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N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea

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N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet Common Name: N-NITROSO-N-ETHYLUREA Synonyms: ENU; N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea CAS Number: 759-73-9 Chemical Name: Urea, N-Ethyl-N-Nitroso- RTK Substance Number: 1410 Date: April 2002 Revision: October 2009 DOT Number: UN 3077 Description and Use EMERGENCY RESPONDERS >>>> SEE LAST PAGE N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea is a light yellow powder or yellow-pink Hazard Summary crystal. It is used in tumor research and to make other Hazard Rating NJDOH NFPA chemicals. HEALTH 3 - FLAMMABILITY 1 - REACTIVITY 1 - CARCINOGEN TERATOGEN POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE Reasons for Citation Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea is on the Right to Know Hazardous 4=severe Substance List because it is cited by DOT, NTP, DEP, IARC and EPA. f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea can affect you when inhaled. f This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea is a CARCINOGEN and MUTAGEN, List. and may be a TERATOGEN. HANDLE WITH EXTREME CAUTION. f Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. f Inhaling N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea can irritate the nose and throat. f Exposure can cause headache, dizziness, and lightheadedness. SEE GLOSSARY ON PAGE 5. f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea may affect the liver and kidneys. FIRST AID Eye Contact Workplace Exposure Limits f Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 No occupational exposure limits have been established for minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea. However, it may pose a health risk. lenses, if worn, while rinsing. Always follow safe work practices. Skin Contact f Remove contaminated clothing and wash contaminated skin f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN with water. and may be a teratogen in humans. There may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so all contact should be Inhalation reduced to the lowest possible level. f Remove the person from exposure. f Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. f Transfer promptly to a medical facility. EMERGENCY NUMBERS Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222 CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300 NJDEP Hotline: 1-877-927-6337 National Response Center: 1-800-424-8802 N-NITROSO-N-ETHYLUREA Page 2 of 6 Determining Your Exposure Reproductive Hazard f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea may be a TERATOGEN in humans f Read the product manufacturer’s Material Safety Data since it is a teratogen in animals. Sheet (MSDS) and the label to determine product f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea has caused brain cancer in the ingredients and important safety and health information offspring of animals exposed during pregnancy. about the product mixture. Other Effects f For each individual hazardous ingredient, read the New f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea may affect the liver and kidneys. Jersey Department of Health Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet, available on the RTK website (www.nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb) or in your facility’s RTK Central File or Hazard Communication Standard file. Medical f You have a right to this information under the New Jersey Medical Testing If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the Worker and Community Right to Know Act, and the Public following are recommended: Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Act if you are a public worker in New Jersey, and under the f Liver and kidney function tests federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) if you are a private worker. Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for f The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most damage already done are not a substitute for controlling employers to label chemicals in the workplace and exposure. requires public employers to provide their employees with information concerning chemical hazards and controls. Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right The federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee CFR 1910.1200) and the PEOSH Hazard Communication Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020). Standard (N.J.A.C. 12:100-7) require employers to provide Mixed Exposures similar information and training to their employees. f More than light alcohol consumption can cause liver damage. Drinking alcohol can increase the liver damage This Fact Sheet is a summary of available information caused by N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea. regarding the health hazards that may result from exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential effects described below. Health Hazard Information Acute Health Effects The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to N-Nitroso-N- Ethylurea: f Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. f Inhaling N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea can irritate the nose and throat. f Exposure can cause headache, dizziness, lightheadedness, weakness, nausea and loss of appetite. Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea and can last for months or years: Cancer Hazard f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea is a PROBABLE CARCINOGEN in humans since it has been shown to cause many types of cancer in animals including liver, brain, and intestine. f Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen. N-NITROSO-N-ETHYLUREA Page 3 of 6 Workplace Controls and Practices f All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. Very toxic chemicals, or those that are reproductive hazards or sensitizers, require expert advice on control measures if a less toxic chemical cannot be substituted. Control measures Eye Protection include: (1) enclosing chemical processes for severely f Wear eye protection with side shields or goggles. irritating and corrosive chemicals, (2) using local exhaust f If additional protection is needed for the entire face, use in ventilation for chemicals that may be harmful with a single combination with a face shield. A face shield should not be exposure, and (3) using general ventilation to control used without another type of eye protection. exposures to skin and eye irritants. For further information on workplace controls, consult the NIOSH document on Control Respiratory Protection Banding at www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/ctrlbanding/. Improper use of respirators is dangerous. Respirators should only be used if the employer has implemented a written The following work practices are also recommended: program that takes into account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing, and f Label process containers. medical exams, as described in the OSHA Respiratory f Provide employees with hazard information and training. f Monitor airborne chemical concentrations. Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134). f Use engineering controls if concentrations exceed recommended exposure levels. f At any detectable concentration, use a NIOSH approved f Provide eye wash fountains and emergency showers. negative pressure, air-purifying, particulate filter respirator f Wash or shower if skin comes in contact with a hazardous with an N95 filter. More protection is provided by a full material. facepiece respirator than by a half-mask respirator, and even f Always wash at the end of the workshift. greater protection is provided by a powered-air purifying f Change into clean clothing if clothing becomes respirator. contaminated. f Leave the area immediately if (1) while wearing a filter or f Do not take contaminated clothing home. cartridge respirator you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect f Get special training to wash contaminated clothing. N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea, (2) while wearing particulate filters f Do not eat, smoke, or drink in areas where chemicals are abnormal resistance to breathing is experienced, or (3) eye being handled, processed or stored. irritation occurs while wearing a full facepiece respirator. f Wash hands carefully before eating, smoking, drinking, Check to make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. applying cosmetics or using the toilet. If it is, replace the filter or cartridge. If the seal is no longer good, you may need a new respirator. In addition, the following may be useful or required: f Consider all potential sources of exposure in your workplace. You may need a combination of filters, prefilters or cartridges to protect against different forms of a chemical (such as f Use a Class I, Type B, biological safety hood when mixing, vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemicals. handling, or preparing N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea. f Where the potential for high exposure exists, use a NIOSH f Use a vacuum or a wet method to reduce dust during clean- approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece up. DO NOT DRY SWEEP. operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure f Use a high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter when mode. For increased protection use in combination with an vacuuming. Do not use a standard shop vacuum. auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus or an emergency escape air cylinder. Personal Protective Equipment The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR Fire Hazards 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped as stated in the OSHA Fire Brigades Standard personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train (29 CFR 1910.156). employees on how and when to use protective equipment. f N-Nitroso-N-Ethylurea may burn, but does not readily The following recommendations are only guidelines and may ignite.
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