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Myanmar Mandalay-15-03-2019.Indd This Mandalay region dashboard on financial inclusion gives a % high-level overview of the adult % Kachin population uptake and usage Sagaing ( of financial products and % services. The dashboard % Shan also describes the adult Chin ( ( perceptions, attitudes % and needs within the % Mandalay Mandalay region. Magway ( ( % % Rakhine Nay Pyi Taw ( ( % Bago % Demographics ( Kayah ( % Mandalay is home % Ayeyarwady Kayin to about 4.38 million ( ( adults or close to 13% of % % the adult population in Yangon ( Tanintharyi Myanmar. The largest % ( concentration of adults Mon are in Yangon (17%) and ( Mandalay (13%). Adult population by State/Region % Married % Divorced/ % % Separated % Mandalay % Myanmar % Widowed % % Single Marital Urban % status Rural Rural vs. urban % 18 - 24 years Male % Mandalay % Female 25 - 34 years % Male Myanmar % Female 35 - 44 years % 45 - 54 years % % % % 55 - 64 years % % % 65 years % % and older % Age (%) Male vs. female 1USD = ± MMK1,320 % % No income % % 46 $1—$100 % % % OF MANDALAY $101—$200 % % HOUSEHOLDS $201—$300 % % INVOLVED IN 46 % are dependent $301—$400 FARMING on savings for % Mandalay % Myanmar of these their farming $401—$500 % inputs % $501—$1000 % 14% borrow from MADB $1001—$2000 % 3% claim not to use any inputs Monthly Refused/ % income Household involvement in farming (%) do not know % USD (%) Collection centres % Middleman/agents % % 43 Wholesaler% OF FARMER Directly to consumers % HOUSEHOLDS ARE Processing centres MOSTLY % Other (Specify) SUBSISTENCE OR % LARGELY FARMING Retailer % Markets for commercial farmers FOR OWN CONSUMPTION % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Farming Self- Formally- Formally- Informally- Remittances Other No & fishing employed employed employed employed dependent income income (Government) (Private) Main source of income (%) Mandalay Myanmar 53’ 58’ 54’ 42’ 50’ 48’ 50’ 49’ 31’ 34’ 35’ 34’ 36’ 38’ 23’ 24’ 8’ 10’ Grocery Public Bank ATM Post Market Medical MFI Mobile store access office facility money Mean time taken to reach destination (minutes - dry season) Myanmar MANDALAY 1USD = ± MMK1,320 % % No income % % 46 $1—$100 % % % OF MANDALAY $101—$200 % % HOUSEHOLDS $201—$300 % % % INVOLVED IN 46 are dependent % $301—$400 % Dealing with finances FARMING on savings for Mandalay % % is stressful/a burden of these their farming $401—$500 % Myanmar You adjust your expenses % inputs % $501—$1000 % % according to your income 14% borrow from MADB $1001—$2000 % A budget helps to keep track of % 3% claim not to use any inputs Monthly Refused/ % income how much money you can spend % % do not know USD (%) % Household involvement in farming (%) You often have to spend more Mandalay money than you have available % Myanmar Collection centres % You keep track of your % Adult Middleman/agents % income and expenditure % % population 43 on a monthly basis Agreeing with Wholesaler % statement (%) OF FARMER MILLION Directly to consumers % HOUSEHOLDS ARE Processing centres MOSTLY % % Unplanned expenses e.g. new clothes % Other (Specify) SUBSISTENCE OR % % Mandalay LARGELY FARMING Irregular/unreliable income Retailer % Myanmar % FOR OWN % Markets for commercial farmers % CONSUMPTION Not enough income 41 % OF MANDALAY % % % % % % % % Unexpected events % ADULTS HAVE % /have to pay for necessities DEPLETED % % Other HOUSEHOLD FUNDS % Reasons for not % % % % % % % % FOR FOOD AND OTHER Skipping meal % planning (% of Don’t know CRITICAL LIVING % those not planning) NEEDS BEFORE THEIR NEXT INCOME Poverty symptoms reduced % Farming Self- Formally- Formally- Informally- Remittances Other No & fishing employed employed employed employed dependent income income nationally between 2013 (Government) (Private) and 2018 (22% to 18%). % Main source of income (%) % Mandalay citizens have the same prevalence of hunger Skipping treatment Mandalay 74 Myanmar OF ADULTS HAVE HAD A and educational symptoms 53’ 50’ 58’ 54’ 50’ 42’ 48’ 49’ MAJOR EXPENSE OR EVENT as the national average. 31’ 34’ 35’ 34’ 36’ 38’ 23’ 24’ 8’ 10’ % % % % % Skipping school Grocery Public Bank ATM Post Market Medical MFI Mobile Borrow/ Rely on Savings store access office facility money credit family/friends % of households experiencing Mean time taken to reach destination (minutes - dry season) Mechanism for paying for major expense (%) poverty symptom Main Regulated/ Financial Main Mandalay adults use different financial mechanisms (both Focus unregulated Uptake Product Provider(s) formal and informal), ranging from borrowing and pawning Formal % Payments Bank MEDICAL LIVING EDUCATION of goods to saving and investing, to meet their top three Financial Access EXPENSES EXPENSES EXPENSES needs which are medical, living, and education expenses. Savings groups, Informal % Savings Products jewellery, livestock Inclusion Mandalay Formal % Payments Bank Myanmar FinScope measures the perceived Depth ownership/usage of financial products. Formally % Multiple Savings groups, jewellery, % Informal % Savings served If an adult (18 years or older) believes to products only livestock % Banked currently have or use a product or service % from an institution (e.g. MADB) or % Formal Payments Bank Other formal % family/friend, the individual is classified (non-bank) % as accessing financial services, either Savings groups, % Informal % Savings Informal % formally or informally. This classification Urban jewellery Area % may deviate from supply-side information Excluded % (on formal product reporting) as one Formal % Credit MFI, cooperatives adult may have multiple products with Financial access overall (with overlaps) (%) Savings groups, similar institutions (e.g. savings account Informal % Rural Savings jewellery, livestock with two banks). FinScope only counts this adult once although having multiple Formal % Payments Bank products in the access strand. The ‘banked’ Banked % Other formal category has precedence over other formal % % Credit Savings Payments Insurance Savings groups, Informal % Savings % channels which has precedence over Male jewellery informal channels. Hence, Finscope and Gender % % % % % % % % % % Payments, supply-side may differ when reporting on Formal % Bank, MFI, cooperatives Formal credit adult perceptions versus accounts in the Informal % corresponding supply side analysis. Savings groups, Female Informal % Savings Excluded jewellery % % % % % % % % % Overall 48% of Myanmar adults are Overview of financial access (%) formally served while 50% are informally Informal Cross-use between bank products and services, served. Comparatively, 51% of Mandalay Financial access (overall) other formal (non-bank) and informal products Formal (regulated) vs. informal usage of financial products (%) adults are formally served with 56% of adults being served informally. Mandalay region has Bank access in Mandalay is identical to the national average but with a higher other 21% of its households with a formal account formal (non-bank) product uptake. Differences to the national average may be Formal % just below the 24% national average. explained by economic activity, stability, remote financial access points and general savings % Mandalay % perceptions of financial services. Banked Myanmar % % % % % Other formal % Mandalay (non-bank) % % % % % % % % Informal % One household Myanmar one account (%) Mandalay Myanmar % At home % Other formal Financial access Banked Informal only Excluded % (non-bank) strand (%) Not saving % Mandalay adult product ownership or usage is largely driven by credit from other formal (non- Savings overall (with overlaps) (%) bank) at 16%. Overall the MADB (13%), MFIs % % % % % % % (10%) and Cooperatives (7%) service the state. % % % % % % % MADB MFI Cooperatives % Mandalay 27 % % % % % % % % % % % % Mandalay % % % Myanmar Myanmar % % % OF MANDALAY ADULTS CLAIM Female Male Rural Urban Penetration levels Savings Savings other Savings Savings Do not Saving TO BELONG TO INFORMAL at bank formal (non-bank) informal at home save - formal product up-take (%) Mandalay access strand by gender (%) Mandalay access strand by location (%) strand (%) SAVINGS GROUPS. Main Regulated/ Financial Main Mandalay adults use different financial mechanisms (both Focus unregulated Uptake Product Provider(s) formal and informal), ranging from borrowing and pawning Formal % Payments Bank MEDICAL LIVING EDUCATION of goods to saving and investing, to meet their top three Access EXPENSES EXPENSES EXPENSES needs which are medical, living, and education expenses. Savings groups, Informal % Savings Products jewellery, livestock Mandalay Formal vs. informal usage of financial products Formal % Payments Bank Myanmar Depth Formally % Mandalay adults have a high use of informal products with savings informal being Multiple Savings groups, jewellery, % Informal % Savings served products only livestock the most popular one. Payments and credit have high use of formal mechanisms. % Banked % % Informal credit comprises mostly current borrowing from money lenders employers Formal Payments Bank Other formal % (non-bank) % and getting goods in advance from shop/store. Informal insurance largely Savings groups, % comprises community based groups or solidarity systems and funeral or burial Informal % Savings Informal % Urban jewellery societies referred to as Nar yay athin. Informal savings comprises village savings Area % Excluded % groups such as Su Jay or Su-mae, savings in livestock and jewellery. Formal % Credit MFI, cooperatives Financial
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