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Traits-Based and Perception Approaches for Management of Invasive Exotic Species from Tropical Botanic Gardens
TRAITS-BASED AND PERCEPTION APPROACHES FOR MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE EXOTIC SPECIES FROM TROPICAL BOTANIC GARDENS DECKY INDRAWAN JUNAEDI Submitted in the total fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2018 School of Biosciences University of Melbourne 1 Abstract ABSTRACT The factors driving plant invasion are key questions in invasion ecology. Traits also can act as indicators of plant invasion processes. If traits are proven to be a significant proxy for plant invasiveness, then invasiveness of exotic species may be efficiently predicted by measuring traits. Botanic gardens have consistently supported ex-situ plant conservation, research, and environmental education. However, botanic gardens can also be pathways of exotic invasive species introduction. Botanic gardens should become a strategic stakeholder for exotic invasive plant species management. For exotic invasive species management, we cannot solely rely on ecological approaches. Social perception is an important component of invasive species management. Social perception may become either a problem or a solution for invasive species management. These perceptions should be clarified among relevant stakeholders to minimize conflicts of interest among relevant stakeholders of invasive species management. This study focuses on invasive plant species in tropical environments and the aim of this study is to answer the following questions: (1) Focusing on the relationship between exotic species abundance and traits in the tropical ecosystem, what traits -
Floristic Analysis of Marmoucha's Plant Diversity (Middle Atlas, Morocco)
LAZAROA 34: 117-140. 2013 doi: 10.5209/rev_LAZA.2013.v34.n1.40753 ISSN: 0210-9778 Floristic analysis of Marmoucha’s plant diversity (Middle Atlas, Morocco) Fatima Nassif & Abbès Tanji (*) Abstract: Nassif, F. & Tanji, A. Floristic analysis of Marmoucha’s plant diversity (Middle Atlas, Morocco). Lazaroa 34: 117-140 (2013). As part of an ethnobotanical exploration among the Berbers of Marmoucha in the Middle Atlas in Morocco, a floristic analysis was conducted to inventory the existing plants and assess the extent of plant diversity in this area. Located in the eastern part of the Middle Atlas, the Marmoucha is characterized by the presence of various ecosystems ranging from oak and juniper forests to high altitude steppes typical from cold areas with thorny plants. The fieldwork was conducted over five years (2008-2012) using surveys and informal techniques. The results show that the number of species recorded in Marmoucha is 508 distributed over 83 families and 325 genera, representing 13%, 54% and 33% of species, families and genera at the national level, respectively. With 92 species, the Asteraceae is the richest family, representing 18% of the total reported followed by Poaceae and the Fabaceae . From a comparative perspective, the ranking of the eight richer families of the local flora in relation to their position in the national flora reveals a significant match between the positions at local and national levels with slight ranking differences except in the case of Rosaceae. In the study area, the number of endemics is significant. It amounts to 43 species and subspecies belonging to 14 families with the Asteraceae counting 10 endemics. -
Flora Del Valle De Lerma (Prov
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repositorio de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales del Noroeste... APORTES BOTÁNICOS DE SALTA - Ser. Flora HERBARIO MCNS FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS NATURALES UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SALTA Buenos Aires 177 - 4400 Salta - República Argentina ISSN 0327 – 506X Vol. 8 Febrero 2008 Nº 10 Edición Internet Mayo 2012 FLORA DEL VALLE DE LERMA A G A V A C E A E Endl. Lázaro Juan Novara1 Árboles o arbustos vigorosos, raro sufrútices o hierbas xerófitas perennes, hapaxantes o de floración anual, con tallos vegetativos subterráneos, verticales y muy breves, totalmente cubiertos por las hojas, o bien con floración anual, tronco alargado, ramificado, visible y evidente. Hojas alternas, simples, lineares, paralelinervadas, sin vaina, con lámina fibrosa, coriácea o carnosa, inerme o armada, cubriendo totalmente un tallo reducido o bien formando una corona en el ápice de tallos alargados. Inflorescencias en panojas o racimos amplios, laxos, generalmente terminales, raro laterales. Flores casi siempre actinomorfas, raro levemente zigomorfas, perfectas. Tépalos 6, en 2 ciclos trímeros, soldados formando un tubo o un anillo más o menos largo. Estambres 6, libres entre sí, soldados a los tépalos; anteras generalmente dorsifijas, con 2 tecas y dehiscencia longitudinal introrsa. Ovario súpero o ínfero, 3-carpelar, 3-locular, placentación axilar; estilo simple; estigma 3-lobado a 3-fido. Óvulos numerosos. Fruto cápsula, raro carnoso, abayado. Semillas numerosas, aplanadas. Familia compuesta por algo más de 300 especies de los trópicos y subtrópicos boreales y xerófitos de todo el mundo. Su principal área de distribución está en América, llegando a regiones secas del norte de Sudamérica (Diggs & al. -
Aracées De Guyane Française : Biologie Et Systématique
ARACÉES de Guyane française Biologie et systématique Barabé D. & Gibernau M. 2015. – Aracées de Guyane française. Biologie et systématique. Publications scientifiques du Muséum, Paris ; IRD, Marseille, 349 p. (collection Faune et Flore tropicales ; 46). Service des Publications scientifiques IRD Éditions du Muséum Institut de recherche pour le développement $BTFQPTUBMF./)/tSVF$VWJFS -F4FYUBOUtCEEF%VOLFSRVF F-75231 Paris cedex 05 13572 Marseille cedex 02 sciencepress.mnhn.fr www.ird.fr ISSN : 1286-4994 ISBN MNHN : 978-2-85653-779-4 ISBN IRD : 978-2-7099-2183-1 © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris ; IRD, Marseille, 2015 1re de couverture : Philodendron melinonii à la station de Petit-Saut Hydreco. Photo D. Barabé. Caladium bicolor, extrait d’une illustration de W. Fitch (1861), Curtis’s Botanical Magazine v.87 [ser.3:v.17]. 4e de couverture : Cyclocephala rustica sur les étamines de Dieffenbachia seguine attendant la nuit (et l’émission du pollen) pour s’envoler. Photo M. Gibernau Photocopies : Photocopies: Les Publications Scientifiques du Muséum et l’IRD The Publications Scientifiques du Muséum and IRD adhere adhèrent au Centre Français d’Exploitation du Droit to the Centre Français d’Exploitation du Droit de Copie de Copie (CFC), 20, rue des Grands-Augustins, 75006 (CFC), 20, rue des Grands-Augustins, 75006 Paris. The CFC Paris. Le CFC est membre de l’International Federa- is a member of the International Federation of Reproduc- tion of Reproduc tion Rights Organisation (IFFRO). Aux tion Rights Organisation (IFFRO). In USA, contact the États-Unis d’Amérique, contacter le Copyright Clearance Copyright Clearance Center, 27, Congress Street, Salem, Center, 27, Congress Street, Salem, Massachussetts 01970. -
Agave Americana and Furcraea Andina: Key Species to Andean Cultures in Ecuador
Ethnobotany Agave americana and Furcraea andina: Key Species to Andean Cultures in Ecuador LUCÍA DE LA TORRE1*, IAN CUMMINS2, AND ELIOT LOGAN-HINES2 Botanical Sciences 96 (2): 246-266, 2018 Abstract Background: The rich Agaveae-based culture that exists in the Ecuadorian Andes is little known. Wild DOI: 10.17129/botsci.1813 and cultivated rosettes of Agave americana and Furcraea andina coexist in arid Andean landscapes. A. americana is considered an introduced species to Ecuador. Received: Questions: What are Agaveae use patterns and cultural importance in the Ecuadorian Andes? Is the ethno- December 19th, 2017 Accepted: botanical significance of Agave in Ecuador comparable to that in Mexico and other Andean countries? Agave americana, Furcraea andina March 12th, 2018 Species studied: Associated editor: Study site, dates: Ecuadorian Andes, 2016. Salvadro Arias Methods: Semi-structured interviews to Agaveae users (37) and a review of literature on ethnobotanical research conducted in Ecuador since the 18th century. Results: A. americana is more diversely and widely used than F. andina (124 vs 36 uses and 548 vs 140 use records, respectively). The versatility of A. americana lies in its mishki (sap extracted from its heart) which has multiple medicinal, edible and ceremonial applications. We found significant variation of its use patterns throughout the region. The main use of F. andina as a source of fiber is disappearing. Most productive initiatives involve A. americana (92 %, n = 53). Conclusion: The importance of A. americana in the Ecuadorian Andes is comparable to that of agaves in Mexico, but not to its importance in other Andean countries where it is used sporadically. -
Ornamental Garden Plants of the Guianas, Part 3
; Fig. 170. Solandra longiflora (Solanaceae). 7. Solanum Linnaeus Annual or perennial, armed or unarmed herbs, shrubs, vines or trees. Leaves alternate, simple or compound, sessile or petiolate. Inflorescence an axillary, extra-axillary or terminal raceme, cyme, corymb or panicle. Flowers regular, or sometimes irregular; calyx (4-) 5 (-10)- toothed; corolla rotate, 5 (-6)-lobed. Stamens 5, exserted; anthers united over the style, dehiscing by 2 apical pores. Fruit a 2-celled berry; seeds numerous, reniform. Key to Species 1. Trees or shrubs; stems armed with spines; leaves simple or lobed, not pinnately compound; inflorescence a raceme 1. S. macranthum 1. Vines; stems unarmed; leaves pinnately compound; inflorescence a panicle 2. S. seaforthianum 1. Solanum macranthum Dunal, Solanorum Generumque Affinium Synopsis 43 (1816). AARDAPPELBOOM (Surinam); POTATO TREE. Shrub or tree to 9 m; stems and leaves spiny, pubescent. Leaves simple, toothed or up to 10-lobed, to 40 cm. Inflorescence a 7- to 12-flowered raceme. Corolla 5- or 6-lobed, bluish-purple, to 6.3 cm wide. Range: Brazil. Grown as an ornamental in Surinam (Ostendorf, 1962). 2. Solanum seaforthianum Andrews, Botanists Repository 8(104): t.504 (1808). POTATO CREEPER. Vine to 6 m, with petiole-tendrils; stems and leaves unarmed, glabrous. Leaves pinnately compound with 3-9 leaflets, to 20 cm. Inflorescence a many- flowered panicle. Corolla 5-lobed, blue, purple or pinkish, to 5 cm wide. Range:South America. Grown as an ornamental in Surinam (Ostendorf, 1962). Sterculiaceae Monoecious, dioecious or polygamous trees and shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple to palmately compound, petiolate. Inflorescence an axillary panicle, raceme, cyme or thyrse. -
Edge Transition Impacts on Swamp Plant Communities in the Nilgiri Mountains, Southern India - 909
Mohandass et al.: Edge transition impacts on swamp plant communities in the Nilgiri Mountains, Southern India - 909 - EDGE TRANSITION IMPACTS ON SWAMP PLANT COMMUNITIES IN THE NILGIRI MOUNTAINS, SOUTHERN INDIA MOHANDASS, D.1* ̶ PUYRAVAUD, J-P2 ̶ HUGHES, A. C.3 ̶ DAVIDAR, P.4 ̶ GANESH, P. S.5 ̶ CAMPBELL, M.6 1Key laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla County, Yunnan – 666 303, P.R. China 2ECOS, 9A Frédéric Ozanam Street, Colas Nagar, Puducherry 605001, India 3Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla County, Yunnan- 666303, P.R. China. 4Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry -605014, India 5Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, BITS, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, India 6Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (T.E.S.S), School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] (Received 14th Nov 2012; accepted 22nd June 2014) Abstract. Swamps represent a relatively understudied ecosystem in many regions, which contrasts markedly with the research attention which other wetlands and Mangrove ecosystems have received. In the upper Nilgiris of southern India, montane swamps are restricted to geographic areas with flat surfaces and bounded by different edge transition vegetation types including grasslands and shola forests. Our study examined whether species richness, endemism, edge and the composition of swamp interior communities have a significant relationship with swamp area. Using species-area curves we continued sampling for species in each swamp until species richness reached the asympote within that swamp. -
Atoll Research Bulletin No. 503 the Vascular Plants Of
ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 503 THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF MAJURO ATOLL, REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS BY NANCY VANDER VELDE ISSUED BY NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, D.C., U.S.A. AUGUST 2003 Uliga Figure 1. Majuro Atoll THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF MAJURO ATOLL, REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS ABSTRACT Majuro Atoll has been a center of activity for the Marshall Islands since 1944 and is now the major population center and port of entry for the country. Previous to the accompanying study, no thorough documentation has been made of the vascular plants of Majuro Atoll. There were only reports that were either part of much larger discussions on the entire Micronesian region or the Marshall Islands as a whole, and were of a very limited scope. Previous reports by Fosberg, Sachet & Oliver (1979, 1982, 1987) presented only 115 vascular plants on Majuro Atoll. In this study, 563 vascular plants have been recorded on Majuro. INTRODUCTION The accompanying report presents a complete flora of Majuro Atoll, which has never been done before. It includes a listing of all species, notation as to origin (i.e. indigenous, aboriginal introduction, recent introduction), as well as the original range of each. The major synonyms are also listed. For almost all, English common names are presented. Marshallese names are given, where these were found, and spelled according to the current spelling system, aside from limitations in diacritic markings. A brief notation of location is given for many of the species. The entire list of 563 plants is provided to give the people a means of gaining a better understanding of the nature of the plants of Majuro Atoll. -
Notes on Grasses (Poaceae) for the Flora of China, IV
Notes on Grasses (Poaceae) for the Flora of China, IV Sylvia M. Phillips Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom. [email protected] Chen Shouliang Herbarium, Jiangsu Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, 1 Qianghuhuocun, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China. [email protected] ABSTRACT. The following changes are made in the preparation of the grass family account for the Poaceae, necessary for the upcoming Flora of Chi- Flora of China. na. Kengia chinensis is lectotypi®ed on a specimen of K. hackelii, and hence becomes a synonym of the ERAGROSTIDEAE latter. Kengia gracilis is synonymized under K. mu- cronata. Isachne clarkei is lectotypi®ed. Isachne be- Kengia hackelii (Honda) Packer, Bot. Not. 113: neckei (also lectotypi®ed) and I. tenuis are placed 291. 1960. Basionym: Diplachne hackelii Hon- as synonyms of I. clarkei. Isachne albens var. hir- da, J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 3: suta is lectotypi®ed and placed as a synonym under 112. 1930. Cleistogenes hackelii (Honda) Hon- I. sylvestris. Isachne semitalis is lectotypi®ed and da, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50: 437. 1936. TYPE: placed in synonymy of I. schmidtii. The distinctions Japan. Musashi Prov., Shirako, 1880, Matsu- between the closely related species I. kunthiana, I. mura 4 (holotype, TI). schmidtii, and I. repens are discussed. The new spe- Kengia chinensis (Maximowicz) Packer, Bot. Not. 113: cies Arundinella suniana, from Yunnan province 291. 1960. Basionym: Diplachne serotina var. chi- and related to A. setosa, is described. Arundinella nensis Maximowicz, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes setosa var. esetosa is validated. The name Arundi- Moscou 54: 70. -
A Preliminary List of the Vascular Plants and Wildlife at the Village Of
A Floristic Evaluation of the Natural Plant Communities and Grounds Occurring at The Key West Botanical Garden, Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida Steven W. Woodmansee [email protected] January 20, 2006 Submitted by The Institute for Regional Conservation 22601 S.W. 152 Avenue, Miami, Florida 33170 George D. Gann, Executive Director Submitted to CarolAnn Sharkey Key West Botanical Garden 5210 College Road Key West, Florida 33040 and Kate Marks Heritage Preservation 1012 14th Street, NW, Suite 1200 Washington DC 20005 Introduction The Key West Botanical Garden (KWBG) is located at 5210 College Road on Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida. It is a 7.5 acre conservation area, owned by the City of Key West. The KWBG requested that The Institute for Regional Conservation (IRC) conduct a floristic evaluation of its natural areas and grounds and to provide recommendations. Study Design On August 9-10, 2005 an inventory of all vascular plants was conducted at the KWBG. All areas of the KWBG were visited, including the newly acquired property to the south. Special attention was paid toward the remnant natural habitats. A preliminary plant list was established. Plant taxonomy generally follows Wunderlin (1998) and Bailey et al. (1976). Results Five distinct habitats were recorded for the KWBG. Two of which are human altered and are artificial being classified as developed upland and modified wetland. In addition, three natural habitats are found at the KWBG. They are coastal berm (here termed buttonwood hammock), rockland hammock, and tidal swamp habitats. Developed and Modified Habitats Garden and Developed Upland Areas The developed upland portions include the maintained garden areas as well as the cleared parking areas, building edges, and paths. -
CYCADACEAE Palm-Like Dioecious Plants, the Caudex Bulb
CYCADACEAE Palm-like dioecious plants, the caudex bulb-like, tuber like or columnar, simple or branched, few or several leaves borne from the apex; leaves spirally arranged, often a dense crown on the apex of the stem, coriaceous, pinnate or bipinnate, the leaflets usually linear or lanceolate, entire or dentate; inflo rescence borne at the apex of the caudex or lateral, cone-like, the pistillate eones broader than the staminate ones. Three genera native in Central America and about nine in the tropics of the world. Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn. is an attractive plant of Mexico and Guatemala that should be in cultivation. Dioon mejiae Standl. & L. Wms. Ceiba 1: 37. 1950. Teosinte, palma teosinte. The Indians of Olancho, Honduras, where the plant is native, boil and grind the large chestnut-like seeds and make of them a kind of tortilla of good flavor and agreeable to eat. The leaves are in demand for decorating altars and for funeral wreaths. Becoming widely distributed as an ornamental. The common name given for this plant is usually that applied to Euchlaena mexicana. Zamia loddigesii Miq. Tijdschr. Nat. Geschied. 10: 73. 1843. Camotillo, cocalito, teosinte, chacuhua. The large starchy roots are said to be used in poisoning rodents in Petén. There are reports of their use in criminal poisonings which may be or not based on fact. Standley reports that "It is stated, further, that if the root has been out of the ground three days, they cause death in three days; if dug ten days, they kill in ten days, and so on." The coastal Caribs have used the roots as food, after cooking. -
Grasses of the Hawaiian Ranges
HAWAIl AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION D. L. CRAWFORD, President, University of Hawaii ]. H. BEAUMONT, Ph.D., Director ADMINISTRATION L. A. Henke, M.S. __ Assistant Director H. K. Hee_-----.-_--.-._---- __ -----_- __ -- __ -_-_- __ -.-_-----._Junior Administrative Assistant AGRONOMY J. C. Ripperton, M.S. Agronomist E. Y. Hosaka, M.S. Collaborator M. Takahashi, M.S. Junior Agronomist R. A. Lyman, B.S. Assistant in Agronomy T. Togashi, B.S.. Assistant in Agronomy ANIMAL HUSBANDRY L. A. Henke, M.S.. .... .. .. .. Animal Husbandman S. H. Work, Ph.D.. Associate Animal Husbandman C. I. Maruyama, B.S.. _.. Assistant in Animal Husbandry CHEMISTRY AND SOILS L. A._ Dean, Ph.D.. __ . .. __ Chemist J. B. Bartlett, Ph.D.. __ .. .. .. .._Junior Chemist E. T. Fukunaga, M.S.. Assistant in Chemistry Ruth Yoshida, M.A.. __ .. .. .. .._.. Assistant in Chemistry ENTOMOLOGY F. G. Holdaway, Ph.D.. Entomologist Amy Suehiro, M.S.. __ .. .. .. .. Assistant in Entomology FOODS AND NUTRITION Carey D. Miller, M.S. .. __ Nutritionist Martha Potgieter, Ph.D.... .. Associate Nutritionist Lucille Louis, B.S.... ._Assistant in Nutrition HORTICULTURE J. H. Beaumont, Ph.D.. .. .. .. Horticulturist W. W. Jones, Ph.D.. .. Assistant Horticulturist J. E. Welch, M.S. .. Assistant Olericulturist lW. B. Storey, M.S.. Junior Pomologist H. D. Michener, Ph.D.. .. ..Research Assistant Marguerite E. Hartung, B.A. Assistant in Horticulture H. Kubota, M.S.... .. __ Assistant in Horticulture P. A. Guest, M.S.. .. Assistant in Horticulture IRRIGATION H. A. Wadsworth, B.S.. __ .._.... __ .. .. ._Irrigation Engineer PARASITOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY J. E. Alicata. Ph.D.. .. .. .. .. __ .. _.._.. __ Parasitologist C.