Post Mortem Proteolytic Degradation of Myosin Heavy Chain in Skeletal Muscle of Atlantic Cod
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Supplementary Data
Supplementary Data for Quantitative Changes in the Mitochondrial Proteome from Subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment, Early Stage and Late Stage Alzheimer’s disease Table 1 - 112 unique, non-redundant proteins identified and quantified in at least two of the three analytical replicates for all three disease stages. Table 2 - MCI mitochondrial samples, Protein Summary Table 3 - MCI mitochondrial samples, Experiment 1 Table 4 - MCI mitochondrial samples, Experiment 2 Table 5 - MCI mitochondrial samples, Experiment 3 Table 6 - EAD Mitochondrial Study, Protein Summary Table 7 - EAD Mitochondrial Study, Experiment 1 Table 8 - EAD Mitochondrial Study, Experiment 2 Table 9 - EAD Mitochondrial Study, Experiment 3 Table 10 - LAD Mitochondrial Study, Protein Summary Table 11 - LAD Mitochondrial Study, Experiment 1 Table 12 - LAD Mitochondrial Study, Experiment 2 Table 13 - LAD Mitochondrial Study, Experiment 3 Supplemental Table 1. 112 unique, non-redundant proteins identified and quantified in at least two of the three analytical replicates for all three disease stages. Description Data MCI EAD LAD AATM_HUMAN (P00505) Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial precursor (EC Mean 1.43 1.70 1.31 2.6.1.1) (Transaminase A) (Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 2) [MASS=47475] SEM 0.07 0.09 0.09 Count 3.00 3.00 3.00 ACON_HUMAN (Q99798) Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor (EC 4.2.1.3) Mean 1.24 1.61 1.19 (Citrate hydro-lyase) (Aconitase) [MASS=85425] SEM 0.05 0.17 0.18 Count 3.00 2.00 3.00 ACPM_HUMAN (O14561) Acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial -
Human Cathepsin A/ Lysosomal Carboxypeptidase a Antibody
Human Cathepsin A/ Lysosomal Carboxypeptidase A Antibody Monoclonal Mouse IgG2A Clone # 179803 Catalog Number: MAB1049 DESCRIPTION Species Reactivity Human Specificity Detects human Cathepsin A/Lysosomal Carboxypeptidase A in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In Western blots, detects the single chain (55 kDa) and heavy chain (32 kDa) forms of recombinant human (rh) Cathepsin A. In Western blots, less than 5% crossreactivity with rhCathepsin B, C, D, E, L, O, S, X and Z is observed and no crossreactivity with the light chain (20 kDa) of rhCathepsin A is observed. Source Monoclonal Mouse IgG2A Clone # 179803 Purification Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant Immunogen Mouse myeloma cell line NS0derived recombinant human Cathepsin A/Lysosomal Carboxypeptidase A Ala29Tyr480 (predicted) Accession # P10619 Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. See Certificate of Analysis for details. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. APPLICATIONS Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website. Recommended Sample Concentration Western Blot 1 µg/mL Recombinant Human Cathepsin A/Lysosomal Carboxypeptidase A (Catalog # 1049SE) Immunoprecipitation 25 µg/mL Conditioned cell culture medium spiked with Recombinant Human Cathepsin A/Lysosomal Carboxypeptidase A (Catalog # 1049SE), see our available Western blot detection antibodies PREPARATION AND STORAGE Reconstitution Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS. Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. -
Data Sheet Cathepsin V Inhibitor Screening Assay Kit Catalog #79589 Size: 96 Reactions
6405 Mira Mesa Blvd Ste. 100 San Diego, CA 92121 Tel: 1.858.202.1401 Fax: 1.858.481.8694 Email: [email protected] Data Sheet Cathepsin V Inhibitor Screening Assay Kit Catalog #79589 Size: 96 reactions BACKGROUND: Cathepsin V, also called Cathepsin L2, is a lysosomal cysteine endopeptidase with high sequence homology to cathepsin L and other members of the papain superfamily of cysteine proteinases. Its expression is regulated in a tissue-specific manner and is high in thymus, testis and cornea. Expression analysis of cathepsin V in human tumors revealed widespread expression in colorectal and breast carcinomas, suggesting a possible role in tumor processes. DESCRIPTION: The Cathepsin V Inhibitor Screening Assay Kit is designed to measure the protease activity of Cathepsin V for screening and profiling applications. The Cathepsin V assay kit comes in a convenient 96-well format, with purified Cathepsin V, its fluorogenic substrate, and Cathepsin buffer for 100 enzyme reactions. In addition, the kit includes the cathepsin inhibitor E- 64 for use as a control inhibitor. COMPONENTS: Catalog # Component Amount Storage 80009 Cathepsin V 10 µg -80 °C Fluorogenic Cathepsin Avoid 80349 Substrate 1 (5 mM) 10 µl -20 °C multiple *4X Cathepsin buffer 2 ml -20 °C freeze/thaw E-64 (1 mM) 10 µl -20 °C cycles! 96-well black microplate * Add 120 µl of 0.5 M DTT before use. MATERIALS OR INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED BUT NOT SUPPLIED: 0.5 M DTT in aqueous solution Adjustable micropipettor and sterile tips Fluorescent microplate reader APPLICATIONS: Great for studying enzyme kinetics and screening small molecular inhibitors for drug discovery and HTS applications. -
Felipe Jun Fuzita Molecular Physiology of Digestion In
FELIPE JUN FUZITA MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY OF DIGESTION IN ARACHNIDA: FUNCTIONAL AND COMPARATIVE-EVOLUTIONARY APPROACHES Thesis presented to the Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP/Instituto Butantan/IPT, to obtain the Title of Doctor in Biotechnology. São Paulo 2014 FELIPE JUN FUZITA MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY OF DIGESTION IN ARACHNIDA: FUNCTIONAL AND COMPARATIVE-EVOLUTIONARY APPROACHES Thesis presented to the Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP/Instituto Butantan/IPT, to obtain the Title of Doctor in Biotechnology. Concentration area: Biotechnology Advisor: Dr. Adriana Rios Lopes Rocha Corrected version. The original electronic version is available either in the library of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and in the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of the University of Sao Paulo (BDTD). São Paulo 2014 DADOS DE CATALOGAÇÃO NA PUBLICAÇÃO (CIP) Serviço de Biblioteca e Informação Biomédica do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade de São Paulo © reprodução total Fuzita, Felipe Jun. Molecular physiology of digestion in Arachnida: functional and comparative-evolutionary approaches / Felipe Jun Fuzita. -- São Paulo, 2014. Orientador: Profa. Dra. Adriana Rios Lopes Rocha. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP/IPT/Instituto Butantan. Área de concentração: Biotecnologia. Linha de pesquisa: Bioquímica, biologia molecular, espectrometria de massa. Versão do título para o português: Fisiologia molecular da digestão em Arachnida: abordagens funcional e comparativo-evolutiva. 1. Digestão 2. Aranha 3. Escorpião 4. Enzimologia 5. Proteoma 6. Transcriptoma I. Rocha, Profa. Dra. Adriana Rios Lopes I. Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP/IPT/Instituto Butantan III. -
Crystal Structure of Cathepsin X: a Flip–Flop of the Ring of His23
st8308.qxd 03/22/2000 11:36 Page 305 Research Article 305 Crystal structure of cathepsin X: a flip–flop of the ring of His23 allows carboxy-monopeptidase and carboxy-dipeptidase activity of the protease Gregor Guncar1, Ivica Klemencic1, Boris Turk1, Vito Turk1, Adriana Karaoglanovic-Carmona2, Luiz Juliano2 and Dušan Turk1* Background: Cathepsin X is a widespread, abundantly expressed papain-like Addresses: 1Department of Biochemistry and v mammalian lysosomal cysteine protease. It exhibits carboxy-monopeptidase as Molecular Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia and 2Departamento de well as carboxy-dipeptidase activity and shares a similar activity profile with Biofisica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Tres de cathepsin B. The latter has been implicated in normal physiological events as Maio 100, 04044-020 Sao Paulo, Brazil. well as in various pathological states such as rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease and cancer progression. Thus the question is raised as to which of the *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] two enzyme activities has actually been monitored. Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, carboxypeptidase, Results: The crystal structure of human cathepsin X has been determined at cathepsin B, cathepsin X, papain-like cysteine 2.67 Å resolution. The structure shares the common features of a papain-like protease enzyme fold, but with a unique active site. The most pronounced feature of the Received: 1 November 1999 cathepsin X structure is the mini-loop that includes a short three-residue Revisions requested: 8 December 1999 insertion protruding into the active site of the protease. The residue Tyr27 on Revisions received: 6 January 2000 one side of the loop forms the surface of the S1 substrate-binding site, and Accepted: 7 January 2000 His23 on the other side modulates both carboxy-monopeptidase as well as Published: 29 February 2000 carboxy-dipeptidase activity of the enzyme by binding the C-terminal carboxyl group of a substrate in two different sidechain conformations. -
Supplementary Table S4. FGA Co-Expressed Gene List in LUAD
Supplementary Table S4. FGA co-expressed gene list in LUAD tumors Symbol R Locus Description FGG 0.919 4q28 fibrinogen gamma chain FGL1 0.635 8p22 fibrinogen-like 1 SLC7A2 0.536 8p22 solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 2 DUSP4 0.521 8p12-p11 dual specificity phosphatase 4 HAL 0.51 12q22-q24.1histidine ammonia-lyase PDE4D 0.499 5q12 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific FURIN 0.497 15q26.1 furin (paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme) CPS1 0.49 2q35 carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1, mitochondrial TESC 0.478 12q24.22 tescalcin INHA 0.465 2q35 inhibin, alpha S100P 0.461 4p16 S100 calcium binding protein P VPS37A 0.447 8p22 vacuolar protein sorting 37 homolog A (S. cerevisiae) SLC16A14 0.447 2q36.3 solute carrier family 16, member 14 PPARGC1A 0.443 4p15.1 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha SIK1 0.435 21q22.3 salt-inducible kinase 1 IRS2 0.434 13q34 insulin receptor substrate 2 RND1 0.433 12q12 Rho family GTPase 1 HGD 0.433 3q13.33 homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase PTP4A1 0.432 6q12 protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 1 C8orf4 0.428 8p11.2 chromosome 8 open reading frame 4 DDC 0.427 7p12.2 dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase) TACC2 0.427 10q26 transforming, acidic coiled-coil containing protein 2 MUC13 0.422 3q21.2 mucin 13, cell surface associated C5 0.412 9q33-q34 complement component 5 NR4A2 0.412 2q22-q23 nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 2 EYS 0.411 6q12 eyes shut homolog (Drosophila) GPX2 0.406 14q24.1 glutathione peroxidase -
Deficiency for the Cysteine Protease Cathepsin L Promotes Tumor
Oncogene (2010) 29, 1611–1621 & 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 0950-9232/10 $32.00 www.nature.com/onc ORIGINAL ARTICLE Deficiency for the cysteine protease cathepsin L promotes tumor progression in mouse epidermis J Dennema¨rker1,6, T Lohmu¨ller1,6, J Mayerle2, M Tacke1, MM Lerch2, LM Coussens3,4, C Peters1,5 and T Reinheckel1,5 1Institute for Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 3Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; 4Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA and 5Ludwig Heilmeyer Comprehensive Cancer Center and Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany To define a functional role for the endosomal/lysosomal Introduction cysteine protease cathepsin L (Ctsl) during squamous carcinogenesis, we generated mice harboring a constitutive Proteases have traditionally been thought to promote Ctsl deficiency in addition to epithelial expression of the invasive growth of carcinomas, contributing to the the human papillomavirus type 16 oncogenes (human spread and homing of metastasizing cancer cells (Dano cytokeratin 14 (K14)–HPV16). We found enhanced tumor et al., 1999). Proteases that function outside tumor cells progression and metastasis in the absence of Ctsl. As have been implicated in these processes because of their tumor progression in K14–HPV16 mice is dependent well-established release from tumors, causing the break- on inflammation and angiogenesis, we examined immune down of basement membranes and extracellular matrix. cell infiltration and vascularization without finding any Thus, extracellular proteases may in part facilitate effect of the Ctsl genotype. -
Human Cathepsin V / Cathepsin L2 / Preproprotein Protein (His Tag)
Human Cathepsin V / Cathepsin L2 / Preproprotein Protein (His Tag) Catalog Number: 10093-H08H General Information SDS-PAGE: Gene Name Synonym: CATL2; CTSL2; CTSU; CTSV; MGC125957 Protein Construction: A DNA sequence encoding the full length of human cathepsin L2 (NP_001324.2) (Met 1-Val 334) was expressed, with a C-terminal polyhistidine tag. Source: Human Expression Host: HEK293 Cells QC Testing Purity: > 95 % as determined by SDS-PAGE Bio Activity: Protein Description Measured by its ability to cleave the fluorogenic peptide substrate Z-LR- Cathepsin V (CTSV), also known as Cathepsin L2, CTSL2, and CATL2, is AMC, (R&D Systems, Catalog # ES008) . The specific activity is >1000 a member of the peptidase C1 family. It is predominantly expressed in the pmoles/min/μg. thymus and testis. Cathepsin V is also expressed in corneal epithelium, and to a lesser extent in conjuctival epithelium and skin. It is a lysosomal Endotoxin: cysteine proteinase that may play an important role in corneal physiology. It has about 75% protein sequence identity to murine cathepsin L. The fold < 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method of this enzyme is similar to the fold adopted by other members of the papain superfamily of cysteine proteases. Cathepsin V has been recently Stability: described as highly homologous to Cathepsin L and exclusively expressed Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -70 ℃ in human thymus and testis. Cathepsin V is the dominant cysteine protease in cortical human thymic epithelial cells, while Cathepsin L and Predicted N terminal: Val 18 Cathepsin S seem to be restricted to dendritic and macrophage-like cells. -
Urine RAS Components in Mice and People with Type 1 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol (May 3, 2017). doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00074.2017 Title: Urine RAS components in mice and people with type 1 diabetes and chronic kidney disease Running title: Urine RAS components in diabetic kidney disease Authors: Jan Wysocki, MD-PhD, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Anne Goodling, BA. Kidney Research Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA Mar Burgaya, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Kathryn Whitlock, MS. Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA John Ruzinski, BS. Kidney Research Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA Daniel Batlle, MD, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 Maryam Afkarian, MD-PhD, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 Corresponding author: Maryam Afkarian, MD-PhD, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817. Telephone: (916) 734-3774 Fax: (916) 734-7920. Email: [email protected]. Abstract word count: 250 Key words: diabetic kidney disease, renin angiotensin system, angiotensinogen, cathepsin D, angiotensin converting -
Characterization of the Cathepsin-Like Cysteine Proteinases of Schistosoma Mansoni JOHN P
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Apr. 1996, p. 1328–1334 Vol. 64, No. 4 0019-9567/96/$04.0010 Copyright q 1996, American Society for Microbiology Characterization of the Cathepsin-Like Cysteine Proteinases of Schistosoma mansoni JOHN P. DALTON,1,2 KAREN A. CLOUGH,1 MALCOLM K. JONES,3 1 AND PAUL J. BRINDLEY * Molecular Parasitology Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, and Australian Centre for International & Tropical Health & Nutrition, Post Office, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland 4029,1 and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072,3 Australia, and School of Biological Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Republic of Ireland2 Downloaded from Received 5 September 1995/Returned for modification 29 November 1995/Accepted 15 January 1996 Adult Schistosoma mansoni parasites synthesize and secrete both cathepsin L and cathepsin B cysteine proteinases. These cysteine proteinase activities, believed to be involved in hemoglobin digestion by adult schistosomes, were characterized by using specific fluorogenic peptide substrates and zymography. Both cathepsin L- and B-like activities with pH optima of 5.2 and 6.2, respectively, predominated in soluble extracts of worms, and both these activities were secreted by adult worms into the culture medium. The specific activity of cathepsin L was about double that of cathepsin B when each was assayed at its pH optimum, and moreover, the specific activities of cathepsins L and B in extracts of female schistosomes were 50 to 100% higher than in http://iai.asm.org/ extracts of male schistosomes. Analysis of the primary structure of two cloned S. mansoni cathepsins L, here termed cathepsin L1 and cathepsin L2, revealed that they are only 44% similar and that cathepsin L2 showed more identity (52%) with human cathepsin L than with schistosome cathepsin L1. -
©Ferrata Storti Foundation
Original Articles T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma shows transcriptional features suggestive of a tolerogenic host immune response Peter Van Loo,1,2,3 Thomas Tousseyn,4 Vera Vanhentenrijk,4 Daan Dierickx,5 Agnieszka Malecka,6 Isabelle Vanden Bempt,4 Gregor Verhoef,5 Jan Delabie,6 Peter Marynen,1,2 Patrick Matthys,7 and Chris De Wolf-Peeters4 1Department of Molecular and Developmental Genetics, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; 2Department of Human Genetics, K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Bioinformatics Group, Department of Electrical Engineering, K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 4Department of Pathology, University Hospitals K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 5Department of Hematology, University Hospitals K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 6Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, and 7Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Citation: Van Loo P, Tousseyn T, Vanhentenrijk V, Dierickx D, Malecka A, Vanden Bempt I, Verhoef G, Delabie J, Marynen P, Matthys P, and De Wolf-Peeters C. T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma shows transcriptional features suggestive of a tolero- genic host immune response. Haematologica. 2010;95:440-448. doi:10.3324/haematol.2009.009647 The Online Supplementary Tables S1-5 are in separate PDF files Supplementary Design and Methods One microgram of total RNA was reverse transcribed using random primers and SuperScript II (Invitrogen, Merelbeke, Validation of microarray results by real-time quantitative Belgium), as recommended by the manufacturer. Relative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction quantification was subsequently performed using the compar- Ten genes measured by microarray gene expression profil- ative CT method (see User Bulletin #2: Relative Quantitation ing were validated by real-time quantitative reverse transcrip- of Gene Expression, Applied Biosystems). -
Proteolytic Cleavage—Mechanisms, Function
Review Cite This: Chem. Rev. 2018, 118, 1137−1168 pubs.acs.org/CR Proteolytic CleavageMechanisms, Function, and “Omic” Approaches for a Near-Ubiquitous Posttranslational Modification Theo Klein,†,⊥ Ulrich Eckhard,†,§ Antoine Dufour,†,¶ Nestor Solis,† and Christopher M. Overall*,†,‡ † ‡ Life Sciences Institute, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada ABSTRACT: Proteases enzymatically hydrolyze peptide bonds in substrate proteins, resulting in a widespread, irreversible posttranslational modification of the protein’s structure and biological function. Often regarded as a mere degradative mechanism in destruction of proteins or turnover in maintaining physiological homeostasis, recent research in the field of degradomics has led to the recognition of two main yet unexpected concepts. First, that targeted, limited proteolytic cleavage events by a wide repertoire of proteases are pivotal regulators of most, if not all, physiological and pathological processes. Second, an unexpected in vivo abundance of stable cleaved proteins revealed pervasive, functionally relevant protein processing in normal and diseased tissuefrom 40 to 70% of proteins also occur in vivo as distinct stable proteoforms with undocumented N- or C- termini, meaning these proteoforms are stable functional cleavage products, most with unknown functional implications. In this Review, we discuss the structural biology aspects and mechanisms