O‟Zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy Va O‟Rta-Maxsus Ta‟Lim Vazirligi Toshkent Temir Yo‟L Muxandislari Instituti

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O‟Zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy Va O‟Rta-Maxsus Ta‟Lim Vazirligi Toshkent Temir Yo‟L Muxandislari Instituti O‟ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA O‟RTA-MAXSUS TA‟LIM VAZIRLIGI TOSHKENT TEMIR YO‟L MUXANDISLARI INSTITUTI Qo’l yozma huquqida UDK 629.423.31 Nurmuxamedov Sarvar Ilxom o„g„li Yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektropoezdi xavfsiz harakatlanishini tadqiq qilish va tadbirlar ishlab chiqish. 5A310704 - Elektrotexnik komplekslar va tizimlar (temir yo’l transporti) Dissertasiya magistrlik akademik darajasini olish uchun yozilgan Ilmiy rahbar: t.f.n., professor _______ U.T.Berdiyv Toshkent – 2018 y. Mundarija Kirish………………………………………………………………………….. 3 I.Bulim. Yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektropoezdi xavfsiz harakatlanishini ta‘minlash buyicha adabiyotlar tahlili………………. 11 1.1. O‗zbekistonda yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektr poezdi harakatining yo‗lga quyilishi va uning ahamiyati………………………. 11 1.2. Yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektropoezdi xavfsiz harakatlanishini ta‘minlash buyicha adabiyotlar tahlili………………. 20 II.Bulim. Yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektropoezdi xavfsiz harakatlanish qurilmalari va ularni ekspluatatsiyasi…………………… 37 2.1.Yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektropoezdi texnik parametrlari va xarakteristikalari………………………………………………………….. 37 2.2.Yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektropoezdi xavfsiz harakatlanish qurilmalari………… ……………………………………………………. 55 III.Bulim. Yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektropoezdi xavfsiz harakatlanishi buyicha chora tadbirlar…………………………………….. 58 3.1.Yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektropoezdi xavfsiz harakatlanish qurilmalariga texnik xizmat kursatish……………………………………..58 3.2. Yuqori tezlikdagi «Afrosiyob» elektropoezdi xavfsiz harakatlanishi buyicha chora tadbirlar…………………………………………………………72 Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar………………………………………………… …94. Kirish O‘zbekiston Respublikasining siyosiy va iqtisodiy mustaqilligini mustahkamlash, hamda uning jahon hamjamiyatiga faol kirib borishi transport ta‘minotining yuqori darajasini talab etadi, bu esa eng avvalo mamlakat iqtisodiyotining qon tomiri bo‘lgan temir yo‘llar rivojlanishini taqozo etadi. Mustaqillikning ilk kunlaridanoq yurtimizda transport kommunikatsiyalari, xususan, temir yo‘l sohasining jadal rivojlanishiga katta e‘tibor qaratilmoqda. Shuni qayd etish lozimki, bugungi kunda transport sohasini rivojlantirish bo‘yicha keng ko‘lamli ishlar amalga oshirilmoqda.Temir yo‘l transporti iqtisodiyotining yo‘lovchi va yuk tashish xizmati talablarini qoniqarli darajada bajarmoqda. Butun transport sektori yuk aylanmasining 66% temir yo‘l transporti ulushiga to‘g‘ri keladi. Tashish hajmining o‘sishi, temir yo‘llarning yuk va yo‘lovchilarni qabul qila olish imkoniyatlarini oshirish, texnik vositalarni modernizatsiyalashni va yangilashni talab etadi. Hozirgi kunda O‘zbekiston Respublikasida milliy transport yo‘nalishlarni takomillashtirish, temir yo‘l sohasini rivojlantirish bo‘yicha talay ishlar amalga oshirilmoqda. ―O‘zbekiston temir yo‘llari‖ aksiyadorlik jamiyatining mavqeini transport bozorida barqaror saqlab turish iqtisodiy islohatlarni chuqurlashtirishni va sohaga katta investitsiyalar jalb etilishini taqozo etadi. Aksiyadorlik jamiyatining investitsiya dasturida harakat vositasini yangilashga, ularning ekspluatatsion faoliyatini yaxshilashga, barcha harajatlarni tejash, yo‘l infratuzilmasini rivojlantirish, telekommunikatsiya tizimini modernizatsiya qilishga qaratilgan. Respublikamiz mustaqilligining 25 yilligi arafasida Angren-Pop yo‘nalishi bo‘yicha temir yo‘l tarmog‘i ishga tushirildi. Bu tarmoqni ishga tushirishni tantanali ravishda O‘zbekistonning birinchi prezidenti I.A.Karimov va Xitoy Xalq Respublikasining raisi Li Pen ochdilar. Bu yo‘lning 19,2 km masofasi tonneldan iboratdir, Hozirgi kunda bu yo‘ldan yuk va yo‘lovchi tashish poyezdlari harakatlanmoqda va xalqimizga xizmat qilmoqda. 2018 yilda O‘zbekiston prezidenti SH. M. Mirziyoyv va Tojikiston prezidenti I. Rahmonlarning tashabbuslari bilan ikkala respublikalar o‘rtasidagi temir yo‘llar qayta ishga tushurildi. 2018 yilda Qarshi-Ternez uchastkasi to‘liq elektrlashtiridi va bu yo‘llardah elektrovozlar yo‘lovchi va yuk poezdlarini tortmoqda. O‗zbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasining 2009 yil 17 noyabridagi №615-F sonli farmoyishining ―Toshkent-Samarqand‖ yo‗nalishi bo‗yicha yuqori tezlikda harakatlanuvchi poezdlar harakatini tashkil etish loyihasiga asosan 344 kilometr uzunlukdagi temir yo‗l infrastrukturasi ikki yon tarafi to‗siqlar bilan o‗ralib uning atrofidagi bino va inshootlar arxetiktura holati va estetik ko‗rinishi talab darajasiga keltirildi. Yangi yuqori tezlikda harakatlanish uchastkasi ishga tushirilgandan so‗ng, ―Toshkent–Samarqand‖ yuqori tezlikda harakatlanish uchastkasi 333,6 kilometrni tashkil etadi. Hozirda ushbu masofani ―Afrosiyob‖ elektropoezdi 2 soat 8 daqiqada bosib o‗tmoqda. Ushbu harakatlanish uchastkasining 125 km ya‘ni Toshkent–Boyovut uchastkasida yuk poezdlari va yo‗lovchi poezdlari aralash harakatlanmoqda, qolgan 208,6 km uchaskasida faqat yo‗lovchi poezdlari alohida yo‗ldan harakatlanmoqda. O‗zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2010 yil 5 yanvardagi №PP-1255 sonli ―Talgo-250‖ kompaniyasidan ikkita yuqori tezlikdagi yo‗lovchi tashish elektropoezdlarini sotib olish loyiha‖ qaroriga asosan ―O‗zbekiston temir yo‗llari‖ AJ va Ispaniyaning ―Patentes Talgo S.L.‖ kompaniyasi o‗rtasida 2009 yil 25 noyabrida №SB-100 sonli shartnoma tuzilib, 38 mln. Evroga ikkita tezyurar yo‗lovchi poezdlari sotib olindi. 2011 yilning 8 oktyabr oyidan mamlakatimiz hayotida muhim voqea, yani yuqori tezlikda harakatlanuvchi ―Afrosiyob‖ elektropoezdlari qatnovi yo‗lga qo‗yildi. Yuqori tezlikda harakatlanuvchi ―Afrosiyob‖ elektropoezdi: 2 ta VIP toifali, 2 ta 1-toifali, 4 ta ekonom toifali va 1 ta vagon restoran, umumiy 9 ta vagon va 2 ta lokomotivlardan iborat. Hozirda yo‗l chiptalari VIP toifali – 112 ming so‗m, 1-toifali – 72 ming so‗m, ekonom toifali – 58 ming so‗m miqdorida sotilishi belgilangan. ―Toshkent–Samarqand‖ uchastkasi yuqori tezlikda harakatlanuvchi yo‗lovchi poezdlar xavfsizligini ta‘minlash maqsadida temir yo‗ldan avtotransport va yo‗lovchilarning o‗tishi uchun 108 dona yo‗lovchilar o‗tish joylari, 34 dona temiryo‗l kesishmalari, 18 dona yo‗lovchi o‗tish ko‗priklari, 15 dona avtomobil o‗tishko‗priklari va 1 dona temir yo‗l tonnellari bilan jihozlangan. ―Toshkent–Samarqand‖ temir yo‗l uchastkasida videokuzatuv tizimini o‗rnatish borasida ―O‗zbekiston temir yo‗llari‖ AJ va ―MICEI INTERNATIONAL‖ (―MISII INTERNEYSHNAL‖) kompaniyasi bilan 2012 yilning 26 dekabrida №SV-271 sonli shartnoma imzolanib, butun uchastkada videokuzatuv tizimi o‗rnatilgan. O‗zbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar mahkamasining 2014 yil 26 sentyabrdagi №719-F sonli farmoyishi asosida ―Samarqand-Qarshi temir yo‗l uchastkasida yuqori tezlikdagi poezdlar harakatini tashkil etish‖ bo‗yicha qurilishi loyihasi tasdiqlandi. ―Samarqand–Qarshi temir yo‗l uchastkasida yuqori tezlikdagi poezdlar harakatini tashkil etish‖ loyihasi nihoyasiga yetishi munosabati bilan 2015 yil 17 avgustda ―O‘zbekiston temir yo‗llari‖ AJ boshqaruv raisining №313–N sonli ――Afrosiyob‖ elektropoezdini sinovdan o‗tkazish va Samarqand–Maroqand–Qarshi elektrlashtirilgan temir yo‗l uchastkasida texnologik tekshirishni o‗tkazish haqida‖ gi buyruq asosida ―Afrosiyob‖ elektropoezdi 200 km/soat tezlikda harakatlanib 2015 yil 22 avgustda ―Samarqand–Qarshi‖ temir yo‗l uchastkasida sinovdan o‗tkazildi va 160 km/soat tezlikda harakatlanishi belgilandi. Jamiyat boshqaruv raisining 2015 yil 2 sentyabrdagi №336-N sonli ―Toshkent–Qarshi–Toshkent yo‗nalishi bo‗yicha yuqori tezlikdagi ―Afrosiyob‖ yo‗lovchi elektropoezdini yo‗lga qo‗yish haqida‖ buyrug‗iga bo‗yicha 2015 yil 5 sentyabrdan 760/759 sonli yuqori tezlikda harakatlanuvchi ―Afrosiyob‖ yo‗lovchi elektropoezdi tijorat qatnovi yo‗lga qo‗yildi. ―Samarqand–Qarshi temir yo‗l uchastkasini elektrlashtirish‖ to‗g‗risidagi qurilish loyihasi nihoyasiga yetkazilishi munosabati bilan 156,1 km masofadagi temir yo‗l Samarqand–Qarshi bekatlari oralig‗i elektrlashtirilib, temir yo‗l izlari atrofi Samarqand–Maroqand bekatlari oralig‗i 16,6 km temir panjara to‗siqlari, Marokand–Qashqadaryo bekatlari oralig‗i 127,0 km tikanli sim to‗siqlari, Qashqadaryo–Qarshi bekatlari oralig‗i 12,5 km temir panjara to‗siqlari o‗rnatildi. Samarqand–Qarshi temir yo‗l uchastkasida umumiy 156,1 km ikki taraflama 312,2 km masofada temir yo‗l atrofi temir panjara va tikanli sim to‗siqlari o‗rnatildi. ―Samarqand–Qarshi‖ uchastkasi yuqori tezlikda harakatlanuvchi yo‗lovchi poezdlar xavfsizligini ta‘minlash maqsadida 10 dona temir yo‗l bekatlari, 10 dona temir yo‗l kesishmalari qayta ta‘mirlanib qo‗riqlanadigan temir yo‗l kesishmalariga aylantirildi. 36 dona qo‗riqlash budkalari va 54 dona temir yo‗ldan piyodalar o‗tish yo‗laklari qurib foydalanishga topshirildi. “Toshkent–Qarshi‖ yo‗nalishi bo‗yicha yuqori tezlikda xarakatlanuvchi ―Afrosiyob‖ elektropoezdi qatnovi yo‗lga qo‗yilgandan beri 2016 yil 1 oktyabrigacha 766 marotaba tijorat qatnovi amalga oshirilgan bo‗lib, 105 373 ta yo‗lovchilar tashildi. 2016 yilning 3-choragida 568 marotaba tijorat qatnovi amalga oshirilgan bo‗lib, 80 743 ta yo‗lovchilar tashildi. Hozirda yo‗l chiptalari VIP toifali – 135 ming so‗m, 1-toifali – 95 ming so‗m, ekonom toifali – 70 ming so‗m miqdorida sotilishi belgilangan. O‗zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2015 yil 26 martdagi PQ-2326 sonli ―Samarqand–Buxoro temir yo‗l liniyasida elektrlashtirilgan yuqori tezlikda xarakatlanuvchi yo‗lovchi poezdlar harakatini tashkil etish‖ qarori asosida, «O‗zbekiston temir yo‗llari» AJ boshqaruvi raisining 2015 yil 16 yanvaridagi 15-N buyrug‗i bilan «Samarqand-Buxoro» temir yo‗li infrastrukturasining texnik holatini o‗rganib
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