Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Summary Report June 23-24, 2010 Atlanta, Georgia Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Summary Report June 23-24, 2010 Table of Contents Page Agenda 4-5 Acronyms 6-8 Wednesday, June 23 Welcome and Introductions 9-14 Evidence-Based Recommendations Work Group Introduction: ACIP Implementation of an Explicit Evidence-Based Recommendations Format Professional Organization Perspectives on Development and Endorsement of Recommendations 14-45 GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) WHO’s Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE): Approach to Evidence-Based Framework Based on GRADE Meningococcal Vaccine Introduction Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) After Receipt of Menactra 46-73 Update on Monitoring of GBS after Receipt of Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccines Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccines and BGS Update on Meningococcal Vaccination Programs Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccines 73-75 HPV Vaccine Update Hepatitis Vaccines Update on Hepatitis Vaccines Work Group Trends in Acute Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Disease 75-100 Hepatitis B Risk Among Persons With and Without Diabetes Mellitus Hepatitis B Vaccine Safety and Seroprotection Rates Among Persons with Diabetes Mellitus Preview of Proposed Recommendations; Request for Additional Information Pertussis Vaccines Update on Pertussis Vaccines Work Group Activities 100-109 Update on the Pertussis Vaccine Program 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13) PCV13 VFC Correction 110 Vaccine Supply 111 Public Comments Day 1 112 2 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Summary Report June 23-24, 2010 Thursday, June 24 Agency Updates CDC Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Department of Defense (DoD) 112-115 Department of Veteran’s Affairs (DVA) Heath Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Indian Health Services (I HS) National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC) National Vaccine Program Office (NVPO) Influenza Vaccines Introduction 116-148 Influenza Season Update and Summary Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Influenza Vaccine Work Group Update: Seasonal Doses for Children <9 Receiving No Prior 2009 H1N1 Monovalent 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Monovalent Vaccine Safety Studies Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Immunoprophylaxis Introduction Epidemiology of RSV Infections 149-157 History of RSV Immunoprophylaxis Summary Healthcare Reform 158-164 Implications for National Immunization Policy and Practice Rotavirus Vaccines 164-177 Update on Porcine Cirocovirus in Rotavirus Vaccines Public Comment Day 2 177-180 Certification 181 Participant Roster 182-188 3 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Summary Report June 23-24, 2010 MEETING OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES (ACIP) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Tom Harkin Global Communications Center (Building 19), Atlanta, Georgia June 23-24, 2010 AGENDA ITEM PURPOSE PRESIDER/PRESENTER(s) Wednesday, June 23, 2010 8:00 Welcome & Introductions Dr. Carol Baker (Chair, ACIP) Dr. Larry Pickering (Executive Secretary, ACIP; CDC) 8:30 Evidence Based Recommendations Introduction: ACIP implementation of an explicit Information Dr. Jonathan Temte evidence-based recommendation format (ACIP, WG Chair) Professional organization perspectives on & AAFP: Dr. Doug Campos-Outcalt development and endorsement of recommendations AAP: Dr. Joseph Bocchini Discussion ACP: Dr. Gregory Poland GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Dr. Holger Schünemann Development and Evaluation) Information (McMaster University, Canada) WHO’s Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE): & Dr. Arthur Reingold (UC Berkeley approach to evidence-based recommendations Discussion SPH, SAGE Member) Pilot of explicit evidence-based framework based on Dr. Faruque Ahmed (CDC/NCIRD) GRADE 10 :45 Break 11:15 Meningococcal Vaccine Introduction Information Dr. Cody Meissner (ACIP, WG Chair) Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) after receipt of Dr. Priscilla Velentgas Menactra & (Harvard Pilgrim) Update on monitoring of GBS after receipt of Mr. Eric Weintraub (CDC/NCEZID) meningococcal conjugate vaccines Discussion Meningococcal conjugate vaccines and GBS Vote Dr. Amanda Cohn (CDC/NCIRD) Update on meningococcal vaccination program Dr. Amanda Cohn (CDC/NCIRD) 12:30 Lunch 1:30 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccines HPV vaccine update Information Dr. Lauri Markowitz & (CDC/NCHHSTP) Discussion 1:45 Hepatitis Vaccines Update on Hepatitis Vaccines Work Group Information Dr. Mark Sawyer (ACIP, WG Chair) Trends in acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) disease Dr. Ruth Jiles (CDC/NCHHSTP) Hepatitis B risk among persons with and without & Dr. Dale Hu (CDC/NCHHSTP) diabetes mellitus Hepatitis B vaccine safety and seroprotection rates Discussion Dr. Philip Spradling (CDC/NCHHSTP) among persons with diabetes mellitus Preview of proposed recommendations; request for Dr. Trudy Murphy (CDC/NCHHSTP) additional information 4 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Summary Report June 23-24, 2010 3:30 Break 3:45 Pertussis Vaccines Update on Pertussis Vaccines Work Group activities Information Dr. Mark Sawyer (ACIP, WG Chair) Update on the Pertussis Vaccine Program & Dr. Jennifer Liang (CDC/NCIRD) Discussion 4:30 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13) PCV13 VFC correction VFC vote Dr. Lance Rodewald (CDC/ NCIRD) 4:45 Vaccine Supply Update on vaccine supply Information Dr. Lance Rodewald (CDC/ NCIRD) Discussion 5:00 Public Comment 5:15 Adjourn Thursday, June 24, 2010 8:0 0 Agency Updates (CDC, CMS, DOD, DVA, FDA, HRSA, IHS, Informatio n ACIP Ex Officio Members NIH, NVAC, NVPO) 8:15 Influenza Vaccines Introduction Information Dr. Kathy Neuzil (ACIP, WG Chair) Influenza season update and summary & Dr. Tony Fiore (CDC/NCIRD) Influenza vaccine effectiveness Discussion Dr. David Shay (CDC/NCIRD) Influenza Vaccine Work Group update Dr. Anthony Fiore (CDC/NCIRD) Vote on number of doses of seasonal vaccine Information required for children age <9 years who received Discussion no prior 2009 H1N1 monovalent vaccine Vote VFC vote VFC Vote Dr. Lance Rodewald (CDC/NCIRD) 2009 pandemic H1N1 monovalent vaccine safety Information Dr. Frank DeStefano (ISO/NCEZID) studies & Dr. Tracy Lieu (Harvard Pilgrim) Discussion Dr. Hector Izurieta (CBER/FDA) 10:45 Break 11:00 Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Immunoprophylaxis Introduction Information Dr. Lance Chilton (ACIP, WG Chair) Epidemiology of RSV infections Information Dr. Gayle Fischer Langley & (CDC/NCIRD) History of RSV immunoprophylaxis Discussion Dr. Cody Meissner (ACIP Member) Summary Dr. Lance Chilton (ACIP, WG Chair) 12:15 Lunch 1:15 Health Care Reform and its Implications for National Information Attorney Sara Rosenbaum Immunization Policy and Practice (ACIP Member) 1:45 Rotavirus Vaccines Update on porcine circovirus in rotavirus vaccines Information Dr. Umesh Parashar (CDC/NCIRD) Dr. Margaret Cortese (CDC/NCIRD) Discussion Dr. Wellington Sun (FDA) Dr. Len Friedland (GSK) Ms. Kim Dezura (Merck) 3:15 Public Comment 5 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Summary Report June 23-24, 2010 3:30 Adjourn Acronyms AAFP American Academy of Family Physicians AAP American Academy of Pediatrics ABCs Active Bacterial Core surveillance system ACHA American College Health Association ACP American College of Physicians ACIP Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices AGREE Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation AIAB Adult Immunization Advisory Board of ACP AEs Adverse Events AHIP America’s Health Insurance Plans AHRQ Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality AMA American Medical Association ANA American Nurses Association AOA American Osteopathic Association ARRA American Recovery and Reinvestment Act ASTHO Association of State and Territorial Health Officials BLA Biologics License Application BRFSS Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System CBER Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CEAS Clinical Efficacy Assessment Subcommittee of ACP CER Comparative Effectiveness Research CIDP chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy CLL childhood lymphoblastic leukemia CMS Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services COGS Conference on Guideline Standardization COI Conflict of Interest COID Committee on Infectious Diseases of AAP COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease CSAPH Council on Science and Public Health of AMA CSTE Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists CVD Cardiovascular Disease DHQP Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion DoD Department of Defense DSMB Data Safety Monitoring Board DVA Department of Veterans Affairs DVH Division of Viral Hepatitis (of NCIRD) EBV Epstein-Barr Virus EBRWG Evidence Based Recommendations Work Group’s EIP Emerging Infections Program EMR Electronic Medical Records FDA Food and Drug Administration GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation GBS Guillain Barré Syndrome GMCs Geometric Mean Concentrations GMTs Geometric Mean Titers GRADE Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation GSK GlaxoSmithKline 6 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Summary Report June 23-24, 2010 HGT Horizontal gene transfer HICPAC Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee HepA Hepatitis A HepB Hepatitis B HHS Department of Health and Human Services Hib Haemophilus influenzae B HPV Human Papillomavirus HRSA Health
Recommended publications
  • MCBH 20191105 Submittedmat
    From: John Robinson To: Christopher Weisgram Subject: Fw: [SUSPECTED SPAM] Marathon County Board Meeting 10/1/19 - Public Comment; Kayla Gorman Date: Tuesday, October 22, 2019 9:16:09 AM Attachments: PIC Immunocompromised Children.pdf PIC Waning Immunity & Measles.pdf PIC Measles Info.pdf From: kkHAL <[email protected]> Sent: Monday, September 30, 2019 12:11 PM Subject: [SUSPECTED SPAM] Marathon County Board Meeting 10/1/19 - Public Comment; Kayla Gorman Good Afternoon, I am writing to express my concerns and opposition to the resolution that supports the removal of the personal conviction vaccine exemption that will be voted on during tomorrows Marathon County Board Meeting. I've included my detailed comments below, along with references and educational handouts from Physicians for Informed Consent that further support my comments below. Please vote NO and leave this decision between parents and their health care provider. My name is Kayla Gorman and I am a mother to a 19-month-old and have another baby on the way. The one size fits all vaccine policies and laws, which fail to respect biodiversity and force everyone to be treated the same, places an unfair risk on a minority of unidentified individuals that are unable to survive vaccination without being harmed. Parents can, in partnership with their child’s health care provider, make informed decisions that best suits their family and their own medical history, whether that decision be to fully vaccinate according to the CDC schedule, partially vaccinate, vaccinate on an alternative schedule or not vaccinate at all. Prior to any medical procedure, the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Autism and Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination Controversy Laid to Rest?
    CNS Drugs 2001; 15 (11): 831-837 CURRENT OPINION 1172-7047/01/0011-0831/$22.00/0 © Adis International Limited. All rights reserved. Autism and Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination Controversy Laid to Rest? Frank DeStefano1 and Robert T. Chen2 1 National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Atlanta, Georgia, USA 2 National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Abstract It has been suggested that vaccination, particularly with measles-mumps-ru- bella (MMR) vaccine, may be related to the development of autism. The main evidence for a possible association is that the prevalence of autism has been increasing at the same time that infant vaccination coverage has increased, and that in some cases there is an apparent temporal association in which autistic characteristics are first noted shortly after vaccination. Although the prevalence of autism and similar disorders appears to have increased recently, it is not clear if this is an actual increase or the result of increased recognition and changes in diagnostic criteria. The apparent onset of autism in close proximity to vaccination may be a coincidental temporal association. The clinical evidence in support of an association derives from a series of 12 patients with inflammatory bowel conditions and regressive developmental disorders, mostly autism. The possibil- ity that measles vaccine may cause autism through a persistent bowel infection has generated much interest, since it provides a possible biological mechanism. Epidemiological studies, however, have not found an association between MMR vaccination and autism. The epidemiological findings are consistent with current understanding of the pathogenesis of autism, which has a strong genetic compo- nent and in which the neurological defects probably occur early in embryonic development.
    [Show full text]
  • Vaccine Safety Quarterly (VSQ) ​| ​Fall 2020
    Vaccine Safety Quarterly (VSQ) | Fall 2020 ​ ​ Brighton Collaboration 2.0 Frederick Varricchio, PhD, MD - Editor in Chief ​ The Brighton Collaboration Standardized Templates for Collection of Key Information for Benefit-Risk Assessment of Vaccines by Technology (BRAVATO; formerly V3SWG) Safe and effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are The Brighton Collaboration’s BRAVATO (Benefit-Risk ​ widely seen as the best long term solution for the Assessment of Vaccines by Technology), formerly the COVD-19 pandemic. As of September 4, 2020, 234 Viral Vector Vaccines Safety or V3SWG, Working COVID-19 vaccines are currently under Group has developed standard templates for benefit- ​ development, 31 of which are in Phase 1 or Phase 2 risk assessment of vaccine technologies for the main human trials and eight in Phase 3. The remainder are COVID-19 platforms. The templates aim to increase ​ in preclinical studies. The candidate vaccines use a the comparability and transparency of information, wide range of both established and novel provide a checklist-like tool for managing potential technologies. Established technologies comprise complex risks, and increase scientific literacy and those for which successful human vaccines exist and discussion among stakeholders of otherwise highly include inactivated whole virus, live attenuated virus, technical information. viral vectored or antigenic viral proteins produced by The nucleic acid (DNA and RNA), protein, and recombinant DNA technology. Novel technologies ​ ​ ​ include platforms for which no licensed human inactivated viral vector vaccines templates have ​ been recently published in Vaccine, a​ nd the vaccines exist, including nucleic acid (RNA and DNA) ​ vaccines. Several vaccines using these novel templates for viral vector vaccines (Version 2.0), and technologies are among the most advanced of the live attenuated viral vaccines will be published in the COVID19 vaccine candidates, already in Phase 2 or 3 near future.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Markets for Vaccines
    U.S. Markets for Vaccines U.S. Markets for Vaccines Characteristics, Case Studies, and Controversies Ernst R. Berndt, Rena N. Denoncourt, and Anjli C. Warner The AEI Press Publisher for the American Enterprise Institute WASHINGTON, D.C. Distributed to the Trade by National Book Network, 15200 NBN Way, Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214. To order call toll free 1-800-462-6420 or 1-717-794-3800. For all other inquiries please contact the AEI Press, 1150 Seventeenth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 or call 1-800-862-5801. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Berndt, Ernst R. U.S. markets for vaccines : characteristics, case studies, and controversies / Ernst R. Berndt, Rena N. Denoncourt, and Anjli C. Warner. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8447-4280-9 ISBN-10: 0-8447-4280-5 1. Vaccines industry—United States. 2. Market surveys—United States. I. Denoncourt, Rena N. II. Warner, Anjli C. III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Vaccines—economics—United States. 2. Drug Discovery—economics—United States. 3. Drug Industry—economics—United States. QW 805 B524u 2009] HD9675.V333.U6 2009 381'.456153720973—dc22 2009006713 13 12 11 10 09 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 © 2009 by the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, Wash- ington, D.C. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be used or repro- duced in any manner whatsoever without permission in writing from the American Enterprise Institute except in the case of brief quotations embodied in news articles, critical articles, or reviews. The views expressed in the publications of the American Enterprise Institute are those of the authors and do not neces- sarily reflect the views of the staff, advisory panels, officers, or trustees of AEI.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 84, No. 59/Wednesday, March 27, 2019
    Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 59 / Wednesday, March 27, 2019 / Proposed Rules 11473 coating removal to professional users in Environmental Defense Fund. EPA–HQ– effects on children pursuant to the UK, given the requirements for OPPT–2016–0231–0912. Executive Order 13045, entitled limited access that are in place there? 6. Public Comment. DoD Comments on MeCl ‘‘Protection of Children from and NMP 19 Jan 17 Notice of Proposed Environmental Health Risks and Safety IV. Request for Comment and Rulemaking Methylene Chloride and N- Risks’’ (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997); or Additional Information Methylpyrrolidone; Rulemaking under TSCA Section 6(a). EPA–HQ–OPPT– to consider human health or EPA is seeking comment on all 2016–0231–0519. environmental effects on minority or information outlined in this ANPRM 7. Halogenated Solvents Industry Alliance. low-income populations pursuant to and any other information, which may Responsibly Regulating Methylene Executive Order 12898, entitled not be included in this notice, but Chloride in Paint Removal Products: an ‘‘Federal Actions to Address which you believe is important for EPA Alternative Approach to Flawed Environmental Justice in Minority to consider. Proposal Published by EPA on January Populations and Low-Income EPA specifically invites public 19, 2017. Populations’’ (59 FR 7629, February 16, comment and any additional 8. EPA. How to Get Certified as a Pesticide 1994). Applicator. https://www.epa.gov/ information in response to the questions The Agency will consider such and issues identified in Unit III. pesticide-worker-safety/how-get- certified-pesticide-applicator. Accessed comments during the development of Instructions for providing written December 18, 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • The MMR Vaccine and Autism
    HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Annu Rev Manuscript Author Virol. Author Manuscript Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 September 29. Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Virol. 2019 September 29; 6(1): 585–600. doi:10.1146/annurev-virology-092818-015515. The MMR Vaccine and Autism Frank DeStefano, Tom T. Shimabukuro Immunization Safety Office, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA; Abstract Autism is a developmental disability that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges. A report published in 1998, but subsequently retracted by the journal, suggested that measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine causes autism. However, autism is a neurodevelopmental condition that has a strong genetic component with genesis before one year of age, when MMR vaccine is typically administered. Several epidemiologic studies have not found an association between MMR vaccination and autism, including a study that found that MMR vaccine was not associated with an increased risk of autism even among high-risk children whose older siblings had autism. Despite strong evidence of its safety, some parents are still hesitant to accept MMR vaccination of their children. Decreasing acceptance of MMR vaccination has led to outbreaks or resurgence of measles. Health-care providers have a vital role in maintaining confidence in vaccination and preventing suffering, disability, and death from measles and other vaccine-preventable diseases. Keywords measles; mumps; rubella vaccine; MMR vaccine; autism; autism spectrum disorder; ADS; vaccination; immunization; vaccine safety 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND The most damaging vaccine safety controversy of recent years began as an exploration of the possible role of measles and measles vaccines in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
    [Show full text]
  • Vaccine Safety in the United States: Overview and Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccines
    Vaccine Safety in the United States: Overview and Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccines Updated January 29, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46593 SUMMARY R46593 Vaccine Safety in the United States: Overview January 29, 2021 and Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccines Kavya Sekar Widespread immunization efforts have been linked to increased life expectancy and Analyst in Health Policy reduced illness. U.S. vaccination programs, headed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Agata Bodie have helped eradicate smallpox and nearly eradicate polio globally, and eliminate Analyst in Health Policy several infectious diseases domestically. With the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID- 19) pandemic now causing major health and economic impacts across the world, efforts have been underway to make safe and effective vaccines available quickly to help curb spread of the virus. As of the date of this report, there are two COVID-19 vaccines authorized for emergency use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and recommended by the CDC. Additional vaccines may receive authorization within months. Background Federal regulation of vaccine safety began with the Biologics Control Act of 1902, which was the first federal law to require premarket review of pharmaceutical products. Since the 1902 law was enacted, federal vaccine safety activities have expanded, with the aim of minimizing the possibility of adverse events following vaccination and detecting new adverse events as quickly as possible. Today, as covered in this report, federal efforts to ensure vaccine safety include the following activities: Premarket requirements: Clinical trials, or testing of investigational vaccines in human subjects, and U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Popular Challenges to Scientific Authority in the Vaccine Controversies of the 21St Century" (2012)
    Providence College DigitalCommons@Providence Annual Undergraduate Conference on Health Third Annual Undergraduate Conference on and Society Health and Society Mar 31st, 2:30 PM - 4:00 PM Sick With Fear: Popular Challenges to Scientific uthorityA in the Vaccine Controversies of the 21st Century Ellen Watkins University of California - Los Angeles Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/auchs Part of the Allergy and Immunology Commons, Broadcast and Video Studies Commons, Communication Technology and New Media Commons, Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons, Health Communication Commons, Influenza Virus accinesV Commons, Medical Immunology Commons, Preventive Medicine Commons, and the Theory, Knowledge and Science Commons Watkins, Ellen, "Sick With Fear: Popular Challenges to Scientific Authority in the Vaccine Controversies of the 21st Century" (2012). Annual Undergraduate Conference on Health and Society. 2. https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/auchs/2012/panelc1/2 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences & Events at DigitalCommons@Providence. It has been accepted for inclusion in Annual Undergraduate Conference on Health and Society by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Providence. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Sick With Fear Popular Challenges to Scientific Authority in the Vaccine Controversies of the 21st Century By Ellen Watkins Abstract In the 20th century, vaccines were heralded as one of the greatest medical inventions in history. In the late 1990’s, however, the myth of vaccine-caused autism caught fire. Despite mountains of evidence disproving the link, panicking Americans eschewed vaccines and turned against their physicians. Why did Americans turn their backs on doctors, scientists, and the health industry? This paper follows the vaccine controversy of the last thirty years, looking in particular at the relationship between science and the media.
    [Show full text]
  • Overview and Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccines
    Vaccine Safety in the United States: Overview and Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccines November 4, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46593 SUMMARY R46593 Vaccine Safety in the United States: Overview November 4, 2020 and Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccines Kavya Sekar Widespread immunization efforts have been linked to increased life expectancy and reduced Analyst in Health Policy illness. U.S. vaccination programs, headed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), have helped eradicate Agata Dabrowska smallpox and nearly eradicate polio globally, and eliminate several infectious diseases Analyst in Health Policy domestically. With the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic now causing major health and economic impacts across the world, efforts are underway to make safe and effective vaccines available quickly to help curb spread of the virus. Background Federal regulation of vaccine safety began with the Biologics Control Act of 1902, which was the first federal law to require premarket review of pharmaceutical products. Since the 1902 law was enacted, federal vaccine safety activities have expanded, with the aim of minimizing the possibility of adverse events following vaccination and detecting new adverse events as quickly as possible. Today, as covered in this report, federal efforts to ensure vaccine safety include the following activities: Premarket requirements: Clinical trials, or testing of investigational vaccines in human subjects, and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensure or authorization. Clinical recommendations: Recommendations for the clinical use of vaccines by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), and CDC clinical guidance and resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Vaccine Safety Basics Learning Manual
    VACCINE SAFETY BASICS learning manual The content of this course has been compiled by leading international vaccine experts who are committed to the promo- tion of best practice in the implementation of immunization programmes across the world. CONTRIBUTORS Molly Mort (project coordinator and writer of a pilot course, which served as basis of this course). Adele Baleta (South Africa), Frank Destefano (US CDC), Jane G. Nsubuga (US CDC), Claudia Vellozzi (US CDC), Ushma Mehta (Medicines Control Council, South Africa), Robert Pless (Public Health Agency of Canada), Siti Asfijah Abdoellah (NADFC Indonesia), Prima Yosephine (EPI-MOH, Indonesia), Sherli Karolina (EPI-MOH, Indonesia). PHOTO CREDITS Barbara Pahud (Children’s Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, UMKC), WHO Photo Library, CDC Photo Library. OVERALL COORDINATION (WHO) Patrick Zuber, Philipp Lambach. DESIGN AND TECHNICAL IMPLEMENTATION Oksana Fillmann, Munich. SEND US FEEDBACK Please let us know how you liked the course. Send us an email with your suggestions to: [email protected]. © World Health Organization 2013 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; email: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; email: [email protected]). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • Oregon Medical Board Suspends Dr. Paul Thomas for Practicing Informed Consent
    Oregon Medical Board Suspends Dr. Paul Thomas for Practicing Informed Consent Paul Thomas, MD, has had his medical license suspended essentially for respecting parents’ right to informed consent for vaccinations. By Jeremy R. Hammond March 2021 © 2021 by Jeremy R. Hammond All Rights Reserved www.JeremyRHammond.com Contents • Introduction • A Young “Revolutionary” in Africa • The Path of a Pro-Vaccine Pediatrician • The Proven Untrustworthiness of Public Health Offi- cials • The Endemic Corruption within the Medical Estab- lishment • The Absence of Studies Examining the Safety of the CDC’s Schedule • Dr. Paul’s Awakening • Oregon State’s Rejection of the Right to Informed Consent • Punishing Doctors for Serving Their Patients Rather than the State • Dr. Paul’s Vaccine-Friendly Plan • The Oregon Medical Board Takes Aim at Dr. Paul • A Local Newspaper Joins in the Attacks on Dr. Paul • While CDC Stalls, Independent Researchers Forge Ahead • Measuring the Wrong Health Outcomes • How the Media Reported Dr. Paul’s Suspension • The Oregon Medical Board’s Accusations • What Dr. Paul’s Patient Data Tell Us about the Health of Unvaccinated Children • Conclusion • Notes Introduction n December 3, 2020, the Oregon Medical Board is- sued an emergency suspension order to prevent re- O nowned pediatrician Paul Thomas, MD, from see- ing his patients by stripping him of his license. The ostensible reason given by the board for this action against Thomas, who is affectionately known as “Dr. Paul” by his patients and peers, is that his “continued practice constitutes an immediate danger to public health”. Thomas is perhaps most well known as coauthor, along with Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Using and Misusing Legal Decisions: Why Antivaccine Claims About NVICP Cases Are Wrong
    University of California, Hastings College of the Law UC Hastings Scholarship Repository Faculty Scholarship 2019 Using and Misusing Legal Decisions: Why Antivaccine Claims About NVICP Cases Are Wrong Dorit Rubinstein Reiss UC Hastings College of the Law, [email protected] Rachel Heap Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/faculty_scholarship Recommended Citation Dorit Rubinstein Reiss and Rachel Heap, Using and Misusing Legal Decisions: Why Antivaccine Claims About NVICP Cases Are Wrong, 20 Minn. J. L. Sci. & Tech. 191 (2019). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/faculty_scholarship/1739 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Using and Misusing Legal Decisions: Why Anti-Vaccine Claims about NVICP Cases Are Wrong Dorit Rubinstein Reiss*and Rachel Heap† Abstract The question of whether vaccines cause autism spectrum disorder (autism, or ASD) has been extensively studied. Studies from different countries around the world, looking at millions of children in total, examined it and found no link. Despite this powerful evidence, the actions of a small group who fervently believe that vaccines cause autism may lead people to question the data. One tactic used to argue that vaccines cause autism is the use of compensation decisions from the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program to claim such a link. This article demonstrates that not only does the nature of proof in the program make its decisions ill-suited to challenging the science but also that the cases used do not, in their content, support that conclusion.
    [Show full text]