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Subject Index

NOTE: This index lists Abrams, Pete 21:3 Lands Conservation Act 1:4, 3:2, 21:2, 22:2, 23:2 Barnette, E.T. 22:1 most of the subjects Active, John 6:3 (ANILCA) 8:4, 18:3, 3:4, 5:4, 7:2, 7:3, 9:1, Arctic 3:2, 5:4, 6:2, 7:2, Barren Islands 19:3 Adak Island 7:3, 22:2, 19:3, 20:2, 20:3 10:3, 13:2, 18:2, 18:4, 9:4, 12:1,12:4, 13:2, Barrow 1:1, 5:4, 16:2, and people The 22:4 Alaska Native Arts and 19:2, 21:1, 21:3, 21:4, 20:3 19:2, 21:3, 25:4 Geographic Society has Admiralty Island 1:3, 5:2, Crafts 6:1, 6:3, 7:3, 8:3, 22:2, 22:4, 24:4, 25:4 Arctic Circle 7:1, 7:2, Barter Island 16:2, 20:3 covered in its first 100 7:2, 8:4, 18:3, 20:2, 9:2, 11:3, 12:3, 16:2, Aleutian Islands National 10:4 Bats 8:2, 19:3 issues. The numbers 20:4 17:3, 17:4, 20:2, 21:2, Wildlife Refuge 22:2 Arctic National Wildlife Bears 1:3, 3:4, 4:3, 8:2, (for example, 21:3) Adney, Edwin Tappan 21:4, 22:2, 23:2 Aleutian Range 9:1 Refuge 4:2, 16:2, 19:2, 9:2, 12:4, 15:3, 15:4, 19:1 Alaska Native Claims Alexandrovski 17:1 20:3, 20:4, 23:3 16:1, 17:3, 18:3, 19:2, refer to the Volume and Afognak (community) Settlement Act Alsek River 2:4, 25:2 Arctic Ocean 5:4, 16:2 19:3, 20:2, 20:3, 20:4, Number of the issue 4:3, 19:3 (ANCSA) 3:2, 4:4, 6:3, Alutiiq 12:3, 21:2, 23:2 Arctic Village 7:1, 20:3 21:1, 21:2, 21 :4, 23:4 containing that subject. Afognak Island 4:3, 19:3 7:1, 8:4, 19:3, 20:2, Amaknak Island 18:4, Armstrong, Karl 6:3 Beaufort Sea 5:4, 16:2, For a numerical listing Agattu Island 7:3, 22:2, 23:2 22:2 Arnold, Gen. "Hap" 22:4 20:3 of back issues, please 22:4 Alaska Native Culture Ambler 23:3 Arrigetch peaks 23:3 Beaver Round-up 17:1 Agriculture 5:1, 7:1, 7:2, 4:4, 6:3, 7:2, 8:3, 9:2, Amchitka Island 22:2 Asia 21:4 Beavers 7:1, 8:2, 17:1, tum to page 144. 11:2, 11:3, 19:2 11:3, 12:3, 16:3, 17:2, American Geographical Athabaskans 6:3, 7:1, 8:1, 17:4 Akhiok 4:3, 19:3 17:3, 17:4, 18:3, 19:2, Society 9:1 10:4, 12:3, 14:4, 15:4, Beaver Creek 8:1 Akiachak 15:4 19:3, 20:1, 21:2, 21:4, Amilak Bay 16:1 16:3, 17:4, 20:3, 21:4, Becharof Lake 16:1, 21:1, Akiak 15:4 22:2, 23:2 Amstrup, Steven 20:4 22:1, 23:2 22:1 Akulurak Mission 17:4 3:2, 7:2, 16:2, Atka Island 22:2 Becharof National Akutan Island 7:3, 22:2 13:2, 18:4, 19:2, 21:1, 23:3 Attu Island 18:4, 22:2, Wildlife Refuge 16:1, Allakaket 7:1 21:4 Anaktuvuk River 23:3 22:4, 25:4 21 :1, 21:3 Alakanuk 17:4 Alaska Railroad 16:3, Anchorage 5:1,10:2, 15:3, Atwood, Evangeline 23:1 Beechey, Frederick W. Alaska Commercial Co. 21:2, 22:1, 23:1, 25:1, 16:3, 18:1, 18:2, 19:2, Atwood, Robert B. 23:1 16:2 15:4, 17:3, 17:4, 18:4, 25:4 21:1, 21:3, 22:4, 23:1, Augustine Volcano 4:1, Beier, LaVern 18:3, 20:4 19:3, 22:2, 24:2 1:2, 7:2, 24:4, 25:1, 25:3, 25:4 18:2 Bering 9:1, 16:4 Alaska Department of 9:1, 15:3, 15:4, 16:3, Anderson, Carl 21:3 Auke Bay 17:2 Bering Land Bridge 21 :4 Fish and Game 16:1, 19:2, 21:4, 25:3 Angoon 1:3, 5:2, 18:3, Auke Lake 17:2 Bering River 16:4 16:2, 18:3 Alaska State Parks 4:4, 20:2 Aumiller, Larry 16:1, 20:4 Bering Sea 1:4, 3:2, 5:4, Alaska Engineering 7:2 Aniak 15:4 Aurora borealis 6:2, 7:2, 6:1, 7:2, 13:2, 15:4, Commission 23:1 Alaska statehood 23:1, Aniak River 15:4 18:1 19:2, 21:4, 25:4 Alaska Highway 2:2, 25:1 Aniakchak Crater 4:1, Bering Strait 5:4 10:1, 16:3, 19:1, 19:2, Alaska Steamship Co. 21:1, 21:4 Backcountry 1:2,13:2 Bering, Vitus 22:2 22:4,25:2 16:4 Animals, introduced Bagoy Family 20:4, 21:1 Beringia 21:4, 25:2 Alaska-Juneau Mine 17:2 Alaska Volcano species 19:3 Bailey, Elizabeth 22:3 Berries 23:2, 23:3 Alaska Marine Highway Observatory 18:2 Annette Island 24:1 Baleen 16:2 Berry, Clarence 15:2 5:2, 9:2, 19:3, 20:2, Alatna 7:1 Antarctic 3:3 Ban Island 19:3 Berton, Pierre 24:2 21:2, 24:1 23:3 Anvik 17:3 9:2, 20:2 Best, Fred 16:3 Alaska Maritime National Aleknagik 17:1 Applegate, Martha and Baranov, Aleksandr 9:2, Bethel 6:1, 15:4, 19:2 Wildlife Refuge 21:1, Aleuts 5:4, 6:3, 9:3, 12:3, Samuel18:4 13:1, 19:3 Bettles 7:1, 21:3, 23:3 21:2, 22:2 18:4, 21:1, 21:4, 22:2, Archaeology 8:3, 9:2, Barnard, Lt. John 17:3 Binkley Family 16:3, 22:1 Alaska National Interest 22:4, 23:2 12:3, 18:4, 19:3, 20:2, Barnes, Vic 20:4 Birch Creek 17:3

138 ALASKA GEOGRAPHIC® Birds 1:1, 2:3, 3:1, 3:3, Canning River 20:3, 23:3 Chukchi Sea 5:4, 8:3, Dalton Trail 8:1 25:4 4:3, 5:1, 5:3, 7:1, 7:2, Cantwell 15:3 16:2, 19:2 Dawson City 2:2, 7:4, Eielson Visitor Center 7:3, 8:3, 9:3, 11 :3, 12:1, Canyon City 19:1 Chulitna River 15:3 14:4, 15:2, 16:3, 19:1, 15:3 12:4, 16:1, 16:2, 17:3, Cape Krusenstern Churchill, Delores 23:2 24:2, 25:2 Ekuk 17:1 19:3, 20:1, 20:2, 20:3, National Monument Circle 7:1, 17:3 Deer, Sitka black-tailed Ekwok 17:1 21:1, 21 :2, 22:1, 22:2, 8:3 Circle City 15:2 8:2, 18:3, 20:2, 20:3 Elfin Cove 5:2, 9:2 23:3, 25:2 Capitol Building 17:2 Clarks Point 17:1 De Laguna, Frederica Elk, Roosevelt 8:2 Bird Treatment and Captain's Bay 18:4 Climate 1:2, 3:2, 7:1, 7:2, 20:3 Elliot Highway 7:1 Learning Center 24:4 Carbon dating 21:4 8:1, 13:3, 21:4 Delaney Park 23:1 Elmendorf Air Force Base Bison, American 8:2 Caribou 1:1, 4:2, 8:2, 8:3, Cloe, John Haile 22:4 Delong Mountains 23:3 23:1, 25:4 Black, George 15:2 12:4, 15:3, 15:4, 16:1, Coal 9:4, 16:3, 16:4, Delta Junction 16:3 Emmonak 17:4 Black, Martha 15:2 16:2, 16:3, 17:1, 17:3, 19:4, 21 :1, 21:2, 21:4 Demientieff, Sam 17:3 Boating 6:4, 7:1, 7:2, 17:4, 19:2, 20:3, 21 :1, Coast Mountains 9:1, Dempster Highway 25:2 23:3 11 :4, 14:4, 20:1, 23:2 21:2, 21:4, 23:4 17:2, 19:1 Dena'ina 21:2, 23:1 Eskimos (see also Inupiat Bogoslof Island 4:1, 18:2, Carmack, George Cold Bay 21:1, 22:4 7:1, 15:3 and Yup'ik) 4:2, 5:3, 22:2 Washington 15:2, 24:2, Coldfoot 23:3 7:1, 5:4, 6:1, 6:3, 8:3, 10:4, Bonanza Creek (Alaska) 25:2 Cole, Terrence 22:1 10:1, 15:3 11:1, 12:3, 15:4, 16:2, 16:3 Carmacks 25:2 Coleen River 20:3 Denali National Park and 17:1, 17:4, 19:2, 20:3, Bonanza Creek (Canada) Catherine the Great 18:4 Columbia Glacier 9:1, Preserve 7:1, 9:1, 15:3, 21:2, 21:4, 22:4 15:2 Catholic Church 17:3, 20:1 19:2, 19:4, 20:4, 23:4 Ester 22:1 Bonanza Hills 17:1 17:4 Colville River 4:2, 16:2, 15:3 Etivluk River 23:3 Boyle, Joe 15:2 Cattle 19:3 21 :4 Dickey, William 15:3 Evans Island 20:1 Brackett's wagon road Chagulak Island 22:2 Colville Village 16:2 Dillingham 17: 1 Exxon Valdez oil spill 19:1 Chandalar River 7:1 Commander Islands 22:2 Dinosaurs 21:4 19:3, 20:1, 21:2 Brainerd, Erastus 24:2 Chatanika 16:3 Cook Inlet 3:4, 5:1, 10:2, Dogs 7:1,14:1, 15:2, 15:3, Eyak 6:3, 12:3, 21:4, 23:2 1:4, 3:4, 5:3, Chatham Strait 20:2 10:3, 15:3, 18:2, 19:2, 15:4, 16:3, 22:1, 25:4 Eyak Lake 16:4 5:4, 10:3, 16:1, 17:1, Chena Hot Springs 22:1 20:1, 20:2, 21 :1, 21 :4, Dogsledding/mushing 19:2, 24:3 Chena River 16:3, 22:1 23:1, 24:3 7:1, 7:2, 14:1, 21 :2, Fairbanks 6:2, 7:1, 11 :2, Broadway Street 19:1 Chenega Bay 20:1 Cook, Capt. James 5:1, 22:1 15:3, 16:3, 18:1, 19:2, Brooks, Alfred Hulse Chernofski Harbor 18:4 5:3, 13:1, 18:4 Dolphins 8:2 19:4, 21:3, 22:1, 24:2, 15:3, 22:3 Chevak 6:1, 17:4 Cooper Landing 21 :2 Douglas 17:2, 20:2 25:1, 25:4 Brooks Camp 16:1 Chichagof Island 5:2, Copper 16:3, 22:3 Dredges 15:3, 15:4 False Pass 21 :1, 22:2 4:2, 7:2, 9:2, 20:2 Copper River 8:1, 13:1, Dutch Harbor (see Fate, Mary Jane and 8:3, 9:1, 10:4, 16:2, Chignik 10:3, 21:1 16:3, 16:4 Unalaska/Dutch Hugh 6:3 19:2, 20:3, 21:3, 21:4, Chilkat River Valley 11:3, Copper River Highway harbor) Feero Family 19:1 23:3 20:2 16:4 Dyea 19:1 Fejes, Claire 20:2 Brooks River 16:1, 20:4 Chilkoot Pass 2:2, 15:2, Copper River & Fickus, Bill and Lill 21:3 Buckner, Gen. Simon 19:1, 24:2, 25:2 Northwestern Railway Eagle (community) 7:1, Firth River 25:2 Bolivar 22:4 Chilkoot Trail19:1, 24:2 16:4 17:3 Fish Buldir Island 22:2 Chirikof Island 19:3 Copper Trail 16:4 Eagles 1:3, 11:3, 18:3, Albacore 1:4 Bullock, Edith Rose 21 :3 Chisana 16:3 Cordova 2:3, 16:3, 16:4, 20:2, 21:2, 24:4 Anchovy 1:4 Bureau of Indian Affairs Chitina 16:4 20:1, 25:1 Earthquake Park 19:2, Barracuda 1:4 (BIA) 15:4 Chitina Valley 8:1 Coyotes 8:2 23:1 Carp 1:4 Butler, Gen. William 0 . Chitistone River 8:1 Craig 5:2, 20:2, 24:1 Earthquakes 5:1, 7:2, Cod 18:4, 19:3, 21 :1, 22:4 Chugach Alaska Corp. Crooked Creek 15:4 13:1, 16:1, 16:4, 19:2, 24:3 20:1 Crosby, Mattie 22:1 19:3, 19:4, 20:1, 21:2, Flatfish 1:4 Camp Denali 15:3 6:3, Curry Ridge 15:3 21:4, 23:1, 25:1 Groundfish 1:4 Canada 1:1, 2:2, 5:4, 6:4, 9:1, 20:1, 23:1, 25:3 Education 7:2, 9:4, 15:4, Halibut 1:4, 19:3, 20:1, 7:4, 10:1, 12:1,13:3, Dall, William Healey 16:3, 22:1, 23:1 21 :1, 21:2, 24:3 14:4, 15:2, 21 :4, 22:4 16:4, 20:1, 21 :2 22:3 Egegik 16:1, 21:1, 22:1 Herring 1:4, 19:3, Canneries 1:4, 3:4, 9:2, 5:1, Dalton Highway (North Eielson Air Force Base 20:1, 24:3 16:1, 16:4, 17:1, 17:2, 23:1 Slope Haul Road) 7:1, 22:1, 25:4 Mackerel 1:4 19:3, 20:2, 21 :1,24:1 Chugach Terrane 16:4 16:2, 23:3 Eielson, Carl Ben 22:1, Pomfret 1:4

ALASKA GEOGRAPHIC® 139 Rockfish 1:4, 24:3 Punter Bay 18:3 Grand Forks 7:4 Hoonah 5:2, 20:2 jensen, Carl 21 :3 Salmon 1:4, 15:4, 16:1, Fur Rendezvous 14:1, Grayling (community) Hooper Bay 17:4 23:3 16:3, 16:4, 17:1, 17:2, 23:1 17:3 Horses 15:2, 15:3, 16:3, Johnston, Capt. Elias 17:3, 17:4, 18:3, 21 :1, Fur seal, northern 8:2, Green Island 20:1 19:3, 19:4, 21:4 24:2 21:2, 24:3 9:3, 18:4 Green, Loy 21:3 Howard, William jones, Robert "Sea Otter" Sardines 1:4 Fur trade 7:2, 9:2, 13:1, Greens Creek Mine 22:3 Lauriston 23:3 22:2 Saury 1:4 14:2, 17:3, 18:4, 19:3, Griggs, Dr. Robert F. 16:1, Hubbard Glacier 9:1 juneau 5:2,17:2, 19:2, Shad 1:4 20:2, 21:1, 21 :2, 22:2, 18:2 Hudson, Ray 18:4 20:2, 21:3, 24:2, 25:1, Sharks 1:4 24:1 Gruening, Ernest 22:4, Hudson's Bay Co. 25:2 25:4 Smelt 1:4, 15:4 23:1, 25:1 Hulahula River 20:3, 23:3 juneau Icefield 9:1, 17:2, Sturgeon 1:4 Galaktionoff, Nick 18:4 Gulf of Alaska 1:4, 2:4, Hunker Creek 15:2 20:2, 25:3 Swordfish 1:4 Galena 7:1, 17:3 3:2, 5:4, 13:1, 13:2, Hunter, Celia 22:1 Juneau, joe 17:2 White Seabass 1:4 Gardening 8:3, 11:2, 16:4, 19:2, 20:1, 25:4 Hunting 7:2, 8:1, 8:2, Fishing, commercial :).:4, 17:3, 23:1 Gustavus 5:2, 15:1 8:3, 15:3, 15:4, 16:1, Kachemak Bay 21:2, 24:3 2:3, 2:4, 3:4, 4:3, 5:3, Gastineau Channel 17:2 16:2, 17:3, 18:3, 19:3, Kahiltna Glacier 15:3 6:1, 7:2, 7:3, 8:3, 9:2, Gates of the Arctic Haidas 6:3, 12:3, 14:2, 20:3, 20:4, 21:4, 23:2 Kake 5:2, 20:2 9:3, 10:3, 11:3, 13:1, National Park and 20:2, 21:4, 23:2 Huslia 7:1 Kaktovik 16:2, 20:3 13:4, 14:2, 15:4, 16:1, Preserve 4:2, 8:3, 10:4, Haines 5:2, 11:3, 19:2, Hydaburg 5:2, 20:2 Kalskag 15:4 16:2, 16:3, 16:4, 17:1, 23:3 20:2 Hyder 5:2, 14:2, 24:1 Kamchatka 18:4 17:2, 17:3, 17:4, 18:3, Geographic Harbor 16:1 Haines Junction 25:2 Kanakanak 17: 1 18:4, 19:2, 19:3, 20:3, Geology 1:1, 2:4, 3:1, Halibut Cove 21:2 Ice ages 9:1, 15:1, 21:4 Kanatak 22:1 21 :2, 22:2, 23:2, 24:3 3:2, 3:4, 4:1, 4:2, 5:1, Harding, President Ice carving 22:1 Kantishna Mining Fishing, sport 4:3, 5:3, 5:3, 8:1, 9:4, 12:1, 13:4, Warren 19:4, 22:1 Ice, sea 1:1, 3:3, 7:2 District 15:3 7:2, 8:1, 16:1, 17:1, 16:2, 16:4, 18:3, 19:3, Hare, Snowshoe 8:2 Iceworm Festival 16:4 Kantishna River 15:3 18:3, 19:2, 20:2, 21:2 20:3, 21 :1, 21 :4, 23:3, Harper, Arthur 15:2, 15:3 Icy Bay 20:2 Kantishna 15:3 Fish wheels 16:3, 17:3 24:1 Harper, Walter 15:3 Icy Cape 16:2 Karluk 19:3 Flat 15:4 George, Gabriel 18:3 Harriman Alaska Iditarod (historical Karluk River 19:3 Flight 5:1, 5:3, 7:2, 17:2, George, Jimmie Sr. 18:3 Expedition 9:1, 19:3 community) 15:4, 22:1, Karstens, Harry 15:3 22:4, 25:4 George, Lydia 18:3 Harrington, Richard 2:2, 24:2 Kasaan 5:2 Floods 16:3 George Parks Highway 3:3 Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Kashega Bay 18:4 Forests 1:3, 2:4, 5:2, 7:1, 7:1, 15:3 Harris, Richard 17:2 Race 14:1 Katalla 16:4 7:2, 11:3, 12:2, 18:3, Georgetown 15:4 Hawkins, Erastus Ikogmiut 17:4 Katalla oil fields 16:4 20:2, 20:3, 21:2, 21:3, Glacier Bay National Corning 19:4 5:3,13:4, Katmai (community) 21 :4, 22:1 Monument 3:1, 5:2, Hawkins Island 20:1 19:2 16:1 Fort Egbert 17:3 9:1, 15:1, 20:2 Healy 16:3 Iliuliuk 18:4 Katmai National Park Fort Glenn 18:4, 22:4 Glacier Highway 17:2 Heney, Michael james Indigenous warfare 6:3, and Preserve 16:1, 19:2, Fort Knox Mine 22:3 2:4, 3:1, 5:2, 7:2, 16:4, 19:4 8:3 20:4, 21:1 Fort Mears 22:4 8:1, 9:1, 13:1, 15:1, Henry, Julius 21:3 10:1, 20:2 Katmai Pass 16:1 Fort Richardson 23:1 15:3, 16:1, 16:3, 19:2, Herschel Island 25:2 Interior 3:2, 4:2, 7:1, 7:2, Kelly, Charlie 21 :3 Fort Wainwright 22:1 ·21:1, 21 :4, 23:3, 24:1, Hickel, Walter 23:1 13:2 Kenai 5:1, 21:2 Fort Yukon 7:1, 17:3, 25:2 Hiking/camping 3:1, 7:1, Inuit 12:1 Kenai Fjords National 20:3 Glenn Highway 23:1 7:2, 8:1, 8:3, 13:3, 16:1 Inupiat 4:2, 5:4, 6:3, 8:3, Park 13:1, 21 :2 Fortymile 7:1, 15:2, 17:3 Glotov, Stepan 18:4 Hinchinbrook Island 10:4, 11 :1, 12:3, 16:2, Kenai Mountains 9:1 17:3 Goat, Mountain 8:2 20:1 19:2, 20:3, 23:2, 23:3 Kenai National Wildlife Fossils 21:4, 24:1 Gold 6:4, 7:1, 7:2, 7:4, Hog Island 18:4 Itjen, Martin 19:1 Refuge 21:2 Fox Islands 18:4, 22:2 11 :1, 11:4, 13:3, 15:2, Hollis 20:2 Ivishak Pass 23:3 5:1,10:2, Foxes 8:2, 17:3, 18:4, 15:3, 15:4, 16:3, 17:2, Holmes, Milton and Cora Izembek National 13:1, 19:2, 21 :2, 21 :4 19:2, 20:3, 21 :1, 22:2 18:3, 19:1, 20:2, 21 :2, 18:4 Wildlife Refuge 21 :1 Kenai River 5:1, 19:2, Francis, Bella 20:3 22:1, 22:3, 24:2 Holy Cross 6:1, 17:3, 21:2 Franklin Mountains 20:3 Goodnews Bay 15:4 17:4 jackson, Nathan 23:2 Kennecott 8:1, 16:4, 19:4 Franklin, Sir john 16:2 Goodpaster River 16:3 Homer 5:1, 21:2, 24:4 jackson, Sheldon 17:4, Kennecott Mines 16:4 Fred, Matthew Sr. 18:3 Government 7:2, 17:2, Homesteaders 21:2 23:2 Ketchikan 5:2, 14:2, 19:2, Fumaroles 16:1 22:1, 23:1, 25:1 Hoole Canyon 25:2 james, Billy 16:3 20:2, 24:1, 25:4

140 ALASKA GEOGRAPHIC® Keystone Canyon 20:1 Kotzebue Sound 8:3, 10:3 Mackenzie River 16:2, Mikchalk Lake 17:1 Mount Katmai 4:1, 16:1, Kilbuck Mountains 9:1, Koyukuk 7:1, 10:4, 16:3, 25:2 Mikfik Creek 16:1 18:2, 21:1 15:4 17:3 Macy, Mike 18:3 Military 11 :3, 14:1, 16:3, 25:2, 25:3 Kilbuck, John and Edith 7:1,10:4, 18:2, 16:4, 17:3, 18:4, 19:3, Mount Lucania 25:3 15:4 19:2, 23:3 18:4 22:1, 22:2, 22:4, 23:1, Mount Marathon Race Killik River 23:3 Krenitzin Islands 18:4 Malaspina Glacier 9:1 25:1, 25:4 21:2 Killisnoo 18:3 Kuparuk 16:2 Mammals 2:4, 3:1, 4:3, Millett, Oliver B. 17:1 King Cove 21: 1 Kupreanof 5:2 5:1, 5:3, 6:1, 7:1, 7:2, Million Dollar Bridge 25:3 King Salmon Kurile Islands 22:4 7:3, 8:1, 8:2, 11:3, 12:1, 16:4, 19:4 Mount McKinley 15:3, (community) 16:1, 21:1 Kuskokwim Bay 15:4 13:4, 18:3, 19:3, 20:3, Minerals 5:1, 6:1, 7:2, 19:2, 25 :3, 25:4 Island 18:4, 22:2, Kuskokwim Mountains 21:3, 21 :4, 22:2, 23:3, 8:3, 9:4, 12:1, 22:3 Mount Michelson 20:3 22:4 15:4 25:2 Mining 2:2, 3:1, 5:1, 7:1, Mount Peulik 16:1 Klawock 5:2, 20:2, 24:1 Kuskokwim River 6:1, Mapping 22:3, 25:3 7:4, 8:1, 8:3, 9:4, 10:4, 17:2 Klondike gold rush 7:4, 7:1, 10:3, 11 :2,15:4, Margaret Bay 18:4 11:1, 11:4, 14:2, 14:3, 25:3 15:2, 16:3, 19:1, 24:2, 17:4 Marine mammals 2:3, 15:2, 15:3, 15:4, 16:3, Mount Spurr 4:1, 18:2, 25:2 Kvichak River 17:1 3:1, 3:3, 4:3, 8:2, 8:3, 16:4, 17:2, 17:3, 18:3, 25:4 Klondike Gold Rush Kwethluk 15:4 11:3, 15:1, 15:4, 17:4, 19:1, 19:2, 19:4, 20:2, Mount St. Elias 25:3 National Historical Park 18:3, 20:2, 21 :2, 22:2 21 :1, 21:2, 21:3, 22:1, Mount Veniaminov 21:1 19:1 Ladue, Joe 15:2 Marshall 17:4 22:3, 23:3, 25:2 Mountain goats 20:2, Klondike Highway 25:2 Lake Aleknagik 17:1 Marten 8:2 Mink 8:2 20:3, 21:2 Klondike River 15:2 Lake Bennett 19:1 Ma tan uska -Susi tna Minto 7:1 Mountain Village 17:4 Kluane Lake 25:2 Lake Beverley 17:1 Valleys 5:1, 10:2, 11:2, Minto Flats State Game Mountaineering 2:4, 8:1, Kluane National Park Lake Clark 1:2, 5:3, 13:4 19:2 Refuge 16:3 15:3, 22:1, 25 :3 2:2, 25:2 Language 20:1, 23:2 McCallum, Hubert 21:1 Mirages 18:1 Muir, John 17:2 Klukwan 20:2 Larsen Bay 19:3 McCarthy 8:1 , 16:3, 16:4 Missionaries 14:3, 15:4, Mulcahy Park 23:1 Knight Island 20:1 Larson, Borge 22:2 McCutcheon Family 25:1 16:3, 23:2 17:1 Knowles, Tony 23:1 Leffingwell, Ernest D.K. McCutcheon, Steve 20:2, Misty Fiords National · Muldrow Glacier 15:3 4:2, 8:3, 1:1, 3:3, 20:3 25:1 Monument 20:2, 24:1 Muldrow, Robert 15:3 1'9: 2, 21 :3, 23:3 Lend-Lease program McDonald, Big Alex 15:2 Mitkof Island 20:2 Mulrooney, Belinda 15:2 Kobuk Valley National 22:4, 25:4 McGarvey, Lillie 6:3 Montague Island 20:1 Mummies 21 :4 Park 8:3 Liard River 25:2 McGrath 7:1, 15:4, 25:4 Moore, Capt. William Murie, Margaret E. Kodiak (community) 4:2, Lime Village 15:4 McMichael, Alfred G. 19:1 (Mardy) 20:3 19:3, 21:4, 22:4, 24:3, Lippy, Thomas 15:2 15:2 Moose 8:2, 12:4, 15:3, Murie, Olaus 20:3, 22:2 25:4 Lisburne limestone 23:3 McNeil Falls 16:1 15:4, 16:1, 16:3, 17:3, Musk Ox 8:2, 16:2,19:4, Kodiak Area Native Little Eldorado Creek McNeil River State Game 17:4, 19:2, 20:3, 21:1, 20:3, 21:4, 23:4 Association (KANA) 16:3 Sanctuary 16:1, 20:4 21:2, 21 :4, 23:4 Musk Ox Farm 23:4 19:3 Lituya Bay 19:2 McQuesten, Leroy "Jack" Moose Creek 15:3 Muskrats 8:2, 15:4, 17:3 Kodiak Island 1:4, 3:4, Lituya Glacier 13:1 15:2, 17:3, 24:2 Moose Research Center 4:3, 5:4, 9:1, 10:3, 13:1, Livengood 16:3, 19:2 Meade River 16:2 23:4 Nabesna 8:1 18:1, 19:2, 19:3, 20:4, Livestock 11:2 Meadows, Arizona Moran Bros. 24:2 Nabesna River 16:3 21 :4, 22:4, 23:2, 24:3 Lodges 16:1, 17:1 Charlie 15:2 Moravian Church 15:4 Naknek 16:1, 21:1 Kodiak National Wildlife Logging 1:3, 4:3, 5:2, 7:2, Medfra 15:4 Morgan, Murray 22:4 Naknek Lake 16:1 Refuge 4:3, 19:3, 20:4 9:2, 11:3, 12:2, 14:2, 9:1, 8:1, Naknek River 16:1 Koliganek 17:1 16:3, 17:2, 18:3, 19:2, 17:2, 20:2 25:3 Nanwalek 21 :2 Kolmakovsky Redoubt 19:3, 19:4, 20:1, 20:2, Mendenhall Valley 17:2 25:3 Napakiak 15:4 15:4 21:2, 24:1 Mendenhall, Walter C. Mount Edgecumbe 4:1, National Forests 4:4, 8:4, Kongakut River 20:3, London, Jack 15:2, 25:2 22:3 9:2, 18:2 12:2 23:3 Lord, Meda 16:3 Merrill Field 25:4 13: 1, National Geographic Koniag 6:3, 19:3 Loring 24:1 Merrill, Russel H. 25:4 25:3 Society 16:1 Kosbruk, Frieda and Lukin, Simon 15:4 Mertie, John Beaver 22:3 15:3, 25:3 Ignatius 21 :3 Lynn Canal 5:2, 19:1, Metcalf, K.J. 18:3 25:3 16:1, 16:2 Kotlik 17:4 20:2 Metlakatla 5:2, 24:1 23:3 National Parks 4:4, 7:2, Kotzebue 8:3, 19:2, 21 :3 Lynx 8:2, 17:1, 17:3, 19:2 Meyers Chuck 5:2 17:2 8:3, 8:4, 15:3, 16:1

ALASKA GEOGRAPHIC" 141 f National Wild and Scenic 16:2, 16:3, 16:4, 19:4, Potlatches 23:2 Robinson, Dennis 18:4 Shageluk 17:3 Rivers 4:4, 7:2, 8:4 21:2, 22:1, 22:4, 23:1 Prehistoric animals 21:4 Rock, Howard 6:3 20:3 National Wildlife Refuges Okmok Caldera 4:1, 18:2 Prehistory 6:3, 8:3, 14:3, Rodents 8:2 Sheep, Dall 8:2, 15:3, 4:4, 7:2, 8:3, 8:4, 15:4, Old Crow 2:2, 25:2 19:3, 20:2, 21:2, 21:4, Romanzof Mountains 20:3, 21:2 16:1, 16:2 Old Crow River 20:3 25:2 20:3 Sheldon, Be 21:3 Near Island 19:3 Old Harbor 19:3 Pribilof Islands 9:3, 18:4 Ruby 7:1, 17:3, 19:2 Sheldon, Charles 15:3 Nelson, Edward W. 17:4 Olson, Sigurd T. 21:3 Prince of Wales Island · 2:4, 4:3, Sheldon, Don 15:3 Nelson Lagoon 21:1 Otters, river 8:2, 17:1, 5:2, 14:2, 19:2, 20:2, 5:2, 5:3, 5:4, 6:1, 6:3, Shelikof Strait 16:1, 19:3 Nelson, Nels "N.P." 16:3 19:2 21 :4, 24:1 7:3, 9:2, 9:3, 13:1, 15:4, Shelikov, Grigorii 13:1, Nenana 7:1, 15:3, 16:3, Otters, sea 8:2, 19:3, Prince William Sound 17:3, 17:4, 18:3, 18:4, 18:4, 19:3 25:4 20:1, 20:2, 21:1, 22:2 2:3, 5:4, 10:3, 13:1, 19:2, 19:3, 20:2, 21 :2, Shellfish 21:1 Nerland, Les 22:1 Ouzinkie 19:3 16:4, 19:2, 20:1, 24:3, 22:1, 22:2, 23:2 Abalone 1:4 New Stuyahok 17:1 24:4 Russian American Co. Clams 1:4, 16:1 Nielsen, Nicki J. 16:4 Pacific Ocean 5:4 Proenneke, Richard 1:2 15:4, 17:3, 17:4, 18:4, Crab 1:4, 19:3, 21:1, Nigu River 23:3 Palace Grand Theater Prostitutes 22:1 19:3, 21:2, 22:2 24:3, 16:1 Nikolaevsk 21 :2 15:2 Prudhoe Bay 1:1, 16:2, Russian Mission 6:1, Oysters 1:4 Nikolai 15:4 Panhandle, Southeast 5:2 19:2, 20:3, 23:3 15:4, 17:4 Scallops 1:4 Nikolski 22:2 Patty, Ernest N. 21:3 Puale Bay 16:1 Russian Orthodox Shemya Island 22:4 Ninilchik 21 :2 Paul, William Sr. 6:3 Pumice 16:1 Church 15:4, 17:1, Ship Creek 23:1 Nixon Fork Mine 22:3 Pavlov Volcano 18:2 17:4, 18:4 Shipping 5:1 Nizina River 8:1 Pederson, Lloyd 21:3 Qiviut 23:4 Ruth Glacier 15:3 Ships 20:3 Noatak Pelican (community) 5:2 Quigley, Fannie 15:3 Shishmaref 14:3 8:3, 23:3 People 1:2, 4:2, 5:1, 5:3, Quigley, Joe 15:3 Sadlerochit Formation Shrimp 1:4, 19:3, 21:1 4:2, 8:3, 6:3, 7:1, 14:3, 22:1 Quinhagak 15:4 16:2, 20:3 Shumagin Islands 21:1 , 19:2, 21 :3, 23:3 Permafrost 3:2, 12:2, Sagavanirktok River 16:2 Shushanna 16:3 Nome 5:4, 9:4,11:1, 16:3, 16:2, 21 :4, 22:1 Racoons 8:2 Salmon River 8:3 Shuyak Island 19:3 21:3, 24:2, 25:4 Perryville 21:1 Railroads 5:1, 7:2, 13:3, Sand dunes 8:3, 21:4 Siglin, Roger 21:3 North Pole (community) Persons, Kate 21 :3 14:3, 15:3, 16:3, 16:4, Sand Point 21:1 Silver 15:3, 16:3, 22:3 22:1 Petersburg 5:2, 19:2, 19:1, 19:2, 19:4, 21 :2, Savage River 15:3 Silver Bow Basin 17:2 North Slope 1:1, 20:2, 24:3 24:2 Saxman 5:2, 20:2 Sitka 5:2, 9:2, 19:2, 20:2, 9:4,16:2, 21:4 Peters, Emmitt 21:3 Raleigh Knoll Site 17:1 Scandinavians 21 :1 21 :1, 24:4 Northern Commercial Philip Smith Mountains Rampart 7:1 Schneider, Bill 21 :3 Sitkalidak Island 19:3 Co. 17:4, 22:1 20:3 Ranching 4:3 Schoen, Dr. John 20:4 Skagway 5:2, 15:2,19:1, Northway 16:3, 22:4 Pika, Collared 8:2 Raspberry Island 19:3 Schools 15:4 19:2, 20:2 Northwest Passage 16:2 Pilot Point 21:1 Recreation 5:1, 7:1, 10:2, Schwartz, Dr. Charles Sleetmute15:4, 22:3 Northwest Territories Pilot Station 17:4 11 :3, 13:1, 14:2, 14:4, 23:4 Smith, Jefferson 12:1, 25:2 Plants 1:1, 2:1, 2:4, 3:1, 16:1, 18:3, 19:4, 20:1, Sea lion, Steller Randolph "Soapy" 19:1 Norton Sound 10:3, 19:2 7:2, 7:3, 8:1, 8:3, 9:3, 21:2, 23:3 (northern) 8:2, 9:2, 9:3, Smith, Phillip S. 22:3 Novarupta Volcano 16:1 12:4, 13:4, 23:3 Red Dog Mine 9:4, 22:3 19:3, 20:1, 22:2 Solar radiation 18:1 Nowitna National Point Baker 5:2 Redoubt Volcano 4:1, Seafood processing 20:2 Soldotna 21:2 Wildlife Refuge 17:3 Point Hope 16:2 18:2 Seals 8:2, 8:3, 9:3, 12:1, Sourdough Expedition Nuiqsut 16:2 Point Lay 16:2 Reed River 23:3 15:4, 17:4, 18:4, 19:3, 15:3 Nulato 7:1, 17:3 Pollock 18:4, 19:3, 24:3 Reese Bay 18:4 21 :1, 22:2 Sours, Lena 21:3 Nulato massacre 17:3 Porcupine River 7:1, Reindeer 6:1, 8:3, 9:3, Search and Rescue 21:3 Southcentral 5:1, 7:2, Nunamiut 23:3 19:2, 20:3, 21:4, 25:2 11 :1, 14:3, 15:4, 17:4 Sedanka Island 18:4 13:2, 23:1 Nushagak 15:4, 17:1 Porpoise 8:2 Resurrection Bay 21 :2 Selawik National Wildlife Southeast 1:3, 3:2, 3:4, Nushagak Basin 17:1 Port Alexander 5:2 Revillagigedo Island 20:2 Refuge 8:3 5:2, 5:4, 7:2, 10:3, Nushagak Bay 17:1 Port Graham 21 :2 Richardson Highway 7:1, Seldovia 5:1, 21:2 13:2,14:2, 20:2, 21:4, Nushagak River 15:4, 17:1 Port Heiden 21:1 16:3, 20:1 Service, Robert 15:2, 25:2 24:1, 24:4 Port Lions 19:3 Riley Creek Information Seward 19:4, 20:1, 21 :2 Spenard 23:1 Ogilvie, William 15:2 Port Moller 21:1 Center 15:3 Seward Highway 21 :2 Spruce Island 19:3 Oil/Gas 1:1, 2:3, 2:4, 4:3, Port Protection 5:2 Roads 5:1,10:1, 15:3, 9:1, Squid 1:4 5:1, 6:1, 7:2, 9:4, 16:1, Post, Austin 19:4 16:3, 17:1, 20:2 14:3, 19:2, 19:4, 21:4 Squirrels 8:2

142 ALASKA GEOGRAPHIC® St. George Island 9:3 Taylor, William "Billy" Turnagain Arm 5:1, 23:1 Fin 5:4 Wrangell, Ferdinand 17:4 St. Lawrence Island 14:3, 15:3 Giant Bottlenose 5:4 Wrangellia Terrane 16:4 18:1, 25:1 Telida 15:4 U.S. Forest Service 20:2, Goose-Beaked 5:4 Wrangell-Saint Elias St. Marys 6:1, 17:4 Tenakee Springs 5:2, 20:2 21:2 Gray 5:4 Mountains 2:2, 2:4, 8:1, St. Michael 6:1, 15:4, Teshekpuk 16:2 U.S. Geological Survey Humpback 5:4 9:1, 16:3, 16:4, 19:2, 16:3, 17:4, 24:2 Tetlin 16:3 15:4, 16:1, 16:2, 21:1, Killer 5:4, 21:1 25:3 St. Paul Island 9:3 Tetlin National Wildlife 22:3 Minke 5:4 Steamboats 15:4 Refuge 16:3 Uganik Island 19:3 Narwhal 5:4 Yakataga 21:2 Stebbins 6:1, 17:4 Thayer, Jack 18:3 Ugashik 21:1 Right 5:4 Yakutat 2:4, 5:2, 5:4, 8:1, Steese Highway 7:1 Thompson Pass 20:1 Umiaks 6:3, 16:2 Sei 5:4 13:1, 20:2, 22:4 Sterling 21:2 Thorne Bay 5:2, 20:2 Umiat 16:2 Sperm 5:4 Yakutat Terrane 16:4 Sterling Highway 21:2 Three Saints Bay 19:3 Umnak Island 18:4, 22:2, White Mountain 14:3 Yukon-Charley Rivers Stevens, Bill 21:3 Tikchik Lake 17: 1 22:4 White Pass 15:2, 19:1, National Preserve 17:3 Stevens Village 17:3 Tlingits 1:3, 2:4, 5:2, 5:4, Unalakleet 6:1 19:4 Yukon Delta National Stikine River 6:4, 19:2, 6:3, 6:4, 9:2, 11:3, 12:3, Unalaska Bay 18:4 White River 16:3 Wildlife Refuge 15:4 20:2 14:2, 17:2, 19:1, 19:2, Unalaska Island 18:4, Whitehorse 2:2, 14:4, 2:2, 6:1, 7:1, Stolt, Bill and Lilian 23:1 20:2, 21:4, 23:2, 24:1 22:2 15:2, 25:2 7:4, 10:3, 11:2,14:4, Stone, Rocky 21:2 Tok 16:3 Unalaska/Dutch Harbor Whittier 20:1, 22:4 15:2, 15:3, 16:3,17:3, Stony River 15:4 Toklat River 15:3 18:4, 19:2, 22:2, 22:4, Wickersham, Judge 17:4, 19:1, 19:2, 20:3, Storytelling 23:2 Tolovana 16:3 24:3 James 15:3, 22:1 24:2, 25:1, 25:2 Stuck, Hudson 15:3, 25:3 Tolovana River 16:3 Unga 21:1 Wien, Noel 25:4 Yukon Territory 2:2, 7:4, Subsistence 1:2, 4:2, 5:3, Unga Island 21:1 survival 1:2, 14:4, 15:2, 19:4, 20:3, 5:4, 6:1, 6:3, 8:3, 9:3, 1:3, 18:3, 20:2 12:4 21:4, 25:2 10:4, 12:1, 13:2, 15:4, Tool making 21:4 Valdez 2:3, 16:3, 16:4, Wildflowers 1:1, 2:1, 7:2, Yukon-Kuskokwim delta 16:1, 16:2, 16:3, 17:1, Totem poles 20:2, 23:2 19:2, 20:1, 24:4, 25:1 9:3, 11:3, 20:3, 22:2, 6:1, 15:4, 19:2 17:3, 17:4, 18:3, 19:3, Tourism 14:2, 16:3, 16:4, Valley of Ten Thousand 23:3 Yup'ik 5:3, 6:1, 6:3, 12:3, 20:3, 21:2, 21:3, 22:2, 17:2, 19:1, 19:3, 19:4, Smokes 16:1, 18:2 Wind River 20:3 15:4, 17:1, 17:4, 19:2, 23:2 20:2, 21:2, 21:3, 22:2, Venetie 7:1 Wiseman 7:1, 10:4 23:2 Sullivan, George 23:1 23:1 Veniaminov, The Rev. Wolverines 8:2, 19:2, Yutana Barge Lines 16:3 Sun dogs 18:1 Traders 15:4, 16:2, 16:3 Ivan 18:4, 22:2 20:3, 21:1 5:1, 10:2, Trading posts 16:2, 16:3, Veniaminov Volcano Wolves 8:2, 12:4, 15:3, Ziegler, Eustace P. 16:4 • 15:3 17:3 18:2 16:2, 17:3, 19:2, 20:2, Swanson River 21:2 Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline Volcanoes 4:1, 5:1, 5:3, 20:3, 21:1, 23:4 1:1, 2:3, 3:4, 7:1, 7:2, 7:2, 8:1, 16:1, 18:2, Womens Bay 19:3 Taiya Inlet 19:1 16:2, 19:2, 20:1, 22:1, 19:2, 21:1, 21:3, 21:4, Wonder Lake 15:3 Taiya River 19:1 23:1, 23:3, 25:1 22:2 Wood, Ginny 15:3 Takahula Lake 23:3 Transportation 7:2, 7:3, Wood, Morton S. Takotna 15:4 8:3, 10:1, 11:3,11:4, Wainwright 16:2 "Woody" 15:3 Takotna River 15:4 15:4, 16:3, 17:4, 19:4, Walrus 8:2, 17:4 Wood River 17:1 Talkeetna 15:3 24:2, 25:4 Washburn, Bradford Wood River Mountains Talkeetna Mountains 9:1, Trapping 16:1, 16:2, 15:3, 25:3 9:1, 15:4 21:4 16:3, 17:1, 17:3, 20:3, Weasels 8:2 Wood-Tikchik State Park Tanacross 16:3, 22:4 21:2 Weather 1:2, 4:3, 6:2, 17:1 Tanana 7:1, 16:3, 17:3, Treadgold, Arthur 7:3, 9:3, 11:3, 12:4, Woody Island 19:3 19:4 Newton Christian 15:2 13:4, 16:1, 16:2,18:1, World Heritage Tanana Basin 16:3 Treadwell, John 17:2 19:3, 21:1, 22:1, 22:2, Wilderness 8:1 Tanana River 7:1, 15:3, Treadwell Mine 17:2 22:4, 25:4 World War I 21:1, 22:1 16:3, 21:4, 22:1 Tsimshians 6:3, 12:3, Whales/whaling 5:4, 6:3, World War II 4:3, 7:3, 22:1 14:2, 20:2, 21:4, 23:2 8:2, 16:2, 17:4, 18:3, 11:4, 16:2, 16:3, 18:4, Tatitlek 20:1 Tuluksak 15:4 19:3, 20:2, 20:3, 23:2 19:2, 19:3, 19:4, 20:1, Tatum, Robert G. 15:3 Tundra 1:1, 7:1, 7:2, Beluga 5:4 20:2, 21:1, 22:1, 22:2, Taylor, Andy 16:3 15:3, 15:4, 16:1, 16:2, Blue 5:4 22:4, 23:1, 25:1, 25:4 Taylor Highway 7:1 21:4 Bowhead 5:4 Wrangell 5:2, 6:4, 20:2

ALASKA GEOGRAPHIC® 143 ALASKA GEOGRAPHIC. Back Issues

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144 ALASKA GEOGRAPHIC®