Fox Creek
Alexander IR 134 A
Alexis Whitecourt IR 232
Whitecourt
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Morinville Alexander r e IR 134 iv R n a w e h tc Alexis a k s IR 133 a S Lac . Ste. Anne N
Chip Elk Island National Park Lake Isle L. Pinedale Gainford Medicine Edson Spruce Grove Obed L. Marlboro Nojack r Wabamun Stony Plain Obedive Lodge R Lake Edmonton a iver c McLeod R Wabamun s Stony Plain Beaverhill a IR 133 A/B ab IR 135 Lake Entrance Provincial Park th A Cooking Pedley Lake Fickle Moon Lake Lake Tomahawk Tofield Hinton
Erith Niska
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iv e r St. Francis Embarrass Cynthia Leduc Brule Lake Drayton Valley Kavanagh Robb
Jasper Pembina Millet
Talbot Lake Lodgepole Pigeon Lake Camrose Pigeon IR 138A Lake Cadomin Lovettville Ma-Me-O Beach Provincial Park Buck L. Wetaskiwin Brazeau Reservoir Buck Lake IR 133C
Alexis Brazeau O'Chiese Samson Riv Cardinal 234 er r 203 IR 137 e Jasper National Park iv Mount Robson Park R g g e rd Medicine No LakeM ed ic Legend in N e Willesden Green o R r iv t er Ponoka Maligne Lake h S Proposed Trans Mountain Pipeline Segment a Rimbey s k
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n R Gull iv e Lake Moose Habitat (Current) r Buffalo Lake Caribou Habitat (Current) Lacombe Crimson Lake Provincial Park Deer Habitat (Current) Nordegg Bentley Rocky Mnt. House Hamber Park Elk Habitat (Current) Sylvan Big Horn Lake 144A Fish Spawning (Current) Red Deer Benalto Grizzly Habitat (Current) Cow Abraham Lake L. Medicinal Plant Habitat (Current) Prairie Creek Mineral Lick (Current) Saskatoon Berry Habitat (Current) Banff National Park
O'Chiese First Nation TLU Study Prepared For: Prepared By: Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Expansion Project O'Chiese First Nation Calliou Group DISCLAIMER: THIS MAP SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A SUBSITUTE FOR CONSULTATION. USE NOTATIONS ARE NOT EXACT LOCATIONS OF USE SITES. Date: Prepared By: THIS MAP IS THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF THE O'CHIESE FIRST NATION. TEK Sites ANY REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT September 12, 2013 WRITTEN APPROVAL IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. THIS MAP WAS CREATED K. Janssen in the FOR SINGLE USE RELATED TO THE KINDER MORGAN ¶ Local Study Area TRANS MOUNTAIN EXPANSION PROJECT. ANY OTHER USE IS PROHIBITED. 0 10 20 30 Map Information: Figure No: Datum: NAD 83, UTM ZONE 11 Kilometers Source: NTDB, O'Chiese First Nation 19 O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
4.9.2 Traditional Knowledge in the RSA
Berry Habitat (past) • Chokecherry around O’Chiese First Nation I.R. 203 (Danny Daychief) • Blueberry around O’Chiese First Nation I.R. 203 (Danny Daychief) • Gooseberry around O’Chiese First Nation I.R. 203 (Danny Daychief) • Saskatoon berries around Edson (Charlie Whitford and Alice Strawberry) • Blackberries around Robb (Josephine Bremner) • Blueberries around Robb (Josephine Bremner)
Bird Habitat (current) • From the North Saskatchawen River to Rimbey (Susan Bremner) • Partridge habitat (past) around O’Chiese First Nation I.R. 203
Calving area (current) • Around Lodgepole, Pembina and Drayton Valley (Emma Whitford)
Fish Habitat (current) • Jasper National Park (George Strawberry)
Spawning area (current) • Trout around Cadomin and Abraham Lake (George Strawberry)
Game Trail (current) • Area south of Cynthia, North of Rocky Mountain House, west of Drayton Valley (Emma Whitford)
Grizzly Habitat (current) • In foothills area and north of Hinton (Martin Ironbow)
Medicinal Plant Habitat (current) • Between Obed and Edson (Harry Desjalais) • Around Lodgepole (Harry Desjalais) • Along Elk River Road (George Strawberry • From Mayerthorpe north to Whitecourt and south to Hinton (George Strawberry) • In the Marlboro area (Marie Strawberry)
Mineral Licks (current) • Around Erith, Embarass, and Robb (George Strawberry) • Between O’Chiese First Nation I.R. 203 and Medicine Lake (George Strawberry) • From Mayerthorpe north to Whitecourt and south to Hinton (George Strawberry)
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
• Around Cadomin and Abraham Lake (George Strawberry) • Between Jasper National Park and Bighorn I.R. 144A (Mike Magwa Daychief) • Around Buck Lake (Mike Magwa Daychief) • Around O’Chiese First Nation I.R. 203 (Mike Magwa Daychief) • Around Robb (Mike Magwa Daychief) • Around Lodgepole (Mike Magwa Daychief) • At the North end of O’Chiese First Nation I.R. 203 and towards the Brazeau Reservoir (Sarah Daychief) • East of the North Saskatchewan River (John Strawberry) • Around Medicine Lake (John Strawberry) • Along Blackstone River (John Strawberry) • Northwest of Obed ( Marie Strawberry) • In the Marlboro area (Marie Strawberry) • North of Robb and west of Embarass (Marie Strawberry) • Area between the Brazeau reservoir, the Brazeau river, and the Nordegg river (Sarah Daychief)
Small Game Habitat (current) • Rabbits around Medicine Lake (Susan Bremner) • Bighorn Sheep south of Hinton (Harry Desjalais) • Mountain goats south of Hinton (Harry Desjalais)
Ungulate Habitat (current) • Moose around medicine lake (Susan Bremner) • Elk around Medicine lake (Susan Bremner) • Elk around Crimson Lake Provincial Park (danny daychief) • Moose around Crimson Lake Provincial Park (danny daychief) • Deer around Crimson Lake Provincial park (danny daychief) • Moose in the foothills (Les Yellowface) • Elk in the foothills (Les Yellowface) • Deer in the foothills (Les Yellowface) • Caribou north of Hinton and Obed (Harry Desjalais) • Moose around Drayton Valley (George Strawberry) • Elk around Drayton Valley (George Strawberry) • Moose elk and deer in Jasper National Park (George Strawberry) • Caribou and moose around Erith, Embarass and Rob (George Strawberry) • Moose around Cadomin and Abraham Lake (George Strawberry) • Moose from Obed to Bighorn I.R. 144A and east to Buck Lake (George Strawberry) • Moose near Pembina, North Saskatchewan River and right after Tamahawk (Mike Magwa Daychief) • Moose, elk and deer east of O’Chiese First Nation I.R. 203 (Susan Bremner)
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
• Moose around Robb (Donnie Beaverbones)
Ungulate Habitat (past) • Moose – between the North Saskatchewan River and Rimbey (Martin Ironbow)
Game Trail/Migration Routes (current) • Moose and elk from Rocky Mountains to the Brazeau River (George Strawberry)
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Little Smoky Swan Hills
Fox Creek
Alexan der IR 134 A
Alexis Whitecourt IR 232
Whitecourt Legend
r Proposed Trans Mountain Pipeline Segment e v i
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c Local Study Area (2km wide) M Bruderheim Grande Cache Morinville Alexan der r Regional Study Area e IR 134 iv R n a w e h t c Alexis a Moose Habitat (Current) k IR 133 s a S Lac . Ste. Anne N Blackberry Habitat (Current) Chip Elk Island National Park Lake Isle L. Blueberry Habitat (Current) Pinedale Gainford Medicine Edson Spruce Grove Obed L. Marlboro Nojack r Wabamun Stony Plain Obedi ve Lodge R Lake Edmonton a M c R iver c L eod Wabamun Blueberry Habitat (Past) s Stony Plain Beaverhill a b IR 133 A/B a IR 135 Lake th Entrance Provincial Park A Pedley Cooking Moon Lake Lake Chokecherry Habitat (Past) Fickle Lake Tomahawk Tofield Hinton
Erith Niska E
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iv e r St. Francis Medicinal Plant Habitat (Current) Embarrass Cynthia Leduc Brule Lake Drayton Valley Kavanagh Saskatoon Berry Habitat (Current) Robb Pembina Big Horn Sheep Habitat (Current) Jasper Millet Talbot Lake Lodgepole Pigeon Lake Camrose Bird Habitat (Current) Pigeon IR 138A Lake Cadomin Lovettville Ma-Me-O Beach Provincial Park
Buck L. Wetaskiwin Calving Area (Current) Brazeau Mount Robson Park Reservoir Buck Lake Caribou Habitat (Current) IR 133C
Jasper National Park Alexis Braz ea u O' Chiese Samso n Riv Cardinal 234 er r 203 IR 137 e Deer Habitat (Current) iv R g g de Medicine or N Lake M ed ic Elk Habitat (Current) i n N e Willesden Green o R r iv t e r Ponoka Maligne Lake h S a Rimbey s k Fish Habitat (Current) a
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e Leedale w a n R Gull Fish Spawning (Current) iv e Lake r Buffalo Lake Game Trail (Current) Lacombe Crimson Lake Provincial Park Nordegg Bentley Grizzly Habitat (Current) Rocky Mnt. House Hamber Park Sylvan Lake Wells Gray Park Big H orn 144A Mineral Lick (Current) Red Deer Benalto Cow Abraham Lake Moose Habitat (Past) L. Prairie Creek Mountain Goat Habitat (Current) Partridge Habitat (Past)
Rabbit Habitat (Current) Banff National Park Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park Moose, Elk and Deer Habitat (Current)
O'Chiese First Nation TLU Study Prepared For: Prepared By: Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Expansion Project O'Chiese First Nation Calliou Group DISCLAIMER: THIS MAP SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A SUBSITUTE FOR CONSULTATION. USE NOTATIONS ARE NOT EXACT LOCATIONS OF USE SITES. Date: Prepared By: TEK Sites THIS MAP IS THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF THE O'CHIESE FIRST NATION. ANY REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT September 12, 2013 K. Janssen in the WRITTEN APPROVAL IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. THIS MAP WAS CREATED FOR SINGLE USE RELATED TO THE KINDER MORGAN ¶ Regional Study Area TRANS MOUNTAIN EXPANSION PROJECT. ANY OTHER USE IS PROHIBITED. 0 10 20 30 Map Information: Figure No: Datum: NAD 83, UTM ZONE 11 Kilometers Source: NTDB, O'Chiese First Nation 20 O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
4.10 Future Use
Some O’Chiese First Nation members identified areas that they would like to see preserved and/or protected for future use. These areas may hold important value to O’Chiese First Nation members for both sense of place and natural resource use.
Future Use • Area between the North Saskatchewan River and Rimbey (Susan Bremner) • Around Robb and west to Jasper (Emma Whitford) • Medicine Lake (Emma Whitford) • Between Edson and the Bighorn I.R. 144A ( Emma Whitford) • Foothills area around Lovettville, Cadomin, and Erith (Jerry Strawberry)
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Little Smoky Swan Hills
Fox Creek
Alexan der IR 134 A
Alexis Whitecourt IR 232
Whitecourt
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M Bruderheim Grande Cache Morinville Alexan der r e IR 134 iv R n a w e h t c Alexis a k IR 133 s a S Lac . Ste. Anne N
Chip Elk Island National Park Lake Isle L. Pinedale Gainford Medicine Edson Spruce Grove Obed L. Marlboro Nojack r Wabamun Stony Plain Obedi ve Lodge R Lake Edmonton a M c R iver c L eod Wabamun s Stony Plain Beaverhill a b IR 133 A/B a IR 135 Lake th Entrance Provincial Park A Pedley Cooking Moon Lake Lake Fickle Lake Tomahawk Tofield Hinton
Erith Niska
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iv e r St. Francis Embarrass Cynthia Leduc Brule Lake Drayton Valley Kavanagh Robb
Jasper Pembina Millet
Talbot Lake Lodgepole Pigeon Lake Camrose Pigeon IR 138A Lake Cadomin Lovettville Ma-Me-O Beach Provincial Park
Buck L. Wetaskiwin Brazeau Mount Robson Park Reservoir Buck Lake IR 133C
Jasper National Park Alexis Braz ea u O' Chiese Samso n Riv Cardinal 234 er r 203 IR 137 e iv R g g de Medicine or N Lake M ed ic in N e Willesden Green o R r iv t e r Ponoka Maligne Lake h S a Rimbey s k
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e Leedale w a n R Gull iv e Lake r Buffalo Lake Lacombe Crimson Lake Provincial Park Nordegg Bentley Rocky Mnt. House Hamber Park Sylvan Lake Wells Gray Park Big H orn 144A Red Deer Benalto Cow Abraham Lake Legend L. Prairie Creek Proposed Trans Mountain Pipeline Segment Local Study Area (2km wide)
Banff National Park Dry Island Buffalo Jump Provincial Park Regional Study Area Future Use Area
O'Chiese First Nation TLU Study Prepared For: Prepared By: Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Expansion Project O'Chiese First Nation Calliou Group DISCLAIMER: THIS MAP SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A SUBSITUTE FOR CONSULTATION. USE NOTATIONS ARE NOT EXACT LOCATIONS OF USE SITES. Date: Prepared By: Future Use THIS MAP IS THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF THE O'CHIESE FIRST NATION. ANY REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT September 17, 2013 K. Janssen in the WRITTEN APPROVAL IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. THIS MAP WAS CREATED FOR SINGLE USE RELATED TO THE KINDER MORGAN ¶ Regional Study Area TRANS MOUNTAIN EXPANSION PROJECT. ANY OTHER USE IS PROHIBITED. 0 10 20 30 Map Information: Figure No: Datum: NAD 83, UTM ZONE 11 Kilometers Source: NTDB, O'Chiese First Nation 21 O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
5 Field Observations
O’Chiese First Nation field participants shared their Traditional Ecological Knowledge of the Project and surrounding area. The following is a summary of field observations and field project issues and concerns recorded through two field visits. Ten (10) different sites (Site A-J) were visited over the course of 4 field days in areas surrounding Hinton and Edson. These sites are identified in Figure 22.
Field Visit 1: Site A
Site A was located west of Marlboro, bound to the north by Highway # 16 and to the south by railway tracks.
The area was disturbed and the existing RoW was clearly visible. It appeared that a number of other pipelines or other utility lines were buried in that RoW. There was also evidence of some maintenance structures and above ground pipeline structures.
Photo 1 – Site A
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Fox Creek
Alexander IR 134 A
Alexis Whitecourt IR 232
Whitecourt
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Morinville Alexander r e IR 134 iv R n a w e h tc Alexis a k IR 133 s a S Lac . Ste. Anne N
Site B Chip Site F & G Lake Isle L. Pinedale Gainford Medicine Edson Spruce Grove Obed L. Marlboro Nojack Site C r Wabamun Stony Plain Obedive Lodge R Lake Edmonton a iver c McLeod R Wabamun s Stony Plain a b IR 133 A/B a IR 135 th Entrance Provincial Park A Cooking Pedley Lake Fickle Moon Lake SiteLake H & I Site A Tomahawk Hinton
Site E Erith Niska
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iv Site D e r St. Francis Embarrass Cynthia Leduc Brule Lake Drayton Valley Kavanagh Site J Robb Jasper Pembina Millet
Talbot Lake Lodgepole Pigeon Lake Pigeon IR 138A Lake Cadomin Lovettville Ma-Me-O Beach Provincial Park Buck L. Wetaskiwin Brazeau Reservoir Buck Lake IR 133C
Alexis Brazeau O'Chiese Samson Riv Cardinal 234 e r r 203 IR 137 e iv R Jasper National Park g g de Medicine or N Lake M ed ic i n N e Willesden Green o R r iv t er Ponoka Maligne Lake h S a Rimbey s k
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Proposed Trans Mountain Pipeline Segment Lacombe Crimson Lake Provincial Park Local Study Area (2km wide) Nordegg Bentley Hamber Park Rocky Mnt. House Sylvan Big Horn Prepared For: Lake Prepared By: O'Chiese First Nation TLU Study 144A Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Expansion Project Red Deer O'Chiese FirstBenalto Nation Calliou Group DISCLAIMER: THIS MAP SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A SUBSITUTE FOR CONSULTATION. USE NOTATIONS ARE NOT EXACT LOCATIONS OF USE SITES. Date: Prepared By: THIS MAP IS THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF THE O'CHIESE FIRST NATION. Field Visit Locations ANY REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT September 12, 2013 WRITTEN APPROVAL IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. THIS MAP WAS CREATED K. Janssen FOR SINGLE USE RELATED TO THE KINDER MORGAN ¶ TRANS MOUNTAIN EXPANSION PROJECT. ANY OTHER USE IS PROHIBITED. 0 10 20 30 Map Information: Figure No: Datum: NAD 83, UTM ZONE 11 Kilometers Source: NTDB, O'Chiese First Nation 22 O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 2 – RoW at Field Visit Site A The RoW was cleared of any large vegetation and consists mainly of grass and low shrubs lined by trees on either side.
Photo 3– Other pipelines in the RoW
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
The following observations were made by the O’Chiese First Nation monitors in Site A: • Mountain sheep habitat • Elk habitat • Moose habitat • Mule and white tail deer habitat • Various game trails • Hunting area • The creek and adjacent lake to the south of the RoW along the old highway is trout habitat • The creek to the south of the RoW along the old highway is also a traditional use site for fishing (Harry Desjalais) • Blueberry habitat • Traditional use site for blueberry picking (Harry Desjalais) • Strawberry habitat • Raspberry habitat • Mooseberry habitat • Various medicinal plant habitat • Bear habitat
Photo 4 - Medicinal plant (Clover). Danny Daychief explained he used to pick clovers all the time with his grandfather for medicinal purposes. They used to boil the flower and also used the root of the plant.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 5 – Medicinal Plant (Indian Paintbrush)
Photo 6 – Berry and Medicinal Plant (Wild Strawberry) Harry Desjalais explained that the strawberry root was used together with a mixture of other plants as heart medicine.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 7 – Berry (Mooseberry) Harry Desjalais stated that mooseberries can be boiled and eaten.
Photo 8 – Medicinal Plant (Labrador Tea) Labrador tea is a medicinal plant which often grows in muskeg areas (Charlie Whitford)
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 9 – Berry and Medicinal Plant (Raspberry)
Photo 10 – Wildlife Resting Place Danny Daychief pointed out three separate patches in the grass and noted that these were places were animals (most likely deer) had rested.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 11 – Animal Fur Dan Daychief and Harry Desjalais pointed out two separate places on the ground that were covered in fur from an unidentified animal.
Photo 12 – Skull Dan Daychief and Harry Desjalais thought this was either a moose or elk skull. The skull had been cut to remove the brain, which Harry and Dan (as well as desktop interview participants) specified was probably used to tan hides.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 13 – Hunting Blind Dan Daychief said his grandfather used hunting blinds such as this when hunting.
Photo 14 – Rotten Log Harry Desjalais explained that a bear had clawed the tree and broke it apart looking for ants. He said that O’Chiese First Nation members would also use the wood chips for smoking hides.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 15 – Game Trail A number of game trails were identified crossing the RoW.
Photo 16 – Wildlife Tracks A number of wild life tracks belonging to moose, elk and deer were identified on the RoW.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 17 – Garbage Unfortunately, the study team also found a lot of garbage on the RoW.
Photo 18 – Garbage
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Field Visit 1: Site B
Site B was likely located on private land. The area was also disturbed and included a utility structure. The area was used as a pasture for cows and fresh clear cutting was evident on the existing Row.
Danny Daychief explained that there were a lot of lakes in the area ideal for moose. They tend to walk into the lakes to eat roots in the water and also seek protection from the black flies by standing in the water. The lakes may be good habitat for trout. There are also wetlands in the area.
Danny Daychief explained that even though the area is already disturbed it would be a good hunting area. However, since Dan thought this area was either private land or a grazing lease, he would not be able to go hunting here.
Photo 19 - Site B – structure near RoW
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 20 – Cleared RoW in Site B
Photo 21 – RoW through a wetland in Site B
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
The following observations were made by O’Chiese First Nation field participants in Site B:
• Wetland • Medicinal plants • Bear Habitat • Gooseberry Habitat • Raspberry Habitat • Strawberry Habitat • Gooseberry Habitat
Photo 22 – Medicinal Plant
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 23– Rotten Log Harry Desjalais explained that a bear had clawed the tree and broke it apart looking for ants.
Photo 24–Berries (Gooseberry)
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 25 – Winding Tree
Harry Desjalais pointed out this tree that was wrapped around another tree. He explained that O’Chiese First Nation members would boil the winding branch and use it to make their hair strong, thick and long
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Field Visit 2: Site C
On August 13th, 2013, O’Chiese First Nation members had the opportunity to visit sites around the Hinton area that were being studied by members of TERA Environmental’s vegetation study. Site C was previously disturbed and is located on an existing RoW; nonetheless, O’Chiese First Nation field participants identified habitat for vegetation and wildlife as well as field issues and concerns along and near the established RoW.
The following observations were made by O’Chiese First Nation field participants in Site C:
Field Observations • Habitat for moose, elk and deer • Good hunting area • Rabbit habitat • Berry habitat (including bear berry, rosehips, soap berry, strawberry) • Ideal berry gathering area • Medicinal plant habitat (including Indian paintbrush, clover, Lords plant, moss, poplar, Labrador tea, spruce sap) • Ideal medicinal plant gathering area • Location of a plant on the O’Chiese First Nation significant plant list • Muskegs in the area, both existing and destroyed • Bear Trap
Field Site Issues and Concerns • Contamination of wildlife (e.g. due to small leaks) • Vegetation should be here (i.e. sweet grass) that is not, owing to current RoW disturbance • Garbage (including barrel of anti-freeze, shot gun shells, an old tire) • Evidence of recent camping activity (including fire pits) • Worry that original pipeline is cracking and eroding
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 26 – Image of the RoW at Site C
Photo 27 - Current appearance of the RoW
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 28 – Indian Paintbrush Also identified in Site A, O’Chiese First Nation field participants noted that this medicinal plant, Indian Paintbrush, is used to prevent hair loss and make hair stronger.
Photo 29 - Clover Also identified in Site A, animals eat the pink flowers of clovers when they are sick.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 30 - Rosehips Squirrels, skunks, chipmunks eat the seeds of Rosehip berries in the winter time.
Photo 31 - Berries These berries are consumed by bears.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 32 - Poplar Tree Field participants pointed out that the pipeline kills small trees such as these and that they won’t grow back.
Photo 33 - Medicinal plant –“Kinnikininnick” This plant is used in pipes for smoking at ceremonies; the leaves are dried and mixed up with other plants.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 34 - Invasive plant (thistle) Field participants reported that companies do not plant the correct species when they re-vegetate the land; this invasive Plant is an example. The participants also noted that animals will not eat plants such as these.
Photo 35- Moss Participants reported that moss has a variety of uses; it can be put in a bag to keep children warm, and it used to make pillows and mattresses as well as diapers for new born babies.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 36 - Medicinal Plant Participants reported this medicinal plant is used to clot blood in a cut or nose bleed.
Photo 37 - Bark Charlie Whitford highlighted that many trees are also important. For example, you can eat the bark of this tree in June/July. Animals, such as rabbits, often eat the bark of this tree too.
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O’Chiese First Nation Kinder Morgan (Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC) Calliou Group Traditional Land Use Study Trans Mountain Expansion Project September 13, 2013
Photo 38 - Spruce Sap Sap from spruce trees is used for gums and to whiten teeth. In the past people used sap for canoe glue.
Photo 39 - Medicinal plant (Lichen) Participants explained that this moss is used to help cure flu, virus or kidney problems when mixed with tobacco
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