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Water Governance Benchmarking Criteria Click on each red number in order to link to the corresponding paragraph. Click again on the red number in order to return to criteria page. Numbers found next to an article or item title correspond to the entire article or item. Numbers found next to document title correspond to the entire document. A. GOVERNANCE FUNCTIONS 1. Organizing and building capacity in the water sector 1.1 Creating and modifying an organizational structure 1.2 Assigning roles and responsibilities 1.3 Setting national water policy 1.4 Establishing linkages among sub-sectors, levels, and national sub-regions 1.5 Establishing linkages with neighboring riparian countries 1.6 Building public and political awareness of water sector issues 1.7 Securing and allocating funding for the sector 1.8 Developing and utilizing well-trained water sector professionals 2. Planning strategically 2.1 Collecting, managing, storing and utilizing water-relevant data 2.2 Projecting future supply and demand for water 2.3 Designing strategies for matching expected long-term water supply an demand and dealing with shortfalls (including drought mitigation strategies) 2.4 Developing planning and management tools to support decision making 3. Allocating water 3.1 Awarding and recording water rights and corollary responsibilities 3.2 Establishing water and water rights transfer mechanisms 3.3 Adjudicating disputes 3.4 Assessing and managing third party impacts of water and water rights transactions 4. Developing and managing water resources 4.1 Constructing public infrastructure and authorizing private infrastructure development 4.2 Forecasting seasonal supply and demand and matching the two 4.3 Operating and maintaining public infrastructure according to established plans and strategic priorities 4.4 Applying incentives and sanctions to achieve long and short term supply/demand matching (including water pricing) 4.5 Forecasting and managing floods and flood impacts 5. Regulating water resources and services 5.1 Issuing and monitoring operating concessions to water service providers 5.2 Enforcing withdrawal limits associated with water rights 5.3 Regulating water quality in waterways, water bodies, and aquifers (including enforcement) 5.4 Protecting aquatic ecosystems 5.5 Monitoring and enforcing water service standards B. GOVERNANCE PROCESS CHARACTERISTICS 1. Transparency. 2. Participation. 3. Accountability and Integrity. 4. Rule of law. 5. Coherency and Integration. 6. Responsiveness. C. CROSS CUTTING CATEGORIES 1. Water Sources 1.1 Surface water 1.2 Groundwater 1.3 Derivative water (reclaimed, reused, desalinated) 2. Water Uses 2.1 Irrigation 2.2 Municipal 2.3 Industrial 2.4 Environmental 2.5 Hydropower 2.6 Fisheries, navigation, recreation 2.7 Other uses (including social, esthetic, and religious uses) German Technical Cooperation Ministry of Water and - GTZ Irrigation The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan This plan has been authored by the Water Sector Planning Support Project in the framework of cooperation between the Ministry of Water and Irrigation and GTZ, with support from AHT, BGR, Engicon, Dr. Fritz Käser and Siegfried Holtkemper. The National Water Master Plan Objectives Without water, there is no life. Individuals, private companies and public institutions are taking great efforts to make water useable for their needs - be it drinking water, pastoral needs, industries, agriculture or others. In order to coordinate these activities, and to safeguard that the resources are also available for future generations, a common planning framework is needed. This framework is given by the Water Master Plan. According the United Nations, the primary objective of a Water Master Plan is to establish a basic framework for: • orderly and integrated planning and implementation of water resources programs and projects; and • a rational water resources management consistent with overall national socio- economic development objectives. (Guidelines for the preparation of National Water Master Plans, Water Resources Series No. 65, UN, N.Y. 1989) Background and Principal Components The Formulation of a Water Master Plan is a principal task of the state. In the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, this task is performed by the Ministry of Water and Irrigation. The old Masterplan from 1977, which had been formulated with assistance the German Government, needs to be updated and revised. Again, the German Agency for Technical Assistance (GTZ) is supporting the Jordanian Government in this task. The new Masterplan will not be a static printed document but a Digital Water Master Plan based on an extensive Water Information System (WIS). In close cooperation with the Ministry of Water and Irrigation and GTZ, the German consulting company AHT International has developed the Digital Planning Tools. These software tools are database applications with a GIS (digital mapping) interface that are applied to: • Assess the present availability, withdrawals, losses and uses of the water resources; • Formulate alternative development scenarios for water resources and demand/use at various planning horizons; • Perform the balancing of resources versus demands for the recent past as well as for the alternative development options and • Identify technical and operational options in order to bridge the gap between resources and demands. 2 Basic components and functionality of the Digital Masterplan Water Information System (WIS) The Digital Water Master Plan receives its data from the Water Information System (WIS). This is the central information system at the Ministry of Water and Irrigation, serving the Ministry as well as WAJ (Water Authority of Jordan) and JVA (Jordan Valley Authority). In addition, it is the authorised source for data on water monitoring, management, and planning for external users like research institutions or international donors. The WIS is a complex system of hard- and software, data and tools as well as people for its operation and maintenance. It can be accessed from all computer workplaces within the Ministry’s network. The majority of data is either stored in ORACLE data base tables or in GIS files. These two data systems are linked, thus permitting both the data selection by inter-active maps and cartographic representation of results. The WIS contains monitoring data collected in the field either by operators of the water supply and wastewater disposal systems (namely WAJ and JVA), the hydrological service of the Ministry and/or external institutions like the Department of Statistics and the Ministry of Agriculture. In addition to the monitoring data the WIS holds the results of water demand and resources projections. In order to facilitate data exchange, a unified coding compulsory for all water authorities is under development. This process is coordinated by the Working Group on Standardization of Data and Information Flows. 3 The two primary user interfaces of the WIS are the Data Entry and Visualisation Application (DEVA) and the Digital Visualisation System (DVS). The DEVA (written under Oracle developer) is both used for data entry and the production of reports in a fixed format. The DVS is specially made for the master plan allowing to produce standard information products in an automated way. It is an MS-Access application with integrated MapObjects GIS modules for spatial selection and cartographic outputs. The DVS is applied to monitoring and forecast data to produce standardized tables, charts and maps under Excel. Thus, its results can be easily post-processed with Office software. 4 Examples of user- interfaces of the DVS software 5 Digital Planning Tools The Digital Planning Tools are a set of interactive software modules applied to forecast water resources and demands for future development scenarios. These forecasts are always using recent monitoring data as a starting point. The results are stored into the so- called Scenario Tables Pool (STP), which is part of the central ORACLE database administered under the WIS. From there, the information on future resources and demands is taken for nation-wide water balancing. Principal data flow – from the pre-processing modules to balancing The Digital Planning Tools have been developed under MS-Access 2000 in VBA (Visual basic for Applications), the most common programming language under the Windows operating system. The Digital Planning Tools have a modular structure and the software code is open to the IT personnel in the Ministry. This will allow future modifications and extensions with the Ministry’s own resources. Examples of user-interfaces of the digital planning tools for resource estimation 6 Example of a user-interface for demand estimation (irrigation) Digital NWMP 7 A Water Master Plan as a document is consisting of the following principal parts: • The description of the water resources (surface and ground water plus alternative resources) in quantity and quality • The description of the present and likely future development of water demands by different user sectors; • The presentation of the technical (physical) and operational water management measures to fulfil the demands in their temporal and spatial distribution under consideration of social, environmental and economic aspects. Due to the complexity of the task, a master plan is structured in several layers like executive summary, main report (in several volumes) and various technical annexes and appendices. A digital master plan is such a document in digital or electronic format. This has several big advantages: portability
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