Story of Phil and Hal Smith
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Admiral William Frederick Halsey by Ruben Pang
personality profile 69 Admiral William Frederick Halsey by Ruben Pang IntRoductIon Early Years fleet admiral William halsey was born in elizabeth, frederick halsey (30 october new Jersey to a family of naval 1882 – 16 august 1959) was a tradition. his father was a captain united states navy (USN) officer in the USN. hasley naturally who served in both the first and followed in his footsteps, second World Wars (WWi and enrolling in the united states WWII). he was commander of (US) naval academy in 1900.3 the south pacific area during as a cadet, he held several the early years of the pacific extracurricular positions. he War against Japan and became played full-back for the football http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Halsey.JPG commander of the third fleet team, became president of the Fleet Admiral William Frederick Halsey for the remainder of the war, athletic association, and as during which he supported first classman “had his name general douglas macarthur’s engraved on the thompson advance on the philippines in trophy cup as the midshipman 1944. over the course of war, who had done most during halsey earned the reputation the year for the promotion of of being one of america’s most athletics.”4 aggressive fighting admirals, often driven by instinct over from 1907 to 1909, he gained intellect. however, his record substantial maritime experience also includes unnecessary losses while sailing with the “great at leyte gulf and damage to his White fleet” in a global third fleet during the typhoon circumnavigation.5 in 1909, of 1944 or “hasley’s typhoon,” halsey received instruction in the violent tempest that sank torpedoes with the reserve three destroyers and swept torpedo flotilla in charleston, away 146 naval aircraft. -
US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Forrestal, Kitty Hawk and Enterprise Classes
US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Forrestal, Kitty Hawk and Enterprise Classes BRAD ELWARD ILLUSTRATED BY PAUL WRIGHT © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com NEW VANGUARD 211 US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Forrestal, Kitty Hawk and Enterprise Classes BRAD ELWARD ILLUSTRATED BY PAUL WRIGHT © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4 ORIGINS OF THE CARRIER AND THE SUPERCARRIER 5 t World War II Carriers t Post-World War II Carrier Developments t United States (CVA-58) THE FORRESTAL CLASS 11 FORRESTAL AS BUILT 14 t Carrier Structures t The Flight Deck and Hangar Bay t Launch and Recovery Operations t Stores t Defensive Systems t Electronic Systems and Radar t Propulsion THE FORRESTAL CARRIERS 20 t USS Forrestal (CVA-59) t USS Saratoga (CVA-60) t USS Ranger (CVA-61) t USS Independence (CVA-62) THE KITTY HAWK CLASS 26 t Major Differences from the Forrestal Class t Defensive Armament t Dimensions and Displacement t Propulsion t Electronics and Radars t USS America, CVA-66 – Improved Kitty Hawk t USS John F. Kennedy, CVA-67 – A Singular Class THE KITTY HAWK AND JOHN F. KENNEDY CARRIERS 34 t USS Kitty Hawk (CVA-63) t USS Constellation (CVA-64) t USS America (CVA-66) t USS John F. Kennedy (CVA-67) THE ENTERPRISE CLASS 40 t Propulsion t Stores t Flight Deck and Island t Defensive Armament t USS Enterprise (CVAN-65) BIBLIOGRAPHY 47 INDEX 48 © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS FORRESTAL, KITTY HAWK AND ENTERPRISE CLASSES INTRODUCTION The Forrestal-class aircraft carriers were the world’s first true supercarriers and served in the United States Navy for the majority of America’s Cold War with the Soviet Union. -
Micronesica 37(1) Final
Micronesica 37(1):163-166, 2004 A Record of Perochirus cf. scutellatus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Ulithi Atoll, Caroline Islands GARY J. WILES1 Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources, 192 Dairy Road, Mangilao, Guam 96913, USA Abstract—This paper documents the occurrence of the gecko Perochirus cf. scutellatus at Ulithi Atoll in the Caroline Islands, where it is possibly restricted to a single islet. This represents just the third known location for the species and extends its range by 975 km. Information gathered to date suggests the species was once more widespread and is perhaps sensitive to human-induced habitat change. The genus Perochirus is comprised of three extant species of gecko native to Micronesia and Vanuatu and an extinct form from Tonga (Brown 1976, Pregill 1993, Crombie & Pregill 1999). The giant Micronesian gecko (P. scutellatus) is the largest member of the genus and was until recently considered endemic to Kapingamarangi Atoll in southern Micronesia, where it is common on many islets (Buden 1998a, 1998b). Crombie & Pregill (1999) reported two specimens resem- bling this species from Fana in the Southwest Islands of Palau; these are consid- ered to be P. cf. scutellatus pending further comparison with material from Kapingamarangi (R. Crombie, pers. comm.). Herein, I document the occurrence of P. cf. scutellatus from an additional site in Micronesia. During a week-long fruit bat survey at Ulithi Atoll in Yap State, Caroline Islands in March 1986 (Wiles et al. 1991), 14 of the atoll’s larger islets com- prising 77% of the total land area were visited. Fieldwork was conducted pri- marily from dawn to dusk, with four observers spending much of their time walking transects through the forested interior of each islet. -
By Dead Reckoning by Bill Mciver
index Abernathy, Susan McIver 23 , 45–47 36 , 42 Acheson, Dean Bao Dai 464 and Korea 248 , 249 Barrish, Paul 373 , 427 first to state domino theory 459 Bataan, Battling Bastards of 332 Acuff, Roy 181 Bataan Death March 333 Adams, M.D 444 Bataan Gang. See MacArthur, Douglas Adams, Will 31 Bataan Peninsula 329–333 Adkisson, Paul L. 436. See also USS Colahan bathythermograph 455 Alameda, California 268 , 312 , 315 , 317 , 320 , Battle of Coral Seas 296–297 335 , 336 , 338 , 339 , 345 , 346 , 349 , Battle off Samars 291 , 292 , 297–298 , 303 , 351 , 354 , 356 306–309 , 438 Alamogordo, New Mexico 63 , 64 Bedichek, Roy 220 Albano, Sam 371 , 372 , 373 , 414 , 425 , 426 , Bee County, Texas 12 , 17 , 19 427 Beeville, Texas 19 Albany, Texas 161 Belfast, Ireland 186 Albuquerque, New Mexico 228 , 229 Bengal, Oklahoma 94 Allred, Lue Jeff 32 , 44 , 200 Bidault, Georges 497 , 510 Alpine, Texas 67 Big Cypress Bayou, Texas 33 Amarillo, Texas 66 , 88 , 122 , 198 , 431 Big Spring, Texas 58 , 61 , 68 , 74 , 255 , 256 Ambrose, Stephen Bikini Atoll. See Operation Castle on Truman’s decision 466 , 467 Bilyeau, Paul 519 , 523 , 526 Anderson County, Texas 35 Blick, Robert 487 , 500 , 505 , 510 Anson County, North Carolina 21 Blytheville, Arkansas 112 Appling, Luke 224 Bockius, R.W. 272 , 273 , 288 , 289 , 290 Arapaho Reservation 50 commended by Halsey 273 Archer City, Texas 50 , 55 , 74 , 104 , 200 , 201 , during typhoon 288 , 289 , 290 259 on carrier work 272 Argyllshire, Scotland 45 Boerne, Texas 68 Arnold, Eddie 181 Bonamarte, Joseph 20 Arrington, Fred 164 Booth, Sarah 433 Ashworth, Barbara 110 , 219 , 220 , 433 , 434 Boudreau, Lou 175 Ashworth, Don 219 , 433 Bowers, Gary 361 , 375 , 386 , 427 Ashworth, Kenneth 219 , 220 Bowie, James 244 Ashworth, Mae 199 , 219 , 220 Bradley, Omar 252 Ashworth, R.B. -
THE HISTORY CHANNEL® and ENTERPRISE RENT-A-CAR® Partner to Bring BATTLE 360 to Viewers with Limited Commercial Interruption
THE HISTORY CHANNEL® AND ENTERPRISE RENT-A-CAR® PARTNER ON UNPRECEDENTED DEAL TO BRING BATTLE 360 TO VIEWERS WITH LIMITED COMMERCIAL INTERRUPTION Ten Episode Series Tells Story of USS Enterprise, the Historic World War II Aircraft Carrier Premieres Friday, February 29 at 10:00 p.m. ET/PT Series to Present 60 Second Messages from Jack Taylor, Founder of Enterprise Rent-A-Car, and a Veteran of the USS Enterprise All Other Battle 360 Episodes to Feature Exclusive Blended Entertainment Content Featuring In-Depth Interview with Taylor about His Experiences on USS Enterprise New York, NY, February 29, 2008 – The History Channel® and Enterprise Rent-A- Car today announced an unprecedented partnership that will allow for the entire ten- episode first season of Battle 360 to be seen with limited commercial interruption. The announcement was made by Mel Berning, Executive Vice President of Ad Sales, A&E Television Networks. Using the latest technology and animation to put viewers right in the middle of the action, Battle 360, which premieres Friday, February 29th at 10pm ET/PT, focuses on the USS Enterprise, an aircraft carrier that was front and center in nearly every major sea battle in the Pacific Theatre during World War II. The History Channel and Enterprise Rent-A- Car entered into the partnership as a unique way to honor Jack Taylor and his extraordinary life. The founder of Enterprise Rent-A-Car, Jack Taylor, flew combat missions off the decks of the USS Enterprise and earned two Distinguished Flying Crosses. Along with thousands of other members of the “Greatest Generation,” Taylor returned to civilian life and helped transform the United States into the world’s economic engine. -
Kamikazes! When Japanese Planes Attacked the U.S. Submarine Devilfish
KAMIKAZES! When Japanese Planes Attacked the U.S. Submarine Devilfish by NATHANIEL PATCH he image of desperate Japanese pilots purposely flying their Tplanes into American warships in the closing months of World War II figures prominently in American popular culture. When most people hear the term kamikaze, they think Fortunately, the Devilfish was close to the surface when of swarms of planes flying through a torrent of antiaircraft the explosion occurred, and the submarine took only mi fire and plowing into the decks of aircraft carriers, battle nor damage that the crew could control. ships, cruisers, and destroyers, taking the lives of sailors and The officers and crew in the control room took quick ac damaging or sinking the ships in this desperate act. tion to prevent the submarine from sinking and to mitigate Out of the hundreds of these attacks, one was quite un the damage done by the incoming saltwater. They leveled usual: the only kamikaze attack on an American subma off the submarine at 80 feet, and the drain pumps were rine, the USS Devilfish (SS 292). barely keeping up with the incoming water. The bilges of Why was this submarine attacked, and why was there the conning tower filled rapidly, and water began pouring only one attacker? The story of the attack on the Devilfish into the control room. A constant spray of saltwater from seems to be a fragment of a larger story, separated by time the conning tower splashed onto the electrical panels and and distance, occurring on March 20, 1945. If kamikazes consoles in the control room. -
The Battle of Midway
OVERVIEW ESSAY: The Battle of Midway (Naval History and Heritage Command, NH 73065.) One of Japan’s main goals during World War II was to THE BATTLE remove the United States as a Pacific power in order Early on the morning of June 4, aircraft from four to gain territory in east Asia and the southwest Pacific Japanese aircraft carriers attacked and severely islands. Japan hoped to defeat the US Pacific Fleet and damaged the US base on Midway. Unbeknownst to the use Midway as a base to attack Pearl Harbor, securing Japanese, the US carrier forces were just to the east of dominance in the region and then forcing a negotiated the island and ready for battle. After their initial attacks, peace. the Japanese aircraft headed back to their carriers to BREAKING THE CODE rearm and refuel. While the aircraft were returning, the Japanese navy became aware of the presence of US The United States was aware that the Japanese naval forces in the area. were planning an attack in the Pacific (on a TBD Devastator torpedo-bombers and SBD Dauntless location the Japanese code-named “AF”) because dive-bombers from the USS Enterprise, USS Hornet, Navy cryptanalysts had begun breaking Japanese and USS Yorktown attacked the Japanese fleet. The communication codes in early 1942. The attack location Japanese carriers Akagi, Kaga, and Soryu were hit, and time were confirmed when the American base at set ablaze, and abandoned. Hiryu, the only surviving Midway sent out a false message that it was short of Japanese carrier, responded with two waves of fresh water. -
The Weeping Monument: a Pre and Post Depositional Site
THE WEEPING MONUMENT: A PRE AND POST DEPOSITIONAL SITE FORMATION STUDY OF THE USS ARIZONA by Valerie Rissel April, 2012 Director of Thesis: Dr. Brad Rodgers Major Department: Program in Maritime History and Archaeology Since its loss on December 7, 1941, the USS Arizona has been slowly leaking over 9 liters of oil per day. This issue has brought about conversations regarding the stability of the wreck, and the possibility of defueling the 500,000 to 600,000 gallons that are likely residing within the wreck. Because of the importance of the wreck site, a decision either way is one which should be carefully researched before any significant changes occur. This research would have to include not only the ship and its deterioration, but also the oil’s effects on the environment. This thesis combines the historical and current data regarding the USS Arizona with case studies of similar situations so a clearer picture of the future of the ship can be obtained. THE WEEPING MONUMENT: A PRE AND POST DEPOSITIONAL SITE FORMATION STUDY OF THE USS ARIZONA Photo courtesy of Battleship Arizona by Paul Stillwell A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Program in Maritime Studies Department of History East Carolina University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Masters in Maritime History and Archaeology by Valerie Rissel April, 2012 © Valerie Rissel, 2012 THE WEEPING MONUMENT: A PRE AND POST DEPOSITIONAL SITE FORMATION STUDY OF THE USS ARIZONA by Valerie Rissel APPROVED BY: DIRECTOR OF THESIS______________________________________________________________________ Bradley Rodgers, Ph.D. COMMITTEE MEMBER________________________________________________________ Michael Palmer, Ph.D. -
Pacific ENSO Update: 2Nd Quarter 2015
2nd Quarter, 2015 Vol. 21, No. 2 ISSUED: May 29h, 2015 Providing Information on Climate Variability in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands for the Past 20 Years. http://www.prh.noaa.gov/peac CURRENT CONDITIONS The weather and climate of the central and western and travelled westward toward the Philippines. When tropical Pacific through April 2015 was extraordinary, with another typhoon formed in early February, a whole new forecast noteworthy extremes of rainfall, typhoons and oceanic response scenario opened: El Niño might strengthen and persist through to strong atmospheric forcing. The most damaging climatic 2015. The same suite of climate indicators that had predicted El extreme was the occurrence of a super typhoon (Maysak) that Niño in the first few months of 2014 was once again present in swept across Micronesia leaving a trail of destruction from even greater force in early 2015. This includes heavy rainfall in Chuuk State westward through Yap State, with Ulithi the RMI, early season typhoons, westerly wind bursts on the experiencing a devastating direct strike. A selection of equator, and falling sea level. During early March, a major additional weather and climate highlights includes: westerly wind burst occurred that led to the formation of the (1) Republic of Marshals Islands (RMI) -- record- tropical cyclone twins Bavi and Pam (Fig. 3). This westerly setting heavy daily and monthly rainfall on some atolls; wind burst (WWB) and associated tropical cyclone outbreak (2) Western North Pacific -- abundant early season shown in Figure 3 registered as the highest value of the Madden- tropical cyclones (5 in 4 months); Julian Oscillation (MJO) ever recorded (Fig. -
Welcome to the World – a New Star Is Born
CHAPTER ONE Welcome to the World – A New Star is Born The End of an Era… she was sold for scrap on July 1, 1958. Opposite page: Big E tended by a gaggle of The aircraft carrier USS Enterprise Then, in 1959, the shipyard at Kearney, tugs during her first year (CV-6) was the star of the US Navy in New Jersey, systematically deconstructed of life. World War II. From the outset, Big E Big E. “Starved and stifled by the years USN was renowned for her greatness as a ship long coma of inaction, the great spirit and the greatness of those who operated of Enterprise flickered and sank toward and flew from her. She also embodied extinction. And yet the spirit did not some magic: she was a lucky ship, seem- die.” Many opposed the inauspicious ingly always where she needed to be and scrapping of CV-6, and many more by good fortune always far from where hoped she would be immortalized as a things might have ended badly for her. museum. This was not to be. However, in A case in point was December 7, 1941, a fortuitous twist, a new carrier was being when she was not in port during the built not far from where CV-6 was built a Pearl Harbor attack – where she would third of a century earlier. This carrier was have had to take on the sizable Japanese to be bold, revolutionary, inspirational, armada alone. She operated success- and would bear the name Enterprise also. fully in almost every major Pacific fleet There would be an immortalization of encounter from 1941 to 1945, and was the name in a new body. -
MISSION: LIFEGUARD American Submarines in the Pacific Recovered Downed Pilots
MISSION: LIFEGUARD American Submarines in the Pacific Recovered Downed Pilots by NATHANIEL S. PATCH n the morning of September 2, 1944, the submarine USS OFinback was floating on the surface of the Pacific Ocean—on lifeguard duty for any downed pilots of carrier-based fighters at- tacking Japanese bases on Bonin and Volcano Island. The day before, the Finback had rescued three naval avi- near Haha Jima. Aircraft in the area confirmed the loca- ators—a torpedo bomber crew—from the choppy central tion of the raft, and a plane circled overhead to mark the Pacific waters near the island of Tobiishi Bana during the location. The situation for the downed pilot looked grim; strikes on Iwo Jima. the raft was a mile and a half from shore, and the Japanese As dawn broke, the submarine’s radar picked up the in- were firing at it. coming wave of American planes heading towards Chichi Williams expressed his feelings about the stranded pilot’s Jima. situation in the war patrol report: “Spirits of all hands went A short time later, the Finback was contacted by two F6F to 300 feet.” This rescue would need to be creative because Hellcat fighters, their submarine combat air patrol escorts, the shore batteries threatened to hit the Finback on the sur- which submariners affectionately referred to as “chickens.” face if she tried to pick up the survivor there. The solution The Finback and the Hellcats were starting another day was to approach the raft submerged. But then how would of lifeguard duty to look for and rescue “zoomies,” the they get the aviator? submariners’ term for downed pilots. -
Additional Historic Information the Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish
USS Hornet Sea, Air & Space Museum Additional Historic Information The Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish AMERICA STRIKES BACK The Doolittle Raid of April 18, 1942 was the first U.S. air raid to strike the Japanese home islands during WWII. The mission is notable in that it was the only operation in which U.S. Army Air Forces bombers were launched from an aircraft carrier into combat. The raid demonstrated how vulnerable the Japanese home islands were to air attack just four months after their surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. While the damage inflicted was slight, the raid significantly boosted American morale while setting in motion a chain of Japanese military events that were disastrous for their long-term war effort. Planning & Preparation Immediately after the Pearl Harbor attack, President Roosevelt tasked senior U.S. military commanders with finding a suitable response to assuage the public outrage. Unfortunately, it turned out to be a difficult assignment. The Army Air Forces had no bases in Asia close enough to allow their bombers to attack Japan. At the same time, the Navy had no airplanes with the range and munitions capacity to do meaningful damage without risking the few ships left in the Pacific Fleet. In early January of 1942, Captain Francis Low1, a submariner on CNO Admiral Ernest King’s staff, visited Norfolk, VA to review the Navy’s newest aircraft carrier, USS Hornet CV-8. During this visit, he realized that Army medium-range bombers might be successfully launched from an aircraft carrier.