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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 357 2nd International Conference on Education, Economics and Social Science (ICEESS 2019) Thoughts on the Construction of Experimental Zone for Cultural Ecology Protection —Taking the Experimental Area for Cultural Ecology Protection of Tujia and Miao in Wuling Mountains (Southwest Hubei) as an Example Li Yu Institute of Southwest Minority Research Southwest Minzu University Chengdu, China Abstract—The construction of cultural ecology reserves is a of Tujia and Miao minorities in Wuling Mountains (Southwest tentative exploration to inherit and develop excellent traditional Hubei) are rare. This paper attempts to analyze the current culture, aiming to promote the overall living normality protection situation of the experimental zone for cultural ecology of the intangible cultural heritage. Based on the consideration of protection of Tujia and Miao in Wuling Mountains (Southwest the protection status of the Tujia and Miao cultural ecology Hubei), hoping to benefit the exploratory construction of protection areas in Wuling Mountain (Southwest Hubei), this cultural ecology reserves. paper proposes the following strategies to promote construction: implementing the coordinated construction of all levels of government and relevant departments, avoiding the market- II. THE PROPOSAL AND ESTABLISHMENT OF THE oriented operation of culture, improving and innovating the EXPERIMENTAL ZONE FOR CULTURAL ECOLOGY PROTECTION evaluation mechanism, strengthening the protection of talents, In contrast to the natural ecology, cultural ecology is and paying attention to the ethics in the process of protection, to inspired by the concept of animal protection. As the habitats on promote the construction of experimental areas to a new level. which animals depend for their survival are decreasing, the Meanwhile, the protection of intangible cultural heritage must species of animals are declining sharply. Therefore, we must adhere to its integrity, originality and vitality in order to achieve pay attention to protecting the ecological homeland on which more scientific and effective protection. The construction of the cultural ecology protection zone for Tujia and Miao Nationality animals rely. Similarly, the construction of the experimental in Wuling Mountains (Southwest Hubei) is undoubtedly zone for cultural ecology protection learned from the conducive to the harmonious coexistence of multi-culture in experience of animal protection, that is, to protect the relevant southwestern part of Hubei, and is good for the exchange and cultural and ecological environment. integration of ethnic groups and the construction of the Chinese Some scholars regard Stewart's concept of cultural ecology Community. as the theoretical origin of the construction of experimental Keywords—Wuling Mountains, Southwest Hubei, Experimental zone for cultural ecology protection. According to Steward's Zone for Cultural Ecology Protection, overall living normality concept of cultural ecology, different natural environment, protection, construction strategy social and historical development and changes shaped different cultural characteristics of each region, and then he put forward the development law of multi-line evolution of culture. It can I. INTRODUCTION be seen that Steward's concept of cultural ecology is different Different from the previous scattered individual cultural from the theory of cultural ecology in the construction of heritage protection, the construction of cultural ecology experimental areas. Some scholars emphasize the relationship reserves aims to accelerate the overall living normality between culture and living space when interpreting cultural protection focusing on integration. How to protect this new ecology. The external natural and social environment has an protection model to achieve the expected results? The important influence on the development and change of culture. academic circle has not explored a good solution so far. Can Some other scholars regard cultural ecology as a system, that is, productive protection be the main path for the construction of the integrity of culture. Under the guidance of this concept, to the experimental areas for cultural ecology protection? At explore the planning and construction of experimental zone for present, the academia has not paid enough attention to this kind cultural ecology protection. of problem or even this field, which deserves to be explored and discussed. The experimental area for cultural ecology The introduction of the National Experimental Zone for protection of Tujia and Miao in Wuling Mountains (Southwest Cultural Ecology Protection has undoubtedly aroused high Hubei) has the honor to be approved as a national cultural and attention of people from all walks of life to the protection of ecological protection experimental area. However, the research cultural heritage. It has been more than a decade since this results on the experimental area for cultural ecology protection measure was implemented with time quietly flies away. Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 39 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 357 “ National cultural ecology preserve zone refers to the specific Changyang Tujia Autonomous County and Wufeng Tujia areas established with the approval of the Ministry of Culture, Autonomous County in Yichang City, a total of 10 which take the protection of intangible cultural heritage as the administrative areas. According to the representativeness of core, and carry out overall protection of cultural forms with regional cultural characteristics and the concentration of rich historical and cultural accumulation, good survival status, intangible cultural heritage, it can be divided into core areas important values and distinctive characteristics. 1” The national and non-core areas. Among them, Enshi City, Lichuan City and construction of cultural ecology reserves aims to implement Changyang County of Yichang City in Enshi Prefecture are the overall protection of the areas where the intangible cultural core areas of cultural ecology protection. Non-core areas heritage projects are concentrated, that is, to protect the include the remaining seven counties such as Jianshi County. intangible cultural heritage and its related cultural space. It is We can highlight the construction of the characteristic cultural important to protect cultural heritage, because it is a social inheritance system of Tujia and Miao with Enshi City, Lichuan memory that bears witness to the development of human City and Changyang county as the core. civilization and contributes a lot to maintaining the diversity of human culture and enhancing China's cultural soft power. The “In August 1983, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous construction of preserve areas can help cities become more Prefecture was established. In the sixth census in November 2010, there were 3975,661 registered residents in Enshi inclusive and creative and inject vitality into urban development. It is of great significance to expand excellent Prefecture, and ethnic minority population accounted for 54% traditional culture, to build socialist culture with Chinese of the total population, of which Tujia was about 46%, and characteristics, to enhance national self-confidence and Miao was about 6.5%. In July 1984, Changyang Tujia consolidate national unity, to promote the harmonious Autonomous County and Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County development of Chinese society, and to show the power of the were established. In 2009, the registered population of country and to improve the image of the country. Changyang was 420,000, among which the Tujia population accounted for 51%.During the same period, the registered The so-called experimental areas indicate that the population of Wufeng was about 208,000, of which 84.77% construction of cultural ecology reserves in China is at the were ethnic minorities dominated by Tujia nationality. ” [2] experimental stage, and it has not yet explored a relatively good protection plan or model, which still needs further study. The experimental area in southwest Hubei is one of the areas where Tujia, Miao and other ethnic groups have long In August 2014, the experimental area of cultural ecology been intertwined and lived next to each other for a long time, protection of Tujia and Miao nationalities in Wuling Mountains which is one of the regions where the complex characteristics (southwest Hubei) was approved by the Ministry of Culture as of national culture are more evident. The living environment a national experimental area for cultural ecology protection. determines the close economic and cultural exchanges and Since then, the southwestern part of Hubei has become the first blending among the ethnic groups in this region. In the long- region that was listed in the National Experimental Zone for term interaction between the Tujia and Miao nationalities, the cultural ecology protection in Hubei province, and the 16th culture of Wuling mountains with the characteristics of National Experimental Zone has been established. The southwest Hubei has been formed. protection of cultural heritage in Hubei Province has shifted from he scattered protection of individual heritage in the The experimental area for cultural ecology protection of traditional sense to the regional integrated protection mode. Tujia
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