Supplementary Table 1: Bacterial species exclusively identified in male subjects

Acholeplasma ales Clostridium magnum Lactobacillus ruminis Pseudomonas collierea Acholeplasma cavigenitalium Clostridium malenominatum Lactobacillus salivarius Pseudomonas jinjuensis Acholeplasma equifetale Clostridium nitrophenolicum Lactobacillus versmoldensis Pseudomonas luteola Acholeplasma granularum Clostridium paraputrificum Lactococcus lactis Pseudomonas panipatensis Acholeplasma hippikon Clostridium perfringens fallonii Pseudomonas poae Acidaminobacter hydrogenoformans Clostridium proteolyticum Legionella taurinensis Pseudomonas tropicalis Acidaminococcus intestini Clostridium proteolyticus Legionella worsleiensis Pseudonocardia acaciae Clostridium Acidiphilium acidophilum saccharoperbutylacetonicum Lentzea californiensis Pseudonocardia asaccharolytica Pseudonocardia Acidiphilium organovorum Clostridium sulfidigenes Leptotrichia buccalis hydrocarbonoxydans Acidiphilium symbioticum Clostridium termitidis Leptotrichia shahii Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana Acidisoma tundrae Clostridium tetani Leptotrichia wadei Pullulanibacillus naganoensis Acidovorax facilis Clostridium thermoalcaliphilum Leucobacter albus Rhizobium mesoamericanum Acinetobacter indicus Clostridium tunisiense Lewinella marina Rhodanobacter thiooxydans Acinetobacter venetianus Cohnella fontinalis Luteimonas aquatica Rhodobacter blasticus Actinoallomurus luridus Cohnella laeviribosi Luteimonas mephitis Rhodobacter gluconicum pleuropneumoniae Collinsella stercoris Lysobacter daejeonensis Rhodobium gokarnense Actinobaculum urinale Coprobacillus cateniformis Lysobacter enzymogenes Rhodococcus fascians Actinokineospora diospyrosa Corallococcus exiguus Lysobacter yangpyeongensis Rhodococcus zopfii Actinomadura cremea Coriobacterium glomerans Marichromatium gracile Rhodovulum imhoffii Actinomadura macra Corynebacterium auriscanis Marinobacter santoriniensis Rhodovulum iodosum Actinomyces georgiae Corynebacterium renale Marinobacterium stanieri Rhodovulum robiginosum Actinomyces suimastitidis Crocosphaera watsonii Marinococcus salidurans hulinii Actinoplanes auranticolor Cupriavidus gilardii Marinomonas pontica Rickettsia marmionii Actinoplanes garbadinensis Cupriavidus pauculus Meiothermus granaticius Rickettsia monacensis Actinopolyspora xinjiangensis Curtobacterium herbarum Mesonia algae Riemerella columbina Aequorivita crocea Cyanobacterium aponinum Mesorhizobium camelthorni Rikenella microfusus

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Aerococcus sanguinicola Cyanobacterium stanieri Mesorhizobium opportunistum Rivularia atra Agrobacterium undicola Cycloclasticus oligotrophus Mesorhizobium septentrionale Roseateles depolymerans Agromyces allii Deinococcus aeria Methanobrevibacter acididurans Roseococcus suduntuyensis Agromyces fucosus Deinococcus aerius Methanobrevibacter woesei Roseomonas lacus Agromyces mediolanus Deinococcus alpinitundrae Methylobacillus flagellatus Roseospira visakhapatnamensis Alkalibacillus haloalkaliphilus Deinococcus deserti Methylobacterium adhaesivum Rothia dentocariosa Alkalibacterium subtropicum Deinococcus geothermalis Methylobacterium dankookense Rubellimicrobium mesophilum Methylobacterium Alkaliphilus metalliredigens Deinococcus gobiensis mesophilicum Rubellimicrobium roseum Methylobacterium Alkaliphilus peptidifermentans Deinococcus murrayi organophilum Rubrobacter xylanophilus Allochromatium palmeri Deinococcus reticulitermitis Methylocella silvestris Ruminobacter amylophilus Methylophaga Aminobacter aganoensis Deinococcus yunweiensis aminisulfidivorans Ruminococcus callidus Aminobacter ciceronei Demequina salsinemoris Microbacterium aoyamense Saccharospirillum impatiens Aminobacterium colombiense Dermatophilus congolensis Microbacterium flavum Salisaeta longa Anaerofustis stercorihominis Desulfacinum subterraneum Microbacterium halotolerans Sarcina ventriculi Anaerospora hongkongensis Desulfitobacterium chlororespirans Microbacterium koreense Scardovia inopinata Anaerovibrio lipolyticus Desulfofrigus fragile Microbacterium terricola Schlegelella aquatica Ancylobacter aquaticus Desulfofrigus oceanense Microbacterium thalassium Scytonema hofmanni Aneurinibacillus danicus Desulfonatronovibrio Microbacterium xinjiangensis Sedimentibacter saalensis Desulfonatronovibrio Aquimarina macrocephali hydrogenovorans Micrococcus endophyticus Segetibacter aerophilus Arcanobacterium bernardiae Desulfosporosinus lacus Micromonospora aquatica Serratia nematodiphila Arthrobacter crystallopoietes Desulfotomaculum australicum Micromonospora fulvoviolacea Sharpea azabuensis Arthrobacter kerguelensis Desulfovibrio butyratiphilus Mobiluncus mulieris Shewanella amazonensis Azohydromonas australica Desulfovibrio caledoniensis Mogibacterium vescum Shewanella decolorationis Azospira restricta Desulfovibrio carbinolicus Moraxella equi Shewanella upenei Azospirillum palatum Desulfovibrio psychrotolerans Morganella psychrotolerans Shewanella vesiculosa Azospirillum zeae Desulfurispirillum indicum Muricauda lutimaris Shimazuella kribbensis Bacillus aerophilus Desulfuromonas thiophila Mycobacterium acapulcensis Shinella granuli Bacillus arbutinivorans Devosia chinhatensis Mycobacterium brasiliensis Sinorhizobium fredii

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Bacillus butanolivorans Devosia ginsengisoli Mycobacterium fuerthensis Slackia heliotrinireducens Bacillus cereus Devosia hwasunensis Mycobacterium noviomagense Slackia piriformis Bacillus coagulans Devosia limi Mycobacterium obuense Sneathia sanguinegens Bacillus firmus Devosia riboflavina Mycoplasma auris Snowella rosea Bacillus flexus Dickeya dianthicola Mycoplasma coccoides Sodalis glossinidius Bacillus gibsonii Dietzia papillomatosis Mycoplasma edwardii Sphingobacterium thalpophilum Bacillus halodurans Dokdonella fugitiva Myroides profundi Sphingobium faniae Bacillus horikoshii Dolichospermum curvum Myxococcus xanthus Sphingobium olei Bacillus longiquaesitum Dyadobacter alkalitolerans Natronincola ferrireducens Sphingomonas abaci Bacillus marisflavi Ectothiorhodospira haloalkaliphila Neisseria cinerea Sphingomonas asaccharolytica Bacillus nealsonii Ectothiorhodospira imhoffii Neisseria flavescens Sphingomonas fennica Bacillus niabensis Edwardsiella hoshinae Niabella aurantiaca Sphingomonas hankookensis Bacillus olivae Eggerthella lenta Niabella soli Sphingomonas hunanensis Bacillus oryzae Niastella koreensis Sphingomonas japonica Bacillus plakortidis Emticicia ginsengisoli Nisaea nitritireducens Sphingomonas phyllosphaerae Bacillus pseudofirmus Emticicia oligotrophica Nitrosococcus watsoni Sphingomonas pruni Bacillus psychrosaccharolyticus Enterobacter aceae Nitrospira moscoviensis Sphingomonas roseiflava Bacillus thioparans Enterobacter cowanii Nocardia araoensis Sphingopyxis chilensis Bacteroides barnesiae Enterobacter ludwigii Nocardia harenae Sphingopyxis ginsengisoli Bacteroides chinchillae Enterobacter nickellidurans Nocardia higoensis Sphingopyxis granuli Bacteroides coprophilus Enterococcus columbae Nocardia jinanensis Sphingopyxis panaciterrae Bacteroides eggerthii Enterococcus italicus Nocardia novocastrensa Sphingopyxis witflariensis Bacteroides gallinarum Enterococcus rottae Nocardioides islandensis Spirosoma rigui Novosphingobium Bacteroides intestinalis Erwinia billingiae subterraneum Sporosarcina ureae Bacteroides salanitronis Erwinia oleae Oceanimonas smirnovii Staphylococcus delphini Oceanospirillum Bacteroides salyersiae Erwinia pyrifoliae multiglobuliferum Staphylococcus lentus Balneola vulgaris Erwinia rhapontici Ochrobactrum anthropi Stenotrophomonas nitritireducens Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus Erythrobacter flavus Ochrobactrum intermedium Steroidobacter denitrificans Bdellovibrio exovorus Erythromicrobium ramosum Olivibacter ginsengisoli Streptococcus dentapri

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Bellilinea caldifistulae Eubacterium callanderi Olivibacter soli Streptococcus intermedius Bifidobacterium bombi Eubacterium cylindroides Oxalobacter formigenes Streptococcus marimammalium Bifidobacterium boum Facklamia hominis Paenibacillus amylolyticus Streptococcus massiliensis Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense Ferrimonas kyonanensis Paenibacillus barcinonensis Streptococcus minor Bifidobacterium magnum Fibrobacter intestinalis Paenibacillus chitinolyticus Streptococcus parasanguinis Bifidobacterium scardovii Filifactor alocis Paenibacillus donghaensis Streptococcus phocae Blastococcus aggregatus Filifactor villosus Paenibacillus ehimensis Streptococcus ursoris Brevibacillus ginsengisoli Frankia alni Paenibacillus filicis Streptomonospora halophila Bulleidia extructa Friedmanniella okinawensis Paenibacillus forsythiae Streptomyces aculeolatus Bulleidia moorei Frigoribacterium faeni Paenibacillus ginsengagri Streptomyces beijiangensis Burkholderia lata Fructobacillus fructosus Paenibacillus humicus Streptomyces espinosus Burkholderia multivorans Fusibacter paucivorans Paenibacillus illinoisensis Streptomyces eurythermus Burkholderia phenoliruptrix Fusobacterium canifelinum Paenibacillus mendelii Streptomyces griseoaurantiacus Burkholderia seminalis Fusobacterium simiae Paenibacillus pasadenensis Streptomyces noursei Burkholderia vietnamiensis Gallionella ferruginea Paenibacillus phyllosphaerae Streptomyces olivogriseus Butyricimonas synergistica Gemella bergeri Paenibacillus thailandensis Streptomyces panayensis Butyrivibrio hungatei Gemmatimonas aurantiaca Paenibacillus woosongensis Streptomyces pulcher Caldanaerobacter hydrothermalis Geobacillus thermoglucosidans Parabacteroides gordonii Streptomyces roseogilvus Caldicellulosiruptor bescii Geobacter grbiciae Paracoccus alcaliphilus Streptomyces roseosporus Caloramator australicus Geobacter pelophilus Paracoccus halotolerans Streptomyces sannanensis Caloramator uzoniensis Geobacter pickeringii Paracoccus kamogawaensis Streptomyces scopiformis Caloramator viterbiensis Georgenia halophila Paracoccus kocurii Streptomyces tacrolimicus Campylobacter concisus Gillisia limnaea Paracoccus solventivorans Streptomyces tendae Candidatus Brodae Gillisia sandarakina Paracoccus thiocyanatus Streptomyces thermoluteus Candidatus Contubernalis Alkalaceticum Glycomyces tenuis Parapedobacter koreensis Streptomyces vastus Candidatus Endobugula Gordonia aichiensis Parvibaculum lavamentivorans Streptomyces viridis Candidatus Glomeribacter Gordonia defluvii Pasteurella pneumotropica Streptomyces zinciresistens Candidatus Methylacidiphilum Gordonia desulfuricans Pediococcus argentinicus Streptosporangium yunnanense Candidatus Nitrososphaera Gordonia westfalica Pediococcus pentosaceus Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens Candidatus Phlomobacter Fragariae quentini Pediococcus stilesii Sutterella parvirubra

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Candidatus Phytoplasma Prunorum Haererehalobacter ostenderis Pedobacter aquatilis Sutterella sanguinus Candidatus Portiera Hahella antarctica Pedobacter ginsengisoli Symbiobacterium toebii Candidatus Protochlamydia Amoebophila Haliangium ochraceum Pedobacter kribbensis Tepidimonas arfidensis Candidatus Rhabdochlamydia Halochromatium salexigens Pedobacter kwangyangensis Tepidimonas thermarum Candidatus Solibacter Halococcus dombrowskii Pedobacter rhizospharae Terribacillus goriensis Candidatus Tammella Caduceiae Halococcus saccharolyticus Pedobacter westerhofensis Terribacillus halophilus Candidatus Xiphinematobacter Halococcus thailandensis Pedomicrobium manganicum Tetragenococcus halophilus Capnocytophaga gingivalis Halomonas almeriensis Phaeobacter arcticus Tetrasphaera vanveenii Carnobacterium gallinarum Halomonas eurihalina Photobacterium lutimaris Thauera chlorobenzoica Catenibacterium mitsuokai Halomonas fontilapidosi Phyllobacterium bourgognense Thauera mechernichensis Catenulispora rubra Halomonas glaciei Pirellula staleyi Thauera terpenica Cellulomonas flavigena Halomonas nitroreducens Planctomyces brasiliensis Thermobaculum terrenum Cellvibrio ostraviensis Halomonas sabkhae Planctomyces limnophilus Thermodesulfovibrio thiophilus Chlorobaculum limnaeum Halomonas venusta Planctomyces maris Thermomonas haemolytica Chromobacterium piscinae Halorubrum jeotgali Planktothricoides raciborskii Thioalkalimicrobium aerophilum Chromobacterium subtsugae Haloterrigena limicola Planococcus rifietoensis Thiobacillus thiophilus Chryseobacterium hispanicum Heliorestis baculata Planomicrobium flavidum Thiohalorhabdus denitrificans Chryseobacterium wanjuense Herbaspirillum frisingense Polaromonas jejuensis Thiorhodococcus mannitoliphagus Chthoniobacter flavus Herbaspirillum seropedicae Porphyromonas endodontalis Thiorhodococcus pfennigii Citrobacter braakii Hydrogenophaga intermedia Prevotella albensis Thiothrix caldifontis Hymenobacter gelipurpurascens Prevotella histicola Thiothrix fructosivorans Citrobacter werkmanii Hymenobacter ocellatus Prevotella intermedia Thiothrix lacustris Clostridium acidisoli Hymenobacter rigui Prevotella loescheii Thiothrix nivea Clostridium aldrichii Hyphomicrobium aestuarii Prevotella nanceiensis Trabulsiella farmeri Clostridium aurantibutyricum Hyphomicrobium hollandicum Prevotella nigrescens Trabulsiella guamensis Clostridium baratii Hyphomicrobium vulgare Prevotella oris Trabulsiella odontotermitis Clostridium bovipellis Janibacter corallicola Prevotella oulorum Treponema paraluiscuniculi Clostridium butyricum Janibacter terrae Prevotella shahii Treponema porcinum Clostridium cavendishii Jannaschia seohaensis Prevotella veroralis Treponema socranskii Clostridium cellulovorans Jiangella alkaliphila Promicromonospora sukumoe Treponema succinifaciens

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Clostridium chartatabidum Kineosporia babensis Propionigenium modestum Vagococcus penaei Clostridium chromoreductans Kitasatospora setae Prosthecobacter debontii Veillonella denticariosi Clostridium fallax Kocuria atrinae Prosthecobacter fluviatilis Vibrio gazogenes Clostridium frigidicarnis Kocuria halotolerans Proteus hauseri Vibrio mytili Clostridium gasigenes Kosmotoga arenicorallina Proteus penneri Virgibacillus byunsanensis Pseudaminobacter Clostridium hiranonis Kouleothrix aurantiaca salicylatoxidans Virgibacillus olivae Clostridium homopropionicum Kushneria indalinina Pseudoclavibacter helvolus Williamsia marianensis Clostridium homopropionicum Lactobacillus acidifarinae Pseudomonas agarici Wolbachia pipientis Clostridium kluyveri Lactobacillus casei Pseudomonas alcaligenes Clostridium ljungdahlii Lactobacillus hayakitensis Pseudomonas azotoformans Clostridium lundense Lactobacillus paracasei Pseudomonas benzenivorans

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