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DIPONEGORO LAW JOURNAL Volume 6, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017 Website DIPONEGORO LAW JOURNAL Volume 6, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017 Website : http://www.ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/dlr/ ANALISA YURIDIS PENYELAMATAN BANK OLEH PENGELOLA STATUTER MENURUT PERATURAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN NOMOR 41/POJK.05/2015 TENTANG TATA CARA PENETAPAN PENGELOLA STATUTER PADA LEMBAGA JASA KEUANGAN Carlo Diori Tonio*, Hendro Saptono, Sartika Nanda Lestari Program Studi S1 Ilmu Hukum, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro E-mail: [email protected] Abstrak Dalam rangka melindungi kepentingan konsumen, Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dapat mengambil tindakan-tindakan yang dianggap perlu apabila sebuah bank mengalami masalah solvabilitas atau berada dalam status pengawasan, antara lain melakukan penunjukan dan menetapkan penggunaan Pengelola Statuter. Pengelola Statuter yang bertindak sebagai wakil Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dalam melakukan penyelamatan terhadap bank diatur dalam Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 41/POJK.05/2015 tentang Tata Cara Penetapan Pengelola Statuter pada Lembaga Jasa Keuangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan rumusan masalah mengenai kapan Pengelola Statuter ditunjuk dan ditetapkan oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan untuk melakukan penyelamatan terhadap bank dan bagaimanakah kedudukan Pengelola Statuter dalam rangka penyelamatan bank. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pendekatan yuridis empiris yaitu penelitian hukum mengenai pemberlakuan atau implementasi ketentuan hukum normatif secara in action. Melalui hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pengelola Statuter digunakan apabila sebuah bank ditetapkan dalam status Bank Dalam Pengawasan Intensif maupun Bank Dalam Pengawasan Khusus hingga sampai bank tersebut dinyatakan sebagai Bank Gagal dan dicabut izin usahanya. Selain itu Pengelola Statuter dan Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan memiliki kedudukan yang sama dan secara bersamaan melakukan penyelamatan terhadap sebuah bank. Demi mewujudkan suasana dan kegiatan perbankan yang kondusif bagi konsumen, maka Pengelola Statuter dan Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan harus dapat berkoordinasi dengan baik dalam merumuskan tindakan-tindakan penanganan serta penyelamatan terhadap sebuah bank. Kata Kunci: Penyelamatan Bank, Pengelola Statuter, Komite Kestabilan Sistem Keuangan Abstract In order to defend the customers rights, Financial Service Authorities might need to take necessary actions if a bank is having solvability issues or has been stated under supervision, such as by appointing and pronounced a Statutory Superintendent. Statutory Superintendent as a Financial Services Authorities representative in rescuing a bank is regulated in Financial Services Authorities Decree Number 41/POJK.05/2015 regarding the Procedures of Statutory Superintendent Appointment on a Financial Services Corporation. This research is based on the thesis statements regarding when will a Statutory Superintendent is appointed and pronounced by Financial Services Authorities to rescue on a bank and what is the involvement of the Statutory Superintendent in rescuing a bank. The approach used on this research is juridical empiric, which is a law research on the in action execution and implementation of normative law rulings. Through the research, it can be concluded that the Statutory Superintendent will be appointed and pronounced if a bank is being stated as Intensive Surveillance Bank or Special Surveillance Bank until it is being stated as a Failed Bank and its business permit has revoked. Moreover, Statutory Superintendent and Deposit Insurance Corporation have an equal role and will simultaneously rescue the bank. In order to realize a conducive banking environment and activity for the consumer, Statutory Superintendent and Deposit Insurance Corporation must have a good coordination when formulating the rescue and treatment actions. Key Words: Bank Rescue, Statutory Superintendent, Financial Systems Stability Committe 1 DIPONEGORO LAW JOURNAL Volume 6, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017 Website : http://www.ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/dlr/ I. PENDAHULUAN atau badan hukum yang ditetapkan Untuk mewujudkan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan untuk perekonomian nasional yang mampu melaksanakan kewenangan Otoritas tumbuh secara berkelanjutan dan Jasa Keuangan sebagaimana stabil diperlukan kegiatan yang dimaksud dalam Undang-Undang terselenggara secara teratur, adil, Nomor 21 Tahun 2011 tentang transparan, dan akuntabel di dalam Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. sektor jasa keuangan. Hal ini Pada saat ditunjuk dan menjadikan kehadiran Otoritas Jasa ditetapkan oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan yang memiliki fungsi, Keuangan, Pengelola Statuter tugas, dan wewenang pengaturan dan mengambil alih seluruh wewenang pengawasan terhadap kegiatan di dan fungsi direksi, dewan komisaris dalam sektor jasa keuangan sangat suatu bank sekaligus menonaktifkan diperlukan.1 organ-organ perseroan tersebut. Dalam rangka melindungi Pengelola Statuter dapat berbentuk kepentingan konsumen, Otoritas Jasa perseorangan atau badan hukum, Keuangan dapat mengambil perseorangan yang dapat menjadi tindakan-tindakan yang dianggap Pengelola Statuter harus memenuhi perlu apabila sebuah bank sebagai persyaratan yang setara dengan sebuah lembaga jasa keuangan direksi dan dewan komisaris sesuai mengalami kesulitan yang berpotensi dengan wewenang dan fungsi yang membahayakan kelangsungan diambilalih serta tidak memiliki usahanya, antara lain melakukan benturan kepentingan dengan bank penunjukan dan menetapkan yang akan dikelola, baik dengan para penggunaan Pengelola Statuter. pemegang saham, direksi, dan dewan Wewenang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan komisaris bank tersebut. untuk menetapkan Pengelola Statuter Pada Pasal 2 ayat (3) huruf a tersebut dituliskan dalam Pasal 8 Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun Nomor 41/POJK.05/2015 tentang 2011 tentang Otoritas Jasa Tata Cara Penetapan Pengelola Keuangan, sementara Pengelola Statuter pada Lembaga Jasa Statuter sendiri diatur dalam Keuangan dituliskan bahwa Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan penunjukan dan penetapan Nomor 41/POJK.05/2015 tentang penggunaan Pengelola Statuter Tata Cara Penetapan Pengelola dilakukan apabila berdasarkan Statuter pada Lembaga Jasa penilaian Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Keuangan. Pengertian Pengelola kondisi bank dapat membahayakan Statuter dalam Pasal 1 ayat (2) kepentingan konsumen, sektor jasa Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan keuangan, dan/atau pemegang saham Nomor 41/POJK.05/2015 tentang tanpa ada penjelasan lebih lanjut Tata Cara Penetapan Pengelola mengenai status pengawasan sebuah Statuter pada Lembaga Jasa bank ketika Pengelola Statuter Keuangan adalah orang perseorangan digunakan untuk melakukan pengurusan terhadap bank tersebut. Sementara jika dibandingkan dengan 1 Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, Booklet peran Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan Perbankan Indonesia 2014, halaman 19. 2 DIPONEGORO LAW JOURNAL Volume 6, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017 Website : http://www.ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/dlr/ yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Pengelola Statuter dalam melakukan Nomor 24 Tahun 2004 tentang penyelamatan bank serta perbedaan Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan tugas penyelamatan bank yang sebagai sebuah lembaga yang dimiliki oleh Pengelola Statuter dan memiliki peran yang sama dengan Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan. Pengelola Statuter yakni menggantikan posisi organ perseroan Berdasarkan latar belakang ketika kondisi bank dianggap dapat permasalahan di atas, maka menurut membahayakan kepentingan penulis perlu diadakan penelitian konsumen, sektor jasa keuangan, terkait dengan pengendalian dan dan/atau pemegang saham, dituliskan pengelolaan bank oleh Pengelola secara jelas bahwa Lembaga Statuter. Sehingga penulis Penjamin Simpanan digunakan bermaksud untuk mengadakan ketika bank berstatus sebagai bank penelitian dengan judul Analisa gagal, dan menurut Peraturan Bank Yuridis Penyelamatan Bank Oleh Indonesia Nomor: 13/3/PBI/2011 Pengelola Statuter Menurut tentang Penetapan Status dan Tindak Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Lanjut Pengawasan Bank, bank gagal Nomor 41/POJK.05/2015 tentang masuk dalam kategori bank dalam Tata Cara Penetapan Pengelola pengawasan khusus. Sehingga dalam Statuter pada Lembaga Jasa hal ini dapat dilihat bahwa tidak ada Keuangan. definisi yang jelas mengenai status A. Rumusan Masalah pengawasan sebuah bank saat 1. Kapan Pengelola Statuter Otoritas Jasa Keuangan menunjuk ditunjuk dan ditetapkan oleh dan menetapkan Pengelola Statuter Otoritas Jasa Keuangan untuk untuk melakukan pengurusan melakukan penyelamatan terhadap bank tersebut. terhadap bank? Selain permasalahan di atas, 2. Bagaimanakah kedudukan dalam Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Pengelola Statuter dalam rangka Keuangan Nomor 41/POJK.05/2015 penyelamatan bank dalam tentang Tata Cara Penetapan pengawasan intensif maupun Pengelola Statuter pada Lembaga khusus? Jasa Keuangan dituliskan bahwa pada prinsipnya Pengelola Statuter B. Tujuan Penelitian bertugas untuk melakukan 1. Untuk mengetahui kapan penyelamatan terhadap bank, Pengelola Statuter ditunjuk dan sementara dalam Undang-Undang ditetapkan oleh Otoritas Jasa Nomor 24 Tahun 2004 tentang Keuangan untuk melakukan Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan telah penyelamatan terhadap bank. diatur secara tegas bahwa 2. Untuk mengetahui kedudukan penyelamatan bank merupakan tugas Pengelola Statuter dalam Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan. menyelamatkan bank menurut Adanya kesamaan tugas dalam Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan melakukan penyelamatan terhadap Nomor 41/POJK.05/2015 tentang bank ini menimbulkan pertanyaan Tata Cara Penetapan Pengelola mengenai peran dan kedudukan 3 DIPONEGORO LAW JOURNAL Volume 6, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017 Website
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