Student Drinking, at Moorhead in Minnesota Is 19
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Understanding the Unusual Looping Track of Hurricane Joaquin (2015) and Its Forecast Errors
JUNE 2019 M I L L E R A N D Z H A N G 2231 Understanding the Unusual Looping Track of Hurricane Joaquin (2015) and Its Forecast Errors WILLIAM MILLER AND DA-LIN ZHANG Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland (Manuscript received 19 September 2018, in final form 5 February 2019) ABSTRACT Hurricane Joaquin (2015) took a climatologically unusual track southwestward into the Bahamas before recurving sharply out to sea. Several operational forecast models, including the National Centers for Envi- ronmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS), struggled to maintain the southwest motion in their early cycles and instead forecast the storm to turn west and then northwest, striking the U.S. coast. Early cycle GFS track errors are diagnosed using a tropical cyclone (TC) motion error budget equation and found to result from the model 1) not maintaining a sufficiently strong mid- to upper-level ridge northwest of Joaquin, and 2) generating a shallow vortex that did not interact strongly with upper-level northeasterly steering winds. High-resolution model simulations are used to test the sensitivity of Joaquin’s track forecast to both error sources. A control (CTL) simulation, initialized with an analysis generated from cycled hybrid data assimi- lation, successfully reproduces Joaquin’s observed rapid intensification and southwestward-looping track. A comparison of CTL with sensitivity runs from perturbed analyses confirms that a sufficiently strong mid- to upper-level ridge northwest of Joaquin and a vortex deep enough to interact with northeasterly flows asso- ciated with this ridge are both necessary for steering Joaquin southwestward. -
Climatology, Variability, and Return Periods of Tropical Cyclone Strikes in the Northeastern and Central Pacific Ab Sins Nicholas S
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School March 2019 Climatology, Variability, and Return Periods of Tropical Cyclone Strikes in the Northeastern and Central Pacific aB sins Nicholas S. Grondin Louisiana State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Climate Commons, Meteorology Commons, and the Physical and Environmental Geography Commons Recommended Citation Grondin, Nicholas S., "Climatology, Variability, and Return Periods of Tropical Cyclone Strikes in the Northeastern and Central Pacific asinB s" (2019). LSU Master's Theses. 4864. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4864 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CLIMATOLOGY, VARIABILITY, AND RETURN PERIODS OF TROPICAL CYCLONE STRIKES IN THE NORTHEASTERN AND CENTRAL PACIFIC BASINS A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in The Department of Geography and Anthropology by Nicholas S. Grondin B.S. Meteorology, University of South Alabama, 2016 May 2019 Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my family, especially mom, Mim and Pop, for their love and encouragement every step of the way. This thesis is dedicated to my friends and fraternity brothers, especially Dillon, Sarah, Clay, and Courtney, for their friendship and support. This thesis is dedicated to all of my teachers and college professors, especially Mrs. -
Baja Greenhouse Production Takes Big Hit from Hurricane
- Advertisement - Baja greenhouse production takes big hit from hurricane September 22, 2014 Greenhouses on Mexico's Baja peninsula endured enormous damage from the winds of Hurricane Odile, which delivered its strongest punch Sept. 16 on the southern part of the peninsula. Lance Jungmeyer, president of the Fresh Produce Association of the Americas, located in Nogales, AZ, indicated Sept. 19 that the hurricane "hit southern Baja pretty hard. Reports are still coming in, but the first reports are of 100 percent loss" of the region's produce greenhouses and their crops. Lance Jungmeyer"We may find that not all the crops were lost," Jungmeyer said, adding that the question remained as to what part of these crops might make it to market. "A lot of the roads were washed out" in Baja. 1 / 2 In the key Mexican production states of Sonora and Sinaloa, there was "minor" crop damage and the rainfall was beneficial in replenishing reservoirs. "It's a positive because when you grow in the desert, you need all the water you can get," said Jungmeyer. "Overall, even if Baja loses tomatoes and peppers, Sinaloa and Sonora will pick up the slack" to serve demand. "There will not be supplies like you would normal have but it's not dire unless you were growing in Baja." Jungmeyer said it was wind damage more than rain that devastated Baja. "The wind tore down structures and the plants were ripped to shreds. But maybe some can be salvaged. It was the winds that were really concerning." Initial news reports indicated Baja's winds were 100 miles per hour. -
UA Outputs: SARP Projects Resulting from Funds
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323153373 Resulting from funds leveraged from MOVING FORWARD Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change, Drought, and Water Demand in the Urbanizing Southwestern United States and Northern... Technical Report · January 2007 CITATIONS READS 0 31 1 author: Robert Varady The University of Arizona 235 PUBLICATIONS 1,974 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Environmental Change Assessments - Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability - Vol. 21 View project International Water Security Network View project All content following this page was uploaded by Robert Varady on 13 February 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. UA Outputs: SARP Projects LIST OF OUTPUTS Resulting from funds leveraged from MOVING FORWARD Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change, Drought, and Water Demand in the Urbanizing Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sector Applications Research Program NOAA/SARP Award # NA08OAR4310704 (2008-2010) And INFORMATION FLOWS AND POLICY Use of Climate Diagnostics and Cyclone Prediction for Adaptive Water-Resources Management Under Climatic Uncertainty in Western North America Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research Small Grants Program for the Human Dimensions IAI Project # SGP HD 005 (2007-2009) University of Arizona (UA) February 2011 Robert Varady, PI -
MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO Diploma Thesis
MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Declaration I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. I agree with the placing of this thesis in the library of the Faculty of Education at the Masaryk University and with the access for academic purposes. Brno, 30th March 2018 …………………………………………. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. for his kind help and constant guidance throughout my work. Bc. Lukáš Opavský OPAVSKÝ, Lukáš. Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis; Diploma Thesis. Brno: Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, English Language and Literature Department, 2018. XX p. Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Annotation The purpose of this thesis is an analysis of a corpus comprising of opening sentences of articles collected from the online encyclopaedia Wikipedia. Four different quality categories from Wikipedia were chosen, from the total amount of eight, to ensure gathering of a representative sample, for each category there are fifty sentences, the total amount of the sentences altogether is, therefore, two hundred. The sentences will be analysed according to the Firabsian theory of functional sentence perspective in order to discriminate differences both between the quality categories and also within the categories. -
Border Climate Summary Resumen Del Clima De La Frontera Issued: January 15, 2009 an Overview of Hurricane Norbert Landfall in Baja California by Luis M
Border Climate Summary Resumen del Clima de la Frontera Issued: January 15, 2009 An overview of Hurricane Norbert landfall in Baja California By Luis M. Farfán, CICESE, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico Sixteen tropical cyclones developed in the eastern Pacific Ocean during the season of 2008. Seven of them reached hurricane strength with maximum wind speeds that exceeded 120 kilometer per hour, or 75 miles per hour, lashing coastal areas and causing significant flooding. Three of these systems made landfall in northwestern Mexico (Figure 1), prompting the mobilization of an emergency coordination and planning protocol established by the Mexican government that taps the expertise of state officials, military personnel, and scientists to help ensure public safety. Figure 1. Tracks of Tropical Storm Julio (August 23–26, 2008 in blue), Tropical Storm Lowell Tropical Storm Julio developed in (September 5–11, 2008 in red) and Hurricane Norbert (October 3–12, 2008 in green). August, and Tropical Storm Lowell made landfall on the Baja California During the active season, May through a cyclone is approaching, and Comisión peninsula and the mainland in mid- November, this system is applied during Nacional del Agua (CNA), through Ser- September. Norbert, which made land- the occurrence of cyclones over the At- vicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN), fall in mid-October, was the most in- lantic and Pacific oceans. Because Baja is responsible for monitoring weather tense hurricane of the season. Persistent California has a coastal length covering conditions, providing track forecasts, strong winds and heavy rainfall tore off one-third of the total coast of Mexico, and defining zones of coastal impact. -
Dissertation Tropical Cyclone Kinetic
DISSERTATION TROPICAL CYCLONE KINETIC ENERGY AND STRUCTURE EVOLUTION IN THE HWRFX MODEL Submitted by Katherine S. Maclay Department of Atmospheric Science In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Fall 2011 Doctoral Committee: Advisor: Thomas Vonder Haar Co-Advisor: Mark DeMaria Wayne Schubert Russ Schumacher David Krueger ABSTRACT TROPICAL CYCLONE KINETIC ENERGY AND STRUCTURE EVOLUTION IN THE HWRFX MODEL Tropical cyclones exhibit significant variability in their structure, especially in terms of size and asymmetric structures. The variations can influence subsequent evolution in the storm as well as its environmental impacts and play an important role in forecasting. This study uses the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Experimental System (HWRFx) to investigate the horizontal and vertical structure of tropical cyclones. Five real data HWRFx model simulations from the 2005 Atlantic tropical cyclone season (two of Hurricanes Emily and Wilma, and one of Hurricane Katrina) are used. Horizontal structure is investigated via several methods: the decomposition of the integrated kinetic energy field into wavenumber space, composite analysis of the wind fields, and azimuthal wavenumber decomposition of the tangential wind field. Additionally, a spatial and temporal decomposition of the vorticity field to study the vortex Rossby wave contribution to storm asymmetries with an emphasis on azimuthal wavenumber-2 features is completed. Spectral decomposition shows that the average low level kinetic energy in azimuthal wavenumbers 0, 1 and 2 are 92%, 6%, and 1.5% of the total kinetic energy. The kinetic energy in higher wavenumbers is much smaller. Analysis also shows that the low level kinetic energy wavenumber 1 and 2 components ii can vary between 0.3-36.3% and 0.1-14.1% of the total kinetic energy, respectively. -
Storm Report : Sep. 8, 2014
Vis/IR satellite image courtesy of Naval Research Lab – 9/8/2014 @ 6:31 AM MST Flood Control District of Maricopa County Engineering Division, Flood Warning Branch Storm Report : September 8, 2014 Initial Release – 09/26/2014 FCDMC – 2801 W. Durango St., Phoenix, AZ 85009 (602) 506-1501 TABLE OF CONTENTS Meteorology ................................................................................................ 3 Precipitation ............................................................................................... 8 Runoff ...................................................................................................... 18 Maricopa County Storm Severity Index ............................................................. 38 Selected Data Sources .................................................................................. 39 Appendix A – Public Outreach Summary ............................................................ 40 Appendix B – 34-hour Rainfall Totals for all FCDMC ALERT Rain Gages ..................... 42 TABLES Table I Hourly Quantitative Precipitation Forecast, Valid 12:06 am MST 09/08/14 .... 7 Table II Summary of Peak Stage/Discharge at Streamflow Stations ....................... 18 Table III Summary of Dam & Basin Impoundments ............................................ 27 FIGURES Figure 1 4-Panel 12Z (5:00 am) Synopsis 09/08/2014 ........................................... 5 Figure 2 08Z (1:00 am) KPHX Forecast Sounding for 09/08/2014 ............................. 6 Figure 3 Visible/IR composite satellite -
2008 Tropical Cyclone Review Summarises Last Year’S Global Tropical Cyclone Activity and the Impact of the More Significant Cyclones After Landfall
2008 Tropical Cyclone 09 Review TWO THOUSAND NINE Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 NORTH ATLANTIC BASIN 2 Verification of 2008 Atlantic Basin Tropical Cyclone Forecasts 3 Tropical Cyclones Making US Landfall in 2008 4 Significant North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones in 2008 5 Atlantic Basin Tropical Cyclone Forecasts for 2009 15 NORTHWEST PACIFIC 17 Verification of 2008 Northwest Pacific Basin Tropical Cyclone Forecasts 19 Significant Northwest Pacific Tropical Cyclones in 2008 20 Northwest Pacific Basin Tropical Cyclone Forecasts for 2009 24 NORTHEAST PACIFIC 25 Significant Northeast Pacific Tropical Cyclones in 2008 26 NORTH INDIAN OCEAN 28 Significant North Indian Tropical Cyclones in 2008 28 AUSTRALIAN BASIN 30 Australian Region Tropical Cyclone Forecasts for 2009/2010 31 Glossary of terms 32 FOR FURTHER DETAILS, PLEASE CONTACT [email protected], OR GO TO OUR CAT CENTRAL WEBSITE AT HTTP://WWW.GUYCARP.COM/PORTAL/EXTRANET/INSIGHTS/CATCENTRAL.HTML Tropical Cyclone Report 2008 Guy Carpenter ■ 1 Executive Summary The 2008 Tropical Cyclone Review summarises last year’s global tropical cyclone activity and the impact of the more significant cyclones after landfall. Tropical 1 cyclone activity is reviewed by oceanic basin, covering those that developed in the North Atlantic, Northwest Pacific, Northeast Pacific, North Indian Ocean and Australia. This report includes estimates of the economic and insured losses sus- tained from each cyclone (where possible). Predictions of tropical cyclone activity for the 2009 season are given per oceanic basin when permitted by available data. In the North Atlantic, 16 tropical storms formed during the 2008 season, compared to the 1950 to 2007 average of 9.7,1 an increase of 65 percent. -
Tropical Storm Norbert Weaker, but Still Lashing Mexico Coast 7 September 2014
Tropical storm Norbert weaker, but still lashing Mexico coast 7 September 2014 southwest Baja California, pumps were draining flood waters after the storm destroyed levees protecting the community of 7,000 people. Local official Venustiano Perez had said Saturday night there were "more than 2,500 people homeless" and another 1,500 whose homes were damaged in the storm. Authorities in Baja California Sur said conditions had returned to normal in the state, but said they were maintaining surveillance in the northern part of the state and assessing a final damage tally. On Saturday, some 2,000 people were evacuated to shelters, which were then cut off by landslides This NASA satellite image shows Hurricane Norbert over and power outages. Baja, Callifornia on September 6, 2014 Last year, Mexico was simultaneously struck by a pair of hurricanes, Ingrid and Manuel, on both coasts, killing 157 people, destroying bridges and Tropical storm Norbert weakened quickly over cool burying most of a mountain village in the Pacific waters in the Pacific Ocean, forecasters said coast state of Guerrero. Sunday, after the storm left some 2,500 people homeless in Mexico. © 2014 AFP The storm had surged to a category three hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale but by Sunday had lost much of its punch and was downgraded to a tropical storm, packing top sustained winds of 60 miles (95 kilometers) per hour, said the US National Hurricane Center. Norbert was expected to mostly dissipate by Monday morning, the Miami-based center said. Nevertheless, "very heavy winds were expected on the west coast of Baja California Sur," in northwestern Mexico, "and there was potential of heavy rains in (neighboring states) Baja California and Sonora," Mexico's national weather service said. -
Tropical Cyclones
Cracking the AQ Code Air Quality Forecast Team September 2016 Volume 2, Issue 7 Tropical Cyclones About “Cracking By: Pratik Patel (ADEQ Air Quality Meteorologist) the AQ Code” Hurricanes, Typhoons and Cyclones What is the difference between hurricanes, typhoons, and In an effort to further cyclones? If you guessed nothing, then you’re absolutely right ADEQ’s mission of because all of these terms describe the same weather phenomenon. Depending on the “basin”, an oceanic region where protecting and enhancing these storms occur, one of these terms might be familiar to you the public health and (Figure 1). For example, “hurricane” is used in regards to the Atlantic environment, the Forecast and Northeast Pacific basins. If you reside in eastern Asia near the Team has decided to Northwest Pacific basin, “typhoon” is the term of choice. Looking at produce periodic, in-depth the Southwest Indian and the North Indian basins, the term articles about various topics “cyclone” is more appropriate. While, off the coast of Australia, related to weather and air “tropical cyclone” is the popular choice. quality. Our hope is that these articles provide you with a better understanding of Arizona’s air quality and environment. Together we can strive for a healthier future. We hope you find them useful! Upcoming Topics… Arizona Tornadoes Figure 1: A map of the different basins around the world with a typical path Prescribed Burns (indicated by the arrows) of tropical cyclones. The red line across the center of PM2.5 Around the World the image is the equator. Source: NWS Corpus Cristi, TX Volume 2, Issue 7 1 Publication No. -
The Structure and Evolution of Hurricane Elena (1985). Part I: Symmetric Intensification
OCTOBER 2005 C ORBOSIERO ET AL. 2905 The Structure and Evolution of Hurricane Elena (1985). Part I: Symmetric Intensification KRISTEN L. CORBOSIERO AND JOHN MOLINARI Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York MICHAEL L. BLACK Hurricane Research Division, NOAA/AOML, Miami, Florida (Manuscript received 1 December 2004, in final form 17 March 2005) ABSTRACT One of the most complete aircraft reconnaissance and ground-based radar datasets of a single tropical cyclone was recorded in Hurricane Elena (1985) as it made a slow, 3-day anticyclonic loop in the Gulf of Mexico. Eighty-eight radial legs and 47 vertical incidence scans were collected aboard NOAA WP-3D aircraft, and 1142 ground-based radar scans were made of Elena’s eyewall and inner rainbands as the storm intensified from a disorganized category 2 to an intense category 3 hurricane. This large amount of con- tinuously collected data made it possible to examine changes that occurred in Elena’s inner-core symmetric structure as the storm intensified. On the first day of study, Elena was under the influence of vertical wind shear from an upper-tropospheric trough to the west. The storm was disorganized, with no discernable eyewall and nearly steady values of tangential wind and relative vorticity. Early on the second day of study, a near superposition and construc- tive interference occurred between the trough and Elena, coincident with upward vertical velocities and the radial gradient of reflectivity becoming concentrated around the 30-km radius. Once an inner wind maxi- mum and eyewall developed, the radius of maximum winds contracted and a sharp localized vorticity maximum emerged, with much lower values on either side.