Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences
China Agricultural University
Second Announcement:
12th International Symposium on Management of Potassium in Plant and Soil Systems in China
INTERNATIONAL POTASH INSTITUTE (IPI)
INSTITUTE OF SOIL SCIENCE, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE (ISSAS)
IN COOPERATION WITH CHINA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY (CAU)
JULY 24-27 , 2012 CHENGDU, SICHUAN, CHINA
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12th International Symposium on Management of Potassium in Plant and Soil Systems in China
Scientific Program
Confirmed speakers 27, 2012 -
o XiaoLin Li - (China Agricultural University)
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o Yuxin Miao - (China Agricultural University) o Ingrid Öborn - (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences) o Derrick Oosterhuis - (University of Arkansas) o Eran Raveh - (Agricultural Research Organization ARO Volcani Center) o Zed Rengel - (The University of Western Australia) o Volker Römheld - (University of Hohenheim) and Chen Qing (China Agricultural University) o Huoyan Wang - (Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science) o Philip White - (The James Hutton Institute) o Fusuo Zhang and Weifeng Zhang - (China Agricultural University)
o Jianmin Zhou - (Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science)
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Background Agricultural production in China has increased tremendously during the last thirty years, especially during the last 6 years. This was achieved via better farming practices and supporting policies as well as improved seeds, irrigation and fertilizer use. The sustainability of agricultural systems greatly depends on balanced
fertilization to improve soil fertility for secure and sustainable food production. Potassium fertilizers play a
crucial role in improving the quality and yields of crops and thus contribute to the welfare of farming
communities. 27, 2012 - With the increasing population and projected strong demand for food, fiber and fuel from agriculture in the future, and no waste land to spare for additional production, further refinement and optimization of
| July |24 July fertilization practices is required. At the same time, there is compelling evidence for sub-optimal usage of
nutrients: in many regions of China it is reported that nitrogen application far exceeds the needs, causing severe unbalanced fertilization. Potassium requirements in China are diverse: the fast growing fruit and vegetable sector need large amount of potassium, while potassium consumption in cereals and oil seeds is still low and in many cases below the optimal level.
Potash increases nitrogen use efficiency, taking this in mind, there is a need to optimize the use of potash in all sectors of the Chinese agriculture. By doing so, farmers will benefit from better utilization of precious irrigation water and nitrogen fertilizer, reduce the burden of reactive nitrogen on the environment and improve their income and profits. The international symposium on ―Management of Potassium in Plant and Soil Systems in China‖ will address the issues related to the role and benefits of potassium fertilizers in Chinese agriculture, focusing on chemical, physical and biological processes in soil and plants, farm management and economical application of fertilizers. During the symposium, issues including soil fertility, quality of mineral fertilizers, efficient use of fertilizers and fertigation will be discussed. This event will be of interest to soil and plant nutrition scientists, agronomists, and extension officers from universities and research organizations, government offices, agribusinesses who share an interest in improving food production and quality in China. Invited speakers will include scientists from China and abroad. Poster presentations are open to all, and students are encouraged to participate
and present research related/relevant to InternationalSymposium Management on of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China
th the themes of the symposium. 12 Water availability and high evaporation are other important parameters which affect productivity. The development of advanced technologies and fertilization practices is a priority to secure food production in the country, as well as a significant effort in education.
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Main Themes
Loss of soil fertility and stagnation of agricultural production
Nutrient mining and input-output balances at farm and regional levels
Evaluation of soil potassium fertility with different techniques and procedures
Potassium management in cereal and oil crops cropping systems
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Potassium management in the fruit and vegetable sector | July |24 July Potassium interaction with other nutrients
Potassium and biotic and abiotic stresses
Innovative extension products and procedures for increased agriculture productivity
Advanced technologies- fertigation, precision agriculture and remote sensing for quantum leap in fertilization efficiencies.
Organization
Executive committee
Chair: Mr. Hillel Magen, Director, IPI, Switzerland
nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China Prof. Jianmin Zhou, President of Nanjing Branch of The Chinese Academy of Sciences
Prof. Fusuo Zhang, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, CAU
Mr. Eldad Sokolowski, China Coordinator, IPI, Switzerland
Organizing committee InternationalSymposium Ma on
Chairman: Prof. Jianmin Zhou
th 12 Secretary of the symposium: Prof. Huoyan Wang, ISSAS, Nanjing
Guest editors: Prof. Fusuo Zhang and Dr. E.A. Kirkby
Prof. Jianchang Xie, ISSAS, Nanjing
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Prof. V. Römheld, Hohenheim University, Germany
Mr. Eldad Sokolowski.
Mr. Hillel Magen.
Guest editors of papers submitted to JPNSS.
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Venue and Accommodation
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The symposium will take place in Chengdu, Sichuan, China, at E-Mei-Shan Grand Hotel from Wednesday July 25th at 8:30 to July 27th midday, 2012. Accommodation for participants will be arranged in E-Mei-Shan Grand Hotel (Special price: 360 RMB per night) Address: No. 66, Second Ring W. Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610071. A link to the hotel (to be used for reference only, and not to be used for booking): http://hotels.itourbeijing.com/emei-hotels/emei-grand- hotel/
Language
English will be the Official Language of the Symposium.
Important Dates Submission of papers to JPNSS: till May 31st, 2012.
Submission of papers to the IPI-ISSAS- CAU proceedings and poster summaries: till May 31st, 2012.
Organizers will issue acceptance letters of oral presentation by June 23rd, 2012. InternationalSymposium Management on of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China
th Submission of registration form by July 1st 2012. The organizers cannot guaranty lodging at the E- 12 Mei-Shan Grand Hotel beyond this date.
Symposium: July 25- 27, 2012.
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Registration and Fees
600 RMB for Chinese participants submitting their registration form by May 31st, 2012 (400RMB for postgraduate student).
800 RMB for Chinese participants submitting their registration form by after May 31st, 2012
(500RMB for postgraduate student). 27, 2012 - 200 US$ for Foreign participants submitting their registration form by until May 31st, 2012 (120 US$
for postgraduate student).
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250 US$ for Foreign participants submitting their registration form by after May 31st, 2012 (150 US$ for postgraduate student).
Registration form should be sent to symposium secretariat [email protected]; [email protected]
Publish your paper at the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS)
We see great value in publishing papers presented at our symposium at the JPNSS. We encourage all authors to submit to the journal using the regular procedure (see at http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/jpnss) and mark in the manuscript that the paper is to be presented at the IPI-ISSAS-CAU symposium titled ―Management of Potassium in Plant and Soil Systems in China‖. The paper submitted will be forwarded to the guest editors, Prof. Dr. Fusuo Zhang and Dr. E.A. Kirkby. All
papers presented at the symposium will be published also in the proceedings. nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China
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Program Tuesday July 24th 2012: 08:00 – 24:00: Registration Wednesday July 25th 2012: 08:30 – 09:00: Opening ceremony 09:00 – 10:00: First session
10:00 – 10:20: Group photo 27, 2012 - 10:20 – 12:00: Second session
12:00 – 14:00: Lunch
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14:00 – 15:40: Third session 15:40 – 16:20: Coffee break & poster session 1 16:20 – 18:00: Fourth session Gala dinner Thursday July 26th, 2012: 08:30 – 10:00: Fifth session 10:00 – 10:20: Coffee break 10:20 – 12:00: Sixth session 12:00 – 14:00: Lunch 14:00 – 15:40: Seventh session 15:40 – 16:20: Coffee break & poster session 2 16:20 – 18:00: Eighth session Friday July 27th, 2012: 08:30 – 10:10: Ninth session 10:10 – 10:30: Coffee break 10:30 – 12:00: Final discussion, Conclusions & poster awards 12:00 – 13:00: Lunch 13:00 Touristic tour in Chengdu region
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Registration
Participants must be registered before July 24th, 2012. No participation will be accepted after this date.
Posters
All voluntary posters are welcome as posters related to the main themes of the symposium. Best 3 posters 27, 2012 - will be awarded (150 USD + IPI medal). In order to prepare a sufficient display, all participants who are
interested in presenting a poster are invited to send their poster summaries: till May 31st. | July |24 July
Visa Visa is required for citizens of most countries; therefore participants should contact the Chinese embassies or consulates in their countries to obtain a touristic visa. Upon request the symposium secretariat can send an official invitation.
Updates and Information
http://www.ipipotash.org/en/events/China+2012.php
Secretariat and Contact Information
Prof. Dr. Huoyan Wang, Dr. Xiaoqin Chen nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISSCAS), 71# East Beijing Road, Nanjing , 210008, P. R. China. Tel: +862586881569 Fax: +862586881000
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
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About Chengdu
Chengdu located in southwest People's Republic of China, is the capital of Sichuan province and a sub- provincial city. According to the 2007 public appraisal for best Chinese cities for Investment, Chengdu was
chosen as one of the top ten cities to invest in out of a total of 280 urban centers in China.
More than four thousand years ago, the pre-historical Bronze Age culture of Jinsha established itself in this
region. The fertile Chengdu Plain, on which Chengdu is located, is called Tianfuzhi guo in Chinese, which 27, 2012
- literally means "the country of heaven", or more often seen translated as "the Land of Abundance". It was
recently named China's 4th-most livable city by China Daily. | July |24 July
The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding is located 10 km from downtown Chengdu. The Chengdu Panda Center is the world's largest giant and red panda reserve. The center's main purpose is to educate visitors as well as breed, raise, and protect the endangered and huggable giant panda.
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Post symposium tours (Start from morning of July 28th, 2012)
There are a number of tours to choose from:
2 Days Tour: Leshan and Emei
Price: about 130US$ 27, 2012 - Day 1: Chengdu
Transport: By bus.
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Leshan Leshan (Le-shan, literally meaning "happy mountain") is a prefecture-level city located in the southwest part of Sichuan Province, at the intersection of the Mingjiang River, the Dadu River and the Qingyi River. The city covers an area of 12,827 sq km and has a population of 3.5 million. It is on the southwestern fringe of the Red Basin in southern Sichuan, about 120 km from Chengdu.
Climate: Leshan has a monsoon- influenced humid subtropical climate nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China and is largely mild and humid. Winter is short, mild and dry, with a January average of 7.1 °C (44.8 °F), and while frost may occur, snow is rare. Summers are long, hot and humid, with highs often exceeding 30 °C (86 °F), yet extended heat waves are rare. The daily average in July and August is around 26 °C (79 °F). Rainfall is light in winter and can be heavy in summer, and more than 70% of the annual total occurs from June to September.
Local Dialect:
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th The Leshan dialect, part of the Southern 12 linguistic system, is very different from the dialects of other cities in the province of Sichuan, which belong to the Northern system. Some researchers say the pronunciation of Leshan
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dialects represent an archaic form of Chinese pronunciation.
Leshan Giant Buddha: Leshan Giant Buddha is 71 meters high, 18 meters higher than the second largest stone Buddha of Bamyan in Afghanistan. It was built during the Tang Dynasty, carved out of a cliff of the Lingyun Hill that
lies at the confluence of the Minjiang, and Dadu Rivers. The Buddha is sitting there, wearing a cowl, with two hands putting on his knees, feet on the lotus. The total height of the Buddha is 71 meters, which is as
high as the top of Linyun Hill. It is lofty and massive with a symmetrical scale and with a 10 meter wide 27, 2012 - head, 5.6 meter long nose, 7 meter long ears, 5.6 meter long nose, 7 meter long ears, 5.6 meter long
eyebrows, 3.3 meter long eyes, 3.3 meter long mouth, 3 meter long neck, 28 meter wide shoulders and | July |24 July
8.3 meter long fingers, and the height from the Giant Buddha’s insteps to its knees is 28 meters. On the head, there are 1021 hair buns, each of which are as large as the round table. The feet back of the Buddha can hold more than 100 people. On the cliffs beside the Giant Buddha, there are two carved stone warriors in battle robe and holding the halberd. Besides, there are tens of hundreds carved Buddha, which makes the mountain a museum of Buddhist carving. For thousands of years, the Giant Buddha has eroded by wind and rain. However owing to the barrel- drains on the body and the head of the carved Buddha, the carving still stands majestically. The drainage system is so crafty that one will not find them easily.
Day 2: Chengdu
Transport: By bus.
Emei mountain Mount Emei (Emei Shan), with an elevation of 3,099 meters, is located 165 kilometers from Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province. Emei Mountain draws the attention of tourists since ancient times with phenomenal views all the year round. Mt. Emei is known as one of the four primary shrine mountains of Buddhism in China and the famous
national park, situated 7 kilometers southwest of
InternationalSymposium Management on of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China
th 12 Emeishan City, Sichuan Province. The mountain stretches out for 23km from south to north, occupying an area of about 115 square kilometers. Viewed from afar, its catchy Da'e and Ere hills stand side by side in quite symmetry, long and thin like
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the delicate eyebrows of a beautiful maid, hence the name, which literally means "the charming eyebrow of a beautiful maid" in Chinese.
Table Climate, Agrotype and Vegation of Emei mountain
Altitude ( m) Climate Agrotype Vegetation 2900-3099 Subarctic Spodosol Cold temperate zone evergreen coniferous forest and
27, 2012 bushwood - 2100-2900 Subtemperate Mountain dark Temperate zone broadleaved deciduous forest and
brown soil evergreen coniferous forest
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1500-2100 Warm Mountain brown Warm temperate zone temperate soil broad-leaved evergreen forests and deciduous broad- leaved forest 1000-1500 Subtropical Mountain Yellow Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest brown soil 0-1000 Subtropical Yellow soil Subtropical secondary vegetation
The long extending range of Mt Emei lies between Mt Liangshan and Mt. Laishan, referred to as "Mt Emei Block Belt" in geology. In its very long development, the mountain has gone through various ice invasion, water erosion, and wind sweeping of the nature, and finally presents itself with a rich a diversity of miraculous scenes. Te altitude difference of thousands meters brings about a temperature drop as sharp as 15°C, and atop the mountain Emei it is rainy and foggy, with an average of 26.5 raining days of a year. Hence the Emei Mountain is veiled behind misty clouds almost all year long, and it is a rare opportunity to have clear glimpse of the entire mountain. nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China Mountain Emei is a world famous site of tourism, with a miraculous views for each of its hills and a surprise every few steps. There are the recognized top ten scenes of Sunny Clouds over Loufeng Peak, Evening Belts at Shenji Monastery, Clear Sound under Twin Bridges, Morning Rain at Hongchun, Elephant Pond in Moonlight, Autumn Breeze over Baishui Monastery, Nine Sages's Residence, Overhanging Greenery at Linyan Rock, Snow World at Daping Monastery, and Buddha's Halo, Cloud Sea, Sunrise, and Holy Lamps. And there are series of interesting sites such as Nation Dedicating Temple, Tiger Taming Temple, Myriad Years Temple, Clear Sound Pavilion, Immortal Peak Temple, Elephant Bathing Pond,
Hongchun Terrace, and Golden Summit. Below is the Qing Dynasty Emperor Kangxi's Handwriting for InternationalSymposium Ma on
Mt. Emei: th
12 Featured with the graceful natural beauty, the long Buddhist culture, the rich resources of wild life, and the singular topography, Mount Emei wins itself the honor of "Top Elegance under the sun".
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3 Days Tour: Huanglong National park and Jiuzhaigou Price: about 400US$ Day 1: Chengdu to Huanglong national park.
Transport: By air.
27, 2012 - Huanglong national park
With an elevation of 5,588 meters, Xuebaoding, the summit of the Minshan Mountain Ridge, is | July |24 July
covered by snow all year round. It is often enveloped in mist and clouds. The Tibetans regard the summit sacred. According to local people, you can have a whole picture of the summit only in July and August. The water from melted snow provides moisture to this valley. This is the famous Huanglong Valley. It is a travertine valley that is 3.5 kilometers long and 300 meters wide. As the mountain resembles a dragon, it is also known as Hidden Dragon Mountain. Being a special nature reserve of the world, Huanglong Scenic Area was listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1992..
The water from melted snow and the karst emerging from below the earth flow together in the Huanglong Valley. The calcium carbonate in the water concentrated to form solid travertine dikes. This gives rise to groups of colored ponds. Colored travertine ponds are the main landscapes in Huanglong. Altogether Huanglong
has over 2,300 colored ponds in eight groups. InternationalSymposium Management on of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China
th Different layers of ponds are joined together just
12 like terraced fields. Large ponds reach dozens of square meters, and the small ones are only a few square meters. The calcium carbonate in the ponds deposited to form travertine bodies together with organic and inorganic substances. The water in the ponds is in different colors when the sun shines on it. So the ponds in Huanglong are called five-colored ponds.
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On the hillsides by the two sides of the Huanglong Valley are virgin forests. Different types of flowers and plants are found in the forests. The evergreen coniferous trees and precious flowers and plants add to the beauty of Huanglong. According to statistics, Huanglong has a forest coverage of 65.8% and a vegetation coverage of 88.9%. Many rare animals are also found in the forests in Huanglong. Occasionally,
these lovely birds visit the colored ponds.
Huanglong travertine waterfall & Huanglong Valley
27, 2012 Five-colored rushing water climbs over the dyke, leaving an impressive travertine waterfall in - Huanglong. The main part of travertine waterfall is 2,500 meters long and 30 to 170 meters wide. Under
the sun, the calcium water slowly flows down just like golden sand. The flowing golden water makes the | July |24 July valley look like a golden dragon lying between the snow-capped mountain and the forest. Fundamentally, the colored ponds in Huanglong came into being when limestone was eroded by water. Geologically, this is known as karst landform. In China, karst landforms are found in many areas. So why are there large colored ponds only in Huanglong? In China, karst topography is found mainly in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou. The typical feature of karst topography is that limestone was eroded by water to form stone forests, rock columns, caves and underground rivers. The stone forests in Yunnan and the karst landscapes in Guilin, Guangxi, were caused by limestone eroded by water. The colored bonds in Huanglong, however, were caused by the solid dikes formed by travertine deposits. Therefore, stones in Guangxi and Yunnan were eroded by water to form rock columns and stone forests. In Huanglong, however, travertine deposited in water form colored nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China bonds. A careful observation shows that many plants such as azaleas and willows grow by the colored ponds in Huanglong. The branches of these plants have long been immersed in the water. As a result, the water is covered by travertine and algae. The minerals in travertine and algae combine to make the water appear
in blue, yellow and green. Thanks to the beautiful water, Huanglong appears to be gorgeous against the InternationalSymposium Ma on
snow-capped mountains and forests nearby. th
12 In the world, large-scale travertine caused by deposited cold water is very rare. Just like Huanglong, Turkey’s Herablis also have large colored ponds. But these ponds are not so big as those in Huanglong either individually or as a whole. An individual colored pond in Huanglong has an outside vertical height of 6.8 meters and is the highest in the world. And it is 3.5 kilometers long. Huanglong has 2,331 colored ponds which constitute the largest such landscape in the world.
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Day 2: Jiuzhaigou.
Transport: By bus.
Jiuzhaigou.
Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area lies among the Minshan Mountains in the northwest of Sichuan Province and
closes to the Gansu Province. It got its name because there are nine Tibetan villages around it. As it is a 27, 2012 - remote place with unusually charming primitive
scenery and few inhabitants, it is a place of | July |24 July
fantasy and reality, hence it is known as the "World of Fairyland" and "Wonderland on Earth." 400 kilometers from Chengdu, the scenic spots in Jiuzhaigou Valley are mainly distributed over Shuzheng, Rize and Zechawa gullies, altogether covering an area of 720km2 and
stretching out for a total length of over 50km. Surrounded by undulating mountains, the gullies are covered with luxuriant primitive forests. Scores of snow clad peaks piercing straight into the cloud in a distance look very splendid and crystal. From the top to the bottom, with an elevation from 3,000 m to 1,800 m, more than 100 unique lakes are scattered in a shape of ladders, among which there are many waterfalls. High mountains, snow peaks, lakes and folded waterfalls set each other off, forming wonderful natural; together scenery with the habitats of rare animals, such as grand pandas, little pandas, and golden monkeys, Jiuzhaigou Valley attracts over 5 million tourists from all over the world every year.
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Jiuzhaigou's ecosystem is classified as temperate broad-leaf forest and woodlands, with mixed mountain and highland systems. Nearly 300 km2 (116 sq mi) of the core scenic area are covered by virgin mixed forests. Those forests
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take on attractive yellow, orange and red hues in the autumn, making that season a popular one for visitors. They are home to a number of plant species of interest, such as endemic varieties of rhododendron and bamboo. Local fauna includes the endangered giant panda and golden snub-nosed monkey. Both populations are
very small (less than 20 individuals for the pandas) and isolated. Their survival is in question in a valley subject to increasing tourism. Jiuzhaigou is also home to approximately 140 bird species.
27, 2012 Geology： - Jiuzhaigou's landscape is made up of high-altitude karsts shaped by glacial, hydrological and tectonic
| July |24 July activity. It lies on major fault lines on the diverging belt between the Qinghai-Tibet Plate and the Yangtze
Plate, and earthquakes have also shaped the landscape. The rock strata is mostly made up of carbonate rocks such dolomite and tufa, as well as some sandstone and shale. The valley includes the catchment area of three gullies (which due to their large size are often called valleys themselves), and is one of the sources of the Jialing River, part of the Yangtze River system. Jiuzhaigou's best-known feature is its dozens of blue, green and turquoise-colored lakes. The local Tibetan people call them "Haizi" in Chinese, meaning "son of the sea". Originating in glacial activity, they were dammed by rock falls and other natural phenomena, then solidified by processes of carbonate deposition. Some lakes have a high concentration of calcium carbonate, and their water is very clear so that the bottom is often visible even at high depths. The lakes vary in color and aspect according to their depths, residues, and surroundings. Lakes in Shuzheng Gulley People in West Sichuan call the lake in the mountain "Haizi"(son of the sea). Calcium carbonate crystals lie at nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China the bottom and along the backend of the lakes in the Shuzheng Gulley. Lakes are distributed like a ladder and the layer-upon-layer filtrated water from the flowing spring is sparkling clear so that one can see fishes swimming at the bottom 10 to 20 m deep. Some lakes are called "Crystal Palace" and others "Lakes Where Dragons Hide". Around the "Group of Seas" there are exotic and rare flowers, grasses and forests, which took on a riot of
color in autumn. They reflect in the mirror-like lakes,
InternationalSymposium Ma on th together with the blue sky, white clouds, and snowy 12 mountains, thus from a natural beautiful picture and attract people greatly. Waterfalls in Jiuzhaigou
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Waterfalls in Jiuzhaigou are multiple, each having its own characteristics. Waters in Shuzheng fall from ladder-shaped lakes. When water is abundant, these waterfalls are of awe-inspiring sights, cascading down overwhelmingly and creating a thundering, soul-stirring boom that can be heard miles and creating a thundering, soul-stirring boom that can be heard miles away, like thousands of horses running. When there is not much water, they will hand down tenderly from the precipices like a silver belt. There are 17 waterfall groups, all of them are beautiful and full of power. Moreover, 6 of them are wider and longer than Huangguoshu waterfall (the most famous in China).The most famous is the Luorilang Waterfall. It is
27, 2012 more than 100 meters wide and 20 meters high. It rushes from the Mirror Lake, flows through the water- - willows on the rocks, like pieces of silver cloth woven from an enormous green loom when seen in the
distance. A rainbow will appear in the sun when the waterfall bumps on the grotesque rocks and forms a | July |24 July vivid curtain of mist. In winter, thousands of ice-columns stand majestically; the Pearl Beach Waterfall rushes in and out because of the obstruction of bumps and hollows; the strings and curtains of water look pretty and vigorous in the sun, like glittering pearls. Standing in front of it you will feel its strong power deeply. The Shuzheng waterfall is not so wide and about 30 meters high, water flying down to the valley just like two dragons waking up from their dream. Panda Sea Waterfall is the highest one, about 78 meters high. In Jiuzhaigou waterfalls and trees are mingled together, we call the rare scenery "forest waterfall". Multicolored Lakes Algae in the calcium carbonate water of the lakes present different colors because of the different pigment composition, showing blue, bright green, brown yellow and red. Very beautiful ripples of different colors can be seen, when breeze gives a gentle puff to the lake. The most picturesque lakes are the Give Flower Sea in the middle of Rize Gully and the Multicolored Pond of Zechawa. Under the sun, the former glitters with light rings, just like colorful feathers of a peacock, while the latter is a small sea, exquisite, colorful and dazzling, famous for its pretty colors and crystal purity. The Multicolored Pond never freezes all the year round, and the water in the pond does not change though there are alternate waterlongging and drought. Day 3: Jiuzhaigou to Chengdu Transport: By air.
After breakfast at hotel, depart from Jiuzhaigou to Chengdu. Tour finished
4 Days Tour: Hailuogou and Kangding InternationalSymposium Management on of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China
th Price: about 250 US$ 12 A classical package tour to admire the spectacular wonders of the glaciers formed in the Present Ice Age in the Hailuogou Glacier Park in Sichuan! traverse the beautiful Chengdu Plain, drive through the longest tunnel in China, stopover at the battlefield - a Qing dynasty suspension bridge using iron chains where the Chinese Red Army had a vehement battle with the Kuomintang army during the Long March, stay at an ancient town featuring multinational culture and traditions, hike through the virgin forest, take
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cable car to watch the breathtaking ice ridges, glacier cascades, ice forests...and enjoy bath in the natural hot springs... Day 1: Cehngdu to Moxi town. Transport: By bus.
Chengdu Plain. Erlangshan Tunnel. Luding Bridge 27, 2012 - Morning our guide and driver will meet you in your hotel in Chengdu. Then drive about 300km to
Moxi Old Town. On the way we will drive through the beautiful Chengdu Plain and the longest tunnel in | July |24 July
China -- Mt. Erlangshan Tunnel (4176m). You can enjoy the picturesque scenery along the Qingyi River and the Dadu River. When we arrive in Luding County, we will make a stop-over at Luqiao Town and pay a visit to the Luding Bridge, the Ludingqiao Revolutionary Relics Museum, the Monument to the Red Army Dashed Through the Luding Bridge and the park. Continue to drive to Moxi Town and check into the hotel. Lunch is served at a local restaurant on the way and dinner at Moxi. Recommended night activities: You can have a walk around the town, find some relics and local people's life, go to bars, restaurants or souvenir shops.
Day 2: Moxi town. Transport: By bus.
Glacier. Ice mushrooms. Natural hot springs.
After breakfast, drive to the Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park. Upon reaching the foot of the glaciers, you can choose either go to see glaciers by foot through the forest or take the cable car to the sightseeing stage (Camp No. 4 ) to overlook the spectacular wonders of the glaciers. Later we will transfer nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China to the Camp No. 2 to enjoy the absolute natural hot spring. Drive back to your hotel in Moxi. Moxi Old Town is located in the southern part of Luding County, Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture. It is about 304 km from Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province. The town suffuses very strong multinational flavor. It has a population of 5,600 and formed by a complex of 12 different tribes including Han, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Tujia, Qiang and so forth. Locating at an elevation of 1,600 meters,
the town has very distinctive seasons. Its climate is InternationalSymposium Ma on
quite pleasant, neither too hot in summer nor too th
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Moxi was one of the important towns along the ancient Tea and Horse Route. Before the Luding Bridge was built in 1705, it was the only town which must be passed from Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou to Tibet. Moxi Old Town also connects the east piedmont of the Hailuogou National Glacier Forest Park and serves as the only entrance gate to the park. Today, many hotels (most are Tibetan style) equipped with excellent facilities are built up there.
27, 2012 The tourists who flock to Hailuogou would like to - make a stop-over for one or two nights in the town.
| July |24 July Moxi Town has an old street flanked with some
Ming and Qing dynasties' style wooden folk houses. It measures 10 m in width and 400 m in length. Rambling along the street, you can find some coffee shops, restaurants, bars, inns, and souvenir shops. In Moxi Town, you can also find some relics, such as the Kwan-yin Temple, the Golden Flower Lamasery and the small church built in 1918. Day 3: Kangding county Transport: By bus.
Mugecuo. Paoma mountain.
Mugecuo (Wild Man Lake) is a sacred tourist place and a bright shining jewel in Kangding. There, mountains are green, water is clear, birds sing and flowers give forth their fragrance. It attracts many visitors from in and outside of China. Mugecuo has mountains, water, springs, lakes, flowers, trees, birds, and other innumerable natural wonders. The most famous of these is the
"Great Lake." In the daytime, if the weather is good, the sun shines on the surface of the "Great Lake" and
InternationalSymposium Management on of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China makes most of the water appear light blue. The center th
12 of the lake does not contain any dark blue hues and looks as if it's the blue sky. If you take a boat out on the water, you will feel it is very still, so still that you can't feel the water moving. The water is very clean, so clean that you can see the sand and stone at the
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bottom. The water is very blue, so blue that it looks like a gem. In summer, around the "Great Lake" there are green-forested mountains covered with multi-colored flowers such as azaleas and Tibetan "Gesang" flowers. Bud by bud, patch by patch, meadow by meadow, variety by variety, they compete with one another to blossom the most beautifully. Of the surrounding
mountains, one looks like Tangshen, from the ancient story "Journey to the West," staring at the horizon alone, so it is called "Thoughtful Tangshen Mountain." Another mountain is even more special. It looks like
Tangshen's disciple Zhubajie (the pig god), facing the sky and shouting loudly. So, it is called "Shouting 27, 2012 - Bajie Mountain." The trees, flowers, birds, and other natural beauty on the mountains decorate it like a
garden in the sky. | July |24 July Paoma Mountain is located in the southeast of Lucheng Town in Kangding County of Sichuan Province. In Tibetan language, it is called Fairy Mountain and regarded as one of the holy mountains. There are many attractions in the mountain, which will bring you to a fairyland. climbing up the mountain from the left foot of the mountain and walking along the path in the azalea and rose bushes, you can see the Five-Color Sea , which is 4100 meters above the sea level. It is the remnants of glaciations, covering an area of 110 square meters. Around the lake there are precipitous cliffs. On the east side of the lake, there is a waterfall, the water of which is like thousands of pearls. The lake is as clear as a mirror. In the morning, the sun glows, the waterfall is reflected on the lake. The color of the lake is changeable under the sunlight.
On the south slope of Paoma Mountain, there is nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China the Yongxue Pavilion, which is hiding in the green woods. When winter turns to spring, you can step to the top of the pavilion, lean on the baluster and take a bird’s view. The mountains and hills on the southwest are all covered with snow, which will give you great inspiration to write a poem to appreciate the snow.
Day 4: Chengdu. Transport: By bus.
Depart from Kangding County to Chengdu.
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6 Days Tour: Lhasa and Linzhi (Include round-trip ticket ) Price: about 600 US$ Notes for those who are entering Tibet for the first time:
A medical examination is necessary if you've never been to plateaus and follow your doctor’s advice.
Don't run or move rapidly in Tibet, allow time to adjust to the altitude.
27, 2012 - It's useful to carry sunglasses, after-sun cream, a sunhat and lip balm as well as common
medicines for colds and anodyne.
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Eat vegetables and fruits. Most people are going to suffer from Mountain Sickness, so please take care of yourself.
Show respect to the local people and their customs. Lhasa is the administrative capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China and the second most populous city on the Tibetan Plateau, Climate:
Due to its very high elevation, Lhasa has a cool semi-arid climate with frosty winters and mild summers, yet the valley location protects the city from intense cold or heat and strong winds. The city enjoys nearly 3,000 hours of sunlight annually and is thus sometimes called the "sunlit city" by Tibetans. The coldest month is January with an average temperature of −1.6 °C (29.1 °F) and the warmest month is June with a daily average of 16.0 °C (60.8 °F), though nights have generally been warmer in July. Lhasa has an annual precipitation of 426 millimeters (16.8 in) with rain falling mainly in July, August and September. The driest month is January and the wettest month is August. The rainy season is widely regarded the "best" of the year as rains come mostly at night and Lhasa is still sunny during the daytime.
Day 1: Chengdu to Lhasa Transport: By air.
Brahmaputra. snowy region.
Lhasa has an elevation of 3600 meters, where oxygen content of air is only 70 percent of that in plains. InternationalSymposium Management on of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China
th On our way to hotel, we can enjoy the heart-beating highland view along this Brahmaputra (the longest 12 river in Tibet). Get full rest for acclimatization. The first day when you arrive in Lhasa you should have enough rest and drink much water. In addition, you should not to walk fast and do physical work in case you get the altitude sickness. Moreover, the first meal you should not eat too much.
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Day 2: Lhasa Transport: By bus.
Potala Palace. Jokhang Temple. Barkhor Street.
Visit the highest palace in the world— Potala Palace which is the Dalai Lama's winter palace. It locates on the red hill, a good viewing point in Lhasa. In the afternoon, you visit the renowned Jokhang Temple
which will provide us one of your first sights of devout Tibetans. In the temple you will see the glistening
27, 2012 - Sakyamuni statue which is considered as Tibetan Buddhism's rarity. After you will walk around the Barkhor
Street. | July |24 July Potala Palace:
The Potala Palace, which is now on the list of Chinese national key protected cultural relics, is the most valuable storehouse in Tibet. It is a huge treasure house for materials and articles of Tibetan history, religion, culture and arts. The Palace is widely known for the precious sculptures, murals, scripture, Buddha figures, murals, antiques, and religious jewelry treasured up, they are of great cultural and artistic value. In 1994, the Potala Palace was declared the United Nations World Cultural Heritage site. Perched upon the Marpo Ri Hill, 130 meters above the Lhasa valley, it is the greatest monumental structure in Tibet
nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China Jokhang Temple:
Constructed in the 7th century AD to house, the statues of Buddha that princesses Bhrikuti from Nepal and Wen Cheng from Tang Dynasty China brought as gifts for their future husband, King Songtsan Gampo. The temple has been enlarged many times over the centuries and now also houses statues of King Songtsan Gambo and his two famous foreign brides.
However, the original statue of Jowo Sakyamuni Buddha that
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12 Cheng brought from Chang' an over 1300 years ago is definitely its most sacred and famous possession, and is perhaps the most venerated religious artifact in all of Tibet. The temple,
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a splendid four-floor building facing west under a gilded rooftop, is located on Barkhor Square in the center of the old section of Lhasa.
Barkhor Street:
Watch the pilgrims, wearing local dress from many different parts of Tibet, as they circle clockwise
around Jokhang Temple with prayer wheels, or prostrate themselves near the front gate. Join the locals and 27, 2012 - visitors to shop for local goods at the colorful stalls, or relax in a coffee shop or tea house to enjoy the
passing parade. | July |24 July
Day 3: Lhasa Transport: By bus.
Yangbajing. Nam lake.
We will go to Yangbajing from Lhasa by bus, where You can enjoy a wonderful spa. The next spot is Nam lake. Nam lake is a lake which is the holiest in Tibet. Then, you can go shopping for beautiful traditional crafts. At the end of day, we will go back to Lhasa.
Yangbajing:
Lying about 4, 300 meters (14, 000 ft) above sea level, Yangbajing has a unique natural phenomenon: warm, green grassland valley encircled by snow-capped mountains of over 5,500 meters (18, 000 ft) in height. Situated about 90 kilometers (55.9 miles) northwest to Lhasa City, the Yangbajing geothermal area has many hot water wells and hot springs, which covers an area of 40 square kilometers (15 sq miles). Its grass is green all year-round; even during bitter winter when the temperature is usually - 20 C, its hot spring water is still 30 - 40 C.By using its rich natural resources, Yangbajing has the largest geothermal energy power station in China, whose yearly output supplies
45% of electricity required by Lhasa City. The hot spring InternationalSymposium Management on of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China
th resort is in the open air, which attracts both residents of Lhasa 12 and tourists alike. Tip: Due to its high altitude, spending too long time to take a bath in hot springs is not recommended, because of the possibility of oxygen-deficient environment.
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Nam Lake:
As a famous Buddhism sacred lake, there are more than 50 sacred places surrounding Nam Lake, including Richu, Practice Buddhism Hole, temples, 18 mountain ridges (one of
which is in the north) and 18 isles (one is in the south). The weather of Nam Lake is quite changeable, and hailstones may
suddenly come in midsummer. The temperature is so low at 27, 2012 - night that you need to wear down jackets. If someone catches a cold, it may cause high altitude pulmonary edema that may
endanger his life. Therefore, it is very important to keep warm
| July |24 July
at night.
Day 4: Lhasa to Bayi town Linzhi. Transport: By bus.
linzhi. Water fall of kadinggou. Bayi town
The Bayi Town located at the Nyangchu riverside, with an altitude of 3000 m, is a newly shot up town, and it is the administrative seat of the Nyingtri area. The town has a humid climate and a beautiful landscape with evergreen dense forest with a surrounding of mountain ranges. There are many beautiful scenic spots nearby. More than 6 km away from Bayi town, there is a protected spot of Cypress trees, which is full of thousand-year-old cypresses, the biggest being over 2,500 years, 18 m. in circumference and 50 m. tall, it is called ―the King of Cypress‖.12 km. away from there, there is another ancient mulberry (13m) in circumference, it has a history of more than 1,600 years and is called ―the King of Mulberry‖. Legend says that Songtsen Gampo and Princedd Wen cheng planted the mulberry in ancient times.
nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China Day 5: Bayi Town Linzhi to Lhasa.
Transport: By bus.
Xiuba Castles Group
Xiuba ancient castles group, occupying over 800 sq. meters were built in later stage of Tang Dynasty and 5 castles left over currently. These castles in 50-60 meters height
were built in gallets and wood blocks in column with 12 InternationalSymposium Ma on
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th these castles hasn't been researched yet. 12 Day 6: Lhasa to Chengdu. Transport: Lhasa. By air.
Depart from lhasa.
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12th International Symposium on "Management of Potassium in Plant and Soil Systems in China"
July 24-27, 2012. Chengdu, Sichuan, China
REGISTRATION FORM
27, 2012 - Please complete the form and send by e-mail or fax to the Symposium Secretariat:
Prof. Dr. Huoyan Wang; Tel: +86 25 86881569; Mobile: +8613512502034; Fax: +862586881000;
| July |24 July
Email: [email protected]
Personal information (Please type or print clearly in CAPITAL LETTERS)
Surname: First name: Title: Mr. Mrs. Ms. Prof. Dr. others (please specify: ) Organization: Mailing address: City: State: Zip code: Phone: Fax: E-Mail address:
Presentation type*: Oral Poster Title for the oral or poster presentation:
* Final date for submission of papers to the IPI-ISSAS-CAU proceedings and poster summaries is May 31st, 2012.
InternationalSymposium Management on of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China th
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Hotel reservation:
The symposium will take place at E-Mei-Shan Grand Hotel (http://hotels.itourbeijing.com/emei- hotels/emei-grand-hotel/). Accommodation for participants could be booked at the hotel for a special price of 360 RMB single or double room/per night (~USD 55).
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Would you like a room to be booked? No, I have booked a room at a different hotel.
Yes, I intend to stay at E-Mei-Shan Grand Hotel (payment will be done on arrival).
Type of room: Single Double others (please specify: )
Arrival on: ______July 2012 Departure date: _____July 2012 27, 2012 -
| July |24 July
Details needed for issuing an official invitation letter (for visa application)
Sex: M. F. Date of Birth: Nationality: Passport No.: Date of issue: Date of expiry: ______Date and place of entry: Date of Departure: Places to be visited in China: Visa applying site information: Country: embassy or consulate: city:
nagement of Potassium in Plant and SoilSystems in China
Post symposium tour choice (see details in second announcement)
I plan to participate in:
Tour 1: 2 day tour to Leshan and Emei Mountain
Tour 2: 3 day tour to Jiuzhaigou-Huanglong Geologic Park
Tour 3: 4 day tour to Kangding
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12 Tour 4: 6 day tour to Tibet