DOCSLIB.ORG

Internet Security Threat Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Internet Security Threat Report INTERNET SECURITY THREAT REPORT 2011 Trends Volume 17 Published April 2012 INTERNET SECURITY THREAT REPORT Paul Wood Mathew Nisbet Executive Editor Malware Data Analyst Manager, Cyber Security Intelligence Security Technology and Response Security Technology and Response Nicholas Johnston Gerry Egan Sr. Software Engineer Sr. Director, Product Management Security Technology and Response Security Technology and Response Bhaskar Krishnappa Kevin Haley Sr. Software Engineer Director, Product Management Security Technology and Response Security Technology and Response Irfan Asrar Tuan-Khanh Tran Security Response Manager Group Product Manager Security Technology and Response Security Technology and Response Sean Hittel Orla Cox Principal Software Engineer Sr. Manager, Security Operations Security Technology and Response Security Technology and Response Eric Chien Hon Lau Technical Director Manager, Development Security Technology and Response Security Technology and Response Eric Park Candid Wueest Sr. Business Intelligence Analyst Principal Software Engineer Anti-Spam Engineering Security Technology and Response Mathew Maniyara David McKinney Security Response Analyst Principal Threat Analyst Anti-Fraud Response Security Technology and Response Olivier Thonnard Tony Millington Sr. Research Engineer Associate Software Engineer Symantec Research Laboratories Security Technology and Response Pierre-Antoine Vervier Benjamin Nahorney Network Systems Engineer Senior Information Developer Symantec Research Laboratories Security Technology and Response Martin Lee Joanne Mulcahy Sr. Security Analyst Technical Product Manager Symantec.cloud Security Technology and Response Daren Lewis John Harrison Principal Strategic Planning Specialst Group Product Manager Symantec.cloud Security Technology and Response Scott Wallace Thomas Parsons Sr. Graphic Designer Director, Development Security Technology and Response Andrew Watson Sr. Software Engineer Security Technology and Response 2 Symantec Corporation INTERNET SECURITY THREAT REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ..........................................................5 Consumerization And Mobile Computing: Balancing The Risks 2011 By Month ....................................................6 And Benefits In The Cloud .......................25 Risks With ‘Bring Your Own Device’ .......................25 ............................................... 2011 In Numbers 9 Threats Against Mobile Devices .............................25 Consumerization Of It And Cloud Computing .....26 Executive Summary .....................................12 Quick Response (QR) codes ....................................27 What Mobile Malware Does With Your Phone .....27 Confidence In The Cloud: Balancing Risks �����������28 Safeguarding Secrets: Industrial Espionage In Cyberspace ���������������������������������������������������14 Spam Activity Trends ..................................29 Spam In 2011 ............................................................ Cyber-Espionage In 2011 ........................................14 29 Impact Of Botnets On Spam ................................... Advanced Persistent Threats ..................................15 30 The Changing Face Of Spam ................................... Targeted Attacks .......................................................16 30 URL Shortening And Spam ...................................... Case Study .................................................................16 31 Where Attacks Come From ��������������������������������������19 Malicious Code Trends ...............................32 Against The Breach: Malware In 2011 .......................................................32 Securing Trust Website Malware .......................................................33 And Data Protection ....................................20 Email-Borne Malware ...............................................34 Data Breaches In 2011 ............................................21 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Hijacking .........................................................35 Certificate Authorities Under Attack .....................23 Polymorphic Threats ................................................35 Building Trust And Securing The Weakest Links ....................................................24 Dangerous Web Sites ...............................................36 Exploiting The Web: Attack Toolkits, Rootkits And Social Networking Threats ..............37 Macs Are Not Immune ..............................................38 Rootkits .......................................................................39 Social Media Threats ������������������������������������������������39 Symantec Corporation 3 INTERNET SECURITY THREAT REPORT Closing The Window Best Practice Guidelines Of Vulnerability: Exploits For Businesses .................................................44 And Zero-Day Attacks .................................40 Number Of Vulnerabilities ......................................40 Best Practice Guidelines Weaknesses in Critical For Consumers ................................................46 Infrastructure Systems ............................................41 Old Vulnerabilities Are Still Under Attack ............41 Web Browser Vulnerabilities ..................................41 More Information ..........................................48 New Zero-day Vulnerabilities Create Big Risks .......................................................42 About Symantec ..............................................48 Conclusion: What’s Ahead In 2012 .................................43 Endnotes ...............................................................49 FIGURES Figure 1 Figure 10 Targeted Attacks Trend Showing Average Key Functionality Of Mobile Risks..................................27 Number Of Attacks Identified Each Month, 2011 .........15 Figure 11 Figure 2 Percentage Of Email Identified As Spam, 2011 ............30 Targeted Email Attacks, By Top-Ten Industry Sectors, 2011 ��������������������������������16 Figure 12 Top Ten Spam Email Categories, 2010-2011 ................31 Figure 3 Attacks By Size Of Targeted Organization ....................17 Figure 13 Average Number Of Malicious Web Sites Figure 4 Identified Per Day, 2011 ................................................33 Analysis Of Job Functions Of Recipients Being Targeted .........................................18 Figure 14 Ratio Of Malware In Email Traffic, 2011 ........................34 Figure 5 Geographical Locations Figure 15 Of Attackers’ IP Addresses ���������������������������������������������19 Rise In Email-Borne Bredolab Polymorphic Malware Attacks Per Month, 2011 ................................35 Figure 6 Timeline Of Data Breaches Figure 16 Showing Identities Breached In 2011 ............................21 Most Dangerous Web Site Categories, 2011 .................36 Figure 7 Figure 17 Top-Ten Sectors Macdefender Trojan Screenshot ������������������������������������38 By Number Of Data Breaches, 2011 ������������������������������22 Figure 18 Figure 8 Total Number Of Vulnerabilities Identified, Top-Ten Sectors 2006-2011 .....................................................................40 By Number Of Identities Exposed, 2011 ........................22 Figure 19 Figure 9 Browser Vulnerabilities In 2010 And 2011 ...................41 Total Mobile Malware Family Count 2010-2012 ...........26 Figure 20 Web Browser Plug-In Vulnerabilities .............................42 4 Symantec Corporation INTERNET SECURITY THREAT REPORT Introduction ymantec has established some of the most comprehensive sources of Internet threat data in the world through the Symantec™ Global SIntelligence Network, which is made up of more than 64.6 million attack sensors and records thousands of events per second. This network monitors attack activity in more than 200 countries and territories through a combination of Symantec products and services such as Symantec DeepSight™ Threat Management System, Symantec™ Managed Security Services and Norton™ consumer products, and other third-party data sources. In addition, Symantec maintains one of the world’s most comprehensive vulnerability databases, currently consisting of more than 47,662 recorded vulnerabilities (spanning more than two decades) from over 15,967 vendors representing over 40,006 products. Spam, phishing and malware data is captured through a variety of sources, including the Symantec Probe Network, a system of more than 5 million decoy accounts; Symantec.cloud and a number of other Symantec security technologies. Skeptic™, the Symantec.cloud proprietary heuristic technology is able to detect new and sophisticated targeted threats before reaching customers’ networks. Over 8 billion email messages and more than 1.4 billion Web requests are processed each day across 15 data centers. Symantec also gathers phishing information through an extensive antifraud community of enterprises, security vendors, and more than 50 million consumers. These resources give Symantec’s analysts unparalleled sources of data with which to identify, analyze, and provide informed commentary on emerging trends in attacks, malicious code activity, phishing, and spam. The result is the annual Symantec Internet Security Threat Report, which gives enterprises and consumers the essential information to secure their systems effectively now and into the future. Symantec Corporation 5 INTERNET SECURITY THREAT REPORT 2011 BY MONTH MOBILE BOTNET THREAT SPAM SOCIAL HACKS
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Xbt.Doc.248.2.Pdf
    MAY 25, 2018 United States District Court Southern District of Florida Miami Division CASE NO. 1:17-CV-60426-UU ALEKSEJ GUBAREV, XBT HOLDING S.A., AND WEBZILLA, INC., PLAINTIFFS, VS BUZZFEED, INC. AND BEN SMITH, DEFENDANTS Expert report of Anthony J. Ferrante FTI Consulting, Inc. 4827-3935-4214v.1 0100812-000009 Table of Contents Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................................. 1 Qualifications ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Scope of Assignment ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Glossary of Important Terms ............................................................................................................................. 4 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................... 7 Methodology ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Technical Investigation ................................................................................................................................ 8 Investigative Findings .......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • RSA-512 Certificates Abused in the Wild
    RSA-512 Certificates abused in the wild During recent weeks we have observed several interesting publications which have a direct relation to an investigation we worked on recently. On one hand there was a Certificate Authority being revoked by Mozilla, Microsoft and Google (Chrome), on the other hand there was the disclosure of a malware attack by Mikko Hypponen (FSecure) using a government issued certificate signed by the same Certificate Authority. That case however is not self-contained and a whole range of malicious software had been signed with valid certificates. The malicious software involved was used in targeted attacks focused on governments, political organizations and the defense industry. The big question is of course, what happened, and how did the attackers obtain access to these certificates? We will explain here in detail how the attackers have used known techniques to bypass the Microsoft Windows code signing security model. Recently Mikko Hypponen wrote a blog on the F-Secure weblog (http://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00002269.html) detailing the discovery of a certificate used to sign in the wild malware. Specifically this malware was embedded in a PDF exploit and shipped in August 2011. Initially Mikko also believed the certificate was stolen, as that is very common in these days, with a large amount of malware families having support, or optional support, for stealing certificates from the infected system. Apparently someone Mikko spoke to mentioned something along the lines that it had been stolen a long time ago. During the GovCert.nl symposium Mikko mentioned the certificate again, but now he mentioned that according to the people involved with investigating the case in Malaysia it likely wasn't stolen.
    [Show full text]
  • Sample Iis Publication Page
    https://doi.org/10.48009/1_iis_2012_133-143 Issues in Information Systems Volume 13, Issue 1, pp. 133-143, 2012 HACKERS GONE WILD: THE 2011 SPRING BREAK OF LULZSEC Stan Pendergrass, Robert Morris University, [email protected] ABSTRACT Computer hackers, like the group known as Anonymous, have made themselves more and more relevant to our modern life. As we create and expand more and more data within our interconnected electronic universe, the threat that they bring to its fragile structure grows as well. However Anonymous is not the only group of hackers/activists or hacktivists that have made their presence known. LulzSec was a group that wreaked havoc with information systems in 2011. This will be a case study examination of their activities so that a better understanding of five aspects can be obtained: the Timeline of activities, the Targets of attack, the Tactics the group used, the makeup of the Team and a category which will be referred to as The Twist for reasons which will be made clear at the end of the paper. Keywords: LulzSec, Hackers, Security, AntiSec, Anonymous, Sabu INTRODUCTION Information systems lie at the heart of our modern existence. We deal with them when we work, when we play and when we relax; texting, checking email, posting on Facebook, Tweeting, gaming, conducting e-commerce and e- banking have become so commonplace as to be nearly invisible in modern life. Yet, within each of these electronic interactions lies the danger that the perceived line of security and privacy might be breached and our most important information and secrets might be revealed and exploited.
    [Show full text]
  • PARK JIN HYOK, Also Known As ("Aka") "Jin Hyok Park," Aka "Pak Jin Hek," Case Fl·J 18 - 1 4 79
    AO 91 (Rev. 11/11) Criminal Complaint UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT for the RLED Central District of California CLERK U.S. DIS RICT United States ofAmerica JUN - 8 ?018 [ --- .. ~- ·~".... ~-~,..,. v. CENT\:y'\ l i\:,: ffl1G1 OF__ CAUFORN! BY .·-. ....-~- - ____D=E--..... PARK JIN HYOK, also known as ("aka") "Jin Hyok Park," aka "Pak Jin Hek," Case fl·J 18 - 1 4 79 Defendant. CRIMINAL COMPLAINT I, the complainant in this case, state that the following is true to the best ofmy knowledge and belief. Beginning no later than September 2, 2014 and continuing through at least August 3, 2017, in the county ofLos Angeles in the Central District of California, the defendant violated: Code Section Offense Description 18 U.S.C. § 371 Conspiracy 18 u.s.c. § 1349 Conspiracy to Commit Wire Fraud This criminal complaint is based on these facts: Please see attached affidavit. IBJ Continued on the attached sheet. Isl Complainant's signature Nathan P. Shields, Special Agent, FBI Printed name and title Sworn to before ~e and signed in my presence. Date: ROZELLA A OLIVER Judge's signature City and state: Los Angeles, California Hon. Rozella A. Oliver, U.S. Magistrate Judge Printed name and title -:"'~~ ,4G'L--- A-SA AUSAs: Stephanie S. Christensen, x3756; Anthony J. Lewis, x1786; & Anil J. Antony, x6579 REC: Detention Contents I. INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................1 II. PURPOSE OF AFFIDAVIT ......................................................................1 III. SUMMARY................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • Clickjacking
    Security Now! Transcript of Episode #168 Page 1 of 18 Transcript of Episode #168 ClickJacking Description: Steve and Leo discuss yet another challenge to surfing safely in the web world: Known as "ClickJacking," or more formally as "UI Redressing," this class of newly popular threats tricks web users into performing web-based actions they don't intend by leading them to believe they are doing something else entirely. High quality (64 kbps) mp3 audio file URL: http://media.GRC.com/sn/SN-168.mp3 Quarter size (16 kbps) mp3 audio file URL: http://media.GRC.com/sn/sn-168-lq.mp3 INTRO: Netcasts you love, from people you trust. This is TWiT. Leo Laporte: Bandwidth for Security Now! is provided by AOL Radio at AOL.com/podcasting. This is Security Now! with Steve Gibson, Episode 168 for October 30, 2008: Clickjacking. It's time for Security Now!, the show where we cover everything you'd ever want to know about security. And we do it with a guy who is the king, really, as far as I'm concerned, the man who discovered spyware, named spyware, wrote some of the most used security utilities out there, including ShieldsUP!, Mr. Steve Gibson of GRC.com. Hi, Steve. Steve Gibson: Yes, in fact sometimes we're discussing things that you'd rather wish weren't the case. I mean... Leo: Well, lately it's been kind of bleak because it's like, there's bad stuff, and there doesn't really seem like there's any cure. Steve: Yes, that's true.
    [Show full text]
  • Malware Analysis and Antivirus Technologies: Kernel Malware & A
    Malware Analysis and Antivirus Technologies: Kernel Malware & A Look at Malware Today Protecting the irreplaceable | f-secure.com Copyright F-Secure 2010. All rights reserved. 2 06 April, 2011 © F-Secure Confidential Brain • Brain is the first known PC virus • Discovered in 1986 • Boot sector virus • First versions only infected 360k floppies • Stealth features • Hides infected boot sector by hooking sector read interrupt • Marks sectors in FAT bad • … but after all hiding efforts, some variants change floppy label to “© Brain” 3 06 April, 2011 © F-Secure Brain: Boot Sector Before Infection 4 06 April, 2011 © F-Secure Brain: Infected Boot Sector 5 06 April, 2011 © F-Secure Demo: Brain PUBLIC 7 06 April, 2011 © F-Secure Confidential 8 06 April, 2011 © F-Secure Confidential 9 06 April, 2011 © F-Secure Confidential Definition “Kernel malware is malicious software that runs fully or partially at the most privileged execution level, ring 0, having full access to memory, all CPU instructions, and all hardware.” • Can be divided into two subcategories • Full-Kernel malware • Semi-Kernel malware Copyright F-Secure 2010. All rights reserved. History • Kernel malware is not new – it has just been rare • WinNT/Infis • Discovered in November 1999 • Full-Kernel malware • Payload – PE EXE file infector • Virus.Win32.Chatter • Discovered in January 2003 • Semi-Kernel malware • Payload – PE SYS file infector • Mostly proof of concepts Copyright F-Secure 2010. All rights reserved. Increase of Kernel-Mode Malware Unique malicious drivers 37000 32000 15500
    [Show full text]
  • The Botnet Chronicles a Journey to Infamy
    The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy Trend Micro, Incorporated Rik Ferguson Senior Security Advisor A Trend Micro White Paper I November 2010 The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy CONTENTS A Prelude to Evolution ....................................................................................................................4 The Botnet Saga Begins .................................................................................................................5 The Birth of Organized Crime .........................................................................................................7 The Security War Rages On ........................................................................................................... 8 Lost in the White Noise................................................................................................................. 10 Where Do We Go from Here? .......................................................................................................... 11 References ...................................................................................................................................... 12 2 WHITE PAPER I THE BOTNET CHRONICLES: A JOURNEY TO INFAMY The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy The botnet time line below shows a rundown of the botnets discussed in this white paper. Clicking each botnet’s name in blue will bring you to the page where it is described in more detail. To go back to the time line below from each page, click the ~ at the end of the section. 3 WHITE
    [Show full text]
  • Bakalářská Práce 2013
    Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav české literatury a knihovnictví Kabinet informa čních studií a knihovnictví Bakalá řská diplomová práce 2013 Alena Brožová Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Kabinet informa čních studií a knihovnictví Informa ční studia a knihovnictví Alena Brožová AntiSec: hacktivistická kampa ň za svobodu na internetu Bakalá řská diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Pavla Ková řová 2013 Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracovala samostatn ě s využitím uvedených pramen ů a literatury. …………………………………………….. Podpis autora práce Zde bych cht ěla pod ěkovat vedoucí práce PhDr. Pavle Ková řové za pomoc a cenné rady v pr ůběhu tvorby bakalá řské diplomové práce. Bibliografický záznam BROŽOVÁ, Alena. AntiSec: hacktivistická kampa ň za svobodu na internetu . Brno: Masarykova univerzita, Filozofická fakulta, Ústav české literatury a knihovnictví, Kabinet informa čních studií a knihovnictví, 2013, 59 s. Vedoucí bakalá řské práce PhDr. Pavla Ková řová. Anotace Bakalá řská diplomová práce „AntiSec: hacktivistická kampa ň za svobodu na internetu“ se zabývá hackerskými útoky v rámci operace AntiSec, které byly uskute čněny pod záštitou propagace svobodného internetu, svobody informací a svobody projevu. Práce se zabývá etickou oprávn ěností provedení útok ů v souvislosti s pravidly definovaných etických teorií a kodex ů. Pro toto hodnocení jsou využity principy dimenzionální analýzy. Výsledkem práce je souhrn informací o prob ěhnuté operaci s důrazem na eti čnost provedených útok ů. Annotation Bachelor thesis „AntiSec: hacktivism campaign for freedom on the internet“ deals with hacker attacks in Operation AntiSec which were made under the auspices of promoting free internet, freedom of information and freedom of expression. The work deals with the ethical legitimacy of carrying out attacks in relation to the rules of defined ethical theories and codes.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Malware
    Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Sep 24, 2021 An Introduction to Malware Sharp, Robin Publication date: 2017 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Sharp, R. (2017). An Introduction to Malware. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. An Introduction to Malware Robin Sharp DTU Compute Spring 2017 Abstract These notes, written for use in DTU course 02233 on Network Security, give a short introduction to the topic of malware. The most important types of malware are described, together with their basic principles of operation and dissemination, and defenses against malware are discussed. Contents 1 Some Definitions............................2 2 Classification of Malware........................2 3 Vira..................................3 4 Worms................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Semi-Automated Security Advisory System to Resist Cyber-Attack in Social Networks
    A Semi-Automated Security Advisory System to Resist Cyber-attack in Social Networks Samar Muslah Albladi and George R S Weir University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, UK {samar.albladi; george.weir}@strath.ac.uk Abstract. Social networking sites often witness various types of social engi- neering (SE) attacks. Yet, limited research has addressed the most severe types of social engineering in social networks (SNs). The present study in- vestigates the extent to which people respond differently to different types of attack in a social network context and how we can segment users based on their vulnerability. In turn, this leads to the prospect of a personalised security advisory system. 316 participants have completed an online-ques- tionnaire that includes a scenario-based experiment. The study result re- veals that people respond to cyber-attacks differently based on their de- mographics. Furthermore, people’s competence, social network experience, and their limited connections with strangers in social networks can decrease their likelihood of falling victim to some types of attacks more than others. Keywords: Advisory System, Social Engineering, Social Networks. 1 Introduction Individuals and organisations are becoming increasingly dependent on working with computers, accessing the World Wide Web and, more importantly, sharing data through virtual communication. This makes cyber-security one of today’s greatest issues. Pro- tecting people and organisations from being targeted by cybercriminals is becoming a priority for industry and academia [1]. This is due to the huge potential damage that could be associated with losing valuable data and documents in such attacks. Previous research focuses on identifying factors that influence people’s vulnerability to cyber-attack [2] as the human has been characterised as the weakest link in infor- mation security research.
    [Show full text]
  • A PRACTICAL METHOD of IDENTIFYING CYBERATTACKS February 2018 INDEX
    In Collaboration With A PRACTICAL METHOD OF IDENTIFYING CYBERATTACKS February 2018 INDEX TOPICS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 OVERVIEW 5 THE RESPONSES TO A GROWING THREAT 7 DIFFERENT TYPES OF PERPETRATORS 10 THE SCOURGE OF CYBERCRIME 11 THE EVOLUTION OF CYBERWARFARE 12 CYBERACTIVISM: ACTIVE AS EVER 13 THE ATTRIBUTION PROBLEM 14 TRACKING THE ORIGINS OF CYBERATTACKS 17 CONCLUSION 20 APPENDIX: TIMELINE OF CYBERSECURITY 21 INCIDENTS 2 A Practical Method of Identifying Cyberattacks EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW SUMMARY The frequency and scope of cyberattacks Cyberattacks carried out by a range of entities are continue to grow, and yet despite the seriousness a growing threat to the security of governments of the problem, it remains extremely difficult to and their citizens. There are three main sources differentiate between the various sources of an of attacks; activists, criminals and governments, attack. This paper aims to shed light on the main and - based on the evidence - it is sometimes types of cyberattacks and provides examples hard to differentiate them. Indeed, they may of each. In particular, a high level framework sometimes work together when their interests for investigation is presented, aimed at helping are aligned. The increasing frequency and severity analysts in gaining a better understanding of the of the attacks makes it more important than ever origins of threats, the motive of the attacker, the to understand the source. Knowing who planned technical origin of the attack, the information an attack might make it easier to capture the contained in the coding of the malware and culprits or frame an appropriate response. the attacker’s modus operandi.
    [Show full text]
  • TLS Attacks & DNS Security
    IAIK TLS Attacks & DNS Security Information Security 2019 Johannes Feichtner [email protected] IAIK Outline TCP / IP Model ● Browser Issues Application SSLStrip Transport MITM Attack revisited Network Link layer ● PKI Attacks (Ethernet, WLAN, LTE…) Weaknesses HTTP TLS / SSL FLAME FTP DNS Telnet SSH ● Implementation Attacks ... ● Protocol Attacks ● DNS Security IAIK Review: TLS Services All applications running TLS are provided with three essential services Authentication HTTPS FTPS Verify identity of client and server SMTPS ... Data Integrity Detect message tampering and forgery, TLS e.g. malicious Man-in-the-middle TCP IP Encryption Ensure privacy of exchanged communication Note: Technically, not all services are required to be used Can raise risk for security issues! IAIK Review: TLS Handshake RFC 5246 = Establish parameters for cryptographically secure data channel Full handshake Client Server scenario! Optional: ClientHello 1 Only with ServerHello Client TLS! Certificate 2 ServerKeyExchange Certificate CertificateRequest ClientKeyExchange ServerHelloDone CertificateVerify 3 ChangeCipherSpec Finished ChangeCipherSpec 4 Finished Application Data Application Data IAIK Review: Certificates Source: http://goo.gl/4qYsPz ● Certificate Authority (CA) = Third party, trusted by both the subject (owner) of the certificate and the party (site) relying upon the certificate ● Browsers ship with set of > 130 trust stores (root CAs) IAIK Browser Issues Overview Focus: Relationship between TLS and HTTP Problem? ● Attacker wants to access encrypted data ● Browsers also have to deal with legacy websites Enforcing max. security level would „break“ connectivity to many sites Attack Vectors ● SSLStrip ● MITM Attack …and somehow related: Cookie Stealing due to absent „Secure“ flag… IAIK Review: ARP Poisoning How? Attacker a) Join WLAN, ● Sniff data start ARP Poisoning ● Manipulate data b) Create own AP ● Attack HTTPS connections E.g.
    [Show full text]