oceanography of the Gulf of Thailand, Naga Expedition; Bathythermograph (BT) Temperature Observations in the Timor Sea, Naga Expedition, Cruise S11
UC San Diego Naga Report Title The physical oceanography of the Gulf of Thailand, Naga Expedition; Bathythermograph (BT) temperature observations in the Timor sea, Naga Expedition, Cruise S11 Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4mf3d0b7 Author Robinson, Margaret K Publication Date 1974 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California NAGA REPORT Volume 3, Part 1 Scientific Results of Marine Investigations of the South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand 1959-1961 Sponsored by South Viet Nam, Thailand and the United States of America The University of California Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, California 1974 EDITORS: EDWARD BRINTON, WILLIAM A. NEWMAN ASSISTANT EDITOR: NANCE F. NORTH Printing of this volume was made possible through the National Science Foundation Grant GN-32570. The NAGA Expedition was supported by the International Cooperation Administration Contract ICAc-1085. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 74-620121 2 CONTENTS 3 THE PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY OF THE GULF OF THAILAND, NAGA EXPEDITION by Margaret K. Robinson* *Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, California 5 Chart of the Gulf of Thailand showing Cruise Track Lines 6 THE PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY OF THE GULF OF THAILAND, NAGA EXPEDITION CONTENTS 7 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES 8 9 INTRODUCTION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Research Vessel Stranger of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, was engaged in the Naga Expedition in the Gulf of Thailand and the South China Sea during the period of October, 1959, to December, 1960. The expedition was jointly sponsored by the Governments of South Viet Nam, Thailand and the United States of America. -
South China Sea Overview
‹ Countries South China Sea Last Updated: February 7, 2013 (Notes) full report Overview The South China Sea is a critical world trade route and a potential source of hydrocarbons, particularly natural gas, with competing claims of ownership over the sea and its resources. Stretching from Singapore and the Strait of Malacca in the southwest to the Strait of Taiwan in the northeast, the South China Sea is one of the most important trade routes in the world. The sea is rich in resources and holds significant strategic and political importance. The area includes several hundred small islands, rocks, and reefs, with the majority located in the Paracel and Spratly Island chains. Many of these islands are partially submerged land masses unsuitable for habitation and are little more than shipping hazards. For example, the total land area of the Spratly Islands encompasses less than 3 square miles. Several of the countries bordering the sea declare ownership of the islands to claim the surrounding sea and its resources. The Gulf of Thailand borders the South China Sea, and although technically not part of it, disputes surround ownership of that Gulf and its resources as well. Asia's robust economic growth boosts demand for energy in the region. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects total liquid fuels consumption in Asian countries outside the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to rise at an annual growth rate of 2.6 percent, growing from around 20 percent of world consumption in 2008 to over 30 percent of world consumption by 2035. Similarly, non-OECD Asia natural gas consumption grows by 3.9 percent annually, from 10 percent of world gas consumption in 2008 to 19 percent by 2035. -
Recent Declines in Warming and Vegetation Greening Trends Over Pan-Arctic Tundra
Remote Sens. 2013, 5, 4229-4254; doi:10.3390/rs5094229 OPEN ACCESS Remote Sensing ISSN 2072-4292 www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing Article Recent Declines in Warming and Vegetation Greening Trends over Pan-Arctic Tundra Uma S. Bhatt 1,*, Donald A. Walker 2, Martha K. Raynolds 2, Peter A. Bieniek 1,3, Howard E. Epstein 4, Josefino C. Comiso 5, Jorge E. Pinzon 6, Compton J. Tucker 6 and Igor V. Polyakov 3 1 Geophysical Institute, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 903 Koyukuk Dr., Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Institute of Arctic Biology, Department of Biology and Wildlife, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, P.O. Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (D.A.W.); [email protected] (M.K.R.) 3 International Arctic Research Center, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, 930 Koyukuk Dr., Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 4 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 291 McCormick Rd., Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 5 Cryospheric Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 614.1, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 6 Biospheric Science Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 614.1, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (J.E.P.); [email protected] (C.J.T.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-907-474-2662; Fax: +1-907-474-2473. -
Wu Guanzhong's Artistic Career Yong Zhang1,*
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 572 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2021) Wu Guanzhong's Artistic Career Yong Zhang1,* 1 State Specialist Institute of Arts, Rezervnyy Proyezd, D.12, Moscow, 121165 Russia *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Combining with Wu Guanzhong's learning experience, this paper analyzes Chinese oil painting art characteristics in different periods, and the method of integrating traditional Chinese ink and wash painting language with the western modern design language in the aspects such as modelling, colour and composition. Wu Guanzhong successfully used western painting method to show the Oriental artistic conception, and formed unique composition views and forms. With the use of concise and simple colors and free-writing lines, the painter's personal emotions, thoughts and standpoint and deep understanding of life can be expressed. On the basis of in-depth research on the essence, connotation and thought of Chinese and Western art, Wu Guanzhong found the "junction" of the integration of Chinese and Western art. Keywords: Wu Guanzhong, Hangzhou Academy of Art, Ink and wash painting, Oil painting, Integration of Chinese and Western art. 1. INTRODUCTION Wu Guanzhong entered Hangzhou Academy of Art to study Chinese and Western paintings. In the Wu Guanzhong (1919-2010), the People's school, he received direct guidance from teachers Artist, Art Educator, and Professor of the Academy such as Li Chaoshi, Fang Ganmin, and Pan of Arts and Design of Tsinghua University, used to Tianshou. Li Chaoshi and Fang Ganmin are both be an executive director of the Chinese Artists teachers who have returned from studying in Association, a member of the Standing Committee France, but their styles of painting are different. -
Rent Drain Estimation of the Thai Fisheries in the Gulf of Thailand
IIFET 2008 Vietnam Proceedings RENT DRAIN ESTIMATION OF THE THAI FISHERIES IN THE GULF OF THAILAND Pongpat Boonchuwong, Department of Fisheries, [email protected] Waraporn Dechboon, Department of Fisheries, [email protected] ABSTRACT The fishery resources in the Gulf of Thailand have been subjected to excessive levels of fishing effort since perhaps as long as two to three decades. This has caused a change in catch composition with a higher share of short-lived species. The influence of this change on the value of the catch has not been unambiguously negative because some short-lived species fetch a good price. This notwithstanding, the paper shows significant rent losses associated with overfishing and greatly excessive fleet sizes in the Gulf of Thailand for all three of the studied fisheries, namely for demersal resources, Indo-Pacific mackeral and anchovy. Keywords: Rent Drain, Demersal Resources, Indo-Pacific Mackerel, Anchovy, Gulf of Thailand OVERVIEW OF THAI FISHERIES Thailand is one of the top fish producing nations in the world. During 2000-2004, annual fish production was 3.7-4.1 million tonnes. Geographical advantage is one factor attributed to the relative high annual fish production. Thailand has a total land area of about 540,000 km.2 and a coastline of 2,614 km. Marine fishing grounds that fall within Thailand’s Exclusive Economic Zones lie in part of the Gulf of Thailand and part of the Andaman Sea cover the total area of about 316,000 km.2 The area of inland waters is approximately 3,750 km.2 . Besides, over one million hectares of her coastal areas have a potential for coastal aquaculture. -
China-Southeast Asia Relations: Trends, Issues, and Implications for the United States
Order Code RL32688 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web China-Southeast Asia Relations: Trends, Issues, and Implications for the United States Updated April 4, 2006 Bruce Vaughn (Coordinator) Analyst in Southeast and South Asian Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Wayne M. Morrison Specialist in International Trade and Finance Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress China-Southeast Asia Relations: Trends, Issues, and Implications for the United States Summary Southeast Asia has been considered by some to be a region of relatively low priority in U.S. foreign and security policy. The war against terror has changed that and brought renewed U.S. attention to Southeast Asia, especially to countries afflicted by Islamic radicalism. To some, this renewed focus, driven by the war against terror, has come at the expense of attention to other key regional issues such as China’s rapidly expanding engagement with the region. Some fear that rising Chinese influence in Southeast Asia has come at the expense of U.S. ties with the region, while others view Beijing’s increasing regional influence as largely a natural consequence of China’s economic dynamism. China’s developing relationship with Southeast Asia is undergoing a significant shift. This will likely have implications for United States’ interests in the region. While the United States has been focused on Iraq and Afghanistan, China has been evolving its external engagement with its neighbors, particularly in Southeast Asia. In the 1990s, China was perceived as a threat to its Southeast Asian neighbors in part due to its conflicting territorial claims over the South China Sea and past support of communist insurgency. -
Inception of the Modern Public Health System in China
Virologica Sinica www.virosin.org https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00269-4 www.springer.com/12250 (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV) PERSPECTIVE Inception of the Modern Public Health System in China and Perspectives for Effective Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases: In Commemoration of the 140th Anniversary of the Birth of the Plague Fighter Dr. Wu Lien-Teh 1,2 2 1,3,4 1,2 Qingmeng Zhang • Niaz Ahmed • George F. Gao • Fengmin Zhang Received: 30 January 2020 / Accepted: 28 June 2020 Ó Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS 2020 Infectious diseases pose a serious threat to human health insights into the effective prevention and control of and affect social, economic, and cultural development. emerging infectious diseases as well as the current world- Many infectious diseases, such as severe acute respiratory wide pandemic of COVID-19, facilitating the improvement syndrome (SARS, 2013), Middle East respiratory syn- and development of public health systems in China and drome (MERS, 2012 and 2013), Zika virus infection around the globe. (2007, 2013 and 2015), and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19, 2019), have occurred as regional or global epidemics (Reperant and Osterhaus 2017; Gao 2018;Li Etiological Investigation and Bacteriological et al. 2020). In the past 100 years, the world has gradually Identification of the Plague Epidemic established a relatively complete modern public health in the Early 20th Century system. The earliest modern public health system in China was founded by the plague fighter Dr. Wu Lien-Teh In September 1910, the plague hit the Transbaikal region of during the campaign against the plague epidemic in Russia and spread to Manzhouli, a Chinese town on the Northeast China from 1910 to 1911. -
Understanding the Relative Impacts of Natural Processes and Human Activities on the Hydrology of the Central Rift Valley Lakes, East Africa
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES Hydrol. Process. (2015) Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/hyp.10490 Understanding the relative impacts of natural processes and human activities on the hydrology of the Central Rift Valley lakes, East Africa Wondwosen M. Seyoum, Adam M. Milewski* and Michael C. Durham Department of Geology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA Abstract: Significant changes have been observed in the hydrology of Central Rift Valley (CRV) lakes in Ethiopia, East Africa as a result of both natural processes and human activities during the past three decades. This study applied an integrated approach (remote sensing, hydrologic modelling, and statistical analysis) to understand the relative effects of natural processes and human activities over a sparsely gauged CRV basin. Lake storage estimates were calculated from a hydrologic model constructed without inputs from human impacts such as water abstraction and compared with satellite-based (observed) lake storage measurements to characterize the magnitude of human-induced impacts. A non-parametric Mann–Kendall test was used to detect the presence of climatic trends (e.g. a decreasing or increasing trends in precipitation), while the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) analysis was used to assess the long-term, inter-annual climate variability within the basin. Results indicate human activities (e.g. abstraction) significantly contributed to the changes in the hydrology of the lakes, while no statistically significant climatic trend was seen in the basin, however inter-annual natural climate variability, extreme dryness, and prolonged drought has negatively affected the lakes. The relative contributions of natural and human-induced impacts on the lakes were quantified and evaluated by comparing hydrographs of the CRV lakes. -
Petroleum Pollution in the Gulf of Thailand: a Historical Review
Coastal Marine Science 35(1): 234–245, 2012 Petroleum pollution in the Gulf of Thailand: A historical review Gullaya WATTAYAKORN Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. *E-mail: [email protected] Received 15 November 2010; Accepted 18 May 2011 Abstract — With its rapid economic growth in the past three decades, Thailand is encountering serious environmental problems. Among these, the issue of environmental pollution caused by oil has become increasingly important because their usage in large quantities have resulted in negative impacts on marine and coastal ecosystems including health effects on wildlife. Major oil spills are of public concern and usually under control of pollution authorities. However, small oil spills occurring in offshore areas due to ship operations are usually uncontrolled, unaccounted in oil spill balance and have smaller public concern. A re- view is presented of the database generated to the present concerning petroleum hydrocarbons in waters and sediments of the Gulf of Thailand. Historical changes in the extent of contamination are discussed and assessed by comparison to data produced elsewhere. In general, the level of petroleum contamination in the Thai waters is low to medium level compared with more ur- banized and industrialized countries. Nevertheless, continuous monitoring and investigations on the level of petroleum con- tamination are still needed in Thailand. Key words: petroleum hydrocarbons, tar ball, DDPH, PAHs, Gulf of Thailand from oceanographic data measured in 1993-1994 (Wat- Introduction tayakorn et al. 1998) and from monthly-mean winds obtained from meteorological stations around the Upper Gulf during The Gulf of Thailand is a semi-enclosed tropical sea lo- 1980–2000 (Buranapratheprat et al. -
Estuarine Tidal Response to Sea Level Rise: the Significance of Entrance Restriction
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 244 (2020) 106941 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ecss Estuarine tidal response to sea level rise: The significance of entrance restriction Danial Khojasteh a,*, Steve Hottinger a,b, Stefan Felder a, Giovanni De Cesare b, Valentin Heimhuber a, David J. Hanslow c, William Glamore a a Water Research Laboratory, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia b Platform of Hydraulic Constructions (PL-LCH), Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´erale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland c Science, Economics and Insights Division, Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, NSW Government, Locked Bag 1002 Dangar, NSW 2309, Australia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Estuarine environments, as dynamic low-lying transition zones between rivers and the open sea, are vulnerable Estuarine hydrodynamics to sea level rise (SLR). To evaluate the potential impacts of SLR on estuarine responses, it is necessary to examine Tidal asymmetry the altered tidal dynamics, including changes in tidal amplification, dampening, reflection (resonance), and Resonance deformation. Moving beyond commonly used static approaches, this study uses a large ensemble of idealised Idealised method estuarine hydrodynamic models to analyse changes in tidal range, tidal prism, phase lag, tidal current velocity, Ensemble modelling Cluster analysis and tidal asymmetry of restricted estuaries of varying size, entrance configuration and tidal forcing as well as three SLR scenarios. For the first time in estuarine SLR studies, data analysis and clustering approaches were employed to determine the key variables governing estuarine hydrodynamics under SLR. The results indicate that the hydrodynamics of restricted estuaries examined in this study are primarily governed by tidal forcing at the entrance and the estuarine length. -
Salvia Plus Formula (Adapted) Dan Shen Yin
Far East Summit ®® Salvia Plus Formula (Adapted) Dan Shen Yin Biomedical Presentation Angina pectoris , chronic gastritis , peptic ulcer , pancreatitis, hepatitis, and cholecystitis. Clinical Presentation Palpitations , stabbing abdominal pain or epigastric pain which radiates upward , hypochondriac pain, and irritability. Tongue Purplish, possibly pale-purple. Pulse Deep, choppy. Energetic Functions Quickens the blood and transforms stasis, courses the qi, nourishes blood, relieves pain. Chinese Medical Indications Qi stagnation and blood stasis in the middle burner. Blood vacuity. Herbal Ingredients and Analysis Pharmaceutical Latin Binomial Pinyin English Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Salvia miltiorrhiza dan shen Salvia root Radix Polygoni Multiflori Polygonum he shou wu Polygonum (he shou multiflorum wu) root Fructus Mori Albae Morus alba sang shen White Mulberry fruit Fructus Crataegi Crataegus pinnatifida shan zha Chinese Hawthorn berry Semen Cassiae Torae Cassia obtusifolia jue ming zi Cassia seed Rhizoma Alismatis Alisma orientale ze xie Alisma rhizome Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis Schisandra chinensis du zhong Eucommia bark Radix Angelicae Sinensis Angelica sinensis dang gui Dong Quai root Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis Schisandra chinensis wu wei zi Schisandra fruit Radix Rubrus Paeoniae Lactiflorae Paeonia lactifora chi shao Red Peony root Salvia Plus (cont.) Herbal Ingredients and Analysis (cont.) Pharmaceutical Latin Binomial Pinyin English Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis Scutellaria huang qin Scutellaria (huang qin) baicalensis root Lignum Santali Albi Santalum album tan xiang Sandalwood wood Fructus Amomi Amomum villosum sha ren Cardamon Amomum (sha ren) fruit Radix Aucklandiae Lappae Aucklandia lappa mu xiang Saussurea root Salvia nourishes blood, quickens the blood, dispels stasis, and relieves pain. Sandalwood, Cardamon and Saussurea rectify qi. Together these medicinals provide the main action of the formula by quickening blood, transforming stasis and rectifying qi. -
NS-TAST-GD-013 Annex 3 Reference Paper: Analysis of Coastal Flood
ONR Expert Panel on Natural Hazards NS-TAST-GD-013 Annex 3 Reference Paper: Analysis of Coastal Flood Hazards for Nuclear Sites Expert Panel Paper No: GEN-MCFH-EP-2017-2 Sub-Panel on Meteorological & Coastal Flood Hazards October 2018 For more information contact: Office for Nuclear Regulation Building 4, Redgrave Court Merton Road Bootle L20 7HS Email: [email protected] GEN-MCFH-EP-2017-2 TRIM Ref: 2018/316283 Page 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................................... 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................. 4 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 5 2 OVERVIEW OF COASTAL FLOODING, INCLUDING EROSION AND TSUNAMI IN THE UK ........................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Mean sea level ............................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Vertical land movement and gravitational effects ........................................................... 7 2.3 Storm surges ..................................................................................................................8 2.4 Waves ............................................................................................................................