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R and D of the Div. of Engineering National Research Evaluation Of DOCUMENT RESUME ED 081 136 EC 052 421 TITLE Evaluation of Sensory Aids for the Visually Handicapped. INSTITUTION National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, D.C. SPONS AGENCY Social and Rehabilitation Service (DHEW), Washington, D.C.; Veterans Administration, Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 72 NOTE 194p.; Report on a conference sponsored by the Subcommittee on Sensory Aids Committee on Prosthetics R and D of the Div. of Engineering National Research Council (National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D. C., Nov. 11-12, 1971) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$6.58 DESCRIPTORS Braille; Conference Reports; *Electromechanical Aids; *Exceptional Child Education; *Mobility Aids; *Sensory Aids; *Visually Handicapped ABSTRACT Presented are 11 papers given at a conference on the evaluation of sensory aids for the visually handicapped which emphasid mobility and reading aids beginning to be tested and distributed widely. Many of the presentations are by the principal developers or advocates of the aids. Introductory readings compare the role of evaluaticn in the prosthetics and orthotics program to the area of sensory aids and review the history of braille. Reading machines are considered in five papers with the following titles: "Evaluation of Certain Reading Aids for the Blind", "Experience in Evaluation of the Visotoner", "Optacon Evaluation Considerations", "Plans for the Evaluation of a High Performance Reading Machine for the Blind", and "A Digital Spelled-Speech Reading Machine for the Blind". The evaluation of mobility aids is examined in five papers with the following titles: "The VA--Bionic Laser Cane for the Blind", "Experience in Evaluation of the Russell Pathsounder", "Evaluation of the Ultrasonic Binaural Sensory Aid for the Blind", "Dearing Light Sensing Typhlocane--Model LST-3, and "Evaluation of Mobility Aids". Extensive appendixes include the conference agenda, a list of participants, an evaluation of binaural sensory aid for the blind, the instruction manual for the Dearing Light-Sensing Typhlocane, and discussions about personal reading appliances for the blind, factors retarding sensory aids research for the blind, and the evaluation of the Kay Binaural Sensor. (DB) is DE ,,4141yENT OF HE,'L EDUC:.1)04,. ,NELF:-.RE oSTTuTf.- OF EDuCATION . VISUALLY HANDICAPPED NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES FILMED FROM BESTAVAILABLE COPY DISCLAIMER NOTICE: The study reported herein was undertaken under the aegis of the National Research Council with the express ap- proval of the Governing Board of the NRC. Such approval indicated that the Board considered that the problem is of national significance; that elucidation or solution of the problem required scientific or technical competence and that t7le resources of NRC were particularly suitable to the conduct of the project. The institutional responsibilities of the NRC were then discharged in the following manner: The members of the study committee were selected for their individual scholarly competence and judgment with due consideration for the balance and breadth of disci- pZines. Responsibility for aZZ aspects of this report rests with the study committee, to whom we express our sin- cere appreciation. Although the reports of our study committees are not submitted for approval to the Academy membership nor to the Council, each report is reviewed by a second group of appropriately qualified individuals according tc procedures established and monitored by the Academy's Report Review Committee. Such reviews are intended to determine, inter alias whether the major questions and relevant points of view have been addressed and whether the reported findings, conclusions, and recommendations arose from the available data and information. Distribution of the report is ap- proved, by the President, only after satisfactory comple- tion of this review process. This report was prepared as part of the work under Contract V101(134)P-75 between the Veterans Administration and the National Academy of Sciences, and Contract No. SRS-72-7 be- tween the Social and Rehabilitation Service, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and the National Academy of Sciences. EVALUATION OF SENSORY AIDS FOR THE VISUALLY HANDICAPPED A report on a conference sponsored by the SUBCOMMITTEE ON SENSORY AIDS COMMITTEE ON PROSTHETICS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT of the DIVISION OF ENGINEERING NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL held at the NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON, D.C. November 11-12, 1971 U.S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION 8 WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO DUCE() EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN ATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Washington, D.C. 1972 COMMITTEE ON PROSTHETICS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISION OF ENGINEERING NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL COLIN A. McLAURIN, Sc.D. SIDNEY FISHMAN, Ph.D. Chairman Coordinator, Prosthetics and Orthotics Project Director, Rehabilitation Engineering New York University Post-Graduate Medical School Ontario Crippled Children's Centre VICTOR H. FRANKEL, M.D. FRANK W. CLIPPINGER, JR., M.D. Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Vice-Chairman Case Western Reserve School of Medicine Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University Medical Center RICHARD HERMAN, M.D. Director of Research Krusen Center for Research and Engineering JAMES C. BLISS, Ph.D. Moss Rehabilitation Hospital Manager, Bioinformation Systems Group Stanford Research Institute RICHARD E. HOOVER, M.D. Department of Ophthalmology DUDLEY S. CHILDRESS, Ph.D. The Johns Hopkins University Director, Prosthetic Research Laboratory Northwestern University Medical School LEON M. KRUGER, M.D. Department of Orthopedics MARY DORSCH, C.P.O. Wesson Memorial Hospital PresideLt, )orsch-United Limb and Brace Company JAMES M. MORRIS, M.D. ROBERT E. FANNIN, C.P.O. Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Columbus Orthopaedic Appliance Company University of California Medical Center (San Francisco) SUBCOMMITTEE ON SENSORY AIDS Newman Guttman, Chairman John E. Dowling William B. Marks Richard E. Hoover Patrick W. Nye John Lyman Carroll T. White A. Bennett Wilson, Jr., Executive Director Hector W. Kay, Assistant Executive Director E. E. Harris, Staff Surgeon Maurice A. LeBlanc, Staff Engineer Enid N. Partin, EditoriaZ Associate PREFACE In convening this Conference on Evaluation of Sensory Aids for the Visually Handicapped, the Subcommittee on Sensory Aids confined the scope to mobility and reading aids. It set the following objectives, with emphasis on the first two: Secure presentation describing aids that are near decision points affecting relatively widespread testing and potential distribution * Secure presentation by "advocates" of aids, where a "prime" advocate is the inventor, developer, or sponsor Expose several potential governmental funding agencies to the presentations Encourage a "confrontation" between advocates and the agencies to clarify the nature of the evalua- tive data to be garnered by the one side and weighted by the other The first two of the objectives appear to have been well met, for, as the papers in this report demonstrate, a num- ber of the presentations are by prime advocates of the current- ly most promising aids. The second pair of objectives was but partially achieved for a variety of reasons. The speakers were given the guidelines reproduced in Appendix J, the guidelines emphasize the concrete. The written papers satisfy the guidelines fairly well, and some can serve as fact-laden histories of the development of aids. Strategies of significant evaluation remain to be worked out. Members and friends of the subcommittee have sug- gested, for example, that a permanent laboratory devoted to evaluation be set up, and that formalized evaluative procedures and criteria would be most helpful to funding agencies.As part of the aftermath of the conference, the subcommittee has engaged a statistical consultant, Dr. Innis Sande, who is exam- ining past and current evaluative methods, and who is endeavor- ing to learn from the funding agencies what forms of evaluative data can be most efficiently and powerfully processed. --Newman Guttman ZZZ CCNTENTS THE ROLE OF EVALUATION IN THE PROSTHETICS AND ORTHOTICS PROGRAM Colin A. McLaurin 1 BRAILLE: "A SUCCESS STORY" . Warren Bledsoe 3 EXPERIENCE AND PLANS FOR EVALUATION OF SENSORY AIDS READING MACHINES Evaluation of Certain Reading Aids for the Blind Eugene F. Murphy 37 Experience in Evaluation of the Visotoner Howard Freiberger 47 Optacon Evaluation Considerations . James C. Bliss 51 Plans for the Evaluation of a High- Performance Reading Machine for the Blind . Franklin S. Cooper and Patrick W. Nye 55 A Digital Spelled-Speech Reading Machine for the Blind . M. P. Beddoes, R. G. George, T.R. Fletcher, and C. Y. Suen 65 MOBILITY AIDS The VA-- Bionic Laser Cane for the Blind . Eugene F. Murphy 73 Experience in Evaluation of the Russell "Pathsounder" Howard Freiberger 83 Evaluation of the Ultrasonic Binaural Sensory Aid for the Blind . Leslie Kay 85 Dearing Light-Sensing Typhlocane--Model LST-3 . Eugene F. Murphy and L. M. Dearing 95 Evaluation of Mobility Aids . J. D. Armstrong 101 GENERAL DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 107 APPENDIXES A. Agenda B. List of Participants C. Evaluation of Binaural Sensory Aid for the Blind D. Instruction Manual -- Dearing Light-Sensing Typhlocane-- Model LST-3 E. The Evaluation of the Visotoner F. Personal Reading Appliances for the
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