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SIESTA Spatial Indicators for a 'Europe 2020 Strategy'

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SIESTA Spatial Indicators for a 'Europe 2020 Strategy' SIESTA Spatial Indicators for a ‘Europe 2020 Strategy’ Territorial Analysis Applied Research 2013/1/18 (Draft) Final Report | Version 10/08/2012 Scientific Report ESPON 2013 1 This report presents the draft final results of an Applied Research Project conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2013 Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The partnership behind the ESPON Programme consists of the EU Commission and the Member States of the EU27, plus Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. Each partner is represented in the ESPON Monitoring Committee. This report does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the Monitoring Committee. Information on the ESPON Programme and projects can be found on www.espon.eu The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This basic report exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON & Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 2012. Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON Coordination Unit in Luxembourg. ESPON 2013 2 List of authors Lead Partner (University of Santiago de Compostela) Rubén C. Lois González – Project Coordinator Valerià Paül Carril – Project Manager José Carlos Macía Arce – Communication Manager Alejandra Feal Pérez Yamilé Pérez Guilarte María José Piñeira Mantiñán With the collaboration of Anxo Ramón Calvo Silvosa, Miguel Pazos Otón, Anxos Piñeiro Antelo and José Ignacio Vila Vázquez. With the participation of: National Centre for Scientific Research (France): Petros Petsimeris, José Ignacio Vila Vázquez, Maria Luisa Caputo. Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan (Poland): Lidia Mierzejewska. University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria (Italy): Francesco Bonsinetto, Giuseppe Modica, Angelo Cannizzaro, Enzo Falco, Barbara Lino. Hellenic Open University (Greece): Lila Leontidou, Alex Afouxenidis, Stelios Gialis, Anastasia Stringli, Anastasia Vatsou. University of Bucharest (Romania): Ioan Ianos, Natasa Vaidianu, Daniela Rodica Stoian, Andrei Schvab, Florentina-Cristina Merciu. University College Dublin (Ireland): Niamh Moore, Delphine Ancien. MCRIT SL (Spain): Andreu Ulied, Oriol Biosca, Marta Calvet, Rafa Rodrigo. Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain, 10 August 2012 ESPON 2013 3 Table of contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................... 11 2. Conceptual and Methodological Framework .................................... 12 2.1. Project Keywords .................................................................. 13 2.1.1. General Concepts ............................................................ 13 2.1.2. Smart Growth ................................................................. 13 2.1.3. Sustainable Growth ......................................................... 13 2.1.4. Inclusive Growth ............................................................. 14 2.2. Overall Methodology and Workflow .......................................... 14 3. EU2020S Analysis ....................................................................... 16 3.1. Architecture of the EU2020S ................................................... 18 3.2. The EU2020S Official Document − COM(2010) 2020 .................. 21 3.3 The Annual Growth Survey and Other Progress Reports on EU2020S – COM (2011) and COM (2011) 815 Final ....................................... 25 3.4 The Flagship “Innovation Union” – COM (2010) 2020 .................. 31 3.5. The Flagship “A Digital Agenda for Europe” – COM (2010) 245 Final ................................................................................................ 35 3.6 The Flagship “Youth on the Move” – COM(2010) 477 Final. .......... 38 3.7. The Flagship “A Resource-efficient Europe” – COM(2011) 21 Final 40 3.8. The Flagship “An Integrated Industrial Policy for the Globalisation Era” – COM(2010) 614 Final ......................................................... 44 3.9. The Flagship “An Agenda for New Skills and Jobs” – COM(2010) 682 Final .................................................................................... 46 3.10 The Flagship “The European Platform against Poverty and Social Exclusion” – COM(2010) 758 Final ................................................. 49 3.11 The Communication “Regional Policy Contributing to Smart Growth in Europe 2020” – COM(2010) 553 Final ......................................... 52 3.12 The Communication “Regional Policy Contributing to Sustainable Growth in Europe 2020” – COM(2011) 17 Final ................................ 53 3.13 The Staff Working Document “Regions 2020. An Assessment of Future Challenges for EU Regions” – SEC(2008) .............................. 56 3.14 The Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union ................................................................. 58 3.15 The Communication “Green Paper on Territorial Cohesion. Turning Territorial Diversity into Strength” – COM(2008) 616 Final ................ 60 3.16 The Fifth Report on Economic, Social and Territorial Cohesion (2010) ....................................................................................... 63 2 3.17 The Seventh Progress Report on Economic, Social and Territorial Cohesion (2011) ......................................................................... 68 3.18 The Territorial Agenda of the European Union 2020 (2011) ........ 71 3.19 Overall List of Indicators Considered, Quoted and Recommended in the EU2020S Analysis .................................................................. 77 4. Achievement of the Final List of Indicators to Be Included in the Atlas (SWS4) ........................................................................................ 80 4.1. Indicators Selection Process, Data Sources and Availability ......... 80 4.1.1. The First Selection of Indicators ........................................ 81 4.1.2. Subsequent Selected Indicators Management ...................... 84 4.1.2.1. The “Compulsory” Indicators ........................................ 86 4.1.2.2. Indicators Available at EUROSTAT Databases and Equivalent ........................................................................................... 88 4.1.2.3. Discarded Indicators from SWS2 .................................. 89 4.1.3. The Definitive List of Indicators ......................................... 90 4.1.3.1. Definitive List of Maps of the Atlas and Associated Data Details .................................................................................. 94 4.2. Methodological Specifications on the Elaboration of Indicators and Maps ......................................................................................... 95 4.2.1. The Use of Trends in Mapping ........................................... 96 4.2.2. The Consideration of Urban Areas ...................................... 97 4.2.3. A Systematisation of Problems Related to Data Gathering and Management. ........................................................................ 101 4.2.4. Specific Reference to EU Candidate Countries and Western Balkans ................................................................................ 106 4.2.5. Methodological Specifications on the Elaboration of Indicators @23, @26, @34, @43 and @46 ............................................... 107 4.2.5.1. @23: Employment in Industries with High Energy Spending ......................................................................................... 107 4.2.5.2. @26: Regional Estimation of Greenhouse Emissions ...... 113 4.2.5.3. @34: Labour Productivity .......................................... 114 4.2.5.4. @43: Relation Between Retirement Age and Life Expectancy ......................................................................................... 114 4.2.5.5. @46: People Working in the Public Sector .................... 119 4.2.6. A Note on the Envisaged Use of Previous ESPON Projects .... 120 4.2.6.1. Links of SIESTA with Previous and Ongoing ESPON Projects. ......................................................................................... 121 4.2.7. Systematic List of Indicators and Maps for the Atlas ........... 127 4.2.7.1. Economic Growth and Competitiveness ....................... 127 4.2.7.2. Green Economy, Climate Change and Energy ............... 134 3 4.2.7.3. Research, Development and Innovation ....................... 143 4.2.7.4. Education ................................................................ 148 4.2.7.5. Digital Society ......................................................... 153 4.2.7.6. Employment, Skills and Jobs ...................................... 156 4.2.7.7. Poverty and Exclusion ............................................... 164 5. Development of an Aggregate Index on the Achievement of the EU2020S by NUTS2 Regions .......................................................... 176 5.1. Introduction to the EU2020S Index ....................................... 176 5.2. Building the EU2020S Index: Data Sources and Data Quality .... 177 5.3. EU2020S Index: Overall Assessment ..................................... 194 6. Application of Multivariate Statistics to the Territorial Study of the EU2020S ..................................................................................... 196 6.1. Introduction ....................................................................... 196 6.2. K-mean Cluster Application to Identify Groups
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