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Bangladesh Climate Public Expenditures and Institutions Review

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Bangladesh Climate Public Expenditures and Institutions Review Bangladesh Clima t e P ublic Expenditur e and Institutional Re Bangladesh Climate Public Expenditure vie w ( and Institutional Review CPEIR) July 2012 For more information: Mr. Paul Steele Environment Advisor UNDP Regional Centre for Asia-Pacific APRC( ) Email: [email protected] Tel: +662 3049100 Fax: +662 2802700 asia-pacific.undp.org/ www.aideffectiveness.org/ClimateChangeFinance Mr. Tarik ul Islam UNDP Bangladesh Email: [email protected] PUBLIC EXPENDITURE IN CLIMATE CHANGE BANGLADESH CLIMATE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE AND INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW General Economics Division Planning Commission Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh 2 of 187 Public Expenditure for Climate Change Bangladesh Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR) General Economics Division Planning Commission Ministry of Planning Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh Dhaka May 2012 3 of 187 Credit Line: Consultants: Mark O’Donnell, International Public Finance Expert and Team Leader Dr KM Nabiul Islam, Climate Change Economics Expert Dr Tawhidul Islam, Climate Change Science Expert Dr Rezai Karim Khondker, Public Finance Management Expert Dr Siddiqur Rahman, Local Governance Expert Dr Merylyn Hedger, International Climate Change Expert Joyce Lee, International Local Governance Expert Special Contribution From: A.K.M. Mamunur Rashid, Project Manager, PECM Project Dipak Kumar Sarkar, Bangladesh Parliament Narayan Chandra Sinha, Finance Division Dr. Nurun Nahar, PECM Md. Abdul Awal Sarkar, PECM Mostafa Omar Sharif, CHTDF, UNDP Paul Steele, UNDP Asia Pacific Regional Centre Guidance: Dr. Shamsul Alam, Member, GED, Planning Commission Fakrul Ahsan, Chief, GED, Planning Commission Ranjit Chakrabarti, Additional Secretary, Finance Division Swapan Kumar Sarkar, Additional Secretary, Local Government Division Md. Wazed Ali, Additional Secretary, Disaster Management and Relief Division S.M. Nasim Uddin, National Project Director, PECM, GED, Planning Commission Dr. Nasir Uddin, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Environment and ForestStudy Coordinator: A.K.M. Mamunur Rashid, National Project Manager, Poverty Environment Climate Mainstreaming Project Financial Assistance: 4 of 187 5 of 187 Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. 6 List of Tables ....................................................................................................................... 12 List of Figures ...................................................................................................................... 13 List of Charts ....................................................................................................................... 14 Appendices ......................................................................................................................... 14 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. 15 Acronyms & Abbreviations .................................................................................................. 16 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................. 18 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 18 Objectives of the Study ............................................................................................................................... 18 Limitations and Challenges in the Study ..................................................................................................... 18 Bangladesh Context .................................................................................................................................... 19 Overview of Findings and Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 20 Significant Emerging Themes ................................................................................................................... 23 Financial Review Summary ....................................................................................................................... 24 Policy Review Summary ........................................................................................................................... 27 Institutions Review Summary ................................................................................................................... 28 Local Government Review Summary ....................................................................................................... 30 Next Step Recommendations ..................................................................................................................... 32 Climate Strategy ....................................................................................................................................... 32 Public Financial Management .................................................................................................................. 32 Climate Policy and Planning ..................................................................................................................... 34 Climate Institutions .................................................................................................................................. 34 Non Government Organisations and the Private Sector .......................................................................... 36 Chapter 1 - Introduction ...................................................................................................... 38 1.1 Introduction to CPEIR Study ........................................................................................................ 38 1.2 Climate change and climate finance defined .............................................................................. 39 1.2.1 Climate change ............................................................................................................................ 39 1.2.2 Climate finance ............................................................................................................................ 39 1.3 Structure of the report ................................................................................................................ 42 Chapter 2 – Climate Change Policy ....................................................................................... 43 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 43 2.2 Chapter Structure ........................................................................................................................ 43 6 of 187 2.3 Current policy environment ........................................................................................................ 44 2.4 Bangladesh’s position on climate change ................................................................................... 44 2.4.1 Overview on climate policy development ................................................................................... 44 2.4.2 Climate Policy Development ....................................................................................................... 45 2.4.3 Close relationship with Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) ............................................................... 45 2.4.4 Broader policy development ....................................................................................................... 46 2.4.5 International policy aspects ........................................................................................................ 47 2.4.6 Economic development aspects .................................................................................................. 48 2.5 National policy frameworks: sectoral policies ............................................................................. 48 2.5.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................................... 48 2.5.2 The Environment Policy 1992 ...................................................................................................... 49 2.5.3 Forest Policy 1994 ....................................................................................................................... 49 2.5.4 National Land Use Policy 2001 .................................................................................................... 49 2.5.5 National Fisheries Policy 1998 ..................................................................................................... 49 2.5.6 National Water Policy 1999 ......................................................................................................... 49 2.5.7 Coastal Zone Policy 2005 ............................................................................................................. 49 2.5.8 Livestock Development Policy 1992 ............................................................................................ 50 2.5.9 National Seed Policies 1993 ........................................................................................................ 50 2.5.10 Agriculture policy (Draft) 2010 .................................................................................................... 50
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