Essential oils composition of different Achillea santolina L. plant parts growing in Algeria Tayeb Berramdane, Nadhir Gourine, Abdelghani Zitouni, Isabelle Bombarda, Mohamed Yousfi To cite this version: Tayeb Berramdane, Nadhir Gourine, Abdelghani Zitouni, Isabelle Bombarda, Mohamed Yousfi. Es- sential oils composition of different Achillea santolina L. plant parts growing in Algeria. Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine, Spiringer Link, 2018, 18 (3), pp.265 - 269. 10.1007/s13596- 018-0322-1. hal-01930273 HAL Id: hal-01930273 https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01930273 Submitted on 21 Nov 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Author's personal copy Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine (2018) 18:265–269 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-018-0322-1 SHORT COMUNICATION Essential oils composition of diferent Achillea santolina L. plant parts growing in Algeria Tayeb Berramdane1 · Nadhir Gourine1 · Abdelghani Zitouni2 · Isabelle Bombarda3 · Mohamed Yousf1 Received: 26 April 2018 / Accepted: 26 June 2018 / Published online: 20 July 2018 © Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University and Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract The essential oils (EOs) of leaves, fowers and stems of Achillea santolina L. (Asteraceae) collected at complete fowering stage from Southwest of Algeria, were isolated by hydrodistillation and subsequently analyzed by means of GC and GC/MS. Quantitative and qualitative diferences in chemical compositions between the studied parts of this plant were observed. The EOs were rich in oxygenated monoterpenes (65.91–79.94%). The major constituents in the fowers, leaves and stems were: camphor (68.12, 65.17, 55.72%), 1,8-cineole (8.22, 4.77, 0.7%) and α-terpineol (2.84, 5.35, 2.76%). The highest EO yields were obtained for the leaves and the fowers (0.59 and 0.49% “v/w”, respectively), whereas, the stems were characterized by very weak yield value (0.05%). Keywords Achillea santolina L. · Essential oils · Leaves · Flowers · Stems · Camphor · Cineole Introduction (Yaeesh et al. 2006), antiulcer (Abd-Alla et al. 2016), and antiradical activities (Ardestani and Yazdanparast 2007; Bali The genus Achillea is one of the most important genres of et al. 2015). Furthermore, this plant is also used as treatment the Asteraceae family and comprises 115 species, which for cancerous cells (Bali et al. 2015; Ghavami et al. 2010). are mainly distributed in Europe, Asia and North Africa More specifcally for A. santolina, the dried aerial parts and (Bremer 1994). Achillea santolina is a small shrub grows fowers of this plant were used traditionally as antidiabetic in Algeria on arid environments and the edge of cultivated and as anti-infammatory. It was also used to relieve pain or lands. There are about fve species of Achillea which are dryness of the navel, stomach pain or gas and to relieve the widely distributed in Algeria; A. ligustica All., A. lepto- symptoms of common cold (Al-Snaf 2013). Moreover, pre- phylla M.B., A. odorata L., A. santolinoïdes Lag. and A. vious experimental investigations on A. santolina confrmed santolina L. (Quézel et al. 1962). diferent biological and antioxidant activities of this plant The aerial parts of diferent species of the genus Achillea (Al-Awwadi 2010, 2013; Al-Hindawi et al. 1989; Al-Snaf are widely used in folk medicine due to various purposes and 2013; Ali and Abd El-Moaty 2017; Alkofahi et al. 1996; pharmacological properties in various biological activities, Ardestani and Yazdanparast 2006, 2007; El-Shazly et al. such as, anti-infammatory (Benedek et al. 2007), antimicro- 2004; Khalil et al. 2009; Khoori et al. 1999; Nenaah 2014; bial (Sökmen et al. 2003; Ünlü et al. 2002), antispasmodic Twaij et al. 1988; Zaringhalam et al. 2010). The volatile oil of A. santolina produced insecticidal and insect repellent * Nadhir Gourine activities on both domestic fies and honeybees (Mustafa n.gourine@lagh‑univ.dz; [email protected] and Al-Khazraji 2008). A. santolina * Mohamed Yousf To our best knowledge, growing in Algeria [email protected] did not exhibit any studies concerning the chemical com- position of their essential oil on diferent plant parts. At 1 Laboratoire des Sciences Fondamentales (LSF), Université the opposite side, and according to literature, there were Amar Télidji, Laghouat, BP. 37G, 03000 Laghouat, Algeria only few reports (coming from diferent countries of ori- 2 ENS Kouba-Alger - École normale supérieure, Kouba, gin) which investigated the chemical composition of the Algeria essential oil of the aerial parts (Bader et al. 2003; Berram- 3 CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Aix Marseille Univ., Univ. Avignon, dane et al. 2018; Mohamed and Abdelgaleil 2008; Nenaah Marseille, France Vol.:(0123456789)1 3 Author's personal copy 266 T. Berramdane et al. 2014; Rahimmalek et al. 2009) or their diferent parts (El- For the second column (aploar), analytical GC was car- Shazly et al. 2004; Motavalizadehkakhky et al. 2013a, b). ried out in a Hewlett-Packard 6890 (Agilent Technologies, The aim of this study was to investigate diference in amount Palo Alto, CA, USA) gas chromatograph with a HP GC and chemical composition of fowers, leaves and steams vol- ChemStation Rev. A.05.04 data handling system, equipped atile oils from A. santolina. with a single injector and fame ionization detection (FID) system. A graphpak divider (Agilent Technologies, part no. 5021-7148) was used for sampling to fused silica capil- Materials and methods lary column HP-5 (polydimethylsiloxane 30 m × 0.20 mm i.d., flm thickness 0.20 μm). Oven temperature program: Plant collection 70–220 °C (3 °C·min−1), 220 °C (15 min); injector tempera- ture: 250 °C; carrier gas: helium, adjusted to a linear veloc- The aerial parts of A. santolina L. (at their full fowering ity of 30 cm s−1; splitting ratio 1:40; detectors temperature: phenological stage) were collected at the end of May 2014 250 °C. from an area of the high plateaus which belongs to the region of Tousmouline at the wilaya of El-Bayadh. More specif- Gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) cally, the geographical coordinates of the exact location of this region of collection are 33°38′12″N and 0°18′51″E, and GC–MS was carried out in a Hewlett-Packard 6890 gas chro- its altitudes is 1191 m. The plant was identifed by Dr. Seridi matograph ftted with a HP-1 fused silica column (polydi- abdel-kadir from department of Agronomy, University of methylsiloxane 30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., flm thickness 0.25 μm), Laghouat. Voucher specimens have been deposited in the interfaced with an Hewlett-Packard mass selective detector herbarium of the National Agronomic Institute of Algiers 5973 (Agilent Technologies) operated by HP Enhanced (N.A.I.), Algeria (Herbarium No. P: 11). ChemStation software, version A.03.00. GC parameters as described above; interface temperature: 250 °C; MS source Essential oil extraction temperature: 230 °C; MS quadrupole temperature: 150 °C; ionization energy: 70 eV; ionization current: 60 μA; scan The plant material samples were dried in a shade at ambi- range: 35–350 units; scans s−1: 4.51. ent temperature; subsequently, they were carefully milled; Components of each EO sample were identifed by their after that they were hydrodistilled for 3 h using a Clevenger linear retention indices on both UB-Wax and SPB-1 col- type apparatus. The essential oil samples were recovered umns. Linear retention indices were calculated relative to from the distillate with diethyl-ether solvent and then dried linear homologous series of n-alkanes C8–C24. The identif- overnight using anhydrous sodium sulfate Na 2SO4. After fl- cations of the components were based on the comparison of tration the extract solutions, they were reduced at room tem- their mass spectra with those of Wiley and NIST (National perature under light vacuum pressure using rotary evaporator Institute of Standards and Technology) libraries, as well as (Rotavap). Finally, the obtained EO samples were stored at by comparison of their retention indices with those of the (+4 °C) until analysis. values of a homemade database. Essential oil analysis Results and discussion Analysis was carried out by gas chromatography (GC) using two columns and by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the (GC/MS). fowers, the leaves and the stems of A. santolina presented strong characteristic odors and yellow colors. The EO yields Gas chromatography (GC) were varying from moderate to weak values. The maximum yield was recorded for the leaves part with a value of 0.59% For the frst column (ploar), a CP-Varian 3800 gas chroma- v/w, followed by practically similar but lower yield value tograph was used with a fame ionization detector (FID), and for the fowers part (0.49%). Alternatively, the stems part a UB-Wax fused silica capillary column (60 m × 0.32 mm, yielded a very weak value of EO accounting for only 0.05%. 0.25 µm flm thickness). Oven temperature was programmed When compared with literature, the obtained yields were from 50 to 250 °C at a rate of 3 °C·min−1 and held at 250 °C lower than reported from Egypt (0.9% for all parts) (El-Sha- for 10 min. Injector and detector temperatures were set at zly et al.