DOCSLIB.ORG

Human Rights in Senegal

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Human Rights in Senegal HUMAN RIGHTS IN SENEGAL 1 INTRODUCTION Senegal is a country in West Africa and it attained independence from France in 1960. It is located at the westernmost point of the continent and served by multiple breaths of air and maritime travel routes, Senegal is known as the “Gateway to Africa.” The country lies at an ecological boundary where semiarid grassland, oceanfront, and tropical rainforest converge; this diverse environment has endowed Senegal with a wide variety of plant and animal life. It is from this rich natural heritage that the country’s national symbols were chosen: the baobab tree and the lion. The most important city in Senegal is its capital, Dakar. This lively and attractive metropolis which is located on Cape Verde Peninsula along the Atlantic shore is a popular tourist destination (Camara, Clark & Hargreaves 2018). The country is a republic with a president elected to five-year terms. There are more than 80 political parties in Senegal. There is a bicameral parliament with a National Assembly, with 120 seats, and the Senate, with 100 seats. Senegal has an independent judiciary. The highest branches of this are the constitutional court and the court of justice. Senegal is one of the most successful African democracies. The president appoints local administrators. Senegalese religious leaders known as marabouts have strong political influence. In 1994, Senegal began ambitious reforms of the economy with international support. Initially, the currency, the CFA franc, devalued 50 percent and is now linked to the Euro. Price controls have also been dismantled. The reforms helped the economy and GDP grew 5 percent per year from 1995 to 2001. The inflation is currently at 0.8 percent. Senegal’s major industries are mining, cement, food processing, artificial fertilizer, textiles, chemicals, refining, and tourism. Major exports are chemicals, cotton, fish, fabrics, groundnuts, 2 and calcium phosphate. India is the major foreign market and accounts for 26.7 percent of exports (Africa.com 2017). On the surface, Senegal looks like a country that will not trample on the fundamental human rights of its citizens. Paris Francophone Institute for Freedoms (PFIF) a non-profit, non-governmental organization devoted to the promotion and reinforcement of commitments to the ethics, principles, and norms of human rights takes a closer look at the situation of human rights in Senegal. CURRENT HUMAN RIGHTS IN SENEGAL Since Senegal attained independence in 1960, the country has functioned with a liberal democratic, constitutional system of government. A multi-party system has been the norm of the Senegalese polity. One legacy of the country's colonial history is that Senegal has produced one of Africa's best intelligentsia. Senegal is a country of ethnic and religious diversity, which has a cosmopolitan outlook on issues. It has, on the whole, a tradition of pluralism, with a highly-organized civil society, including trade unionists, students, academics and other professionals. The pluralistic character of the society is expressed through the lively, albeit often elitist, discourse which is reflected in the spectrum of print media which exists in the country. Senegal has also had strong legal and political institutions since independence. The Senegalese Constitution of 1963 proclaimed respect for freedom and liberties and provided for their protection. It protects political liberties, the right to form trade unions, rights of the individual, freedom of worship, right to property and other economic and social rights. The country has ratified or acceded to ten international human rights covenants and conventions without any reservations. It also ratified the African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights in 1982. 3 Since 1988, however, the Senegalese state has been sliding gradually into a type of "democratic authoritarianism." Certain articulate sectors of the society challenged the election results of 1988 as having been rigged, and considerable violence ensued. Since that time, the government appears to be narrowing the space for civil society. One study, for example, indicates that from February 1988 to the beginning of November 1993, the government authorized only three applications related to the right to assemble and demonstrate. As recently as March 8, 1994, the authorities refused permission for a number of groups to demonstrate in celebration of International Women's Day. The continuous invocation of public order by the government is perceived by many human rights NGOs as a pretext to violate the right to assembly. The state appears for some time now to have resorted to the politics of confrontation. The result is that much of the political and social cohesion which existed before is now threatened, and there are signs of fragmentation. Confidence in political and legal institutions, such as the judiciary, has also been shaken. There are other factors which are sources of political cleavages. The separatist movement in southern Senegal (Casamance) is one. The government has responded to the Jolas' quest for secession with repression by the security forces. Over the last five years, Amnesty International and Senegalese NGOs have recorded several instances of torture and unlawful detention in that region. A phenomenon which has made subtle inroads into Senegalese political life is religion. The country is 95% Muslim and 5% Catholic. Many people feel that the government is being held hostage by religious leaders called marabouts, who wield considerable influence both within the government and in society as a whole. The concern is that their interests are not necessarily 4 harmonious with human rights standards and the interests of human rights advocates. Women's rights organizations, in particular, have been alarmed at the emerging fundamentalism. The government itself has been sufficiently frightened by the activities of one sect to prohibit it. There is also creeping corruption in Senegalese politics as a result of the need to pacify the marabouts and other political cronies. These factors, together with the recent currency devaluation, have created considerable social tension, evidence of which can be seen in the number of prominent opposition politicians who have been detained unlawfully since February 1994. Constitutionally, most human rights are protected by law in Senegal. An explicit exception concerns the rights of gay and lesbians, who are discriminated in Article 319.3 of the Senegalese penal code criminalizing “un-natural” consensual sexual conduct among adults. Breach of this law may be punished with five years in prison and a fine. FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION According to Amnesty Report (2018), there is no freedom of expression in Senegal. Journalists, artists, social media users and others who expressed dissent were arbitrarily arrested. On 30 June, journalist OuleyeMané and three others were arrested for “publishing pictures which offended morality” and “criminal conspiracy” after sharing photographs of the President on WhatsApp. They were released on bail on 11 August. Ami ColléDieng, a singer, was arrested in Dakar on 8 August and charged with "offending the head of state” and "spreading false news", after she sent an audio-recording criticizing the President on WhatsApp. She was released on bail on 14 August. In August, the Public Prosecutor issued a formal warning to anyone posting “offensive” comments or images on the internet, as well as to site administrators, that they faced prosecution for cybercrimes under the Criminal Code. 5 The new Press Code, adopted by the National Assembly in June, was vaguely worded and provided for custodial sentences for press offenses. It allowed the Ministers of Interior and of Communication to ban foreign newspapers and periodicals and provided for prison terms and fines for anyone defying the ban. Article 192 empowered administrative authorities to order the seizure of property used to publish or broadcast information, to suspend or stop a television or radio programme, and to provisionally close a media outlet on national security or territorial integrity grounds, among other things. It provided for prison sentences for offenses including “offending” the head of state, defamation, insults, the transmission or distribution of images contrary to morality, and spreading false news. It criminalized various techniques used by whistleblowers, for which prison terms would be imposed. Article 227 allowed for restriction of access to online content deemed to be “contrary to morality”, to “degrade honor” or to be “patently unlawful”, in certain cases. ETHNIC MINORITIES AND GROUPS Over 40 percent of Senegal’s 12.5 million people live in rural areas. The annual rate of urbanization is 3.32 percent. Population density varies depending on the region. According to international surveys, there are over 20,000 refugees in Senegal, most of which are from Mauritania. There are many ethnic groups in Senegal and many languages are spoken. Over 43 percent of the people in Senegal belong to the Wolof ethnic group. Others are the Peul and Toucouleur, Serer, Lebou, Jola, Mandinka, Maures, and Bassari. Approximately 50,000 Europeans and Lebanese reside in Senegal. Most Lebanese work in the commercial sector. 6 The official language is French, which is used regularly by a minority in Senegal. Most people speak an ethnic language and in Dakar, Wolof is widely used. In Ziguinchor, the capital of Casamance, Portuguese Creole is widely spoken. The predominant religion is Sufi Islam, which more than 90 percent
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download.Aspx?Symbolno=CAT/C/SEN/CO/3&Lan G=En>, (Last Consulted April 2015)
    SENEGAL: FAILING TO LIVE UP TO ITS PROMISES RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE EVE OF THE AFRICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS’ REVIEW OF SENEGAL 56TH SESSION, APRIL- MAY 2015 Amnesty International Publications First published in 2015 by Amnesty International, West and Central Africa Regional Office Immeuble Seydi Djamil, Avenue Cheikh Anta Diop x 3, rue Frobenius 3e Etage BP. 47582 Dakar, Liberté Sénégal www.amnesty.org © Amnesty International Publications 2015 Index: AFR 49/1464/2015 Original Language: English Printed by Amnesty International, International Secretariat, United Kingdom All rights reserved. This publication is copyright, but may be reproduced by any method without fee for advocacy, campaigning and teaching purposes, but not for resale. The copyright holders request that all such use be registered with them for impact assessment purposes. For copying in any other circumstances, or for reuse in other publications, or for translation or adaptation, prior written permission must be obtained from the publishers, and a fee may be payable. To request permission, or for any other inquiries, please contact [email protected] Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 3 million supporters, members and activists in more than 150 countries and territories who campaign to end grave abuses of human rights. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................. 4 Follow-up to the 2003 Review.......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Avhandilng Selboe.Pdf (1.284Mb)
    Elin Selboe Changing continuities: Multi-activity in the network politics of Colobane, Dakar Dissertation submitted for the PhD degree in Human Geography Faculty of Social Sciences Department of Sociology and Human Geography University of Oslo August 2008 Table of Contents List of acronyms ................................................................................................................... vii Summary ............................................................................................................................... ix Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... xi 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 Research questions ................................................................................................................. 4 Outline of the dissertation ...................................................................................................... 6 2. Ethnography and fieldwork in Colobane .................................................... 11 Introduction to Senegal, Dakar and Colobane ..................................................................... 11 Researching local political practices through ethnographic fieldwork ................................ 14 The choice of Colobane as the setting for research and fieldwork .................................. 16 Working in the field: participation, observation and conversations/
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report Sometimes Brutally
    “Human rights defenders have played an irreplaceable role in protecting victims and denouncing abuses. Their commitment Steadfast in Protest has exposed them to the hostility of dictatorships and the most repressive governments. […] This action, which is not only legitimate but essential, is too often hindered or repressed - Annual Report sometimes brutally. […] Much remains to be done, as shown in the 2006 Report [of the Observatory], which, unfortunately, continues to present grave violations aimed at criminalising Observatory for the Protection and imposing abusive restrictions on the activities of human 2006 of Human Rights Defenders rights defenders. […] I congratulate the Observatory and its two founding organisations for this remarkable work […]”. Mr. Kofi Annan Former Secretary General of the United Nations (1997 - 2006) The 2006 Annual Report of the Observatory for the Protection Steadfast in Protest of Human Rights Defenders (OMCT-FIDH) documents acts of Foreword by Kofi Annan repression faced by more than 1,300 defenders and obstacles to - FIDH OMCT freedom of association, in nearly 90 countries around the world. This new edition, which coincides with the tenth anniversary of the Observatory, pays tribute to these women and men who, every day, and often risking their lives, fi ght for law to triumph over arbitrariness. The Observatory is a programme of alert, protection and mobilisation, established by the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH) and the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) in 1997. It aims to establish
    [Show full text]
  • Human Rights Assessment in Senegal
    Human Rights Assessment in Senegal Report November 2015 Executive summary Arla is now taking its next steps in West Africa with the announcement of two new joint venture com- panies in Senegal and Nigeria. The move is part of Arla’s strategy to develop new markets outside Europe and to fulfil its ambition in Sub-Saharan Africa. As Arla continues to expand its business activities in African markets, it is essential to the long-term success of our business that the company's growth is achieved in a responsible way that does not bring unintentional negative consequences for the local dairy sector and its related communities. As part of Arla’s commitment to respecting human rights, as outlined in the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, the company has the responsibility to assess and address our human rights impacts. The purpose of this human rights assessment is, therefore, to identify whether Arla’s activities actually or potentially cause, contribute or are linked to a deterioration of human rights in Senegal with a specific emphasis on working opportunities, working conditions and adequate living standards for local farmers who depend on raw milk production, processing, distribution, marketing and sales of dairy products. In order to conduct the assessment, it has been of utmost importance to consult the local dairy farm- ers who are the most vulnerable in terms of human rights, in order to get a first-hand understanding of their involvement in the local dairy value chains in Senegal. A significant methodological approach has therefore been to observe and understand the dairy activities on a local level and to follow these from cow to consumer.
    [Show full text]
  • Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung
    KONRAD ADENAUER STIFTUNG AFRICAN LAW STUDY LIBRARY Volume 12 Edited by Hartmut Hamann, Ibrahima Diallo and Chadidscha Schoepffer Hartmut Hamann is a lawyer specialized in providing legal support for international projects between states and private companies, and in international arbitration proceedings. He is a professor at the Freie Universität Berlin, and at the Chemnitz University of Technology, where he teaches public international law and conflict resolution. His legal and academic activities often take him to Africa. Since 2001 Ibrahima Diallo has been a research assistant specializing in public law at the University Gaston Berger of Saint Louis. He currently teaches public law and his research field is comprised of the following: the constitutions, fundamental rights, the state, decentralization, administrative and constitutional jurisdictions, public commercial law and public finances. He has published several books: the Law of Regional Authorities in Senegal (L’Harmattan 2008) and Landmark Decisions of Senegal’s Constitutional Court (co-author). He has also published several articles: Research on Africa’s Model Constitutional Jurisdiction (AIJC 2005); The Prefect’s future in French Public Law (AJDA December 2006) and the Exception of Illegality within Senegal’s New Judicial System (Revue URED June 2011). Mr. Diallo is also a consultant to several national and international organizations. He advises on issues relating to decentralization and natural, soil and water resource administration. Chadidscha Schoepffer, M.J.I., coordinator of projects and researcher at the International Research Center of Development and Environment at the Justus-Liebig University in Gießen (Germany), is a member of the executive committee of the Association of African Law.
    [Show full text]
  • Periodic Report
    REPUBLIC OF SENEGAL ONE PEOPLE – ONE PURPOSE – ONE FAITH PERIODIC REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AFRICAN CHARTER ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS DES DROITS DE L’HOMME ET DES PEUPLES PRESENTED BY THE REPUBLIC OF SENEGAL April 2013 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS General Introduction CHAPTER 1: SOME ANSWERS TO THE CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS OF THE AFRICAN COMMISSION I. On the Casamance issue II. On the issue of street children III. On prison conditions (a) General information on Senegalese prisons (b) Rehabilitation of prison facilities in Senegal (c) Improving living conditions of detainees (d) New social reintegration policy (e) Improving working and living conditions of prison staff IV. On the issue of creating a conducive environment for the expression of media pluralism and freedom of the press in keeping with the principles of the Charter (a) Constitutional guarantees on the right to information and freedom of expression (b) Constraints (c) Achievements and prospects (1) Draft press code (2) Grant to the media (3) Establishment of cyber journalism in the regions (4) Press Centre (5) Community Radio Stations Support Project (PARCOM) (6) Switching from analogue to digital audiovisual network CHAPTER 2 : OVERVIEW OF GENERAL DATA AND STATISTICS I. Demographic, economic, social and cultural features II. Constitutional and political developments CHAPTER 3 : GENERAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS CHAPTER 4 : PRESENTATION OF THE PREPARATORY PROCESS FOR THIS PERIODIC REPORT CHAPTER 5 : BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AFRICAN CHARTER IN SENEGAL A. IMPLEMENTATION OF CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS : I. Compliance with rules on non-discrimination (Articles 2 and 3) : 1 II.
    [Show full text]
  • Core Document Forming Part of the Reports of States Parties Senegal
    United Nations HRI/CORE/SEN/2011 International Human Rights Distr.: General 19 October 2011 Instruments English Original: French Core document forming part of the reports of States parties Senegal* [15 February 2011] * In accordance with the information transmitted to States parties regarding the processing of their reports, the present document was not edited before being sent to the United Nations translation services. GE.11-46636 (E) 030212 060212 HRI/CORE/SEN/2011 Contents Paragraphs Page I. General data and statistics....................................................................................... 1–28 3 A. Demographic, economic, social and cultural characteristics .......................... 1–21 3 B. Constitutional, political and legal structure .................................................... 22–28 6 II. General framework for the protection and promotion of human rights .................. 29–52 7 A. Acceptance of international human rights norms at the national level ........... 29–33 7 B. Legal framework for the protection and promotion of human rights at the national level......................................................................................... 34–48 9 C. Reporting process for the promotion of human rights at national level.......... 49–52 11 III. Implementation of substantive human rights provisions......................................... 53–78 11 A. Non-discrimination and equality .................................................................... 53–60 11 B. Remedies and procedural safeguards.............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • “These Children Don't Belong in the Streets” a Roadmap for Ending Exploitation, Abuse of Talibés in Senegal
    “THESE CHILDREN DON’T BELONG IN THE STREETS” A Roadmap for Ending Exploitation, Abuse of Talibés in Senegal HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH “These Children Don't Belong in the Streets” A Roadmap for Ending Exploitation, Abuse of Talibés in Senegal Copyright © 2019 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-37892 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org DECEMBER 2019 ISBN:978-1-6231-37892 “These Children Don't Belong in the Streets” A Roadmap for Ending Exploitation, Abuse of Talibés in Senegal Map: Locations of Research in Senegal ............................................................................. i Terminology ................................................................................................................... ii Acronyms .....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography on Islam in Contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa Schrijver, P
    Bibliography on Islam in contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa Schrijver, P. Citation Schrijver, P. (2006). Bibliography on Islam in contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa. Leiden: African Studies Centre. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/12922 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) License: Leiden University Non-exclusive license Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/12922 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). Bibliography on Islam in contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa African Studies Centre Research Report 82 / 2006 Bibliography on Islam in contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa Paul Schrijver Published by: African Studies Centre P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands Tel. +31 (0)71-527 33 72 Fax: +31 (0)71-527 33 44 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ascleiden.nl Printed by PrintPartners Ipskamp BV, Enschede ISBN-10: 90 5448 067 x ISBN-13: 978 90 5448 067 9 © African Studies Centre, Leiden, 2006 Contents Preface vii I AFRICA (GENERAL) 1 II WEST AFRICA 21 West Africa (General) 21 Benin 32 Burkina Faso 32 Côte d'Ivoire 36 Gambia 39 Ghana 39 Guinea 43 Guinea-Bissau 43 Liberia 44 Mali 45 Mauritania 53 Niger 56 Nigeria 60 Senegal 114 Sierra Leone 139 Togo 141 III WEST CENTRAL AFRICA 143 Angola 143 Cameroon 143 Central African Republic 147 Chad 147 Congo 149 Gabon 150 IV NORTHEAST AFRICA 151 Northeast Africa (General) 151 Eritrea 152 Ethiopia 153 Somalia 156 Sudan 160 v V EAST AFRICA 189 East Africa (General) 189 Burundi 197 Kenya 197 Mozambique 205 Rwanda 206 Tanzania 206 Uganda 212 VI INDIAN
    [Show full text]
  • Presidential Authority and the 2001 Constitution of Senegal Judy Scales-Trent
    North Carolina Central Law Review Volume 34 Article 5 Number 1 Volume 34, Number 1 10-1-2011 Presidential Authority and the 2001 Constitution of Senegal Judy Scales-Trent Follow this and additional works at: https://archives.law.nccu.edu/ncclr Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, and the Constitutional Law Commons Recommended Citation Scales-Trent, Judy (2011) "Presidential Authority and the 2001 Constitution of Senegal," North Carolina Central Law Review: Vol. 34 : No. 1 , Article 5. Available at: https://archives.law.nccu.edu/ncclr/vol34/iss1/5 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by History and Scholarship Digital Archives. It has been accepted for inclusion in North Carolina Central Law Review by an authorized editor of History and Scholarship Digital Archives. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Scales-Trent: Presidential Authority and the 2001 Constitution of Senegal PRESIDENTIAL AUTHORITY AND THE 2001 CONSTITUTION OF SENEGAL JUDY SCALES-TRENT* ABSTRACT This article begins with a brief introduction to Senegal and a sum- mary of its constitutional history, from the First Constitution in 1960, through the modifications made to the 2001 Constitution. Through these changes we see the radical increase of presidential authority over time. The article then describes Okoth-Ogendo's notion of an "African Paradox," which he describes as a commitment to the notion of a Constitution, but without the classical notion of constitutionalism. Next, it applies Okoth-Ogendo's analytic framework to Senegal to see if that country is part of this "African Paradox." The article concludes by describing the demonstrations and riots that took place in Senegal in June 2011, as the Senegalese reacted with rage to the President's latest proposal to modify the Constitution.
    [Show full text]
  • 20Th Activity Report Covers the Period from January to June 2006
    AFRICAN UNION UNION AFRICAINE UNIÃO AFRICANA Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA P. O. Box 3243 Telephone +251115- 517700 Fax : +251115- 517844 Website : www.africa-union.org EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Ninth Ordinary Session 25 – 29 June 2006 Banjul, THE GAMBIA EX.CL/279 (IX) REPORT OF THE AFRICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS EX.CL/279 (IX) Page 1 TWENTIETH ACTIVITIY REPORT OF THE AFRICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS Section I: Period covered by the Report 1. The 20th Activity Report covers the period from January to June 2006. 2. It is important to recall that the 19th Activity Report of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (the African Commission) had been adopted by decision Assembly/AU/DEC.101 (VI) during the 6th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the African Union held from 23rd to 24th January 2006 in Khartoum, Sudan, after having been considered by the Executive Council. Section II: Holding of the 39th Ordinary Session 3. Since the adoption of the 19th Activity Report in January 2006, the African Commission held a Session, the 39th Ordinary Session, which was held in Banjul, The Gambia, from the 11th to 25th May 2006. The Agenda of the 39th Ordinary Session is attached as Annex One (1) of this Report. 4. The 39th Ordinary Session was preceded by the following meetings: • The NGO Forum, whose objective was to prepare the contribution of the Members of the Commission and that of the partners to the deliberations of the said Session. The NGO Forum was held from 6th to 8th May 2006, in Banjul, The Gambia.
    [Show full text]
  • National Action Plan UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION
    National Action Plan UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION To cite this National Action Plan, please include the URL and the following information in the citation: Unofficial translation, funded by ARC DP160100212 (CI Shepherd). This National Action Plan was translated into English as part of a research project investigating the formation and implementation of the Women, Peace and Security agenda. This is not an official translation. This research was funded by the Australian Research Council Discovery Project Scheme (grant identifier DP160100212), and managed partly by UNSW Sydney (the University of New South Wales) and partly by the University of Sydney. The project’s chief investigator is Laura J. Shepherd, who is Professor of International Relations at the University of Sydney and Visiting Senior Fellow at the LSE Centre for Women, Peace and Security. If you have questions about the research, please direct queries by email to [email protected]. Republic of Senegal ***************** Ministry of Gender and Relations with African and Foreign Women’s Associations NATIONAL ACTION PLAN STEERING IMPLEMENTATION OF RESOLUTION 1325 COMMITTEE (2000) OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL OF THE UNITED NATIONS Steering committee for the formulation of the National Action Plan of Senegal for Resolution 1325 (2000) of the Security Council of the United Nations © Ministry of Gender and Relations with African and Foreign Women’s Associations, May 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .......................................... 3 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 5 CHAPTER II: TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE AND METHODOLOGY ................................................................................. 15 CHAPTER III: SYSTEMIC AND PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONTEXT IN SENEGAL BY MEANS OF A STUDY OF THE 18 OBJECTIVES AND 26 INDICATORS OF RES.
    [Show full text]