Armour Protection TNO Has Built up an Extended Experience in Ballistic Protection for Both Personnel and Platforms
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Denv S090015 Military Vehicle Protection.Qxd
Defence TNO | Knowledge for business Military vehicle protection Finding the best armour solutions circuit armour. All these current and future armours require constant and rigorous testing under fully controlled conditions. The Laboratory for Ballistic Research is a state of the art research facility of TNO and able to provide these conditions. New threats In today's scenarios, the threat to a military vehicle may come from any direction, including above and below. The crew of a military vehicle not only has to deal with more or less 'standard' fire from the enemy in front, but - more often than not - also with asymmetric threats like rocket-propelled grenades, explosively formed projectiles, mines and improvised explosive devices. The RPG7, for instance, is able to cut through 250 mm of armour steel. Falling prey to any of these threats, also known as a 'cheap kill', Developments in vehicle armour never stop. It's not just the nature of the is something that has to be avoided at all threat that is continually changing, but we also have to deal with new times. TNO uses its highly advanced resources and decades of expertise in armour trends in warfare, like lightweight armoured vehicles. For survival, today's research to help governments and and tomorrow's military vehicles will not only have to rely on armour, but manufacturers achieve their aim: the optimal e.g. also on mobility and manoeuvrability. TNO supports its clients - protection of military vehicles against the governments and manufacturers - in finding the best armour solutions for widest possible range of ballistic threats. -
Constructing a Heavy-List Gambeson Tips and Techniques
Constructing a Heavy-List Gambeson Tips and Techniques Lady Magdalena von Regensburg mka Marla Berry [email protected] July 16, 2005 An Historic Overview “Mail is tough but flexible; it resists a cutting sword-stroke but needs a padded or quilted undergarment as a shock absorber against a heavy blow.”1 Quilted garments were part of soldiers’ kits in varying forms and with varying names throughout most of the SCA timeline. As early as the late Roman/early Byzantine period there is documentation for quilted or padded coats called Zabai or Kabadia.2 Illuminations from Maciejowski Bible (circa 1250) show aketons or gambesons. “These terms seem to have been interchangeable but the weight of evidence From “Jonathan and his Armor- suggests that ‘aketon’ refers to garments worn under the mail while bearer Attack the Philistines,” gambesons were worn over or instead of it...The gambeson is often from the Maciejowski Bible, referred to in contemporary accounts as being worn by the common circa 1250. soldiery and, indeed, is part of the equipment required by the Assize of Arms of 1185 of Edward I of England.”3 Extant examples from the fourteenth century include the pourpoint of Charles de Blois (d. 1364) and the late fourteenth century jupon of Charles VI. Fifteenth century documents mention arming doublets and padded jacks. These garments were worn under maille, over maille, under plate, over plate, or on their own. Some were designed to encase maille or plate. “Infantry, as laid down in the Assize of Arms of 1182, often wore one of two types of gambeson. -
The Evolution of Armour Steel
May 26, 2021 Clad in Steel: The Evolution of Armour Steel A little over a century ago, the armed forces of the British Empire received a new type of land-based military vehicle. The British Admiralty led the vehicle’s development in the utmost secrecy. To justify the connection with the Royal Navy, the invention was called a “landship” in official documents. As the Admiralty also managed oil production and processing, it decided to codename this vehicle the “tank” to mislead adversaries. This name is still used for self-propelled tracked armoured combat vehicles. Nowadays, armed forces around the world have hundreds of different types of tanks and other self-propelled vehicles. A key feature that they share is an armoured hull made of specialty grade steel . This protects the crew and critical parts from bullets, shells and other devastating effects. Over the past 100 years, one of the main challenges for designers has been to reduce the weight of armoured vehicles while increasing the level of protection that they provide. Aside from products for military use, civilian applications for armoured vehicles have also been developed. At the beginning of the 20th century, steel plates were used to reinforce the carriages of royalty and high-ranking officials. Today, armoured vehicles are used by heads of state, businesspeople, sport stars and entertainers. They are also used by government agencies and security services, as well as by banks for cash collection and transportation. Below, we discuss what armour is, how these steels evolved, as well as the role that Ukraine played in these developments. -
Fighting Vehicle Technology
Fighting Vehicle Technology 41496_DSTA 60-77#150Q.indd 1 5/6/10 12:44 AM ABSTRACT Armoured vehicle technology has evolved ever since the first tanks appeared in World War One. The traditional Armoured Fighting Vehicle (AFV) design focuses on lethality, survivability and mobility. However, with the growing reliance on communications and command (C2) systems, there is an increased need for the AFV design to be integrated with the vehicle electronics, or vetronics. Vetronics has become a key component of the AFV’s effectiveness on the battlefield. An overview of the technology advances in these areas will be explored. In addition, the impact on the human aspect as a result of these C2 considerations will be covered. Tan Chuan-Yean Mok Shao Hong Vince Yew 41496_DSTA 60-77#150Q.indd 2 5/6/10 12:44 AM Fighting Vehicle Technology 62 and more advanced sub-systems will raise the INTRODUCTION question of how the modern crew is able to process and use the information effectively. On the modern battlefield, armies are moving towards Network-Centric Warfare TECHNOLOGIES IN AN (NCW). Forces no longer fight as individual entities but as part of a larger system. Each AFV entity becomes a node in a network where information can be shared, and firepower can Firepower be called upon request. AFVs are usually equipped with weapon Key to this network fighting capability is the stations for self-protection and the communications and command (C2) system. engagement of targets. Depending on By enabling each force to be plugged into the threat, some are equipped with pintle the C2 system, information can be shared mount systems for light weapons (e.g. -
Armour As a Symbolic Form
Originalveröffentlichung in: Waffen-und Kostümkunde 26 (1984), Nr. 2, S. 77-96 Armour As a Symbolic Form By Zdzislaw Zygulski Jr. „It is perfectly possible to argue that some distinctive objects are made by the mind, and that these objects, while appearing to exist objectively, have only a fictional reality." E. W. Said, Orientalism, New York 1979 Somewhere in the remote past of mankind armour was born, its basic purpose being to protect the soft and vulnerable human body in combat. It is somewhat surprising that in the course of Darwinian evolution man lost his natural protective attributes, above all hair, and slowly became what is called, with some malice, ,,the naked ape". Very soon man the hunter adopted animal skins as his first dress and also as armour. The tradition of an armour of leather is very ancient and still lingers in the word ,,cuirass". Various natural substances such as hard wood, plant fibres, bones, hoofs, or even tusks were used to make the body protection more resistant, but as soon as metallurgy had been mastered metal became the supreme material for all kinds of weaponry, both offensive and defensive. Since a blow to the head was often lethal, special attention was paid to the pro tection of that principal part of the body: early bronze helmets of conical shape are represented in the Sume rian art as early as the third millennium B. C.l. The shield, a prehistoric invention, although detached from the body and movable, may also be considered as a kind of armour. In the course of centuries a great number of types of armour and innumerable actual specimens were crea ted. -
Cavalry: an Optimized Capability for Ado
CAVALRY: AN OPTIMIZED CAPABILITY FOR ADO Maj R.M.R. Morin JCSP 41 PCEMI 41 Exercise Solo Flight Exercice Solo Flight Disclaimer Avertissement Opinions expressed remain those of the author and Les opinons exprimées n’engagent que leurs auteurs do not represent Department of National Defence or et ne reflètent aucunement des politiques du Canadian Forces policy. This paper may not be used Ministère de la Défense nationale ou des Forces without written permission. canadiennes. Ce papier ne peut être reproduit sans autorisation écrite. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as © Sa Majesté la Reine du Chef du Canada, représentée par represented by the Minister of National Defence, 2015. le ministre de la Défense nationale, 2015. CANADIAN FORCES COLLEGE – COLLÈGE DES FORCES CANADIENNES JCSP 41 – PCEMI 41 2014 – 2015 EXERCISE SOLO FLIGHT – EXERCICE SOLO FLIGHT CAVALRY: AN OPTIMIZED CAPABILITY FOR ADO Maj R.M.R. Morin “This paper was written by a student “La présente étude a été rédigée par un attending the Canadian Forces College stagiaire du Collège des Forces in fulfilment of one of the requirements canadiennes pour satisfaire à l'une des of the Course of Studies. The paper is a exigences du cours. L'étude est un scholastic document, and thus contains document qui se rapporte au cours et facts and opinions, which the author contient donc des faits et des opinions alone considered appropriate and que seul l'auteur considère appropriés et correct for the subject. It does not convenables au sujet. Elle ne reflète pas necessarily reflect the policy or the nécessairement la politique ou l'opinion opinion of any agency, including the d'un organisme quelconque, y compris le Government of Canada and the gouvernement du Canada et le ministère Canadian Department of National de la Défense nationale du Canada. -
Ballistic Impact on Ceramic/Aramid Armour Systems
BALLISTIC IMPACT ON CERAMIC/ARAMID ARMOUR SYSTEMS (Report-draft version) 09/03/2003 1. SUMMARY A combined numerical and experimental study for the analysis of Ceramic/Kevlar 29 composite armour system against 4.0g NATO 5.56 mm calibre bullet has been performed. In all cases the projectiles impacted orthogonal to the target and the ceramic tile is not bonded to the aramidic plate. The ballistic performance of the lightweight armour systems was examined to obtain an estimate for the V50 and the global damage of the composite plates. All estimates were performed by varying the thickness of ceramic tiles, while maintaining equal areal density of the system. Simulation predictions and trial results is demonstrated both in terms of deformation and damage of the laminates and ballistic performance. The Mohr-Coulomb (MC) strength model and linear equation of state (EOS) are used to model the ceramic layer. The micro mechanical failure of ceramic is modelled using a cumulative damage model. An advanced orthotropic model [ ] implemented in Autodyn hydrocode, which use non-linear equation of state in conjunction with an orthotropic stiffness matrix is used to model the Kevlar 29/Epoxy layer. A model of the bullet was developed using material data available from existing Autodyn model libraries and parameters modified based upon the measured hardness of the bullet´s individual components. In numerical programme two models in the Autodyn software are realised to capture the main events in failure processes: projectile erosion, crack propagation, ceramic conoid formation and failure of backing plate. One is made of Lagrangian brick elements only, and the second one uses SPH elements for the ceramic layer of plate. -
The Evolution of Plate Armor in Medieval Europe and Its Relation to Contemporary Weapons Development
History, Department of History Theses University of Puget Sound Year 2016 Clad In Steel: The Evolution of Plate Armor in Medieval Europe and its Relation to Contemporary Weapons Development Jason Gill [email protected] This paper is posted at Sound Ideas. http://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/history theses/21 Clad in Steel: The Evolution of Plate Armor in Medieval Europe and its Relation to Contemporary Arms Development Jason Gill History 400 Professor Douglas Sackman 1 When thinking of the Middle Ages, one of the first things that comes to mind for many is the image of the knight clad head to toe in a suit of gleaming steel plate. Indeed, the legendary plate armor worn by knights has become largely inseparable from their image and has inspired many tales throughout the centuries. But this armor was not always worn, and in fact for most of the years during which knights were a dominant force on battlefields plate was a rare sight. And no wonder, for the skill and resources which went into producing such magnificent suits of armor are difficult to comprehend. That said, it is only rarely throughout history that soldiers have gone into battle without any sort of armor, for in the chaotic environment of battle such equipment was often all that stood between a soldier and death. Thus, the history of both armor and weapons is essential to a fuller understanding of the history of war. In light of this importance, it is remarkable how little work has been done on charting the history of soldiers’ equipment in the Middle Ages. -
CAMAC Brochure
www.npaerospace.com CAMAC Platform Armour Complete Composite Platform Armour Systems We Have Delivered: At Up To Half the Weight of Steel Alternatives NP Aerospace combines core competencies in materials technology, manufacturing processes and integration to deliver world-leading CAMAC® composite armour systems for vehicles, ships and aircraft. Engineered using a unique combination of advanced ceramic and structural composite materials, our high performance multi-hit CAMAC® armour weighs up to 50% less than equivalent steel products. Our armour systems are tailored to the requirements of the threat, the individual The full armour package for SAIC’s ACV 1.1, Spall liner and full armour integration for the Mastiff family of vehicles, including Mastiff, platform and its operational duties. Our capabilities include: including applique armour, spall liners and lightweight composite floatation boxes. Ridgback, Wolfhound and Buffalo. • CAMAC® Spall liners for enhanced crew protection • CAMAC® Appliqué armour systems for vehicle and other platforms • CAMAC® Ultra-light semi-structural armour systems for protected weapon stations and other applications • CAMAC® Composite survivability pods for light patrol vehicles An integrated survivability capsule for TATA Motors, Shaped spall liner for the BAE Systems saving over 1 tonne of weight against steel alternatives. Terrier combat engineering vehicle. Lightweight collapsible protected Covert vehicle armour for a weapons stations for Navistar. variety of base platforms. 2 3 CAMAC Platform Armour CAMAC® Appliqué Armour CAMAC® Semi-Structural Armour CAMAC® Appliqué armour provides lightweight, multi-hit protection for new and existing CAMAC® ultra-light semi-structural armour provides platforms against a wide range of threats including small or medium calibre weapons, effective multi-hit protection for vehicle-mounted weapon improvised explosive devices (IEDs) or rocket propelled grenades (RPGs). -
The Success of the Light Armoured Vehicle
Canadian Military History Volume 20 Issue 3 Article 9 2011 The Success of the Light Armoured Vehicle Ed Storey Canadian Expeditionary Forces Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/cmh Recommended Citation Storey, Ed "The Success of the Light Armoured Vehicle." Canadian Military History 20, 3 (2011) This Feature is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Canadian Military History by an authorized editor of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Storey: Light Armoured Vehicle The Success of the Light Armoured Vehicle Ed Storey s a military vehicle enthusiast make them cost effective and easier AI was quite excited to see the Abstract: In order to understand the to deploy. article by Frank Maas in Canadian purchase of military vehicles, one must The AVGP series of vehicles Military History dealing with the understand the vehicle and where it falls purchased by Canada in 1976 was in the evolution of vehicle procurement. Canadian Light Armoured Vehicle This article, written in response to an a 10.7 ton, 6 wheeled amphibious (LAV) series of vehicles (vol.20, earlier article in Canadian Military vehicle based on the Swiss Mowag no.2 Spring 2011). I was also keenly History by Frank Maas, examines the Piranha I. Canada bought three interested in the article as my Father chronology and motivations behind versions: the Cougar 76 mm Fire was stationed at CFB Petawawa in the Canadian acquisition of wheeled Support Vehicle, the Grizzly armoured fighting vehicles. -
The Arms and Armour of 1066
Suitable for ages 11-16 KS3 & KS4 History KS3 & KS4 English The Arms and Armour of 1066 The year 1066 is famous for changing the course of English history. The death of Edward I, also known as Edward the Confessor, caused a succession crisis. Three contenders would fight for the English crown and the right to rule the country. ° Harold Godwinson of Saxon England ° Harald Hardrada of Norway ° William the Duke of Normandy All three believed they had a right to the English throne. In order to fight for the crown they needed armies with weapons, armour and battle tactics. The ensuing epic battles of Fulford, Stamford Bridge and Hastings have earned their place in the history books, and led to William Duke of Normandy becoming King of England. Let’s focus on the Battle of Hastings and have a look at the weapons and armour the warriors used nearly 1,000 years ago. Additional resources Watch a video all about the arms and armour of 1066 on our YouTube channel. Arms & Armour of 1066 / © Royal Armouries / April 2020 / 1/5 The Saxons Axes Types of Saxon warriors Axes were a very common weapon in Europe at that time. Saxon Housecarls are often depicted armed with axes on the Bayeux Tapestry, and the Viking warriors of Hardrada’s army would certainly have wielded them too. This axe head, from our collection, is possibly of Viking origin. These weapons caused a huge amount of damage and injury. The axe head would be mounted on a long handle, between 1.5 and 2 metres in length. -
Armour & Weapons in the Middle Ages
& I, Ube 1bome Hnttquarg Series ARMOUR AND WEAPONS IN THE MIDDLE AGES t Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/armourweaponsinmashd PREFACE There are outward and visible signs that interest in armour and arms, so far from abating, is steadily growing. When- ever any examples of ancient military equipment appear n in sale-rooms a keen and eager throng of buyers invariably | assembles ; while one has only to note the earnest and ' critical visitors to museums at the present time, and to compare them with the apathetic onlookers of a few years J ago, to realize that the new generation has awakened to j j the lure of a fascinating study. Assuredly where once a single person evinced a taste for studying armour many | now are deeply interested. t The books dealing with the subject are unfortunately ' either obsolete, like the works of Meyrick, Planche, Fos- broke, Stothard, and others who flourished during the last L century, or, if recent, are beyond the means of many would-be students. My own book British and Foreign Arms and Armour is now out of print, while the monographs of I Charles ffoulkes, the Rev. Charles Boutell, and | Mr Mr Starkie Gardner are the only reasonably priced volumes j now obtainable. It seemed, therefore, desirable to issue a small handbook which, while not professing in the least to be comprehensive, would contain sufficient matter to give the young student, y the ' man in the street,' and the large and increasing number of persons who take an intelligent interest in the past just j that broad outline which would enable them to understand more exhaustive tomes upon armour and weapons, and 5 ARMOUR AND WEAPONS possibly also to satisfy those who merely wish to glean sufficient information to enable them to discern inac- curacies in brasses, effigies, etc., where the mind of the medieval workman—at all times a subject of the greatest interest—has led him to introduce features which were not in his originals, or details which he could not possibly have seen.