4388 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 26 Second Lt. John Charles Fremont Tillson Second Lt. Eugene Joseph Sweeney, Quar­ Second Lt. Robert Hodson Rhine, Infantry. 3d, Cavalry. termaster Corps. X Second Lt. Clifford Thomas Riordan. In­ Second Lt. John Burns Hamilton, Field Ar­ Second Lt. Melvin Charles Brown, Infantry; fantry. tillery. Second Lt. Robert William Rulkoetter, Air Second Lt. John Winthrop White, Infantry. Second Lt. John Bennet Herboth, Jr., Air Corps. Second Lt. Gabriel Caldwell Russell, Air Corps. Second Lt. Thomas Lauten McCrary, Cav­ Corps. Second Lt. Richard Franklin Bromiley, Air alry. Second Lt. Edward Henry Lahti, Infantry. Corps. Second Lt. Roberts Sherwood Demitz, Cav­ Second Lt. John Harlan Chambers. In­ Second Lt. Henry Brooks Wilson, Cavalry. alry. fantry. Second Lt. Maurice Raymond Lemon, Air Second Lt. Arthur Sylvester Collins, Jr., Second Lt. Birdsey Lee Learman, Infantry. Corps. Infantry. X Second Lt. Johl} Thomas Corley, Infantry. Second Lt. James Albert Bassett, Infantry. Second Lt. Willard Gregory Walsh, Jr., In­ Second Lt. John Thomas Ewing, Infantry. Second Lt. Lorenzo Dow Adams, Field Artil.:. fantry. Second Lt. James Eugene · Henderson. In­ lery. · Second Lt. William Henry Frederick, Jr., fantry. Second Lt. Virgil Lee Zoller, Air Corps. Air Corps. Second Lt. Frederick Starr Wright, Jr., Second Lt. Robert Carleton McBride, Air Second Lt. Frank Milton Izenour, Infantry. Infantry. . Corps. Second Lt. Vincent Morgan Miles, Jr., Air Second Lt. William Clark Jackson, Jr., In­ Second Lt. Charles Loyd Jackson, Infantry. Corps. fantry. Second Lt. John Charles Damon, Field Artil- Second Lt. Donald Walker Thackeray, Cav- Second Lt. Edward Raymond Skinner, In­ lery. alry. - fantry. Second Lt. Neil David Van Sickle, Air Corps. Second Lt. Joseph Breece Wells, Air Corps. Second Lt. William Conyers Fite 2d, In­ Second Lt. John Cozart Pitchford, Alr Corps. Second Lt. Charles William Walson, Cav- fantry. Second Lt. Harlan Keith Holman, Field alry. . Second Lt. Stephen Radford Batson, Jr., Artillery. Second Lt. James Edward Mrazek, Infantry. Infantry. Second Lt. Elmer Ellsworth Hallinger, Coast Second Lt. Harris Eflward Rogner, Air Corps. Second Lt. Andy· Archer Lipscomb. In­ Artillery Corps. Second Lt. Frank Dickson Miller, Infantry. fantry. Second Lt. Donald Roy Matheson, Infantry. Second Lt. William Henry Jaynes, Infantry. Second Lt. Edward Walter Jacunski, In­ Second Lt. David Wallace Hayes. Field Artil­ X Second Lt. Richard Augustine Broberg, fantry. lery. Field Artillery. Seco:nd Lt. James Kent Schmidt, Infantry. Second Lt. Merton Singer, Quartermaster Second Lt, David Owen Byars, Jr., Infantry. Second Lt. Jce ':f.eese Brabson, Jr., Air Corps. Second Lt. Leland Oscar Krug, Air Corps. Corps. Second Lt. Edwin Lee Clarke, Infantry. Second Lt. Robert Lee Wolverton, Infantry. Second Lt. George Cornell Abert, Infantry. Second Lt. Jefferson Johnson Irvin, Infan­ Second Lt. Joseph Stephen Kujawski, In- Second Lt. Ward Sanford Ryan, Infantry. try. fantry. Second Lt. Edward Stephenson, Infantry. Second Lt. Samuel Llewellyn Barbour, Jr., Second Lt. Thomas Nelson Sibley, Infantry. Second Lt. Robert Howard York, Infantry. Field Artillery. Second Lt. Roy Ray Brischetto, Air Corps. Second Lt. George, Artman, Infantry. Second Lt. George William Rhyne, Infantry. X Second Lt. Mark Francis Brennan, Infantry. Second Lt. Ralph Brown Lister, Air Corps. Second Lt. Philip Charles Feffer, Infantry. Second Lt. Philip Robert Hawes, Air Corps. Second Lt. George Rapp Zohrlaut, Infantry. Second Lt. Robert Chilton Works, Infantry. Second Lt. Gibson Emerson Sisco, Jr., Air Corps. Second Lt. David Gibson Sherrard 2d, In- Szcond Lt. Gordon Madison Clarkson, In- fantry. fantry. Second Lt. Richard Elam Sims, Infantry. Second Lt. Frank Edward Hartman. In­ Second Lt. William Hugh Blanchard, Air Second Lt. Vincent Keator, Infantry. fantry. Corps. Second Lt. Edwin Arthur Machen, Jr., In- Second Lt. William Folwell Neff, Air Corps. Second Lt. Castex Paul Conner, Air Corps. fantry. Second Lt. Samuel Salvatore Campanella, Second Lt. Edward Francis Gillivan, Cav- Second Lt. Ben Sternberg, Infantry. Infantry. alry. · Second Lt. Ralph Allen Jones, Jr., Infantry. Second Lt. Edward Chalgren, Jr., Infantry. Second Lt. Charles Little Haley 3d, Field Second Lt. Frederic Charles Teich, Jr., In- Second Lt. James Horace Isbell, Air Corps. Artillery. fantry. Second Lt. Collin Batson Whitehurst Jr Second Lt. Joseph Gray Duncan 3d, In­ Second Lt. Richard Carl Thomas, Infantry. Infantry. · ' ., fantry. Second Lt. Louis Nathaniel Dash, Infantry. Second Lt. John Boddie Coleman, Air Second Lt. William Albert Johnson, Jr., Second Lt. ~obert John Bruton, Air Corps. Corps. · Infantry. Second Lt. Charles Mathes Young, Air Corps. Second Lt. Wilbur Charles Strand, Cavalry. CONFIRMATIONS Second Lt. Robert Carl Erlenbusch, Cavalry. Second Lt. Charles Joseph Denholm, In- Second Lt. Hubert Emmet Strange, Infan- fantry. Second Lt. Merrick Bayer, Air Corps. Executive nominations confirmed by try: the Senate May 23, 1941: Second Lt. Hugh Douglas Wallace, Air Corps. Second Lt. John Joseph Carusone, C11valry. Second Lt. Robert Davis Offer, Field Artil­ Second Lt. John Thomas English, Infantry. POSTMASTERS lery Second Lt. Arthur Anthony Maloney, In- fantry. ILLINOIS Second Lt. Earle Metzger Shiley, Coast Artil­ lery Corps. Second Lt. Robert Alois Barker, Infantry. A~dre A. Beggin, Apple River. Szcond Lt. Francis Henry Patrick, Field Second Lt. John Alexander Norris, Jr., In­ Daniel W. Waller, Durand. Artillery. fantry. Pearle J. Bergland, Galva. Second Lt. William Adolph Sundlof, Field Second Lt. Littleton James Pardue, Air Bertha E. Sayre, Orion. Artillery. Corps. Second Lt.· James Henry Lynch, Infantry. Second Lt. Franklin Henrie Hartline, In­ Second Lt. Allen Douglas Hulse, Cavalry. - fantry. WITHDRAWAL Second Lt. Clarence Earle Beck, Infantry. Second Lt. Edward George DeHart, Air Executive nomination withdrawn from Second Lt. James Rhea Luper, Air Corps. Corps. Second Lt. William Patrick Wansboro, In- Second Lt. Arthur Maxwell Murray, In­ the Senate May 23, 1941: fantry. fantry. WORK PROJECTS . ADMINISTRATOR Second Lt. Carter Eugene Duncan, Air Second Lt. John Eliason Boyt, Infantry. Second Lt. Henry Sylvanus McDonald, Jr., Frank Upman, Jr., of Virginia, to be Work Corps. · Projects Administrator for Connecticut, ef­ · Second Lt. Rudolph Laskowsky, Field Artil­ Infantry. Second Lt. Vincent Wallace Siren, Infantry. fective as of February 1, 1941, which was lery. sent to the Senate March 5, 1941. Second Lt. Rollin Benedict Durbin, Infan­ Second Lt. Robert Belden Kuhn, Infantry. try. Second Lt. Robert Leaning Ashworth, In- Second Lt. Fred Murray Dean, Air Corps. fantry. Second Lt. Alexander Bruce Pendleton, Air Second Lt. Walter Nicholas Guletsky, In­ Corps. fantry. SENATE Second Lt. Joseph Benedict Missal, Jr., In­ Second Lt. Victor Charles Warren, Signal fantry. Corps. MoNDAY, MAY 26, 1941 Second Lt. James Terry Craig, Infantry. Second Lt. Myrl Fay Smith, Infantry. Second Lt. Arthur Fulbrook Gorham, In­ X Second Lt. Wallace Stafford Ford, Air Corps. The Chaplain, Rev. Z~Barney T. Phil­ fantry. Second Lt. Coral Max Talbott, Infantry. lips, D. D .. offered the following prayer: Second Lt. Warren Rand Williams, Jr., In­ Second Lt. Edgar Hayden Dale, Infantry. fantry. Second Lt. Joseph.Claude Reddoch, Jr., Air Al.mighty God and Heavenly Father, Second Lt. John Milton Finn, Infantry. Corps. infinite source of all that is and is to be, Second Lt. Harvey Lloyd Brown, Jr., Quar­ Second Lt. Warren Thomas Hannum, Jr., who alone art just and merciful, upon termaster Corps. Infantry. whose will we may ever rest in childlike 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4389 trust, for Thou dost ever move towards Brooks Hatch Radcliffe EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS Brown Hayden Reynolds Thy great purposes unthwarted by the Bulow Herring Rosier The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the evil everywhere: Grant that, in this world Bunker HUl Russell Senate the following letter, which was of sinning, suffering men, we may never Burton Holman Schwartz Byrd Hughes Shipstead referred as indicated: be drawn aside from the path of rectitude Byrnes Johnson, Cal1f. Smith EMPLOYMENT, WAGES, ETC., OF REDCAPS by unholy desires or the pride of life. Capper Johnson, Colo. Stewart Help us as never before to realize that Caraway Kilgore Taft A letter from the Administrator of the the fight that each man has is with him­ Chavez La Follette Thomas, Idaho Wage and Hour Division, Depart ment of Clark, Idaho Lee Thomas, Okla. Labor, acknowledging receipt of Senat e Reso­ self, the fight for mastery over the con­ Clark. Mo. Lucas Thomas, Utah lution 105, to investigate the employment, tending forces of the kingdom that is Connally McCarran Truman Danaher McFarland Tydings wages, and working conditions of redcaps within, where one must never merely be Davis McNary Vandenberg by railroad and terminal companies (agreed content with being free to do the wrong, Ellender Maloney VanNuys to May 15, 1941) and stating that the inves­ but where faith is in holy freedom which George Mead Wallgren tigation is being undertaken immediately Gillette Murdock Wheeler and a report will be made to the Senate at makes us true and righteous altogether. Murray White As we behold men bound when they Glass the conclusion of the investigation; to the Green Norris . Wiley Committee on Education and Labor. should conquer, slaves when they should Guffey O'Mahoney WUlis be free, grant that none of us shall be Gurney Overton PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS driven at the mercy of events, but, as sons Mr. HILL. I announce that the Sena­ Petitions, etc., were laid before the of God, may lead our lives according to tor from Kentucky fMr. BARKLEY], the Senate by the Vice President, or pre­ the freedom wherewith Christ has made Senator from Mississippi [Mr. HARRISON], sented by Senators, and referred as indi­ us free. In His own dear name we ask it. the Senator from Tennessee [Mr. Mc­ cated: Amen. KELLAR], and the Senator from New York By the VICE PRESIDENT: THE JOURNAL [Mr. WAGNER] are absent from the Sen­ A resolution of the Senate of the State of ate because of illness. Massachusetts, protesting against the enact­ On request of Mr. BYRNES, and by ment of proposed legislation curtailing the unanimous consent, the reading of the The Senator from Mississippi [Mr. BILBO], the Senator from Kentucky [Mr. domestic-cane-sugar refining industry; to the Journal of the proceedings of Friday, Committee on Finance. (See resolution May 23, 1941, was dispensed with, and CHANDLER], the Senator from California printed in full when presented by Mr. LoDGE the Journal was approved. [Mr. DowNEY], the Senator from Dela­ on the 23d instant, pp. 4458-4459, CoNGRES­ ware [Mr. TUNNELL], the Senator from SIONAL RECORD.) DEATH OF FORMER REPRESENTATIVE Florida [Mr. PEPPER], the Senator from A resolution of the Senate of the State of CLAUDn V. PARSONS Arkansas [Mr. SPENCER], and the Senator Texas; to the Committee on Foreign Rela­ Mr. LUCAS. Mr. President, Friday from Massachusetts [Mr. WALSH] are de­ tions. night7last the Honorable Claude V. Par­ tained on important public business. "Senate Resolution 143 sons, First Assistant Administrator of The Senator from New Jersey [Mr. "Whereas it appears from present reports the United States Housing Authority, that a serious effort is now being made to in­ SMATHERS] is necessarily absent. duce the Congress of the United States to passed away at the Continenta· Hotel in Mr. McNARY. The Senator from Ver­ take the necessary steps toward completion this city. Mr. Parsons was a former mont [Mr. AusTIN] and the Senator from of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence seaway and Member of Congress, having served 10 North Dakota [Mr. LANGER] are absent power treaty; and years, and having been defeated last due to the serious iHness of their mothers. "Whereas the Senate of the State of Texas, November. He had many friends in the The Senator from North Dakota [Mr. although actuated by every desire to cooper­ Senate who had served with him in the NYE], the Senator from Kansas [Mr. ate with the Government in its plans for our national defense, firmly believes that House of Representatives. A short fu­ REED]~ the Ser1ator from Nebraska [Mr. such a development would not be in the neral service will be held at Lee's Funeral BUTLER], and the Senator from Massa­ public interest in any manner; but would Home, located at Fourth and Massachu­ chusetts [Mr. LODGE] are necessarily ab­ be hostile to the best interests of the State setts Avenue NE., at 4 o'clock this after­ sent. of Texas and of the United States, as it noon, before his body is shipped back to The VICE PRESIDENT. Seventy-four would disrupt and demoralize the transpor­ Illinois. The Members of the Senate are Senators have answered to their names. tation systems of the United States, laud and invited to attend the services. A quorum is present. water, and would disastrously affect the eco­ nomic welfare of the country, and would par­ MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT­ MEETING OF NATIONAL DIRECTORS OF ticularly work a hardship on the Texas ports, APPROVAL OF BILL AND JOINT RESO­ METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES (H. DOC. and would cause irreparable injury to a large LUTION NO. 224) percentage of the public interests and labor of this State and Nation: Now, therefore, Messages in writing from the President The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the be it of the United States were communicated Senate the following message from the "Resolved by the Senate of the State of to the Senate by Mr. Latta, one of his President of the United States, which Texas, That it go on record as being strongly secretaries, who also announced that the was read, and wj.th the accompanying opposed to this project; and be it further President had approved and signed the papers, referred to the Committee on "Resolved, That the Congress of the United following act and joint resolution: Foreign Relations: States, and particularly the Senators and Representatives elected from the State of On May 22, 1941: Texas, be memorialized and requested to S. 916. An act authorizing the Secretary To the Congress of the United States of use their utmost influence in opposition to of War to grant a revocable license to Guy A. America: said project; and be 1t further Thompson, trustee, Missouri Pacific Railroad I commend to the favorable consider­ "Resolved, That a copy of this resolution Co., and successors in interest, to maintain ation of the Congress the enclosed report be immediately transmitted to the Secretary certain railroad trackage and station facili­ from the Secretary of State to the end of the United States Senate, Col. Edwin A. ties on Jefferson Barracks Military Reserva­ that legislation may be enacted author­ Halsey; the Speaker of the House of Repre­ tion. sentatives, Hon. Sam Rayburn; and to each On May 26, 1941 : izing the President of the United States Senator and Representative elected from the S. J. Res. 60. Joint resolution relating to to invite the governments of the coun­ State of Texas." corn- and wheat-marketing quotas under tries of the Western Hemisphere to par­ the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, as ticipate in a meeting of the national Papers i:r. the naturf: of pet itions from amended. several citizens of Merced, Calif., praying that directors of the meteorological services the United States keep out of foreign war: CALL OF THE ROLL of those countries, to be held in the to the Committee on Foreign Relations. Mr. HILL. I suggest the absence of a United States as soon as practicable, in A resolution of the recent convention of quorum. 1941 or 1942; to invite regional commis­ the Massachusetts Retail Grocers and Pro.. sions III and · IV of the International vision Dealers' Association, favoring a thor.. The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk will ough investigation, conducted without fear call the roll. Meteorological Organization to meet concurrently therewith; and to authorize or favor, of the food industry by the Anti- . The Chief Clerk called the roll, and the trust Division of the Department of Justice: following Senators answered to their an appropriation of $14,500 for the ex­ to the Committee on the Judiciary. penses of organizing and holding iUCh A resolution of the Methodist Federation names: meetings. Adams Batley Barbour for Social Service, Rock River Conference Aiken Ball Bone FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. Branch, Chicago, Til., favoring amendment of Andrews Bankhead Brewster THE WHITE HOUSE, May 26, 1941. title I of the Social Security Act so as to 4390 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 26 make a minimum of $30 per month available, product at a fair profit for their work; and be ity of such persons to pay for such serv­ as a matter of right, to every retired citizen it furtner ·ices." · 60 years of age or older who is not drawing "Resolved, That the Senators and Congress­ annuity in that amount under any other men from California in the Congress· of the This resolution is for the accommoda­ Federal law; to the Committee on Finance. United States be, and they are hereby, urged tion of persons drawing small salaries A resolution of the Council of Bishops of to support the action by this resolution; and who are not able at present' to return the Methodist Church, in session at Nashville, be it further to their homes on emergency calls. Tenn., favoring the prompt enactment of the "Resolved, That copies of this resolution be The resolution was referred to the bill (S. 860) to provide for the common de­ sent by the chief clerk of the assembly to the Committee on Interstate Commerce and fense in relation to the sale of alcoholic President of the United States, the Vice ordeted to be printed in the RECORD, liquors to the members of the land and naval President of the United States, the Speaker forces of th':l United States and to provide for of the House of Representatives, the Sena­ under the rule, as follows: the suppression of vice in the vicinity of tors and Congressmen from California in the "House Fesolution 48 military camps and naval establishments; to Congress of the United States, and to the "Whereas in pursuance of the national­ the table. Secretary of Agriculture of the United States." defense program and the Selective Service By Mr. CAPPER: By Mr. LA FOLLETTE: and Training Act of 1940, hundreds of thou­ A memorial of E"undry citizens of the State A joint resolution of the Legislature of the sands of persons have been inducted into of Kansas, remonstrating against the enact­ State of Wisconsin; to the Committee on the military and naval service of the United ment of the t.:n (S. 983) to amend the act to Finance: States; and regulate barbers in the District of Columbia, "Senate Joint Resolution 37 "Whereas such persons have been assigned and for other purposes; to the Committee on to training bases located considerable dis­ the District oi Columbia. "Joint resolution memorializing Congress to tances from their respective homes and the A petition of sundry citizens of Hillsboro, defeat legislation designed to repeal the tax pay allowed to such persons is insufficient Kans., praying for the enactment of the bill on retail outlets handling oleomargarine to permit such persons to utilize common­ (S. 860) to provide for the common defense "Whereas two bills, known as H. R. 3753 carrier services of ar... y nature on furloughs in relation to the sale of alcoholic liquors to and H. R . 3754, designed to repeal the Fed­ and vacations granted them; and .the men. bers of the land and naval forces eral t ax of $6 per annum on .retail dealers "Whereas as a result of this condition, of the United States and to provide for the handling oleomargarine, have been intro­ thousands of such persons desirous of re­ suppression of vice in the vicinity of mili­ duced and are now pending in the Congress .turning to their homes during such fur­ tary camps and naval establishments; to the of the United States; and .loughs or vacations are unable to do so; table. "Whereas in 1940, when said tax was in and By Mr. TYDINGS: effect, approximately only 162,720 retail es­ "Whereas in order to remedy this unfor­ Memorials, numerously signed, of sundry tablishments out of a possible 600,000 in the tunate situation, laws should be enacted citizens of the State of Maryland, remon­ Nation were licensed to deal in oleomarga­ which would permit or require common strating against the enactment of the bill rine; and carriers of passengerr to charge such per­ (S. 983) to amend the act to regulate bar­ "Whereas, with the tax removed and every sons special excursion and round-trip rates bers in the District of Columbia, and for retail outlet free to handle oleomargarine on a scale commensurate with the ability of other purposes; tf' the Committee on the without payment of any Federal license fee, .such persons to pay for such services: There­ Dist rict of Columbia. it is probable that under the provisions of fore be it Petitions of sundry citizens of the District the proposed legislation outlets for sales of "Resolved, by the House of Representa­ of Columbia and the State of Maryland, pray­ oleomargarine would increase about 73 per­ tives of the Sixty-second General Assembly ing for the enactment of the bill (S. 860) to cent and that the sale thereof would in­ of the State of Illinois, That we respectfully provide for the common defense in relation crease tremendously, with a corresponding .importune the present Congress of the .to the sale of alcoholic liquors to the mem­ decrease in the sale -f butter; and United States to enact such laws, or amend­ bers of the land and naval forces of the "Whereas these bills are of extreme im­ ments to existing laws, as will accomplish United Stat~s and to provide for the suppres­ portance to the dairy industry, and it is the the objectives stated in the preamble sion of vice in the vicinity of military camps sense of this legislature that the dairy in­ hereto; and be it further and naval establishments; to the table. dustry ,of this and of other States of the "Resolved, Tha:t suitably engrossed copies A resolution of the executive committee of union should continue to be protected by a of this preamble and resolution be forwarded the Maryland Pharmaceutical Association and tax on retail outlets handling oleomargarine, immediately by the secretary of state to .the Baltimore (Md.) Retail Druggists' Asso­ a cheaper and inferior product in competi­ each Member of the House of Representa• ciation, favoring the enactment of House bill tion with creamery butter: Now, therefore, be tives and Senate of the present Congress .3383, to amend sectlon 2800, chapter 26, of it from the State of Illinois. the Internal Revenue· Code of 1939 to reduce "Resolved by the Senate (the assembly con­ "Adopted by the House, May 15, 1941." .the tax on nonbeverage ethyl alcohol used curring). That this legislature respectfully exclusively in the manufacture of medicinal memorializes the Congress of the United REPORT OF A COMMITTEE preparations, flavoring extracts, flavors, and States to defeat bills H. R . 3753 and H. R. The following report of the Committee for other nonbeverage purposes, and protest­ 3754, now pending before it, and urges the on the Judic:iary was submitted: ing against any increase in the tax on non­ Wisconsin Members of Congress to do all in beverage alcohol; to the Committee on their power to bring about such defeat; and By Mr. KILGORE: Finance. be it further S. 1050. A bill relating to the status of By Mr. JOHNSON of California: "Resolved, That properly atte~ted copies of retired judges; with an amendment (Rept. A joint resolution of the Legislature of this resolution be sent to each House of the No. 364). ·the State of California; to .. he Committee on Congress of the United States and to each ENROLLED . BILLS AND JOINT RESOLU· Agriculture and Forestry : Wisconsin Members th'ereof." TION PRESENTED "Assembly Joint ~solution_ 41 (The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Mrs. CARAWAY, from the Committee "Relative to memorializing Congress to inves­ Senate a resolution identical with the fore­ going, which was referred tc the Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported that on May tigate the feasibility .Jf growing of guayule to rubber in California, 1.nd, if found feasible, .on Finance.) 24, 1941, that committee ' presented to subsidize the same the PresideJ,t of the United States the RESOLUTION OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTA­ 'following e:..1rolled bills and joint resolu­ "Whereas guayule rubber, now grown in TIVES OF ILLINOIS Mexico and adjacent Texas, is a substitute tion: fo: natural rubber, vitally needed in the na­ Mr. BROOKS. Mr. President, I pre­ S. 15. An act to provide for the completion tional-defense program, is a good soil recon­ sent House Resolution 48, adopted by 1md delivery of the Boca Dam, in the Little ditioner, and prevents erosion; and the House of Representatives of the Truckee River, in accordance with the con­ . "Whereas the demand -for guayule rubber sixty-second session, Illinois General As­ tract between the United States and the created by the natioP..-::.1-defense program sembly, and I request that it be in­ Washoe County Water Conservation District; would make its production profitable, and S. 994. An act to appropriate the proceeds consequent!) farmers could grow it in prefer­ cluded in ooday's RECORD and appropri­ of sales or other disposition of strategic and ·ence to other nonprofltPhle CTOpd, thereby ately referred. critical materials acquired under the act of . allowing a means for the rehabilitation of the This resolution refers to the assign­ June 7, 1939 (53 Stat. 811) , in order to pre­ .small farmer: Now, therefore, be it ment of persons under the Selective vent depletion of the stocks of such materials • Resolved by the Assembly and Senate of Service and Training Act of 1940 to available for national-defense purposes: .the State of California, 1ointly, That the Con­ camps away froz;n their home territory S. 1089. An act to extend the time limit for gress of the United States be memorialized to cooperation between the Bureau of Reclama­ authorize an investigation of the feasibility of and urges the passage of an act "which tion and the Farm Security Ariministration growing guayule rubber in California, and if _ wo~ld permi~ or require common carriers in the deve!npment of· farm units on public s•1ch investigation discloses that it is feasible, · of passengers to charge such persons lands under Federal reclamation projects; ·that Congress. provid~ a ::;ubsidy to the farm- special excursion and round-trip rates S. 1296. An act to amend an act entitled ers of California to enable them to grow the on a scale commensurate with the abil- l "An act a·uthorizing annual appropriations 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 439l for the maintenance of that portion of Gal­ other purposes, which was referred to the in prosperity and purchasing power has been lup-Durango Highway across the Navajo In­ Committee on Commerce and ordered to reflected on the books of merchants and other dian Reservation, and providing reimburse­ be printed. businessmen of the State. ment therefor"; and We were pleased to find that borrowers in S. J . Res. 76 . Joint resolution extending the SALE OF ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS AND PRO­ your State are rapidly repaying their rehabil­ application of section 6 of the· act entitled HIBITION OF VICE NEAR MILITARY AND itation loans. Already $3,822,106 has been. "An act to expedite the strengthening of the NAVAL ESTABLISHMENTS-MOTION TO. repaid on loans totaling $10,211,641, although national deiense," approved July 2, 1940 (54 RECONSIDER AN AMENDMENT much of the money does not fall due for 4 Stat. 714), to all Territories, dependencies, or 5 years. Throughout the entire country, and possessions of the United States, includ­ Mr. LA FOLLETTE. Mr. President, I rehabilitation loans totaling $420,865,050 haLouisiana's people like to have any further facts about our withstanding this custom, I shall ask the and executed orders from Huey in plain sight program, I shall, of course, be glad to supply indulgence of the Senate while I depart of all present. He was a guilty party to every them. Some time during the year I hope from its traditions by making some ob­ legislative and political atrocity of the cor­ that you may find an opportunity to visit servations in respect to a certain column­ rupt Long dictatorship, and he and OVERTON some of the borrowers from F . S. A. in your ist who has recently made some com­ were guilty of a grave offense against the State and see for yourself the efforts they are ments not too flattering in respect to character of the Federal courts in causing making to get a new start as independent, myself and others specifically, and in re­ the appointment of Gaston Porterie, who had taxpaying citizens. been Long's attorney general, to a seat in Sincerely, spect to all the Members of the Senate the district court in Louisiana. C. B. BALDWIN, coUectively. . This writer was recently Many of Huey's subordinate thieves and Administrator. awarded one of the Pulitzer prizes; and, conspirators against the State and Nation after all, he is, perhaps, entitled to the have been sent or sentenced to prison, but ADDRESS BY SENATOR GUFFEY ON the two Senators, OvERTON and ELLENDER, CONVOYS fleeting notice of the Senate. On last Saturday, May 24, there ap­ and Judge Porterie, who all ran with Huey as rMr. TRUMAN asked and obtained leave to peared in a daily newspaper an article Goebbels, Goering, and St reicher ran with have printed in the RECORD a radio address on Hitler, continue to hold important office the subject of convoys, delivered by Senator written by Westbrook Pegler under the under the National Government. GuFFEY on May 24, 1941, which appears in long-used and long-abUJed caption of OvERTON still could be thrown out of the the Appendix.] "Fair enough." I quote an excerpt from Senate on the basis of the evidence obtained TRIBUTE TO SENATOR BANKHEAD BY the article, as follows: and the report made by the committee which BIRMINGHAM NEWS So, obviously, the people of the United investigated h is election. ELLENDER's election was not investigated, so probably there is (Mr. HILL asked and obtained leave to States are stuck with President Roosevelt, and with the Congress which also was elected nothing that could be done to eliminate him, have printed in the RECORD an editorial from even if the Senate had the will and conscience the Birmingham (Ala.) News of May 20, 1941, by popular vote in the manner prescribed by law, except one Louisiana Senator, who was to do so. As to Porterie's legal right to a place entitled ''John Bankhead's Leadership," on the bench, there is probably no question, which appears in the Appendix.] elected by fraud but was accepted by the Senate, nevertheless. but his elevation was a shocking example of ADDRESS BY HON. JAMES A. FARLEY TO the abuse of senatorial courtesy. ST. GEORGE ASSOCIATION, NEW YORK The excerpt just read relates to an­ In his case two active members of a ma­ POST OFFICE other article previously published by the chine so vicious that Senator CONNALLY, of same writer to which my attention has Texas, the chairman of the Investigating [Mr. MEAD asked and obtained leave to Committ ee, said . experts in machine politics have printed in the RECORD an address by been called, and which probably appeared elsewhere could take lessons in Louisiana, Hon. James A. Farley entitled "Faith-the in many of the three-hundred-odd news­ were allowed to place on the Federal bench a Cornerstone of the Republic." at the third papers that give publicity to the Pegler third member of the band no better than annual communion of the St. George Asso­ productions. I send to the desk the last­ themselves. ciation of the New York Post Office, at the mentioned article and ask unanimous Incidentally, although Senator .CONNALLY's Hotel Astor, New York City, on May 25, 1941, words were bold in that report and in his which appears in the Appendix.] consent that the clerk may read it to the Senate. oral comments on the floor, he did not act on ADDRESS BY JOSEPH P. KENNEDY AT his discoveries or his principles. He ducked OGLETHORPE UNIVERSITY, ATLANTA, The VICE PRESIDENT. Without cb­ the wrath of Huey Long by presenting the GA. jection, the article will be read. facts and saying, "they are here, and if any­ [Mr. WHEELER asked and obtained leave The Chief Clerk read the article, as body wants to file a resolution to oust any to have printed in the RECORD an address by follows: Senator those facts are available for that action." Joseph P. Kennedy at the commencement FAIR ENOUGH exercises of Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, There has been too much sentimentalism Ga., on May 24, 1941, which appears in the (By Westbrook Pegler) about Huey, and too many public men and Appendix.l writ ers have condoned his brutal conquest It is futile, of course, to propose that the ·of a State on the ground that he was clever ADDRESS BY WILLIAM H. RICHARDSON statue of Huey Long, recently unveiled in the and, when it pleased him, a wag. That only ON PUBLIC HEALTH AND NATIONAL Capitol in Washington, be hurled down and nade him the more dangerous. DEFENSE smashed in solemn public ceremonies, as it The statue of this dictator will threaten should be. But every conscientious citizen the liberties of all the American people as (Mr. BAILEY asked· and obtained leave to who recalls the facts of Huey's evil career will have printed in the RECORD a radio address on long as it is allowed to stand, for it is proof regret that the Senate lacked the character that the Senate was not on guard over those . the subject of public health and national de­ and citizenship to prevent the dedication of fense, delivered by William H. Richardson at liberties and was afraid to fight their enemy this insult to the people of the United States when Huey was alive, and to this day prefers Raleigh, N. C., on February 19, 1940, which and to the Senate in particular. A small dele­ appears in the Appendix.] the easier way of dealing with his memory. gation of Senators attended the rites, includ­ He stands in marble sneering at a body which EDITORIAL FROM SIOUX CITY TRIBUNE ing the two present Members from Louisiana, flinched before a dictator. ON· EUROPEAN WAR one of whom obtained his seat by fraud, the . other as dangerous a foe to all the rights of Mr. OVERTON. Mr. President, there (Mr. WHEELER asked and obtained leave . Americans as Adolf Hitler himself. JOHN ' are various kinds of prevaricators. to have printed in the RECORD an editorial H. OVERTON was elected by Huey's crooked from the Sioux City Tribune of May 21, 1941, There are the innocent, the malicious, machine by a process which a Senate com­ the inadvertent, the deliberate, the oc­ which appears in the Appendix.] mittee denounced as fraud and a vicious and abhorrent political practice. He would have casional, the habitual, the half-truth NO ECONOMIC THREAT-EDITORIAL FROM falsifiers, and the unadulterated whole­ COLORADO SPRINGS GAZETTE been thrown out if the Senate at that time had not lived in fear of the dictator. Al­ sale fabricators. The article read in full (Mr. JOHNSON of Colorado asked and ob­ though fraud was found, no Senator had the from the desk reveals Westbrook Pegler tained leave to have printed in the RECORD courage to follow up the report with an in­ as the disgusting incarnation of all an editorial from the Colorado Springs Ga­ sistent demand for OVERTON's removal, and he classes of prevaricators except the inno­ zette of May 19, written by Robert H. Ward­ remained to mock by his very presence not well, which appears in the Appendix.] cent. The making of awards, Mr. Presi­ merely the dignity of the Senate but the dent, to Westbrook Pegler should not BROOKLYN POSTAL EMPLOYEES' CREDIT security of the people. end; he is still to be knighted as the mas­ UNION The other Louisiana Senator who attended the political obscenities that recent day when ter of mendacity. [Mr. MEAD asked and obtained leave to Huey Long in stone was set up to leer at the Pegler has been Pulitzerized. It is have printed in the RECORD a table showing body which quailed before him was ALLEN the progress record of the Brooklyn Postal worthy of observation that Pulitzer in his J. ELLENDER. Senator ELLENDER is as guilty early years suffered the hardships of ill­ Employees' Credit Union of Brooklyn, N. Y., as Huey was of every offense by Huey against which appears in the Appendix.] compensated toil, felt the pangs of want the liberties of the citizen and the security and hunger, knew the needs and long­ QUESTION· OF PERSONAL PRIVILEGE of the American form of government. He was equally guilty, and the only difference ings of impoverished labor for a better Mr. OVERTON. Mr. President, I de­ between him and Huey was that ELLENDER ' life. Is .it not a mockery that a Pulitzer sire unanimous consent to address the , lacked Huey's initiative in perfidy and ruth- ' .award should be given to one whose syn- Senate on a matter of personal privilege. lessness. dicated columns, I am informed, have 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4393' been frequently of late devoted to under­ democracy and by virtue of an uncon­ Neither does Pegler refer to the reso­ taking to blast the hopes and aspirations tested general election in which I had an lution submitted by the Committee on of organized labor? I said advisedly opponent, but no opposition in fact. And Privileges and Elections and unanimously that "I am informed." because I long this absence of opposition to my candi­ agreed to by the Senate discharging the ago ceased to read Westbrook Pegler; dacy in 1938 is, and was by the good committee from any further considera­ nausea, to say the least, is a disagreeable people of Louisiana intended to be, the tion of the subject matter of my nomina­ sensation. complete and final answer to the sugges­ tion and election. Pegler has been Pulitzerized; but, alas, tion that I was on March 4, 1933, or at Mr. President, for more than 8 years Mr. President, the process of Pulitzeri­ any .other time or now, unworthy of a I have had the honor of being a Member zation has served only to add to Pegler's seat in the United States Senate. Pulit­ of the United States Senate. My record, chronic putrefaction. Not only are Sen­ zer Pegler did not and would not say any course of conduct, and character are ator ELLENDER, Judge Porterie, and I as­ of these things. Nor would he point out known to my colleagues. I neither ask sailed in the quoted libel, the malice of that my renomination and reelection in nor require any further vindication at which is exceeded only by its deliberate 1938 occurred 3 full years after the death their hands. But this I can truthfully falsity, but Pulitzer Pegler brings within of Huey Long, to whose alleged dictator­ say: That the only discreditable act that the orbit of his grandiose hallucinations ship Pegler ascribes my first nomination I have committed in those 8 years is the the whole body of the United States Sen­ and election in 1932. embalming of the name of Westbrook ate. The article portrays all who have None who understand and justly ap­ Pegler and of one of his infamous libels been Members of the Senate from 1932 praise the man Pegler are surprised that in the records of our National Congress. down to this very hour as a continuing he failed to note the following facts, Mr. McNARY. Mr. President, the able body of men who are "lacking in char­ which the records of the investigation of Senator from Louisiana needs no testi­ acter and citizenship," who have lived my election in 1932 unmistakably show: monial from me. However, I desire- to "in constant fear of a supposed dictator.'~ That out of approximately 306,000 votes appear as a witness to his exemplary while alive CJ,nd even in death, a flinching cast in the nominating primary of 1932, character and to the high standing he Senate devoid of courage; in short, a I received a majority of 56,529 over my occupies in this body. cowering assembly of poltroons. And opponent; that my opponent admitted I think we are all too busy in the day's Senator CoNNALLY, for whose courage that I had been nominated, and contested work to follow the writings of very many and patriotism we all have the highest neither the nomination nor the election; commentators. Indeed, I am not famil-· admiration, upon whom Pegler relies as that while, under a long-e~tablished cus­ iar with the article which was just read. my sole senatorial critic, is unceremoni~ tom in LoUisiana elections, dummy can­ It is news to me. But I know, Mr. Presi-. ously dismissed from further considera­ didates were used on both sides, the Con­ dent, from observation during a number tion as a ducking Tom, "ducking from nally investigating committee exonerated of years in the Senate, and particularly the wrath of Huey Long.'' both my opponent and myself from par­ as a member of the Commerce Commit­ While in part it may be true, it is, ticipating in the use of the dummy can­ tee of the Senate, serving with the senior perhaps, too charitable to make the ob­ didate device; that the Connally investi­ Senator from Louisiana [Mr. OVERTON], servation that Pulitzer Pegler's effusions gating committee declared in its report that no one has been more jealous of the are to be attributed chiefly to a gan­ that there was neither charge nor proof rights of the Senators with whom he has grened liver and a diseased brain. It that Senator OVERTON had participated served, or has been mar~ national in his must be remembered, Mr. Pre&i.dent, that in or instigated any fraud in the election; viewpoint and less provincial. libel is Pulitzer Pegler's stock in trade. and, furthermore, the records of the 3 It is a pleasure to me to pay this simple­ Without the spice of slander. his wares investigations show that the validity of and brief tribute to the man with whom would find no market. He is the garbage less than 500 votes was challenged, and I have served, whom I respect, and who man of the columnists. His appetite of these only 2 were shown .to have been has the respect of all his colleagues on grows with the filth upon which it feeds lllegally cast, without any proof of both sides oJ; the aisle. until, no longEr appeased by the libel of whether the ballots were. for me or for Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I the living, the garbage peddler. turris my opponent. should feel remiss if I did not say a word jackal and digs into the grave. He is Common decency should suggest to regarding this matter, and particularly America's outstanding representative of Pegler that be might make some com­ regarding the senior Senator from the perverts whom Edgar Allan Poe once ment on the statement made by Senator Louisiana [Mr. OVERTON]. After Sena.. : described: Logan, a member of the investigating tor OvERTON's election certain citizens ?hey are neither man nor woman, committee, toward· the conclusion of the of the State of Louisiana filed with the They are neither brute nor human, hearings, as follows: Committee on Privileges and Elections a They are Ghouls- long petition, containing charges full of I have listened carefully and have never lurid generalities, particularly against Ghouls, ghouls. heard one man or woman say a word against the late Senator Long. Nowhere in the Concerning my own tenure of office in the character, standing, or fitness of Senator OVERTON to sit in the United States Senate. petition, if it were reexamined today, this august body and the results of the Not a man has said it, not even Senator could there be found any direct charge investigation of the primary election of Broussard (OvERTON's opponent) or anyone of fraud,. or participation in, or initia­ 1932, in which I was first nominated as else. tion of fraud, or alleged fraud, by the a candidate for· the United States Senate, senior Senator from Louisiana [Mr. Westbrook Pegler, master of mendacity, With the deliberate intention of falsi­ OVERTON]. runs the whole gamut of falsification and fying through concealment, putrid Pegler, Based upon the general charges, all shows in its full bloom the reputation M. M., fails to. comment on the subsequent leveled at the then Senator Huey P. for deceit and distortion which through investigations of the 1932 election by the Long, there was the broad generalization · years of indulgence he has so deservedly Committee on Privileges and Elections, made that Senator OVERTON had been bUilt for himself. and the unanimous report of this com­ the beneficiary of a corrupt political ma­ It would be going too far, Mr. Presi­ mittee, submitted through its chairman, chine in the state of Louisian~- . dent, to suggest that the master of men..: the senior Senator from Georgia [Mr. The committee made a careful investi­ dacity might very properly have alluded GEORGE], wherein the following conclu­ gation into all the allegations contained to the fact that in September 1938 I was sion was reached and the following in that petition. An extraordinary again nominated, and without opposi­ recommendation was made: course was taken. A large number of tion, as a candidate for the United States With the three bearingq, that have been witnesses furnished ~Y the complaining Senate by the Democrats of Louisiana, held by the special committee and the report citizens were brought up from Louisiana and that in the 1938 general election fol­ thereon, the study and report made by the in person, and examined by the com­ Committee on the Judiciary, and the several lowing my nomination I received 151,582 hearings conducted by this committee, the mittee, of which at that time I had the votes against only 250 votes cast for an Committee on Privileges and Elections is of honor to serve as chairman. By not a opponent running as an independent the opinion that nothing has been presented single word of testimony was there any candidate. I therefore hold my present in justifying it in proceeding further, and charge of fraud, or participation in fraud, tenure of office as the uncontested and it so reports to the Senate a conclusion of by .Senator OVERTON, but again the wit­ the unopposed nominee of Louisiana's its proceedings in this matter. nesses indulged in general statements ~394 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 26 with respect to the alleged corrupt prac­ who probably do not contribute much own experience with democratic institu­ tices of Senator Huey P. Long, and again in a hearing so far as the vital question tions in England and America, taught it was reiterated that Senator OVERTON is concerned. I think it would be found men in public life seldom to answer the was simply the beneficiary of the Long that even if the committee had elimi.:. things said about them. machine in the State of Louisiana. After nated every ballot which was consid­ The point that should be kept in mind V€rY careful investigation the committee ered doubtful or improperly cast, the above all other points when occasions concluded, without a dissenting vote, senior Senator from Louisiana [Mr. of this kind arise is that Thomas Jef­ that nothing had been produced affect­ OVERTON] would have won the election ferson, who understood our own democ­ ing the election or affecting the high anyway. Probably the committee could racy quite as well as any one else who character and fitness of Senator OVERTON have acted in no other way, even though ever lived, realized that the American to a seat in the Senate. The committee it found itself called upon to condemn, democracy would last and be preserved so reported, and, as the Senator himself and did condemn, some of the practices because of the ability of persons to write has said, that report was unanimously which were followed in that · primary about the officers of government. adopted. election. Thomas Jefferson made the point that During-these years I have had occa­ . Since that time I have known inti­ the press, together -with public educa­ sion to know Senator OVERTON inti­ rr.. ately not only Senator OVERTON but tion, would always keep our country free mately, as I have known his colleague, also Senator ELLENDER. The State of and democratic. Senator ELLENDER, and I have found Louisiana can be proud of its representa­ A tremendous responsibility rests upon Senator OVERTON to be a man of the tives in the United States Senate. Sen­ the educators of our country; and gov­ highest sense of honor.· I know of no tor ELLENDER acted as counsel for Sen­ ernment sees to it that qnly those shall more honorable man now sitting in the ator OvERTON during the hearings over teach who are competent to teach. Senate, or who has within my experi­ which I presided. Never once, even in There is also a tremendous responsibility ence as a Member of the Senate occu­ the heat of argument, did Senator EL­ resting upon the press of the country, pied a seat in this body. He has the LENDER show himself to be anything but but there is no agency-not even public . esteem and the confidence of his fellow a gentleman and ar.. advocate for justice opinion-to interpose and see that the Senators in a high and rare degree. He and right as he saw them. press remains competent in its judgment. has gone about his work here diligently In those hearings it became my task I am wondering if a person who writes ~nci unobtrusively. Never on this floor to rebuke counsel on both sides, and to so loosely as to say that the statue of or in any of the committee -rooms, or in rebuke some of the witnesses. I signed former Senator Huey Long is in marble tbe cloakrooms, has any one impunged the report. I am sure the Senate did is a man who observes very closely. I the honor or the integrity or the high the right thing in seating Senator OVER­ doubt very much that. Huey Long's character of the senior Senator from TON.; and I am positive that if there had 'statue is in marble, and I wonder if the Louisiana. been any occasion for the people of writer took the trouble to verify even : I take it the two Senators from Loui­ Louisiana to bring anything against Sen­ that little detail when he wrote. Can a siana are too well known to the mem­ ator OVERTON, it would have been brought person be scientific in any of the things bership of the Senate, to thos~ who are against him at the time of his reelec­ he does if he does not pay attention to familiar with their work and their gen­ tion. that which he sees? Is a person entitled eral conduct here as Senators · and as Mr. President; I wish to speak in a to tell-the whole country that Huey Long's men, to require any statement on my general way, not about this particular statue is in marble when it is not in part, but I felt that I should make this incident, but about our whole scheme marble? statement. and I am very happy to make of Government as it relates to the press. I cannot understand why someone it because of the great respect, the sin­ Students of history know that about 800 along the line on the editorial desks did cere and genuine respect, in which Sena­ or 900 B. C., in ancient China, where a not catch this simple error. Such er­ tor OVERTON and his colleague, Senator sort of popular opinion kept officers of rors tend to shake the public's confidence ELLENDER, are held by the Members of government in curb, the Chinese fol­ in the exactness of the press, and the the Senate. lowed the custom of aPPointing for each public is entitled to ordinary care in these Mr. THOMAS of Utah. Mr. President, officer two individuals who were called matters. I think the very first task that was im­ historiographers. One of them kept In-this case the question whether the posed upon me by the Vice President of track of the official acts of the officer, statue is of marble or bronze is of little the United States came about by reason and the other kept track of his private significance. I realize that the expres­ of my appointment as a member of a acts. Both records were kept secret until sion was probably rhetorical, and that committee whkh went. to New Orleans to after the death of the official, when they poetic license justifies anyone in describ­ investigate what was called the Overton were made public. That was the early ing a statue as being in marble when it is election. I was, of course, the least of Chinese method of restraining the of­ not in marble. There is not much to the Senators who w~nt down there, and ficers of the government by public opin­ the point; but when we analyze sentence modesty probably should make it in­ ion. It worked so tremendously well after sentence and realize that that cumbent upon me that I keep my seat that outright injustices were rare. which has gone out to the country is the during this diseussion. I cannot in fair­ There was one incident which showed thing by which Senators OvERTON ::md ness do that, necause during the 3 weeks that an officer, no matter how hard he ELLENDER are to be judged by people who we were holding open hearings, most of tried, could never dodge the guardian do not know them, I believe that a tre­ which time I presided over the meetings, angels who were around him. One his­ mendous responsibility rests upon the we met with people on all sides after toriographer wrote of an improper act shoulders of the man who willfully and the hearings were over, and never once which an official had committed. The purposely writes the names of persons did anyone su5gest that the senior Sen­ official knew that the historian would and conne·cts them up with such nouns ator from Louisiana [Mr. OVERTON] was· write of the improper act, so he had his as "thieves." The United States Senate not in every way a gentleman. Never head cut off, thinking that he could is no place for preachment. The United once did anyone pass a slighting remark purge the record. Another histori­ States Senate, though, should be a place about his character. The contest was in ographer was appointed, and immedi­ for thoughtfulness and deliberation. many _ways ont. of the most severe, and ately he wrote the fact that the official It seems to me the press of the coun­ probably one of the most wicked, ever had cut off the head of his predecessor try has here a challenge: Just how long carried on in the history of our country, because the predecessor had written the can the press maintain the great respon­ because the factors which had to do with truth about the official. That process sibility of being united with the educa­ that contest were factors which did not went on through two more historiograph­ tional institutions of the country in the have to do with the character of the ers, all of them losing their heads. The preservation of democracy if the press senior Senator from Louisiana [Mr. official thus had three unjust executions ·does not and will not pay attention to OvERTON] or with his election. recorded against him instead of one. real facts, if the press feels it is entitled We are all acquainted with the fact Finally the official realized that he could to do whatever it wishes to a man in that the rule of germaneness cannot al­ not catch up with history, and that no public life merely because he is in public ways be followed, even in an investiga­ matter what he did, it_would go down life, realizing that there is a certain im­ tion, and that persons like to be heard in writing. . This experience, plus our munity be.cause men in public life do not 1941 CONGl~ESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4395 seek justice when they are wronged? mary Senator OvERTON had- been 'guilty Mr. Rightor was a protagonist of the They know it is impossible, just as im­ of such acts. of corruption or moral turpi­ opposition faction- possible as it was ever to get rid of the tude as would unfit him and make him did not intend to say, "title to a seat" at that record which the dishonest official had unworthy to be a Senator of the United time, because the general election had not made in ancient China by trying to kill States. That really was the only compe­ taken place. What he referred to, of course, his historiographer. tent question that the committee was was the question whether or not Senator Mr. President, I trust that my purpose appointed to investigate, becalise we OVERTON's title to the primary nomination was clean. After the committee had had the first in making these few remarks will be un­ could not investigate an election when hearing, the general election in November derstood. Probably I should not have nobody had yet been elected in a general occurred, and Senator OVERTON was elected in made them. The late Senator from election, and under the decisions of the the general election without any opposition Kentucky, Mr. Logan, is not here. The courts and under the precedents of this whatever. Senator from Texas [Mr. CoNNALLY], body the Senate has no jurisdiction over who was my leader, is here. I have a primary election, except that if in a The statement was also made that known Senator OVERTON and Senator EL­ primary election a candidate is shown to Senator Broussard made no contest of LENDER since that time; and no two men have committed some act of corruption the nomination in the State courts of in the United States Senate are more or some illegal act which disqualifies him Louisiana; and, as I recall, no contest was devoted to their duties and tasks or more to be a Member of the Senate-just as he filed here against Senator OVERTON until alert to that which is of interest to the might be convicted in a court somewhere after the general election, and no candi­ country and to their people, than are of an act of corruption or an act of moral date ran against him. He was elected these two gentlemen. turpitude-the Senate could find that without opposition. Mr. CONNALLY. Mr. President, men­ that disqualified him as a Senator. Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi­ tion has been made of my membership The Senate committee filed a very dent, will the Senator yield? on the subcommittee of the special com­ voluminous report. We filed 3,000 pages Mr. CONNALLY. I yield. mittee appointed to investigate condi­ of printed hearings that were available Mr. CLARK of Missouri. It is a fact tions in Louisiana in the primary elec­ for the use of the press and the Senate. is it not, that former Senator Broussard tion in 1932. I was not the original On January 11, 1934, the report of the neve.r even contended at any stage of chairman of the subcommittee, as I re­ committee was filed in this body, and fol­ the proceedings that he had been call. The late Senator Howell, of Ne­ lowing that, beginning about the 15th of elected? braska, was the first chairman of the January, a very comprehensive and Mr. CONNALLY. He never contended subcommittee and went to Louisiana and rather voluminous debate took place in at any stage of the .:.:>roceedings that he held hearings of considerable length. the Senate with respect to the report had even been nominated. After Senator Howell's death I was des­ of the committee, participated in by the Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I meant to ignated to go to Louisiana, together with present senior Senator from Lo~isiana say, "nominated"--or elected either. the Senator from Utah [Mr. THOMAS], [Mr. OVERTON], the then Senator from Mr. CONNALLY. He specifically the late Senator from Kentucky [Mr. Louisiana, Mr. Long, the Senator from stated that he had not been nominated Logan], and another Senator whose Texas, and quite a number of other Sen­ and admitted that Senator OVERTON had name escapes me for the moment. ators. been nominated. He was undertaking to Mr. THOMAS of Utah. Mr. President, As to the conduct of Senator OvERTON, show that there was fraud in the elec­ there were just three of us-the Senator as revealed by the investigations and the tion, but Senator Broussard personally from Texas [Mr. CoNNALLY], the Sena­ hearings, the report of the committee on exculpctted Senator OVERTON of any act tor frem Kentucky [Mr. Logan], and page 19 says this-and it is true, and was of corruption or misconduct in that par­ the Senator from Wyoming [Mr. Careyl. not challenged when the committee's re­ ticular primary election. Mr. CONNALLY. In the meantime port was submitted- In the REcORD of January 16, 1934, Senator Howell had died, and Senator There was no charge made by the com­ page 707, in a colloquy with the Senator Carey, the other member of the subcom­ plaint filed with the committee that Senator from Louisiana [Mr. OVERTON] the Sen­ mittee, did not go to Louisiana with us. OvERTON personal}y participated in any fraud ator from Texas said: He attended the hearings held by Sena­ or with guilty knowledge approved any fraud. I may say to the Senator on that point tor Howell, but he did not attend the that quite a number of witnesses testified, hearings held by the Senator from Utah In the primary of 1932. I quote if he will recall, that they made no charge [Mr. THOMAS], the Senator from Ken­ further: against him personally- tucky [Mr. Logan], and the then junior There was no probative evidence produced Many of the witnesses specifically went Senator from Texas. before the committee that Senator OVERTON personally participated in or instigated any out of their way to say "We make no A great deal of misapprehension oc­ fraud, unless the inference were indulged charge against Senator OVERTON"- curred in the public mind as to the scope that being the beneficiary of whatever frauds that the only charge they made was that he and jurisdiction of that investigation. would re&ult from the employment of the was running with the Long crowd. That was Most of the press and most of the people dummy candidate device by the organizations the chief charge of some of the witnesses, seemed to think we were in Louisiana in­ supporting his candidacy he was chargeable that he was the Long candidate. I state that vestigating Senator Long. Senator Long with knowledge thereof. We cannot indulge for the Senator's benefit, that there was had been elected 2 years earlier, as I such an inference in the face of the fact that some evidence by a number ot witnesses who recall. Senator OvERTON was a candi­ there was neither a charge nor evidence to said, "We know Senator OVERToN: and we date for the Democratic nomination in that effect. All of these matters occurred in have no charge to make against him, but he the primary. Thereafter Senator OvERTON is just running with Huey Long and the 1932; so these charges were filed attack­ was elected in the general election without wrong gang." ing Senator OVERTON and calling for an opposition. investigation. Pending the investigation, I think the Senator from Utah will Senator OvERTON was elected in the gen­ It appeared in th~ debates-quoting verify the· statement that repeatedly, eral election without any opposition from the debates in the Senate-that Mr. both on the stand and privately, those whatever. Rightor was one of the leaders of the who were hostile to Senator OVERTON There was also confusion in the faction opposing Senator OVERTON, and I politically specifically stated that they public mind that the contest pending be­ said on the floor of the Senate, as shown had no complaint as t-- his character, fore the special committee was an elec­ on page 701 of the RECORD of January 16, his integrity, or his conduct. They made tion contest. It was not an election 1934, in answer to a suggestion by the no charge of corruption or wrongdoing contest in any sense of the word, the Senator from Arkansas [Mr. RoBINSON]: against him, but they said, "He is run­ Committee on Privileges and Elections Mr. CoNNALLY. Exactly. I want to call the ning with Huey Long; he is running with having jurisdiction of any contest that attention of the Senate to the fact that this first hearing in New Orleans in October 1932 the wrong crowd." We were not investi­ might have been filed. So the special took place a tew days after the primary, but gating Senator Long, who had been committee's jurisdiction really extended before the general election. No contest was elected 2 years previously, but we did only to one point, and that was whether filed with the committee by· Senator Brous­ investigate political conditions in Louisi­ or not the committee should be able to sard for the seat in the Senate or for the ana, and those who may care to do so will develop facts showing that in the pri- nomination, and Mr. Righter- find that the committee excoriated many 4396 CONG-RESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 26 of the political practices in Louisiana, in­ enemies willingly and voluntarily testi­ · Mr. THOMAS of Utah. Mr. President, cluding the use of so-called dummy can­ fied to his high character and standing. will the Senator yield at that point for didates, but both groups did the same The only complaint they had to make was just one statement? thing. "Well, he is running with Huey Long, and, Mr. CONNALLY. I yield. There were three political organiza­ therefore, the Senate ought to throw him Mr. THOMAS of Utah. Since the tions in Louisiana. The committee found out." matter of publication of what the wit­ that all three of them were adopting The .present junior Senator from Lou­ nesses said and what was going on in practically the same methods and the isiana [Mr. ELLENDER~, who was not then the hearings has been mentioned, I think same processes, and we condemned those a Member of the Senate, was counsel for it should be pointed out that for 2 full methods and those processes. But there Senator OVERTON in that investigation. A weeks our hearings were conducted over was not one group who could stand up part of the time the Senator from Texas the radio, and the people all over the and declare themselves clean and point left the chair and became a sort of prose­ South were able to hear ever) question the finger of scorn at the other group; cutor on the other side of the table from that was put and every answer that was and specifically there was no testimony, Senator ELLENDER, not with any idea of given. I believe that was probably the not even a hint, that Senator OVERTON becoming a partisan, but for the purpose first time a Senate investigation has been personally had participated in any fraud of developing thoroughly the facts, since conducted over the radio. or in any political chicanery or in any we had no attorneys representing the Mr. CONNALLY. That is correct. wrongdoing of any character whatever. Senate, though we had a disloyal em­ Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I want­ Even those bringing the charges never ployee or one in whom we did not have ed · particularly to emphasize, in connec­ intimated anything of that kind. confidence. So I took over the examina­ tion with the full knowledge the people His antagonists, of course, were bitter tion of the witnesses across the table of Louisiana had of this situation, that against Senator Long and they were after from the junior Senator from Louisiana. the press of New Orleans was anti-OVER­ Senator Long, but we were not investi­ I want to say for him that in his conduct TON during the time the hearing was gating Senator Long; we were investi­ of those investigations I know of no act going on. gating the election of Senator OvERTON, lacking in ethics, no act of any wrong­ Mr. CONNALLY. That is correct. particularly the primary election, be­ doing. He conducted himself as any Mr. BROWN. And the reports of the cause there was nothing to investigate in other capable and honest lawyer of char­ proceedings of the committee which went the general election, as Senator OVERTON acter and standing would conduct him­ out were probably pretty strongly against had no opponent at the general election self. the Senator from Louisiana. Neverthe­ and was overwhelmingly elected. But So, for both the senior Senator from less, the people of the State, when they even as to the primaries, as I now recall­ Louisiana and the junior Senator from had .an opportunity to express them­ ! do not find the statement in my hasty Louisiana [Mr. ELLENDER], I want to say selves, both in the election in 1936 of examination of the report-we stated in that I have the utmost confidence in Senator ELLENDER, who belonged to the the report that if all the ballots which their character and standing, and I think same political faction, and in the reelec­ had been objected to by the opponents of that this record will amply demonstrate tion in 1938 of Senator OVERTON, were the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. OVER­ that there is no ground whatever for able to penetrate and find out what the TON] had been thrown out and rejected, attaching even a suspicion of corruption truth was. he would still have had a very substan­ or wrongdoing to the senior Senator from Mr. CONNALLY. I thank the Senator tial majority. I will ask the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. OVERTON] in the election from Michigan. That is quite true. I do Utah if that is not true? of 1932 in which he was first nominated not know that all the papers of New Or­ Mr. THOMAS of Utah. I think that is as a candidate for United States Senator. leans were ant:-OvERTON, but I am sure true. Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, will the all but one were, and possibly that one Mr. CONNALLY. That is the way I Senator yield at that point? also was. At any rate, ample publicity recall it, that we reported that if we had Mr. CONNALLY. I yield. was given to the hearings in the head­ had jurisdiction over the primary and Mr. BROWN. As I · recall, this in­ lines in the newspapers almost daily, and had gone into that phase and had re­ vestigation took place in 1933. the committee was raked over the coals jected and thrown out all the ballots Mr. CONNALLY. Begmning in the fall and vilified and abused and denounced which the opponents of Senator OVERTON of 1932, and we wound it up in 1933. because it did not bring in a report oust­ said should be discarded Senator OVER­ Mr. BROWN . . As I understand the ing Senator Long, when we had nothing TON would still have been nominated by press of New Orleans, where the investi­ on earth to do with Senator Long ex­ a very substantial majority. . gation took place, very fully covered the cept as he was connected with the pri­ Mr. President, the report of the com­ hearings of the committee; the right of mary of 1932. mittee in this case covers all these aspects, publicity was given to what was said. Mr. President, in conclusion allow me and any Senators who are in the Senate Mr. CONNALLY. That is correct. to say that the committee investigating now but who were not then in the Senate Mr. BROWN. And Senator ELLENDER this affair at that time, as I brie:fiy sug­ will find the report of the committee, I appeared as counsel for Senator OvERTON. gested a moment ago, did find a very bad think, quite interesting, as well as the de­ Senator ELLENDER was not then a United set of political conditions in Louisiana; bate which took place in January 1934. States Senator. but we found that all factions were par­ In the meantime, of course, Senator Mr. CONNALLY. He was not then a ticipg,ting in them and doing the same OvERTON has served in this body with dis­ Member of the Senate. thing. We did denounce the system tinction, and has, in the meantime been Mr. BROWN. And after this full pub­ which was then in vogue of levying as­ renominated and reelected by his con­ licity had been given, Senator ELLENDER sessments on State candidates for elec­ stituents. I want to say that as a result became a candidate for the United States tion purposes. We denounced the prac­ of my association with Senator OVERTON Senate in 1936, was it not? tice of having dummy candidates. Again, in the investigation in Louisiana and here Mr. CONNALLY. That is my recollec- however, the practice of having dummy on -the :floor of the Senate, I have the tion. · candidates. was adopted and used by all highest regard for his probity, for his un­ Mr. BROWN. And was elected with- factions and all groups. impeachable character, and his very un­ out any question. · I cannot go through the entire report usual ability. I think he has rendered his Mr. CONNALLY. He was elected. at this time; but some Senators who were State and his country a very high class of Mr. BROWN. Then, of course, as I here at that time will remember that the public service, and is now rendering a very think the Senator has very well pointed matter was quite fully discussed on the high class of public service. Neither, in all out, with all this publicity before the peo­ :floor by a number of Senators. The com­ the heat, in all the passion, and in all the ple of the State of Louisiana, who, after mittee found that the only jurisdiction bitterness of this interparty row, these all, are the final judges in this matter, a we had, since it was not an election con­ factual quarrels in Louisiana, nor on the subsequent election was held in 1938, in test, was to deterMine whether or not :floor of the Senate, have I ever heard any which the senior Senator from Louisiana Senator OVERTON had been guilty of any man, even the bitterest witnesses in Loui­ [Mr. OVERTON] was overwhelmingly re­ fraud or corruption or moral turpitude siana, ever impute to Senator OVERTON nominated and reelected. which would disqualify him and make any act of corruption or wrongdoing; but, Mr. CONNALLY. I thank the Senator him unworthy to be a Senator of the on the other hand, his bitterest political from Michigan. · United States. On the face of the record 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4397 there was no hint by anybody, not even and service of process shall be made in the cal of thousands I have received along the by his bitterest opponents, that such was manner therein provided by service upon same line in the past few months. Some the United States attorney and by Jllott'iling by of the letters today are urging mediation. the case; so we submitted 3·,000 pages of registered mail to the Attorney General and hearings and our report to the Senate the United States Maritime Commission and Others stress opposition to convoys or for the Senate's consideration, and for due notice shall under order of the court be any substitute that would send our Navy the use of the Committee on. Privileges given to all interested persons, and any decree into action in an undeclared war. They and Elections in case a contest should shall be subject to appeal and revision as now are all alike in expressing opposition to be filed after Senator OVERTON's election . provided in other cases of admiralty and the intervention of the United States. in the general election. When that was maritime jurisdiction:" These letters from home, Mr. President, over, as I now recall, the Senate's action And the Senate agree to the same. all tell the same story: The plain, com­ was absolutely unanimous; not a single Amendment numbered 4: That the House recede from its disagreement to the amend­ mon people of the West, the people for, Senator challenged the findings. of the ment of the Senate numbered 4 and agree to by, and of whom this Government of ours committee or the action which the com­ the same with an amendment as follows: In is supposed to be, are almost solidlY mittee took with respect to the case. lieu of the matter proposed to be inserted against going into war with Europe, to It seems to me that to drag the matter by the Senate amendment insert the follow­ say nothing of Asia and Africa and on out here now, after the expiration of 7 ing: "Provided further, That if the Maritime the seven seas. These people want peace. years, to try to resurrect and reenact Commission, after consideration by it of evi­ All of us are aware of the tremendous dence submitted to it within ten days after things which have long since passed away, the approval of this Act, shall find that on efforts now being made to inflame public is unworthy; and I doubt the wisdom of September 3, 1939, and continuously there­ sentiment in America to the point where paying even the attention which has been after, any vessel was exclusively owned, used the people themselves will be put in the paid to them today by the Senate. and operated for its exclusive sovereign pur­ light of forcing the administration to go ACQUISITION AND USE OF MERCHANT poses by a sovereign nation making claim to war, either by declaration or through VESSELS-CONFERENCE REPORT therefor, such vessel may be taken under an undeclared naval war such as was this section only by purchase or charter; and suggested by analogy from the White Mr. BAILEY. Mr. President, I submit in determining said ownership, use and op­ House a short time ago. the conference report on House bill 4466. eration the Commission shall disregard (1) Desperate efforts are being made to I will not make a motion for its adoption all contributicns made in whole or in part at any time to the construction, repair, re­ start the use of convoys by our Navy. at this time, because the House has not conditioning, equipping or operation of said The use of convoys would be undeclared acted upon the report. vessel, (2) all such matters, in nature similar war. Actually to fight an undeclared The VICE PRESIDENT. The report to or dissimilar from, the foregoing clause as naval war certainly would be going to will be received and lie on the table. in the opinion of the Commission are im­ war, ultimately with expeditionary forces The report is as follows: material or irrelevant to the determination of such ownership. Use of such vessel at any to Europe, probably to Africa, and very The committee of conference on the dis­ time since September 3, 1939, in commercial likely also to Asia. agreeing votes of the two Houses on the trade shall be presumptively deemed to show Mr. President, I am willing to offer amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. that said vessel is not owned, used and op­ Great Britain all she can take and all 4466) to authorize the acquisition by the erated by a sovereign nation for its sovereign we can spare; but I am opposed to the United StatP-s of title to or the use of do­ purposes. The · final determination by the United States becoming involved in the mestic or foreign merchant vessels for urgent Maritime Commission shall be conclusive: present European war by the convoy needs cf commerce and national defense, and Provided further, That if any vessel shall be route or by any other route. for other purposes, having met, after full and found under the proviso next preceding to be free conference, have agreed to recommend exclusively owned, used and operated by I believe that America's destiny does and do recommend to their respective Houses any sovereign nation so that it can only be not lead to war overseas, whether in as follows: chartered or purchased, and such vessel shall Europe, Asia, or Africa, or all three. Our That the House recede from its disagree­ be chartered or purchased, then the cash to destiny is to create and maintain in this ment to the amendments of the Senate num­ be paid for said charter or purchase, to the hemisphere a strong, virile, democratic bered 2, 5, 6, and 7, and agree to the same. extent that may be necessary, after payment nation, living at peace wtih other na­ Amendment numbered 1: That the House of existing claims and liens of creditors tions, impregnable to attack by any so recede from Its disagreement to the am~nd­ against said vessel, shall be held for applica­ ment of the Senate numbered 1 and agree tion upon such debt, if any, as may be due unwise as to attempt it. We can point to the same with an amendment as follows: to the United States from the sovereign na­ and lead the way to a better world by On page 1 of the Senate engrossed amend­ tion so found to have exclusive ownership to following this program. We can make ments, line 8. strike O\lt "that"; and the said vessel: Provided further, That the Mari­ the destruction of civilization complete Senate agree to the same. time Commission and the Department of Jus;­ by following the other policy-the policy Amendment numbered 3: That the House tice are authorized to make just provisions of perpetual involvement in Old World recede from its disagreement to the amend­ out of funds provided in section 2 of this Act power politics and Old World wars. ment of the Senate numbered 3, and agree to for employees displaced by the taking of any the same with an amendment, as follows: ship hereunder and report to the Congress Mr. President, I send to the desk a very In lieu of the matter proposed to be in­ tl:_leir action within thirty days after the en­ few of the many communications I have serted by the Senate amendment Insert the actment of this Act." · received opposing our yielding to this following: "Provided further, That such com­ And the Senate agree to the same. war hysteria, and ask that they be print­ pensation hereunder shall be deposited with J. W. BAILEY, ed as part of my remarks at this point. the 'T'reasurer of the United States, and the HA'ITIE W. CARAWAY, The PRESIDING OFFICER tragic march toward "I give you my deep anu unalterable con­ war. In my judgment. it is an insane course mongers. You are truly deserving of high approval in viction • • • that by the repeal of the which is being followed, and should it be embargo the United States will more probably decided to supplement our present program a very commendable manner for your splendid talks, and may God give you strength in your remain at peace than if the law remains as it with the sending of convoys or patrols, the stands today. I say this because, with the result can only be an intensification of the fight for freedom and justice. Sincerely yours. repeal of the embargo, this Government problem. Mrs. and Mr. C. A. HAss. clearly and definitely will insist that Ameri­ It is my observation thai. the overwhelming can citizens and American ships keep away majority of perbons m this section of the from the immediate perils of the actual zones country are opposed to any active participa­ TOPEKA, KANS., May 11, 1941. of conflict.'' tion in the war That does not mean that Senator ARTHUR CAPPER, This was the solemn and eloquent we should withdraw in an attempt to set up Washington, D. C. an impossible isolation, but we should have In re America first. ground advanced by the President and a more creative program than war I hope DEAR SENATOR: Your continuous hammer­ echoed on this :floor by the supporters of this country may take steps to mediate a ing to keep our boys out of European wars the Neutrality Act of 1939 now so vi­ sound peace, based on justice and interna­ is thoroughly warranted, and the mothers ciously and blatantly attacked by Secre­ tional cooperation. of this Mother's Day, I believe, are grateful taries Stimson and Knox. You may be sure that many of us at home to you this day and should be for your The Post-Dispatch proceeds: will be giving active support to such senti­ valiant service to America. Mrs. Eldridge ments. Best wishes to you as you continue joins me heartily. These were the words of Mr. Roosevelt's your fine fight. Sincerely yours, message to the special session of Congress. Did he later regret them? Not prior to Oc­ Sincerely yours, Your fellow townsman, 0RMAL L. MILLER. CHAS. E. ELDRIDGE. tober 28, 1940, when he made a campaign speech at Madison Square Garden. There WOMEN'S REPUBLICAN CLUB, he said: "By the Neutrality Act of 1935, and by other Osawatomie, Kans., May 14, 1941. LYNDON, KANS., May 15, 1941. To the Senate, in care oj Han. Arthur Capper. steps • • • we made it clear that ships Senator ARTHUR CAPPER, flying the American flag could not carry muni­ To the House, in care 'Jj Han. U.S. Guyer. Washington, D. C.: DEAR SIRS: In considering international re­ tions to a belligerent; and that they must We want to express ourselves as being 100 stay out of war zones. Was that right?" lations, your representatives will eventually percent for the seven-steps' program advo­ have to get around a conference table. Why cated ~ E. Stanley Jones. We beg of those Inquired the President. He proceedEd: not now? Is nm the old legend, "Discretion who express our wishes that the United "These were measures to keep us at peace. is the best part of valor," still true? States act as mediator in this crisis. Why bankrupt our country? The Du And through all the years of war since 1935, THE WOMEN'S SOCIET'Y: OF ·there has be.en no entanglement, and there Pcnts and their ilk have sold enough ex­ liHRISTIAN SciENCE. plosives. will be no entanglement.'' We are told that we should avoid the ap­ OF PLEDGES FOR PEACE Mr. President, that was a specific pearance of evil. War is evil. Let us be strong Mr. CLARK of Missouri Mr. Presi­ pledge made to the American people as and united at nome and keep our defenses dent, very recently the superannuated late as the 28th of October 1940, upon in readine~s for the day when there is a ,threat against our own democracy. Our own Secretary Stimson and the egregious which the President appealed to the peo­ worst enemy is t.he disgruntled at home. Secretary Knox have been going up and ple and won the election, breaking a Sincerely yours for a.ur own America. down the country advocating convoys, Nation-long third-term precedent of this Respectfully yours, .the repeal of the Neutrality Act, and any Republic. In common with his other D. A and ANNAL, JANUARY. other me~sure Wbichthey can sug3est to .solemn pledge.s as to keeping the country 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4399 out of war it was responsible for his Mr. BYRD. I yield. know how few dive bombers, heavy election. When they were uttered, I be­ Mr. BYRNES. I ask unanimous con­ bombers, antiaircr::. .ft guns, medium and lieved in them and I gloried in them. sent at this time that at the conclusion of heavy tanks and other vital military It seems to me that Secretary Knox the speech of the Senator from Virginia equipment, are being produced or will and Secretary Stimson, holding official the calendar be called for the considera­ be produced in the immediate months positions in the President's family, are tion of measures to which there is no ahead. Certainly we should not add to utterly at variance with the pledges made objection. this lag in production by permitting de­ to the Congress at the time of the repeal Mr. McCARRAN. Before the request fense strikes to continue. We are wit­ of the arms embargo, and the pledges is agreed to, I ask the Senator whether he nessing a vast propaganda to influence made to the American people when the will not consent that I may have oppor­ the people to believe that our production President was a candidate for reelection, tunity to make a short statement follow­ of essential military equipment is far in the campaign of propaganda which ing the remarks of the Senator from ahead of actual results. they are carrying on. Virginia. We live in a democracy and the people The Post-Dispatch editorial concludes: Mr. BYRNES. I have no objection. should know the truth. Obviously, Secretaries Stimson and Knox The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there It cannot be successfully contradicted do not speak for the President In scoffing at objection to the request of the Senator that much greater and more effective aid the poUcy reflected in the Neutrality Act. from South Carolina? The Chair hears could have been rendered England in Has the President changed his mind since none, and it is so ordered. recent months if defense strikes had not last November? That is, of course, possible. occurred. However, in his letter to Admiral Land yes­ STRIKES IN DEFENSE INDUSTRIES terday, it is worth noting that he said Amer­ It is as futile as it is absurd to continue ican ships will carry implements of war Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, the time to talk about giving greater and quicker "through the open waters of the seven seas." has come to call a spade a spade. Since aid to Great Britain unless we are willing the very beginning of the European war, to do the things necessary to produce the How can two men remain in the Presi­ our aid to England and preparaticns for military equipment Britain so urgently dent's Cabinet continually and persist­ needs. ently to make mockery of the President's our own essential national defense have been interrupted time and time again by Our Government can no longer com~ solemn promises to the American people strikes in vital defense industries too promise in this vital issue without im­ and viciously attack the policies advo­ numerous to mention in my observations periling our national safety to a most cated and pledged by the President no to. the Senate today. I want all justice dangerous degree. The disastrous effect later than a week before the last election? done to labor, but the fact remains that of such strikes must not be minimized · Mr. CONNALLY. Mr. President, will new and continuing strikes are danger­ longer by the administration. No class the Senator yield? ously retarding aid to England and our of citizens, be they laborers or industrial­ Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I yield. own . defense preparations. No effective ists, has the right to jeopardize our Na­ Mr. CONNALLY. Does not the Sena­ action has been taken, nor has any ac­ tion in this emergency. In fact, no tor from Missouri believe, however, that tion been recommended to the Congress greater service could be rendered the mil­ in justice to Secretary Stimson he should by the President of the United States lions and the overwhelming majority of state that Secretary Stimson· before the and administration leaders, to curb this patriotic American workmen than to re­ Committee on Foreign Relations opposed menace. Nor have efforts of Senators pudiate the leadership of a selfish minor­ that portion of the Neutrality Act which and Representatives to enact -uch legis­ ity which refuses to cooperate for prohibited free shipment by American lation yet been successful. national safety. vessels? He was not then Secretary of Unless we admit that American de­ Mr. President, I have had occasion to War. mocracy cannot effectively function in send several telegrams to Miss Frances I Mr. CLARK of Missouri. So far as this hour of great national peril, some Perkins, the Secretary of Labor, with re~ know, Secretary Stimson has for 25 years means must be found, and found quickly, spect to her delay in certifying to the consistently opposed every measure cal­ to put an end to these dangerous in­ National Mediation Board strikes in de­ culated to bring about peace and keep the terruptions in the production of defense fense industries which she has been United States out of war. unable to settle. Mr. CONNALLY. I am not going back and military equipment. As our boys have been drafted under I was surprised to learn, Mr. President, 25 years. our democratic system of government to that the strikes in the 11 San Francisco Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I should be leave their homes and their businesses shipyards and in other sections on the glad to go back and read some of the and to serve their country for $21 a west coast, which have been in eXistence speeches Secretary Stimson made before month, certainly no injustice can be done more than 2 weeks, have not as yet been the last war. either to the laboring man or to the certified by Madam Perkins to the Na­ Mr. CONNALLY. The question I asked industrialist in requiring each to submit tional Mediation Board, up to 10:55 a. m., the Senator was whether he did not be­ all matters of dispute to an impartial Monday, May 26. These strikes are hold­ lieve it fair to Secretary Stimson, in con­ mediation board with full power to arbi­ ing up $500,000,000 worth of defense nection with the editorial the Senator trate; providing that during the process orders and have become so serious that has read, to say that Secretary Stimson, of arbitration both parties shall continue Admiral Land, testifying before the Tru~ before he was appointed Secretary of to perform their respective functions man investigating committee, stated that War, appeared before the Committee on without interruption, that any decision armed forces, if necessary, should be used Foreign Relations--- rendered be final for a given period of to remove the picket lines thrown around Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I say very time. This would be fair both to labor these west coast plants. At the same frankly that I think Secretary Stimson and business and would avoid strikes time, Ralph A. Bard, the Assistant Sec­ has always been opposed to the Neutrality and interruptions to regular and increas­ retary of the Navy, asserted that the Act and the whole policy of the Neutrality ing aid to England, and in building up strike of 1, 700 machinists in the San Act and to any policy for keeping out of our own American-defense needs. Francisco Bay shipyards was undoubt­ war. That is precisely what I am point­ As to what extent aid to England and edly "instigated by selfish and subversive ing out, that he is permitted to go out, our military preparations have been re­ elements." as is also Secretary Knox, as members of tarded by the large number of strikes in Accordingly, I feel impelled to send an­ the Pres:dent's Cabinet, and utterly re­ military contracts, no accurate estimate other telegram to Madam Perkins, which pudicate pledges the President has made can be made, but certainly this bottle­ is as follows: to the Congress a11d to the American neck has deprived England, as well as Hon. FRANCES PERKINS, people. It certainly constitutes a serious ourselves, of much vitally needed mili­ Secretary oj Labor, Washington, D. C.: reflection on the part of the two Secre­ tary equipment, and prevented us from I am astonished to know that, according taries upon either the statesmanship or ·giving a full measure of assistance to to information furnished me by Secretary the good faith of their Chief. Seward, of the .i'l'ational Defense Mediation England in the period of her greatest Board, you have failed to certify the west ORDER FOR CONSIDERATION OF MEAS­ peril. coast shipyard strikes for mediation by this URES ON THE CALENDAR As one who has been investigating the Board. What is the cause of your delay? Mr. BYRD obtained the floor. progress of our defense program, I can The character of the defense contracts on Mr. BYRNES. Mr. President, will the say upon my responsibility as a Senator which these yards are working makes it im­ Senator yield? that the countr;v. would be shocked to perative that settlement of these strikes be 4400 'CONGRESSIONAL ·RECORD-SENATE MAY 26 effected at once. Shall appreciate advice as which I shall read to the Senate, without spoken in condemnation of sit-down to when you expect to certify these strikes the name of the sender, is as follows: strikes. It was felt essential that the for mediation. It hu come to my attention that the atti­ Senate should declare by resolution that Day by day strikes in defense indus­ tude of the administration toward strikes, sit-down strikes should be condemned, tries become more serious and ominous which are affecting national defense, is hav­ As evidence of the great power of an to the security of our country. I am ing a very undesirable reaction toward the aroused public sentiment, immediately unity of our American people, and I firmly after the passage by the Senate of this advised by Col. W. H. Sadler, of the believe it has retarded the purchase of de­ labor section of the War Department fense bends. resolution sit-down strikes subsided. that on May 23, 36 strikes were in exist­ It is indeed humiliating that our country Faced as we are today with the colossal ence, affecting important supplies under should be conscripting some of our finest fel­ task of rendering aid to England and pre­ War Department contracts. This num­ lows from important positions and excellent paring for our own military defenses, ber does not include strikes in navy salaries for Army dut:· a ... $1 per day and at strikes are preventing those things we yards, strikes in shipyards, in connection the same time be tolerating strikes on the must do to protect our national security. with numerous contracts for the Navy part of union men who are already receiving Again we find, as in the case of the wave Department, the Maritime Commission from $1 to $1.50 per hour. of sit-down strikes, that Madam Perkins I feel that it is the duty of every citizen to and other agencies of the Government express his or her views to our Government as Secretary of Labor has been a totally engaged in defense work. Of the 36 representatives, and I sincerely trust you will ineffective instrument to prevent strikes. strikes existing on May 23, only two have accept my criticisms in the spirit in which She has demor.strated neither the capac­ so far been certified by Miss Perkins to they are intended. ity nor the inclination in this hour of the National Mediation Board. May those who are in authority move great crisis. Under the proclamation of Colonel Sadler also reported under the hastily to correct these un-American condi­ the President she is the only authority head of "Most immediate danger" that tions. that can certify strikes to the National 18 other strikes were threatened, some of Agai_n, Mr. President, I want to renew Mediation Board for action, a Board es­ most vital consequence-. my suggestion that the resignation of tablished without power to enforce its Among the strikes regarded by the War Miss Perkins as Secretary of Labor be own decisions. Department as of the most immediate requested by the President of the United In recent weeks the President himself danger, we find the possibility of such States. · I am convinced that an over­ has minimized the effect of defense serious interruptions as threatened whelming proportion of our citizens be­ strikes when he said on March 4 in his strikes at the Bendix Aviation Corpora­ lieve that the best interests of our na­ press conference that strikes were af­ tion, South Bend, Ind., manufacturers of tional defense would be promoted by her fecting only one-fourth of one percent aviation carburetors and parts for the resignation. Numerous patriotic organi­ of defense industries. This may have Air Corps. zations, headed by the American Legion, been true at that time, but the percent­ A list of others follows: have adopted resolutions urging that she age is much larger now. In fact, the Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich., resign. Nearly without exception, the President's illustration means nothing, which manufactures magnesium. newspaper comment throughout the because a strike in a defense industry, North American Aviation Corpora­ country has been that her resignation such as the one which· occurred in the tion, Los Angeles, Calif., manufacturer would remove a S"!rious obstacle which Allis-Chalmers plant, which had under of trainers and bombers for the Air now exists in the defense program. Her production vital equipment essential to Corps and for the British. failure for more than 2 weeks to certify the manufacture of airplanes and de­ Schleuter Manufacturing Co., St. the serious strikes in the west coast ship­ stroyers, may hold up equipment most Louis, Mo., which manufactures antitank yards is but ano~her evidence of her in­ urgently needed, even though such in­ mines for Ordnance. efficiency and ineptness in the position dustry represents only a fraction of 1 Sealed Power Corporation, Muskegon, she holds. percent. Mich., manufacturer of pistons and rings The coal strike ·-vas bungler·_ by Miss On April 8 Mrs. Roosevelt said at a for the Air Corps, Ordnance, and Quar­ Perkins, after 23 days of effort, before press conference: termaster Corps. certification was made to the Mediation Strikes in defense industries should not be Soft coal: John L. Lewis threatens to Board, and this unwarranted delay was looked upon as ·indicating a lack of patri­ call out 300,000 to 400,000 soft-coal min­ due, it was said, to the desire of Miss otism on the part of labor. We should not ers again unless current negotiations Perkins not to o1fend the powerful John behave ::.s though this were a case of patri.:. with southern operators· culminate in a L. Lewis. otism. Labor disputes should still be looked satisfactory wage agreement. upon as disagreements between two groups It is imminent again, as John L. Lewis, trying to get just returns for what they are Aluminum Co. of America, three with his characteristic arrogance, has doing; plants: St. Louis, Mo.; Massena, N. Y.; just announced th&.t he would refuse to and Mobile, Ala., vital ore plant. arbitrate any further coal disputes. If the President and the Secretary of American Aluminum Co., Los Angeles, Today the strike situation is analagous Labor fail to act firmly in this crisis con­ Calif., aluminum metal for the Air Corps. to that in the period in 1937 when a wave fronting us, then it is more imperative E. W. Bliss Co., Brooklyn, N.Y., prime of sit-down· strikes swept over our coun­ for Congress unequivocally to assert its contractor for ordnance for presses, try. The failure then of our Government condemnation. Using as a precedent the $217,000, and for small-arms ammuni­ to deal firmly and strongly with such un­ passage by the Senate 3 years ago of the tion machinery, $10,000,000, for Lake lawful and disorderly actions is reflected resolution condemning sit-down strikes, City, Denver, and St. Louis ordnance in the strikes now. During the sit-down I shall introduce today a concurrent res­ plants; the Navy and the British also strike epidemic the Secretary of Labor, olution which I shall ask to go over under have contracts. Madam Perkins, declined to utter one rules for later consideration, condemning · Busch-Sulzer Diesel Engineering Co., word of disapproval of the disorderly and strikes in industries that affect the na­ St. Louis, Mo., company is prime con­ unlawful possession of industrial plants tional-defense effort. The resolution tractor for ordnance, manufacturing by sit-down strikers, and even the United reads as follows: Diesel-driven generating units. States Government declined to deliver Whereas the unsettled condition of the Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria, Ill., mail to factories picketed by sit-down world today and the uncertainties of the fu­ which manufactures tractors for Ord­ strikers. The President of the United ture necessitate complete cooperation between nance. States was likewise silent. Government, management, and labor; and That the strike situation has assumed Whereas numerous strikes are taking place ominous proportions and has seriously .On April 7, 1937, the Senate took the in national defense industries throughout extraordinary action of ~. dopting a res­ the United States; and retarded aid to England, as well as our olution declaring that- own defense efforts, no fair-minded p~r­ Whereas such strikes are retarding and son can deny. It is the sense of the Congress that the so­ greatly impeding our efforts to build an ade­ called sit-down strike is illegal and contrary quate Army and Navy and to render effective It is also disturbing to me to receive a to sound public policy. aid to other democracies: Therefore be it le~ter from a patriotic citizen of my State · Resolved, etc., That it is the sense of Con­ who writes me that these strikes are hav­ As every Senator knows, this action gress that strikes in industries that affect the ing an undesirable reaction in the pur­ was taken because no official of the exec­ nat tonal-defense effort are- contrary .to sound ·chase of defense bonds. This letter; utive branch of the Government had public policy and they arc hereby condemned. 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--SENATE 4401' Mr. President, I am, of course, aware of necessary, those who would wilfully ob­ Strike: May 22, 1941, of 1,700 (U. A. W.) the fact that passage of this resolution is struct our program of preparedness to (C. I. 0.). preserve our security. Issues: Discharge of union members and merely the assertion of a public policy on right to collect dues on plant property. the part of the Congress of the United Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ Status: All men called out after discharge States, and that legislative action must sent to submit the concurrent resolution of nine members of the union. follow. However, I believe it is essential which I have read, and to have it lie over In ~ erest: Manufactures shells fer Ordnance that this statement of public policy be im­ under the rule. and British. mediately asserted, by the President of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Black Hosiery Mills, York, Pa.: the United States or by the Congress of objection, the concurrent resolution (S. Strike: April 11, 1941, of 100 (C. I. 0.). the United States, or both. Con. Res. 12) will be received and will lie Issue: Wage increases. Status: National Labor Relations Board As a realist I am fully aware that no over under the rule. holding hearings in Philadelphia. One shift legislation not having the support of the Mr. BYRD. I ask unanimous consent is working at the plant; one-third normal President and the administration stands to insert in the RECORD at the conclusion production has been resumed. Situation any chance of passage without delay and of my remarks a statement from the War deadlocked May 21, 1941; conciliation does prolonged debate. Department as to existing strikes with not appear possible at present. I recall that the so-called Smith respect to War Department contracts. Interest: Socks for Quartermaster Corps­ amendments to the Wagner Act were This statement refers only to War De­ not immediately vital as these are for winter partment contracts, and not to the con­ season. Some .5hipments of socks have been passed by the House of Representatives made since strike began. on June 7, 1940, by a substantial major- tracts of the Navy or other agencies of Continental Can Co., Jersey City, N. J.: . ity. Those amendments were referred to the Government. Strike: April 4, 1941, of 600 A. F . of L. and the Senate Committee on Education and There being no objection, the state­ Independent. Labor on June 10, 1940. There the ment was ordered to be printed in the Issue: Jurisdictional. amendments peacefully slumbered for RECORD, as follows: Status: Office of Production Management for more than 6 months, and the Senate WAR DEPARTMENT, Labor Consultant Blumberg on the case. was denied an opportunity to pass upon OFFICE OF THE UNDER SECRETARY, Tentative agreement reached; men expected to return to work Monday, May 26, 1941. the changes in the National Labor Rela­ LABOR SECTION, May 24, 1941. Interest: $98,667 contract for combat gas­ tions Act. mask canisters for Chemical Warfare. On January 31, 1941, the Senator from Subject: Strikes and labor disputes affect­ ing War Department procurement. Crescent Tool Co., Jamestown, N. Y.: Minnesota [Mr. BALL] introduced certain Memorandum for the Under Secretary of War. Strike: May 12, 1941, of 500 machinists amendments which are still pending in Friday, May 23, 1941: Number of strikes, (A. P. of L.). the Committee on Education and Labor 36; number of men idle, 31,900. Issue: Alleged discriminatory discharge of with no immediate prospect, I am told, of Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Co., La­ one union employee. being presented to the Senate. Porte, Ind.: Status: Commissioner Goldsmith on case. It is customary for concurrent resolu­ Strike: May 7, 1941, of 1,200 F. E. w. ·o. c. Some progress reported at meetings. (C. I. 0 .) . Interest: Pliers and wrenches for Air Corps, tions such as I proposed to be acted upon Quartermaster Corps, and Signal Corps. by the Senate at its pleasure without ref­ Issues: Wages, closed shop, new contract. Status: Two or three grievances not settled Curtiss Manufacturing Co., St. Louis, Mo.: erence to a committee, thus avoiding the by arbitration. Newspaper reports men re­ Strike: April 8, 1941, of 300 Steel Workers possibility of delay in considering the turned to work; not yet confirmed. Organizing Committee (C. I. 0.). legislation in (;Ommit.tee. As time is of Issues: Wages, vacations with pay, signed Interest: Ordnance prime contract for agreement. the essence, and some declaration of $2,000,000 worth of gun mounts for Water­ town Arsenal. Status: Certified to National Defense Medi· policy for the security of America should ation Board May 3, 1941. Meeting set for American Potash & Chemical Co., Trona, be immediately announced by the Presi­ Monday May 26, 1941. dent and by the Congress, I intend to ask Calif.: Interest: Portable air compressors and car for consideration of this resolution by Strike: March 19, 1941, of 1,000 mine, mill, washers for use by Diamond T for Quarter­ and smelter workers (C. I. 0.). master Corps-emergency stock from Hola­ the Senate at the e:uliest possible time. Issues: Close shop and wage increases. As a Senator I ·hav.c supported all de­ bird exhausted. Diamond T assembly line Status: Certified to N. D. M. B. April 23, will be forced to shut down. Hoists for Gen­ fense measures of our own and for aid to 1941. Commissioner Malcolm continuing ne­ eral Steel Castings Co. for Canadian con­ England. I am unwilling to remain si­ gotiations at Board's request. tracts used in production of tank top hulls. lent and permit strikes in vital defense Interest: Borax and boric acid for Kimball General Steel Castings Co. unsuccessful so industries to continue. A clear-cut, de:fi­ Glass Co. and Corning Glass Works. Medical far in locating alternate source of these n1te, and positive statement from our Corps contracts behind schedule. hoists. Delaying clutch discs for Spicer, Amos Hosiery Mills, High Point, N.C.: who supplies White Motor Co., who in turn Government is Imperative. Strike: May 19, 1941, of 45 unaftlliated I..; Madam Perkins to be retained in the manufactures half-tracks for Ordnance. boarders. Detroit Steel Products Co., Detroit, Mich.: face of her proven inadequacy? Is the Issues: Wage increases. Strike: May 7, 1941, of 750 C. I. 0. United Mediation Beard tr, have power to en­ Status: No report of meeting held May 22, Auto Workers. · force its decisions? Are foreign and sub­ 1941. Issue: Union recognition. versive elements, as described by the As­ Interest: One and one-half million pairs Status: Commissioner and omce of Pro­ sistant Secretary of the Navy, to be socks for Quartermaster Corps. duction Management labor consultant on permitted to continue to sabotage our Apollo Steel Corporation, Apollo, Pa.: case. Union at meeting, May 22, 1941, Strike: May 19, 1941, of 950 (C. I. 0.). threatened to strike their Springfield plant preparedness effor~? Is John L. Lewis Issues: Closed shop and wage increases. bigger and '!lore powerful than the May 26, 1941, unless company negotiates Status: Commissioner Ward assigned. Ne- before then. United States Government? gotiations continuing. Interest: Steel screens for Lake City Ord­ I hope and ul'ge that tomorrow in his Interest: Subcontractor for ordnance, sup­ nance plant--urgently needed. Also sup­ important broadcast on the state of the plying hot rolled steel to Motor Generator Co. plies machine-tool plants at Springfield and Nation President Roosevelt will speak Armbruster Manufacturing Co., Springfield, Windsor, in Vermont, and Fort Ethan Allen with firmness and with crystal clarity to m.: and Plattsburg Barracks. tte effect that this Government will not Strike: May 16, 1941, of 86 (C. I. 0.). Eagle Iron Works, St. Louis, Mo.: tolerate further interference by strikes Issues: Union shop and wage increases. Strike: May 19, 19~. of 28 American Fed­ Status: Commissioner White on the case. eration of Labor iron workers, shopmen. or from any source whatsoever in our Interest: 5,000 tents for Quartermaster Issue: Closed shop. own defense efforts and our aid to Eng­ Corps. Status: Unauthorized strike just received. land. If he does this he will speak in the Arrow Tool & Reamer Co., Detroit, Mich.: No further report at prese~t. majesty of our Republic, and with the Strike: May 1, 1941, of 60 United Automo­ Interest: Manufacturers of structural steel support of an overwhelming majority of bile Workers (C. I. 0.). used in the sulfuric acid concentration our citizens. If he says, 'Strikes in de­ Issues: Wage increases. building at Weldon Springs Ordnance Plant, Status: Commissioner Rye and 0 . .P. M. fense industries mu~t stop," I predict that Missouri. labor consultant on case; conference May 26, Feiner & Sons, Inc., New York City: such strikes will stop. 1941. Strike: May 2, 1941, of 60 United Construc­ If our Nation is to be united in this Interest: Cutting tools for Springfield tion Workers (C. I. 0.). crisis in our history we must first be Armory and Watervliet Arsenal. Issues: Closed shop and wage increases. united at home, and united to control, Auto Specialties Manufacturing Co., St. Status: Commissioner reports deadlock in by whatever strong measures may be Joseph, Mich;: negotiations. - 4402 CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MA.Y 26

Interest: Subcontractor for Signal Corps Interest: Company is important contractor . Status: Commissioner on - case~ subcommit­ supplying mountings and antenna brackets for Air Corps and ordnance, manufacturing . tees of each group meeting jointly to submit for radio equipment. telescopes, mounts, and sights. (Checking proposal May 23, 1941. General Tire & Rubber Co., Wabasli, Ind.: report that this walk-out does not affect Interest: Lumber. Strike: May 20, 1941, of 50 rubber workers ·above contracts.) Twin District Council, Seattle, Wash.: (A. F. of L.) . Monsanto Chemical Co., Monsanto, Ill.: Strike: May 10, 1941, -of 8,000 woodworkers Issue: Union recognition. Strike: April 16, 1941 of 900 chemical work· (C. I. 0.). Status: Settlement imminent. ers (A. F. of L.). . Issues: Wages, union status. Interest: Contracts for gas masks substan­ Issues: Qnion status and wage increases. Status: Certified to National Defense Meci~­ tially completed. Status: Union refused maintenance men ation Board ·May 9, 1941. Meeting held May Griess-Pfleger Tanning Co., Waukegan, Til.: admittance into plant. Steps being taken 19, 1941 . Strike: April 16, 1941, of 600 leather work- to insure safety of plant and materials. Interest: Lumber. ers (C. I. 0 .). - · Interest: 56,000 pounds phosphorus for Vulcan Proofing Co., Brooklyn, N.Y.: Issue: Wage increases. Chemical Warfare Service. Strike: May 7, 1941, of 350 U. M. W. A. Status: Commissioner Holmes on case. Phoenixville Iron Works, Phoenlxvlllc, (C. I. 0.) . Deadlock continues. Pa.: Issues: Wages and recognition. Interest: Leather to five companies having Strike: May 14, 1941 of 1,000 Steel Work­ Status: 0. P. M. industry and labor con­ Q. M. C. shoe contracts. ers Organizing Committee (C. I. 0.). sultants on case. Meeting to be held May Hall Sheet Metal Co., Cleveland, Ohio: Issues: Union recognition and wages. 23, .1941. Strike: May 14, 1941, of 236 U. A. W. Status: Company and union have agreed Intere:;t: Subcontractor manlJ.facturing (C. I. 0 .) to release large quantities of fabricated steel. rubber cement and rubberized material for Issues: Wages and job classifications. No immediate danger of shortage for St. ·Monarch Coat Co. and Sigmund Eisner Co.,. Status: Commissioner holding conferences. George ·Bridge. · havfng Quartermaster Corps contracts for Interest: Indirect source of supply for Interest: Structural steel.. Supplies mate­ ~ raincoats. Fifty percent of plant was de- ordnance. Supplies Cleveland Bobbing Ma­ rial for St. George bridge in Delaware oeing voted to Government orders. chine Co.; now holding up shipment of shell built by Army engineers at cost of $1,350,000. Willipa Harbor Lumber Mills, Raymond, machines an.d gear cutter& for that company. Watervliet Arsenal contract with J. C. Moyer Wash.: , - Hercules Powder Co., Radford, Va. & Co., for structural steel and crane-ways Strike: May 16, 1941, of 1,700 woodworkers Strike: May 22, 1941, of 225 electricians. bein:; delayed; Phoenixville is subcontractor - (C. I. 0.) Issue: Wage increase. for Moyer. Issues; Wages, contract terms. status: Conference, May 23, 1941. _ Ravenna Ordnance Plant, Ravenna, Ohio: Status: No details since report of strike. Interest: _Construction of explosives plant. Strike: May 21, 1941 of 6,800 American Interest: Lumber. C G. Hussey & Co .. Pittsburgh, Pa.: Federation of Labor iaborers. Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., Indiana Strike: May 20, 1941, of 700 American Fed­ Issues: Wages . Harbor, Ind.: .eration of Labor and independent copper Status: Contractor dismissing men who Strike: May 20, 1941, of 625 S. W. 0. C. workers. _refused to discontinue unauthorized strike; . (C. I. 0.). ~ Issues:. Union recognition and grievances. is now · rehiring qualified workers at a fast Issues: Grievances. Status: Commissioner Moffett assigned to ·rate; -complete operations expected by May Status: ·Commissioner Cofer on the case. the case. __ 26 1941. Joint conferences May· 23, 1941; company-to Interest: Important supplier of copper. Interest: Construction of explosives plant submit proposal. _ 0. P. M. industrial con­ .Seventy-five percent of all material manufac­ for Ordnance. . sultant on the case. tured is for facilities holding defense con- ReUance Manufacturing po., Michigan City, OTHER STRIKES NOT INCLUDED IN· TODA"l['S tracts. · Columbus, and Washington, Ind.: J FIGURES LaFayette worsted and Spinning Co., Woon­ Strike: April 28, 1941 of 1,200 Amalgamated· socket. R. I.: California packers: . Clothing Workers (C. I. 0.) and United Gar­ Strike May 8, 1941, and Ma; 9, 1941, of Strike: May 9, 1941 of 315 independent ment Workers (A. F. of L.). textile workers. packers and canners in California. Strike is Issues: Union status. delaying shipments of foodstuffs ordered by Issue: Contract terms. Status: Commissioner Cofer holding con­ Status: Commissioner Weinstock on case, the Quartermaster Corps, but delay is not ferences. No details of progress. considered serious at this time. all points agreed on but closed shop, meet­ Interest: 190.000 pairs cotton drawers for ings continue. National Carloading Co., ~ittsburgh, Pa.: Quartermaster Corps at Michigan City plant; _ Strike May 15, 1941; of 125 railway clerks for Interest: Subcontractor for Princeton Wor- 90,000 cotton duck trousers at Col:lmbus sted Mills and for Verdun Manufacturing · wages. Strike is interfering with shipment _plant. · of fans for Tru-fiow to be used by National · Co. LaFayette produces yarn for cloth manu­ Shampaine Co., St. Louis, Mo.: . facturec by these companies for Q. M. C. Tube Co. in the manufacture of shells. Ar­ Strike: May 20, 1941 of 131 Steel Workers rangements being made for release of these , contracts. . Organizing Committee (C. I. 0.). Louisville Tin & Stove Co., Louisyille, Ky.: fans. Woqd patterns for Oilwell Supply Co., Strike: May 21, 1941 of 225 A. F. of L. Issues: New contract. Oil City, Pa., also being held up. This mate- _workers. Status: Commissioner to enter case on the . ria~ ·carries· an A-1-a preference rating for Issues: Wages and closed shop. week:md; company offering proposal and machine parts and equipment on ordnance Status: Company firm in opposing closed union membership to vote May 23, 1941 contracts. _shop, has offered wage increase. Interest: Manufactures hospital equipment Phillips Petroleum Co., Kansas-City, Kans.: for Medical Corps. Interest: Quartermaster Corps miscellane­ Strike May 19, 19411 of operating engineers ous cooking equipment. Sivyer Steel Casting Co., Chicago, lll.: (A. F. of L.). Company reported making gas Madison Woolen Co., Madison, Maine: Strike: May 23, 1941 of 250 United Auto­ . and oil products for defense industries. War Strike: May 12. 1941 of 410 textile workers mobile Workers (C. I. 0.). Department interest not yet ascertained. (C. I. 0.). Issues: Wages, closed shop, and vacations. Rock Island Sash & Door Workers, Rock Issue: Contract terms. Status: Commissioner arranging confer­ Island, Ill.: Status: Negotiations continuing. ences. Strike May 8, 1941, of 595 A. F. of L. car­ Interest: Subcontractor for suiting cloth Interest: ·Manufacturing castings for Inter­ -penters. Report of $100,000 defense orders to · on large Quartermaster Corps contracts. national Harvester for limber and gun car­ be. filled as yet unverified in this office. Maisel Co., Brooklyn, N. Y.: riages 155 mm. high-speed adapters; also cast­ Titan Valve & Manufacturing Co., Cleve­ Strike: May 9, 1941 of 33 textile workers ings for Allis-Chalmers who is making craw:er land, Ohio: (C. I. 0.). tractors for Ordnance. Important subcon­ Strike May 20, 1941, of 60 machinists over Issues: Wages and improved working con­ tractor for Navy. piece work. War Department interest not yet ditions. Stevens Walden Inc., Wooster, Mass. ascertained. Status: Commissioner went on case ·May Strike: Date unascertained of 80 out of 175 NEW STRIKES REPORTED MAY 23, 1941 17. 1941. employees (all out at first but one-half are Auto Specialties, St. Joseph, Mich. Interest:._Quartermaster Corps contract for reported back to_work). . Eagle Iron Works, St. Louis, Mo. 65,000 pillows. Issues: Discharge of 5 employees. C. G. Hussey, Pittsburgh, Pa. Minneapolis Honeywell Regulator Co., Min­ · Status: Sympathy strike; no detailed re­ Shampaine Co., St. Louis, Mo. neapolis, Minn.: port as yet. Sivyer Steel Castings, Chicago, Ill. Strike: May 21, 1941, of 200 United Elec­ Interest: Manufactures rifie barrels and Stevens Walden, Inc., Worcester, Mass. cartridge holders for Ordnance; also mis­ trical, Radio, and Machine Workers of Amer­ - SETTLED CASES REPORTED MAY 23, -1941 ica (C. I. 0.) out of 2,000. cellimeous orders for Frankford Arsenal and Issu·e: Suspension of one worker for dis- Newport Naval Torpedo. Station. Midwest Glove Co., Chicago, Ill. . ciplinary measures. (Union voted to return Tide Water Boom Operators, Tacoma, Star Metal Manufacturing Co., Philadel­ to work May 22, 1941, company says it will ~ Wa_sh.: · · phie, Pa. not open plant until assured no further Strike: May 18, 1941, Of 500 WOOdWOrkerS MOST IMMEDIATE DANGER (THREATENED STRIKES) trouble will result.) . (C •. I.-0.). ---- · . Bendix Aviation Corporation, South Bend, Status: See· parenthesis above. Issues: Wages, union status. - 1 _ Ind.: Manufactures aviation carburetors and ·1941 :CONGRESSIONAL RECORD_:_SENATE 4403 . parts for Air Corps. · Union met May ·20, 1941, ment is not reached at conferences, C. I. 0. skids and requires only 6 to -10 yards to come . to act on terms of settleme.nt. Negotiations .threatens to strike. to a stop. Obviously this increases the diffi­ proceeding before the Board.. Dead line set Gager Lime Co., Sherwood, Tenn.: Impor­ culty of defense, since the glider can swoop for May 29, 1941. (This case certified before tant source of supply for lime to large defense 'down upon terrain impossible for troop .N.D. ·M. B. May 7, 1941.) , contractors; also Wolf Creek Ordnance Plant, 'planes, which require a level landing space of Dow Chemical Co., Midland. Mich.: Manu­ Milan, Tenn . . Threatening to strike on May some 300 yards. The threat of "strings" of factures magnesium; leading manufacturer in 25, 1941 . gliders, each carrying at least six or eight the country of this critical item. Strike Kilby Steel, Anniston, Ala.: Company is men, fully armeu, each landing almost at · threatened on issue of union recognition. prime contractor for ordnance, manufactur­ will in pastures or backyards, must of neces­ . Commissioner Rye on the case and 0. P. M. ing .90 mm. M58 shell; and for Navy, manu­ sity spread out the defense. Under these industry consultant; N. L. R. B ." to start facturing star mine sweepers. Union de· conditions, . indeed, defense must literally hearings May 26, 1941; ele(}tion probably w111 manding wage increases. Probable strike, cover the entire countryside. be held in JunP; little likelihood of a strike May 27. This is not to say that Britain is not pre­ ·prior to that time. McQuay-Norris, Connersville, Ind.: Manu­ pared for glider attack. After the fall of North American Aviation Corporation, Los factures -engine compressor rings for Air Holland and Belgium the British press was _Angeles, Cl'tli1.: ManufactUrers for trainers Corps. The union ratified company proposal full of conjectures about a glider invasion, . and bombers for Air Corps and British. ·and accepted wage increase. Case is settled, and a defense system was rearranged .in the C. I. 0 . demanding wage increase. Case cer­ May 21, 1941. light of such a contingency. Presumably, the tified to N. D M. B. May 22, 1941. May 23, Joseph Stokes Rubber Co., Trenton, N. J.: home defense is confident that if an invasion 1941, C. I. 0 . voted all day, beginning at Subcontractor for ordnance; manufactures attempt is made and Nazi gliders sift past .- 2:30 a. m., to. decide whether to call a strike 8,000 contai.ners for MS tanks and half-track the R. A. F., Britons on the ground will take . Wednesday, May 28, 1941. carriers; prime contractor, American Car & care of the invaders before they have a · Schleuter Manufacturing Co., St. Louis, Foundry Co., urgently in need of these con­ chance to consolidate their positions. 'But Mo.: Manufactures antitank mines for Ord­ tainers. Wage controversy. Union has called Britain, like Crete, possesses sparsely settled . nance. This plant struck April 25 and went a strike vote. areas. Though it should be a good deal easier back to work April 30, 1941 . Negotiations · Western Cartridge, St. Louis, Mo.: Supplies to isolate invaders there than in Crete, where under way since close of strike have now cartridges to Frankford Arsenal; dispute cen­ the resisting force is less well organized, the :resulted in a deadlock on issue of wages. ters in the powder mill, involving 400 chemi­ job calls for extraordinary integration of de­ A strike here prior to .June 5, 1941, would not cal workers (A. F. of L.). N. L. R. B. decision fense, not merely sheer bravery on the part of seriously affect Ordnance contracts. How­ _provides for election in 30 days. Probable the few who may happen to be within firing . ever, after June 5 production would be af­ strike on Monday. May 22, 1941: Company distance. No doubt the instructions which . fected, insofar as material for the contract -refused to provide pay. roll, thus delaying have been dispensed among the people of will be available at that time. N. L. R. B. election. Union claims .discrimi­ Britain since the invasion of Crete have such . Sealed Power Corporation, Muskegon, natory discharge of two members. an integration in view. Mich.: Manufactu1es pistons· and ·rings for J. H. Williams Co., Buffalo, N.Y.: Very im­ ·Air Corps, Ordnance, and Q. M. C. Strike portant contractor for drop forgings and tools. Mr. McCARRAN. .1\lr. President, on vote taken; r.o date set. Keenan, of 0 . P.M., · Union considering wage· offer.· Agreement .May. 10, 1940, Hitler's legions invaded 'investigating. Joint conference for May 29. subject to ratification May 23, 1941. Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxem­ ·. Soft coal: John L. Lewis threatens to call -burg without warning, using every wea­ ·out 300,000 to 400,000 soft-coal miners again SETTLED DISPUTES pon at his· command, including gliders. unless current negotiations with southern Combustion Engineering Co., Chattanooga, This was the first use of gliders in war­ operators .culminate in . a satisfactory wage Tenn. _ -fare, and gliders arP. probably the secret agreement. Parties returned to N. D. M. B. McQuary, Norris Co., - Connersville, Ind. May 23. 1941 W. H. SADLER, weapon the Germans referred to as hav­ Lieutenant Colonel, United States ing been used in that campaign. The OTHER SERIOUS THREATS . Army; Chief, Labor Section. gliders used were capable of carrying, Aluminum Co. of America (three plants­ and did carry, six fully-equipped Ger­ St. Louis, Mo., Massena, N. Y., and· Mobile, MILITARY USE OF GLIDERS man soldiers, ammunition, tommy guns, ·Ala.) : Vital ore plant. Federal ' conciliators Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I and a supply of hand grenades. They and international president of union on the ask to have printed in the RECORD at this were towea in trains of eight by an old cas~. Company to answer union proposals. · American Aluminum Co., Los Angeles, point, in connection with some remarks transport airplane, and upon reaching Calif.: Alummum metal for Air · Corps. I now propose to make, an editorial from the vicinity of their respective objectives 'Awaiting outcome of N. L. R. B. election, held the Washington Post of May 26, 1941, they detached· themselves one by one, 'April 30, 1941. entitled "Ready for Gliders." circled while dropping hand grenades to E. W. Bliss Co., Brocklyn, N.Y .. Prime con­ There being no objection, the editorial make sure that there was no resistance, tractor for Ordnance for presses ($217,000) was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, dispersed any resistance not already and for small-arms ammunition machinery driven away with the tommy guns each ($10,000,000) for · Lake City, Denver, and as follows: St. Louis Ordnance plants; Navy and British (From the Washingtop Post of May 26, 1941] carried, and landed-groups of six fully also have contracts. Certified to N. D. M. B. armed men. It was by means of gliders May 22, 1941 0. P. M.'s Carey met May 22, READY FOR GLIDERS that the Albert Canal, the Eben Emael 1941, with union i.eaders to defer strike action Had the late Frank Hawks, holder of many forts, and certain bridgeheads were taken 'pendir.g Board decision. air-speed records, been around last week, he in Belgium. Busch-Sulzer Diesel Engineering Co., St. would have four.d one of his pet theories Last week the Germans attacked the Louis,.l\40.: Company is prime contractor for translated into dramatic, terrifying action. island of Crete, using every means at ordnance, manufacturing Diesel-driven gen- For the Nazi use of transport-drawn gliders their disposal, and again using gliders. 6rating units. -Strike not affecting Ordnance 1n Crete as an accompaniment of "vertical Department at this time, but Navy contracts envelopment," or attack from the skies, is The gliders used in this attack, ac­ are seriously affected. It was certified on the adaptation of a technique which the cording to information available, are May 3, 1941, but the Board (N.D. M. B.r re­ American ace, among others, advocated 11 giants, each capable of carrying eight Cused it .on the ground that it was a jurisdic­ years ago. ·· In the spring of 1930 Hawks fully armed soldiers, machine guns tional dispute involving two unions and not crossed the country in a glider towed by a and; or light camion, hand grenades, and _employer versus employees. Attempts are Waco plane. He was bent on showing the so forth, and each weighing approxi­ being made to have machinists perform the military poss~bilities of gliding, both in train­ mately 1,800 pounds. The wingspread work in dispute and thus end the strike. ing airmen and in transporting troops and Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria, Ill.: Manu­ material. Nothing much came of the stunt, of these gliders is reported as approxi­ factures tractors for ordnance. F. E. W. 0. c; though it may have boosted interest in glid­ mately 85 feet, length of fuselage 39 feet, planning to take strike vote this week; main ing for sport, and doubtless was followed with wing loading about 7 pounds per square issue of dispute is union recognition and interest in Berlin. At any rate, the German foot, stalling speed 42 miles per hour, wages Special Commissioner Haas returning glider attack on Crete shows -that for years sinking speed 4 feet per second, landing to case May 21 , 1941. · the Germans must have been indulging in speed 25-30 miles per hour, and landing Electro Metallurgical Co., Alloy, W. Va.: the most intense experimentation with run about 18 to 25 feet. Each glider has Supplies steel companies with ferro-manga­ gliders. two wheels, one on each side of the fuse­ nese, manufactures 75 percent of total ton­ It is plain from what is happening in lage, and these wheels are retractable. nage of alloys for the entire country. A. F. Ct:ete that Brit~;tin's home defenders must be 'of L. is contesting N. L. R. B. decision which prepared to meet and repel Germany's lat­ Wheels are used for take-off only, the named C. I. 0 . as sole bargaining agent. If est scheme for getting the necessary men landing being made on a center skid. 'A. F. of L. can submit evidence, N. L. R. B. and equipment on the 'ground as quickly as Such gliders, towed to a height of 20,000 · ·wm hold hearing; C. I. 0. asking for confer­ possible. The glider has a distinct advantage feet, could make a free glide of from 70 ·ence witli company May 23, 1941. · If agree- over the troop transport in that it lands on to 100 miles without trying- to take LXXXVII--278 4404 CONGRESSIONAL RECORb~SENATE MAY 2Q advantage of rising air currents. This pensated services of any person and to utilize, ment of S. 290. a bill which would establish a means that such gliders could be towed without additional compensation, the serv­ Civilian Glider Pilot Training Division in the ices of such consultants and research assist­ Civil Aeronautics Authority, the functions of to a height of only 10,000 feet and half­ ants as may be, at the request of the Admin­ which would be to sponsor formation of glider way between Greece and Crete before istrator of Civil Aeronautics assigned for that clubs in high schools, colleges, and universl• being released, and they could finish the purpose by any department or establishment ties; furnish specifications and directions for journey safely and soundlessly with their of the United States. construction of gliders and sailplanes; in­ deadly load. Such loads would be even (c) The Director Is authorized to make spect, license, and furnish gliding and soaring more deadly if dispatched in the dark­ such expenditures as may be necessary for instruction to at least two members of eacJ:i. ness of night, as some of them were. the exercise and performance of the duties club; examine and license glider and sail• and functions provided for by this act, in­ plane pilots; conduct research and investiga• Mr. President, I send to the desk a bill cluding expenditures for (1) rent and per­ tions with respect to meanc and methods of introduced by me on January 10, 1941, sonal services at the seat of government and promoting aviation; furnish information and entitled "A bill to establish a Civilian elsewhere; (2) travel expenses for officers and assistance and provide plans and material for Glider Pilot Training Division in the employees of the Glider Pilot Training Divi­ instruction in aeronautics; stimulate inter• Civil Aeronautics Authority, and for sion; (3) office furniture, equipment, sup­ est in aviation; collect statistical data on oc• other purposes," and I ask unanimous plies, newspapers, periodicals, and books of cupational opportunities in the field of avia• reference; and (4) printing and binding. tion; prepa¥e and distribute material for ex­ consent that the bill be printed in the SEc. 3. There is hereby authorized to be RECORD at this point in my remarks. tension courses, and such other functions as appropriated for the fiscal year 1942 the sum are necessary incident to promoting education There being no objection, the bill nts of compensation so made. the Senator from Colorado [Mr. JoHN­ the nautical school at the port of San H. B. WILSON SON] offered the Senate bill as a substi­ Francisco was considered, ordered to be tute for the House bill, and I, at that engrossed for a third reading, read the The bill (H. R. 2426) for the relief of stage of the proceedings, asked that the third time, and passed, as follows: H. B. Wilson was considered, ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and measures go over under objection. Be it enacted, etc., That the first section I have today given notice of a motion of the act entitled "An act for the estab­ passed. to reconsider the vote whereby Senate lishment of marine schools, and for other J. W. AND ROBERT W. GILLESPIE bill 860 was substituted for House bill purposes," approved March 4, 1911. as The Senate proceeded to consider the 2475. amended, is amended by adding at the end bill (H. R. 1976) for the relief of J . W. In view of the meager attendance in the thereof the following new paragraph: "The port of San Francisco specified in and Robert W. Gillespie, which had been Senate today, and the fact that the Sen­ the first paragraph of this section shall be reported from the Committee on Claims ator from Colorado is not ori the floor at construed as embracing, in addition to the with amendments, on page 1, line 6, after ·the moment, I do not desire to have the city of San Francisco, any city, town, mu­ the words "sum of" where they first occur motion considered and acted upon now, nicipality, or other locality on the San Fran­ to strike out "$1,000" and insert "$500", but, at the first time we have a call of cisco Bay or the San Pablo Bay or waters the calendar, when there is a better at­ tributary thereto." · and in the same line, after the words "sum of", where they occur ~or the second tendance, I shall ask that action be taken, CHARLES R . WOODS because I do not want to delay the meas­ time, to strike out "$1,200" and insert ure conferring upon the heads of the The bill and no minutes, five hundred amount of money due him under his seconds, one hundred and eighty-seven and fifty feet along same to a pipe; thence sev­ earned leave, or he may let it stand and forty one-hundredths feet along the same to enteen degrees and no minutes, nine hun­ avail himself of the money when he pipe; then-:e thirteen · degrees thirty-four dred fifty fet:lt along same to a pipe; thence minutes thirty seconds, two hundred and twenty-two degrees forty minutes and no comes out of the service. The bill does sixty-one and sixty one-hundredths feet along seconds, one thousand one hundred thirty not involve any additional expense to the the same to pipe; thence eleven degrees feet along f:ame to a pipe; thence eleven de­ Government. twenty-nine minutes thirty seconds, one hun­ grees and no minutes, one thousand seven Mr. DANAHER. Does it mean that his dred and eighty-four and ten one-hundredths hundred thirty feet along same to a pipe; salary runs on while he is in the service? feet along the same to pipe: thence sixteen thence twenty-two degrees and no minutes, Mr. SCHWARTZ. Ob, no. At the time degrees seven minutes thirty seconds. two six hundred seventy feet along same to a he goes into the service he · may have hundred and twelve and ten one-hundredths pipe; thence three hundred forty-one de­ 30 days' earned leave. The bill simply feet along the same to pipe; thence one_hun­ grees and no minutes, one thousand six hun­ provides that he may receive the com­ dred and sixty--nine degrees nineteen min­ dred eighty feet along same to a pipe; then_ce ut~s twenty-four seconds, four thousand two twenty-five O·grees ten minutes and no sec­ pensation for that earned leave, or he hundred and forty-three and thirty-five one­ onds, six hur.dred thirty feet along same to may let it stand until· he gets back into hundredths feet along the remainder of a pipe; thence eighty degrees and no minutes, the civilian service and then have the Hickam Field Military Reservation to the five hundred forty feet along same to the sea­ benefit of it. boundary of Land Court Application 1074; shore at highwater mark, passing over a pipe Mr. DANAHER. I thank the Senator. thence two hundred and seventy degrees no at four hundred ~ighty feet; thence along The PRESIDING OFFICER. The minutes and no seconds, one thousand and the seashore at highwater mark in a general question is the engrossment and third forty-nine and fifteen one-hundredths feet northerly direction to the southwest corner along Land Cou!'t Application 1074 to a spike; of Mana P to provide for coop­ division thereof, person, association, com­ land records of Montgomery County, Md., in eration with Central American republics pany, or corporation, municipal or private, liber 719, folio 49. in the construction of the Inter-American shall undertake to procure, for the purpose Parcel "B'': One thousand two hundred and Highway was considered, ordered to be of conveying the same to the United States seventy-four ten-thousandths of an acre, more engrossed· for a third reading, read the free of cost, any land or interests therein, or less, being par~-- of a tract containing 42.5 which the War Department may be author­ acres, conveyed to the United States of Amer­ third time, and passed, as follows: ized by law to acquire, and shall be unable ica by the Columbia Park Co. by deed dated Be it enacted, etc., That there is hereby for any reason to obtain the same by pur­ December 14, 1938, recorded among the land authorized to be appropriated the sum not chase and acquire a valid title thereto, the records of Montgomery County, Md., in liber to exceed $20,000,000 to enable the United Secretary of War may, in his discretion, 721, folio 331. States to cooperate with the governments of cause proceedings to be instituted in the Parcels designated "A," "B," and "C" as the American republics situated in Central name of the United States for the acquisition shown on plan 2269-1, entitled "Right-of­ America-that is, with the Governments of by condemnation of said land or interests Way Plan of Jones Bridge Road (United the Republics of Costa Rica, El Salvador, therein, and it shall be the duty of the At­ States Naval Medical Center, Montgomery Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Pan­ torney General of the United States to insti­ County, Md.)" of the records of said com­ ama-in the survey and construction of the tute and conduct such proceedings upon the mission, said parcels being more particularly proposed Inter-American Highway within the request of the Secretary of War: Provided, described as follows: borders of the aforesaid republics. Expendi­ That all expenses of said proceedings and any Parcel A: Three and five one-thousandths tures of such sums 1n any such country shall award that may be made thereunder shall acres, more or less, being a strip of land fifty be subject to the receipt of a request therefor be paid by the said State or political subdi­ feet wide at the southern edge of the parcel and of satisfactory assurances from the gov­ vision thereof, person, association, company, acquired by the United States of America ernment of that country that appropriate or corporation, to secure which payment the from George E. Hamilton and wife by deed commitments have been made by such gov­ Secretary of War may require the said State dated November 9, 1938, recorded among the ernment to assume at least one-third of the or political subdivision thereof, person, asso­ land records of Montgomery County, Mary­ expenditures proposed to be incurred hence­ ciation, company, or corporation to execute a land, in liber 719, folio 53. forth by that country and by the United proper bond in such amount as he may deem Parcel B: One and five hundred and twen­ States in the survey and construction of such necessary before said proceedings are com­ ty-seven one-thousandths acres, more or less, highway within the borders of such country. menced. being a strip of land comprising the southern In no such country shall the expenditures of edges of the parcels acquired by the United this Government from the appropriations The amendment was agreed to. States of America from the Columbia Park herein authorized exceed two-thirds of the The bill was ordered to be engrossed Company and Ellen MacPherson Legg by total expenses henceforth· incurred for said for a third reading, read the third time, deeds dated December 14, 1938, and January survey and construction in that country. No and passed. 27, 1939, recorded among the land records of expenditures shall be made hereunder for the The title was amended so as to read: Montgomery County, Maryland, in liber 721, construction of said highway until the gov­ "A bill to authorize the condemnation of folio 331, and liber 723, folio 477, respectively. ernment of each of the above-named coun­ Parcel C: Nine hUndred and ninety-five tries shall have given satisfactory assurance lands or interests therein, which the War one-thousandths of an acre, more or less, to the United States that it will assume at Department may be authorized· by law being an irregUlar strip of land near the least one-third of the expenditures proposed to acquire, at the expense of States or southern edges of the lands acquired by the to be incurred henceforth by that govern­ political subdivisions thereof, persons, United States of America from George E. ment and by the United States in the survey associations, compa~ies, or corporations." Hamilton and wife, Margaret Coolidge, and 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4411 Ellen MacPherson Legg by deeds dated No­ entific education and research, to enable such the construction of a bridge across the vember 9, 1938, December 8, 1938, and Janu­ persons to acquire advanced and specialized Susquehanna River at or near the city of· ary 27, 1939, recorded among the land records knowledge or training of particular advantage Millersburg, Pa., and to authorize its con­ of Montgomery Couhty, Maryland, in liber to the Navy in carrying ou.t its functions: 719, folio 53, liber 724, folio 404, and liber 723, Provided, That the expense to the Federal struction by the Dauphin County, Penn­ folio 477, respectively: Government hereby authorized to be incurred sylvania Authority, was considered, or­ Provided, That when and in the event the shall be limited to the salaries, transporta­ dered to a third reading, read the third aforesaid parcels "A," "B,", and "C,'' as shown tton expenses, and tuition (including labora­ time, and passed. on said plan 2269-1, are no longer used as a. tory fees, materials, and necessary textbooks) roadway the title to said parcels shall revert of the employees so detailed. CORONADO INTERNATIONAL MEMORIAL, to the United States: Provided further, That ARIZONA in .consideration of the foregoing transfer by ATTENDANCE OF MARINE BAND AT CON­ VENTION OF G. A. R., COLUMBUS, OHIO The Senate proceeded to ·consider the the Secretary of the Navy, the Maryland­ bill

Mr. GEORGE. That ls my under­ Mr. O'MAHONEY. The reservation Now therefore, the Go~ernments of the standing. was made by the United States? American Republics have decided to conclude Mr. GEORGE. Yes; on the part of the present Convention, which will be signed Mr. BONE. It does no~ include the in the manner provided by article XVI, in right to do business, which I suspect is the United States. order to give form to said recommendations something we might not be able to im­ Mr. O'MAHONEY. Then our repre­ and purposes, and have agreed to the follow­ pose on the States, for they have their sentatives are asking us to approve a ing: own laws. reservation which merely says, "We want The contracting Governments hereby agree Mr. GEORGE. I do not think it is it clearly understood that these foreign to elucidate the problems affecting the lndian intended by the protocol to do that. corporations may sue or be sued without groups within their respective jurisdictions. Whether any corporation is permitted and to cooperate with one another, on a bas:s complying with State laws." of mutual respect for the inherent rights of to do business in a State is, of course, Mr. GEORGE. Without registering. each to exercise absolute liberty in solving subject to State regulation, as long as the Mr. O'MAHONEY. Registration is a the "Indian Problem" in America, by means regulation is valid under the Constitu­ requirement of State law. of periodical meetings, by means of an Inter­ tion. Mr. GEORGE. The reservation is lim­ American Indian Institute and of National I understand the Senator from Wyo­ ited to registrati0n. Indian Institutes, whose organization and ming wishes to have the matter go over. Mr. O'MAHONEY. Under the circum­ functioning shall be governed by this Con­ I was simply interested at this time in stances, since it is clear that there is not vention in accordance with the following seeing if the reservations or under­ articles: very much understanding with respect ARTICLE I standings offered in the form of amend­ to the meaning and effect of the proto­ ment to the protocol could be acted col, I feel that the whole matter should Organizations upon. I should like to have them acted go over. The Contracting States shall seek to achieve upon. Mr. GEORGE. Very well, Mr. Presi­ performance of the aims and purposes set The PRESIDING OFFICER. The dent. I shall move to take it up at the out in the preamble hereof, by means of the question is on agreeing to the under­ following organizations: next executive session and proceed with 1. An Inter-American Indian Conference. standings to the resolution of ratifica­ it until we dispose of it. . 2. An Inter-American Indian Institute, tion. Mr. O'MAHONEY. I shall have no ob­ managed by a Governing Board. Mr. O'MAHONEY. Mr. President, may jection at that time. 3. National Indian Institutes. the understandings be stated again? Mr. GEORGE. The Senator from In­ In its own right, every State may be repre­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The un­ diana [Mr. VAN NuYs] has now returned sented at the Conference and on the Govern­ derstandings will be read. to the Chamber. However, I ask that the ing Board of the Institute. The legislative clerk read as follows: whole mattei go over again, giving notice ARTICLE n 1. It is understood that the companies de­ that at the next executive session I shall Inter-American· Indian Conference scribed in the declaration shall be per­ move to proceed to consider it. mitted to sue or defend suits of any kind, 1. The General Conference shall be held Rt The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without intervals not exceeding four years. The without the requirement of registration or objection, the protocol will be passed domestication. seat of the Conference and the date at which 2. It is further understood that the Gov­ over. each Congress is to meet shall be determined ernment of the United States of America THE INTER-AMERICAN 1NDIAN INSTITUTE by the preceding Conference. However. the may terminate the obligations arising under date scheduled for a meeting may be ad­ The Senate, as in Committee of the vanced or postponed by the Organizing Gov­ the Declaration at any time after 12 months' notice given in advance. Whole, proceeded to consider the Con­ ernment, at the request of five or more of the vention, Executive B, Seventy-seventh participating governments. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Congress, first session, providing for the 2. The government of the nation consti­ question is on agreeing to the under­ creation of an Inter-American Indian tuting the seat of the Conference, heremafter standings. referred to as the "Organizing Government". Institute, signed at Mexico City, Novem­ shall fix the place and final date of the meet­ Mr. O'MAHONEY. Mr. President, it ber 29, 1940, by representatives of this ing; said Government shall likewise extend seems to me the understandings read by Government and the governments of invitations to the Conference through the the clerk constitute a concession to the seven other American republics, which proper diplomatic channels at least six foreign corporation and are not in any was read the second time, as follows: months in advance, sending therewith the degree a reservation of American rights. respective Agenda. Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, if the CONVENTION PROVIDING FOR CREATION OF THE 3. The Conference shall be composed of Senator would read the protocol I think INTER-AMERICAN INDIAN INSTITUTE delegates appointed by the member govern­ all his fears might be dispelled. I am not The Governments of t-.he American Repub­ ments and by a representative of the Pan lics, inspired by the desire to create efficient American Union. An effort shall be made t.o asking for the adoption of the protocol. include members of the National Institutes I am merely asking that the understand­ instruments for collaboration in the solution of their common problems, and recognizing and Indian members among the staff of the ings be agreed to, so the whole matter the fact that the Indian problem is a question delegations. Each member State shall have may be before the Senate when the of interest to all America; that it is desirable one vote. protocol comes up for consideration 'clearly to state lind solve said problem; 4. Persons of recognized interest in Indian again. that in many of the American nations 1t Affairs may also attend as observers, provided Mr. O'MAHONEY. If I correctly un­ offers similar and comparable aspects; the they are invited by the Organizing Govern­ derstand the reading, the reservation Governments of said republics further recog­ ment and authorized by their respective gov­ nize the fact that it is highly desirable to ernments. Such persons shall not be en­ ·weakens the position of the United titled either to speak or to vote at plenary States as it now stands. In other words, clarify, stimulate and coordinate the Indian policies of the various nations, said policies sessions and shall only be entitled to express it is a further concession by the Senate. being construed as the aggregation of desid­ their opinions through the official delegations Mr. GEORGE. I do not think so. Mr. erata, standards and measures that should be of their respective countries, but may partici­ President, may the first reservation be pate in discussion at technical committeP. applied for integral improvement of the living sessions. repeated? standards of the Indian groups of the Ameri­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The res­ cas; and whereas establishment of an Inter­ 5. The expenses of organizing and carrying American Indian Institute was recommended out the Conference shall be paid by the ervation wm be read. Organizing Government. The legislative clerk read as follows: for study, by the Eighth International Con­ ference of the American Nations, assembled ARTICLE III It is understood that the companies de­ at Lima in 1938, in the following resolution: Inter-American Indian Institute scribed in the declaration shall be permitted -That the Continental Conference on Indian to sue or defend suits of any kind, with­ Life study the advisability of establishing an 1. The first aeat of the Institute shall be out the requirement of registration or do­ Inter-American Indian Institute and, if the the capital of any American State chos:m oy mestication. occasion arises, set forth the basis for its or­ the Governing Board of the Institute The Mr. O'MAHONEY. In other words, ganization and take the necessary steps for Government of the nation accepting estab­ its immediate installation and organization; lishment of the Institute shall furnish prem­ the committee is now saying to the Sen­ and whereas the First Inter-American Indian ises suitable for the functioning and activi­ ate-- Conference that was held at Patzcuaro in ties of the Institute. Mr. GEORGE. It is not the commit­ April 1940, passed ~ resolution creating the 2. The Office of the Inter-American Indian tee. This is a reservation made by this Inter-American· Indian Institute and recom- Institute is temporarily placed under the country at the time the protocol was -mended the conclusion of a Convention to auspices of the Government of Mexico, with signed for-the United States. that end: headquarters in the City of Mexico. 4416 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MAY 26

ARTICLE IV assigned more than one unit. On the other b) It shall study and approve the p!an Functions of the Institute hand, to the countries having the largest for organization and operation of the Insti­ Indian population, namely, Bolivia, Ecuador, tute submitted to it by the Executive Com- The Institute shall have the following du­ Guatemala, Mexico and Peru, there shall be mittee. · ties and obligations, except that. it shall not assigned additional units equivalent to fifty c) It shall approve its own by-laws and have functions of a political character. per cent of those allotted to them on the regulations and those for the Committee 1. It shall act as a Standing Committee for basis of their total population, as indicated and the Institute. the Inter-American Indian Conferences, and in the attached schedule. When the seat of d) It shall submit to the consideration shall be the custodian of the reports, papers the Institute is to be in one of these five of the member Governments, through diplo­ and archives thereof. It shall cooperate in countries, the country chosen shall be as­ matic channels, any modifications it may be the execution and contribute towards the signed a surcharge of only twenty-five per desired to introduce in the functions of the fulfilment of the resolutions adopted by cent of the units. Institute. Inter-American Indian Conferences, as well a} To apply the table of quotas, the most e) It shall determine the general financial as those arising from this Convention, within recent official data in possession of the Inter­ basis of the Institute and audit its accounts, the sphere of its duties. It shall further American Indian Institute as of July first of directly or through its representatives or cooperate with the Organizing Government every year shall be taken. representatives. · in the preparation and holding of the Indian b) The Governing Board of the Inter­ f) It shall promote the assembly of In­ Conference. American Indian Institute shall change the ternational Conf-erences of experts for the 2. It shall solicit, collect, arrange and number of units to correspond to changes in study of technical problems of common in­ distribute reports on the following: the census figures. The Governing Board terest to member States; to this end it may a} Scientific investigations in regard to shall also, when it deems it necessary, change request of the respective Governments that Indian problems; · the amount of each of the 102 equal units they appoint experts to represent it at said b) Legislation, jurisprudence and adminis­ into which the budget is divided to corre­ Conferences, which shall meet at such places tration of Indian communities; spond to any change in the total amount and dates as the Governing Board may deter­ c) Activities of any institutions interested of the budget of the Institute. The Govern­ mine. 1n such groups; ing Board is also authorized to modify the ABTICLE VIII d) Material of all kinds utilizable by the distribution of units among the participat­ Executive Committee Governments as a basis for development of ing nations. policies looking to economic and social im­ 1. The Executive Committee shall be com­ c) The quota of each country shall be posed of 5 regular members. They shall be provement of living standards among In­ communicated before the 1st of August of dian communities; citizens of different countries participating each year to the member Governments, and and must be preferably persons well ac­ e) Recommendations made by the Indians should be paid by them before the 1st of themselves in regard to any matters of con­ quainted with the "Indian Problem" or well July of the following year. The quota of informed in sociological matters. Each one cern 1;o their people. each country corresponding to the first year 3. It shall initiate, direct and coordinate of the five states represented in the Execu­ shall be paid within the six months follow­ tive Committee shall appoint a substitute any scientific investigations and inquiries ing the date of ratification of this Conven­ immediately applicable to the solution of to act in the absence of the respective mem­ tion. ber. Indian problems; or such investigations and ARTICLE VI inquiries as may, even though not imme­ 2. Regular members shall be elected for a diately applicable, contribute to better Administration period of five years, and the election shall knowledge of Indian life. The Administration of the Institute shall be so arranged that their number shall be 4. Publish periodically any magazines or be entrusted to a Governing Board, an Ex­ renewed to the extent of two fifths on one such other material as it may from time to ecutive Committee and a Director, in accord­ occasion, and three fifths on the succeeding time think fit. and carry on publicity work ance with the terms set out in the following one; to this end, of the first members so by means of films, phonograph records and articles. ele~ted, three shall hold office for five years other adequate means. ARTICLE VII and the other two or three years. Both the 5. Manage the funds provided by the Governing Board permanent and the alternate members can be re-elected. American nations and accept any other con­ 1. The Governing Board shall exercise su­ tributions o{ whatever nature they may be, 3. The Pirector of the Inter-American In­ preme control over the Inter-American In­ dian Institute shall ex officio be a member from public or private sources including dian Institute. The Governing Board shall personal bervices. of the Executive Committee, and act as the be composed of one representative--pref­ Secretary of this Committee with the right 6. Cooperate in an advisory capacity with erably an expert--, and by a substitute from the Bureaus of Indian Affairs of the Ameri­ to be heard but without the right to vote. each of the member nations. 4. The Executive Powers of the Institute can Nations. 2 When any five nations shall have rati­ are vested in the Executive Committee, under 7. Cooperate with the Pan American Union fied this Convention and shall have ap­ the control and direction of the Governing and seek its cooperation for the realization pointed representatives on the Governing Board, and will, as a general rule, be exer­ of these aims common to both. Board, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the cised through the instrumentality of the 8. Create and authorize the establishment Government of Mexico shall call the first Director. of advisory technical committees, in agree­ meeting of said body. which shall thereupon 5. The Executive Committee shall have the ment with the respective Governments. proceed to elect its own Chairman and the following functions and duties to perform: 9. To promote, foster and coordinate the Director of the Institute. a} To decide on the general plan or pro­ training of men and women experts devoted 3. One year after the Governing Board has gram for the wor-k of the Institute. to the problems of the Indian. thus been organized, it shall hold a Special b) To draw up the Institute's annual 10. To encourage the exchange of tech­ Meeting for the pcrpose of electing the per­ budget, to determine the remuneration for .nicians, experts or advisers in matters affect­ manent Executive Committee, in the manner the staff and the terms of retirement and ing Indians. set forth in paragraph 2, Article VTII. The pensions for the latter. 11. Discharge such other functions as may members of the Executive Committee during c) To appoint special commissions that be allotted to it by Inter-American Indian the aforesaid one year period n.s well as those shall be charged with the study of any mat­ Conferences, or by the Governing Board, in of the permanent Executive Committee shall ters coming within their purview. the exercise of the powers conferred upon be ex officio members of the Governing Board. d) To authorize the publications of the the latter by this Convention. The Director of the Institute shall serve as Institute. · ARTICLE V Secretary of the Governing Board. e) To submit an annual report to the 4. Votes' in the Governing Board and participating States, on the progress of the Maintenance and resources of the Institute Executive Committee shall be by countries, work and on the revenue and expenditures 1. The patrimony and the resources of the Each country shall have a single vote. of any kind of the Institute; a similar report Inter-American Indian Institute for its main­ 5. Delegates representing a simple ma­ shall be laid before every ordinary meeting tenance shall consist of the annual quotas jority of the member States shall constitute of the Governing Board. paid by the member countries; as well as of a quorum at meetings of the Governing f) To call extraordinary meetings of the funds and contributions of any kind that the Board. Governing Board, with the consent of a Institute :nay receive from American persons 6. The Governing B ard shall hold ordi­ simple majority of the member States; to or institutions and of funqs derived from nary ,general meetings every two years and organize and hold in agreement with the its publications. such extraordinary general meetings as may Governments or entities concerned, any 2. The annual budget of the Institute is be convened by the Executive Committee, meetings, conferences and international as­ fixed at $30,600 (U. S. Currency). This with the consent of the simple majority of semblies that the Governing Board may pro­ budget is divided into 102 units of 300 dollars the member States. mote. each. The annual quota of each contributor 7. The Governing Board shall have the 6. When the Governing Board is integrated is determined by assigning to each a certain following functions and duties, in addition as set forth by this Convention, the provi­ number of units, according to the total popu­ to those mentioned above: sional Executive Committee appointed by lation, as indicated in the attached table, a) Appoint the Director of the Institute the Patzcuaro Inter-American Conference on but to no country having an Indian popu­ in accordance with the conditions set forth .Indian life shall submit to it a report and it lation of less than 50,000 shall there be 1n paragraph 1 of article IX. shall continue in office for a period of one 1941 CONG·RESSION AL--RECORD-SENATE 4417 year, as established by Article VII, paragraph tions in any way connected with the func­ 4. If the Convention sh-ould cease to beef­ 3, but subject to the provisions of this Con­ tions and aims of the Institute, to the extent fective according to the terms of paragraph vention. The Standing Committee of the allowed by the domestic legislation and prac­ two of the present article, the Government aforementioned Conference shall cease to tices of each country. of the United Mexican S1:ates shall notify all exist when the Governing Board is integrated ARTICLE XIII the American Governme11ts of the date on and the functions thereof shall be vested in which it ceases to be effective. the Executive Committee. Mail and postal p1·ivileges IN WrrNEss WHEREOF, the undersigned ABTICLE IX The High Contracting Parties agree to ex­ Plenipotentiaries, after having deposited their tend to the Inter-American Indian Institute full powers found to be in due and proper The Director forthwith, the domestic and international form, sign this Convention on behalf of their 1. The Director of the Institute must be a postal privilege established by the Postal Un­ respective governments, and affix thereto person admittedly competent in Indian Af­ ion of the Americas concluded in the city of the· seals, at Mexico, D. F., on the dates fairs and possess a comparative knowledge Panama on December 2!::: 1936, and to ask appearing opposite their sign tures. of Indian problems in the various American the members of the Union who have not sub­ Costa Rica: States. He shall retain office for 6 years. scribed to thP. present Convention to grant (L. S.) CARLOS MANUEL ESCALANTE. No­ He shall be the Head of the Institute, and to it the same privilege. vember 29, 1940. ~hall answer to the Executive Committee for ARTICLE XIV Cuba: its satisfactory progress and operation. (L. S.) JOSE MANUEL CARBONELL. No­ 2. The Director shall decide upon the plans, Special studies vember 29, 1940. work and activities of the Institute, within The expense of any studies or investigations Ecuador: the general program marked out by the especially agreed upon by one or two of the