DOCSLIB.ORG

Updates on the Management of Canine Demodicosis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Updates on the Management of Canine Demodicosis PEEP R RREREVEEVVIEWED DERMATOLOGY DETAILS Updates on the Management of Canine Demodicosis Sandra N. Koch, DVM, MS, DACVD University of Minnesota Canine demodicosis is a common inflammatory establish prognosis and provide a successful parasitic skin disease believed to be associated with treatment, it is very important to evaluate the: a genetic or immunologic disorder. This disease • Age of onset allows mites from the normal cutaneous biota to proliferate in the hair follicles and sebaceous • Extent and location of skin lesions glands, leading to alopecia, erythema, scaling, • Presence of secondary infections hair casting, pustules, furunculosis, and secondary • General health of the dog.1,3,5 infections.1-3 The face and forelegs to the entire 1-3 body surface of the dog may be affected. Independent of age, it is important to identify and treat any predisposing or contributing factors Three morphologically different types in order to achieve a successful outcome.1-3 of Demodex mites exist in dogs: 1. Demodex canis: The most common form of Demodex (Figure 1) 2. D cornei: A short-body form, likely a morphological variant of D canis4 (Figure 2, page 78) 3. D injai: A long-body form1-3 (Figure 3, page 78) Published studies indicate similar efficacy of treatment regardless of the type of mite.1,2 THERAPEUTIC APPROACH Effective treatment of generalized demodicosis requires a multimodal approach.1,2 In order to FIGURE 1. Demodex canis identified on skin scrapings. JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2017 TVPJOURNAL.COM 77 PEER REVIEWED AGE OF ONSET Adult-Onset Juvenile-Onset In dogs older than 18 months of age, demodicosis may occur as a result of immunosuppression due to Demodicosis may occur in dogs 18 months of age drugs (eg, glucocorticoids, ciclosporin, oclacitinib or younger as a result of an immunocompromised maleate, chemotherapy) or systemic disease (eg, state associated with endoparasitism, malnutrition, hyperadrenocorticism, hypothyroidism, neoplasia, or health debilitation. Puppies may also develop malnutrition, parasitism).1,3 Therefore, dogs with demodicosis due to an immature immune system adult-onset demodicosis should have a detailed or mite-specific immunoincompetency.1,3 The physical examination and full diagnostic workup increased prevalence in certain breeds indicates a (Table 1) performed to identify underlying diseases. hereditary basis for juvenile-onset demodicosis, particularly for the generalized form.3 Evidence has indicated that successful treatment of an underlying disease may contribute to remission of demodicosis.1,3 However, up to 56% of dogs with adult-onset canine demodicosis have been reported to have no detectable underlying disease.2 EXTENT & LOCATION OF LESIONS Localized Form1 • Four skin lesions or fewer • Lesion diameter ≤ 2.5 cm Prognosis for localized demodicosis is good, as most lesions resolve spontaneously within 6 to 8 weeks.1,3 Topical therapy with benzoyl peroxide shampoo or gel may be recommended.1,3 FIGURE 2. Short-bodied form: Demodex cornei. Generalized Form1 • More than 4 skin lesions • Lesion diameter > 2.5 cm (Figures 4 and 5) • And/or feet are affected TABLE 1 Demodicosis: Diagnostic Analysis Complete blood count Serum biochemical profile Urinalysis Heartworm and fecal tests Lymph node aspirates Thyroid and adrenal testing Abdominal ultrasound FIGURE 3. Long-bodied form: Demodex injai. Chest radiographs 78 DERMATOLOGY DETAILS PEER REVIEWED Overall prognosis for resolution of skin lesions is Relapses of generalized demodicosis are not uncommon.1 good (Figure 6), but prognosis depends on the Dogs may be euthanized as owners may be unable to patient’s health status and underlying conditions afford cost of therapy or commit to the necessary intense or presence of immunosuppression.1,3 management.1-3 In some patients with refractory or noncurable demodicosis, treatment may be lifelong.1,2 Spontaneous remission in a subset of young dogs has been reported to be 30% to 50%3; however, PRESENCE OF SECONDARY the true incidence of spontaneous resolution INFECTIONS of generalized demodicosis is unknown. Secondary bacterial and yeast skin and ear infections are common problems associated with canine demodicosis, which aggravate the skin disease and cause or contribute to pruritus.1,3 Identifying and treating these secondary infections is very important to the successful treatment of demodicosis.1,3 Topical and/or oral antibiotics may be prescribed according to clinical signs and cytology. Bacterial culture and susceptibility testing should be performed in patients that do not respond to antibiotic therapy or have a history of multiple antibiotic courses, in an attempt to identify and treat resistant bacteria. Most dogs benefit from weekly antimicrobial baths FIGURE 4. Generalized demodicosis. with benzoyl peroxide or chlorhexidine shampoos.1,3 MITICIDAL THERAPIES Multiple conventional and newer therapeutic options currently exist for generalized demodicosis (Table 2, page 80);1-3,6 however, most of these therapies are extralabel, can be difficult to administer, and may lead to adverse effects. Miticidal therapy may need to be adjusted according to the dog’s response and tolerance. FIGURE 6. Patient from Figures 4 and 5 after treatment FIGURE 5. Generalized demodicosis. for demodicosis. JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2017 TVPJOURNAL.COM 79 PEER REVIEWED TABLE 2 Canine Generalized Demodicosis: Acaricidal Treatment Options DRUG DOSAGE ADVERSE EFFECTS COMMENTS LABELED FOR CANINE DEMODICOSIS Amitraz 0.025%–0.06% Hyperglycemia, • Good evidence for use (Mitaban, topical rinses bradycardia, • Labeled at 0.125% Q 2 weeks zoetisus.com) weekly to depression, lethargy, • Dogs > 4 months of age every 2 weeks polydipsia, polyuria, • Avoid other sedating agents, such as GABA agonists vomiting, diarrhea, (eg, benzodiazepines), alpha-adrenergic agonists transitory pruritus, (eg, xylazine), and heterocyclic antidepressants (eg, sedation amitriptyline) EXTRALABEL USE FOR CANINE DEMODICOSIS IN THE U.S. Afoxolaner 1 tablet PO Q Vomiting, diarrhea, • Further studies needed to establish protocol, (Nexgard, 2–4 weeks lethargy, dry/flaky skin efficacy, and safety merial.us) • Dogs ≥ 8 weeks of age • Use with caution in dogs with history of seizures • Safety has not been evaluated in breeding, pregnant, or lactating dogs Doramectin 0.6 mg/kg PO Lethargy; neurologic • Some evidence for use (Dectomax, or SC weekly signs, such as tremors, • 0.3 mg/kg twice weekly may reduce adverse effects zoetisus.com; or twice mydriasis, ataxia, coma, • Do not use in herding breeds and their crosses or Doramec, weekly death dogs with confirmed ABCB1-1Delta (MDR-1) gene agrovetmarket.com) mutation Fluralaner 1 tablet PO Q Vomiting, diarrhea, • Further studies needed to establish protocol, (Bravecto, 12 weeks anorexia, flatulence, efficacy, and safety merck.com) lethargy • Dogs ≥ 6 months of age • Safe for use in breeding, pregnant, and lactating dogs • Safe for use in dogs with ABCB1-1Delta (MDR-1) gene mutation, such as collies Ivermectin 0.3–0.6 mg/kg Lethargy; vomiting; • Good evidence for use (Ivomec 1%, PO Q 24 H neurologic signs, such • Do not use in herding breeds and their crosses or merial.us; as tremors, mydriasis, dogs with confirmed ABCB1-1Delta (MDR-1) gene Ivermax 1%, ataxia, coma, death mutation aspenveterinary • Do not use concurrently with spinosad (Comfortis resources.com) and Trifexis, elanco.us) due to resulting severe neurologic adverse effects Milbemycin oxime 1–2 mg/kg PO Lethargy; vomiting; • Good evidence for use (Interceptor, Q 24 H neurologic signs, such • Use with caution in herding breeds and their crosses elanco.us) as tremors and ataxia or dogs with confirmed ABCB1-1Delta (MDR-1) gene mutation Moxidectin 0.2–0.5 mg/kg Lethargy; neurologic • Good evidence for use (Cydectin, PO Q 24 H signs, such as tremors, • Do not use in herding breeds and their crosses or bi-vetmedica.com) mydriasis, ataxia, dogs with confirmed ABCB1-1Delta (MDR-1) gene lethargy, coma, death mutation Moxidectin + 1 tube/dog Local cutaneous • Good evidence for use Imidacloprid topical spot-on inflammation or • Dogs ≥ 7 weeks of age (Advantage weekly irritation, pruritus, • Do not use, or use with caution, in herding breeds Multi for Dogs, lethargy, reduced and their crosses or dogs with confirmed ABCB1- bayerdvm.com; appetite, and 1Delta (MDR-1) gene mutation known as Advocate hyperactivity in Europe) Sarolaner 1 tablet PO Q Vomiting, diarrhea, • Further studies needed to establish protocol, (Simparica, 4 weeks lethargy; may cause efficacy, and safety zoetisus.com) neurologic signs, such • Dogs ≥ 6 months of age as tremors, ataxia, and • Safety has not been evaluated in breeding, pregnant, seizures or lactating dogs 80 DERMATOLOGY DETAILS PEER REVIEWED Amitraz Therapy • Macrocyclic lactones should not be administered to herding breeds and their Amitraz (Mitaban, zoetisus.com) is a crosses, including collies, Shetland sheepdogs, monoamine oxidase inhibitor approved by the Old English sheepdogs, border collies, FDA for treatment of generalized demodicosis bearded collies, and Australian shepherds. 5 in dogs older than 4 months of age. • These dogs have a higher risk of depression, ataxia, coma, and death due to their predisposition to There is good evidence to recommend weekly amitraz the ABCB1-1Δ (MDR-1) gene mutation.3,6 rinses for the treatment of canine demodicosis.1,5 However, based on published reports, amitraz seems • Prior to prescribing macrocyclic lactones to be less efficacious in adult-onset demodicosis.1 in these breeds, it is recommended that evaluation
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ESCCAP Guidelines Final
    ESCCAP Malvern Hills Science Park, Geraldine Road, Malvern, Worcestershire, WR14 3SZ First Published by ESCCAP 2012 © ESCCAP 2012 All rights reserved This publication is made available subject to the condition that any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise is with the prior written permission of ESCCAP. This publication may only be distributed in the covers in which it is first published unless with the prior written permission of ESCCAP. A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library. ISBN: 978-1-907259-40-1 ESCCAP Guideline 3 Control of Ectoparasites in Dogs and Cats Published: December 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................................4 SCOPE..............................................................................................................................................................5 PRESENT SITUATION AND EMERGING THREATS ......................................................................................5 BIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND CONTROL OF ECTOPARASITES ...................................................................6 1. Fleas.............................................................................................................................................................6 2. Ticks ...........................................................................................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • Case Report Therapeutic Management of Chronic Generalized Demodicosis in a Pug
    Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences. 1 (2S): 26 – 28 Special Issue–2 (Clinical Veterinary Practice– Trends) http://www.nexusacademicpublishers.com/journal/4 Case Report Therapeutic Management of Chronic Generalized Demodicosis in a Pug Neeraj Arora2*, Sukhdeep Vohra1, Satyavir Singh1, Sandeep Potliya2, Anshul Lather3, Akhil Gupta3, Devan Arora4, Davinder Singh4 1 Veterinary Parasitology; 2 Veterinary Surgery and Radiology; 3 Veterinary Microbiology; 4 Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar – 125004, Haryana. *Corresponding author: [email protected] ARTICLE HISTORY ABSTRACT Received: 2013–11–07 A two year old female pug was presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, LLRUVAS, Revised: 2013–12–30 Hisar with the history of itching, alopecia, crust formation, haemorrhage and thickening of the Accepted: 2013–12–30 skin on face, neck, trunk and abdomen since last two months. The condition was laboratory diagnosed as chronic demodicosis and treated with amitraz and ivermectin along with supportive therapy. The female pug responded well to the treatment and recovered completely on 28th day Key Words: Amitraz, after the start of the treatment. Demodicosis, Ivermectin, Pug All copyrights reserved to Nexus® academic publishers ARTICLE CITATION: Arora N, Vohra S, Singh S, Potliya S, Lather A, Gupta A,Arora D and Davinder Singh D (2013). Therapeutic management of chronic generalized demodicosis in a pug. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci. 1 (2S): 26 – 28. INTRODUCTION was observed in the region of face, neck, trunk and limbs Animal skin is exposed to attack by many kinds of parasites and (Figure 1). each species has a particular effect on the skin; thatcan be mild or severe.
    [Show full text]
  • Deconstructing Canine Demodicosis”
    TESIS DOCTORAL TITULO: “Deconstructing canine demodicosis” AUTOR: Ivan Ravera DIRECTORES: Lluís Ferrer, Mar Bardagí, Laia Solano Gallego. PROGRAMA DE DOCTORADO: Medicina i Sanitat Animals DEPARTAMENTO: Medicina i Cirurgia Animals UNIVERSIDAD: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 2015 Dr. Lluis Ferrer i Caubet, Dra. Mar Bardagí i Ametlla y Dra. Laia María Solano Gallego, docentes del Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animales de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, HACEN CONSTAR: Que la memoria titulada “Deconstructing canine demodicosis” presentada por el licenciado Ivan Ravera para optar al título de Doctor por la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, se ha realizado bajo nuestra dirección, y considerada terminada, autorizo su presentación para que pueda ser juzgada por el tribunal correspondiente. Y por tanto, para que conste firmo el presente escrito. Bellaterra, el 23 de Septiembre de 2015. Dr. Lluis Ferrer, Dra. Mar Bardagi, Ivan Ravera Dra. Laia Solano Gallego Directores de la tesis doctoral Doctorando AGRADECIMIENTOS A los alquimistas de guantes azules A los otros luchadores - Ester Blasco - Diana Ferreira - Lola Pérez - Isabel Casanova - Aida Neira - Gina Doria - Blanca Pérez - Marc Isidoro - Mercedes Márquez - Llorenç Grau - Anna Domènech - los internos del HCV-UAB - Elena García - los residentes del HCV-UAB - Neus Ferrer - Manuela Costa A los veterinarios - Sergio Villanueva - del HCV-UAB - Marta Carbonell - dermatólogos españoles - Mónica Roldán - Centre d’Atenció d’Animals de Companyia del Maresme A los sensacionales genetistas
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Characterization of Demodex Mites and Its Therapeutic
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(5): 661-664 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Morphological characterization of demodex mites JEZS 2017; 5(5): 661-664 © 2017 JEZS and its therapeutic management with neem leaves Received: 25-07-2017 Accepted: 26-08-2017 in canine demodicosis M Veena Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College, M Veena, H Dhanalakshmi, Kavitha K, Placid ED’ Souza and GC Hassan, KVAFSU, Bidar, Puttalaksmamma Karnataka, India H Dhanalakshmi Abstract Department of Veterinary The present investigation was focused on morphological characterization of demodex mites and its Parasitology, Veterinary College, therapeutic management with neem leaves in canine demodicosis conducted in Department of Veterinary Hassan, KVAFSU, Bidar, Parasitology, Veterinary College, Hassan from April 2016 to March 2017. The skin scrapings were Karnataka, India collected from clinical cases suspected for canine demodicosis presented to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical complex, Hassan Veterinary College among which 25 clinical cases were selected and Kavitha K examined. Two species of demodex mites were observed viz., D. canis and D. cornei. The microscopic Department of Veterinary examination of skin scrapings revealed the presence of mixed infection with D. canis and D. cornei in 4 Medicine, Veterinary College, and only D. canis in 5 dogs. The morphometry of mites revealed that mean total body length (130.1 ± 14 Hassan, KVAFSU, Bidar, Karnataka, India µm) of D. cornei was much less than that of D. canis (210.6 ± 12.6 µm). Placid ED’ Souza Keywords: D. canis, D. cornei, Skin scrapings, Morphometry Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary College, 1. Introduction Hassan, KVAFSU, Bidar, Demodicosis is also called as demodectic mange or red mange or follicular mange caused by Karnataka, India Demodex canis [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Two Morphologically Distinct Forms of Demodex Mites Found in Dogs with Canine Demodicosis from Vladivostok, Russia
    Acta Veterinaria-Beograd 2017, 67 (1), 82-91 UDK: 636.7.09:616.5-002(470) Research article DOI: 10.1515/acve-2017-0008 TWO MORPHOLOGICALLY DISTINCT FORMS OF DEMODEX MITES FOUND IN DOGS WITH CANINE DEMODICOSIS FROM VLADIVOSTOK, RUSSIA MOSKVINA Tatyana Vladimirovna* Far Eastern Federal University, School of Natural Sciences, Russian Federation, Vladivostok, 8 Suhanova str. (Received 07 August 2016, Accepted 20 January 2017) The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology of Demodex canis and Demodex sp. cornei found in six dogs with canine demodicosis. A deep skin scraping technique was used for Demodex mite detection. Measurement data of 52 adult D. canis mites (26 females, 25 males and one specimen whose sex could not be determined) and 39 adult Demodex sp. cornei mites (22 females, 14 males and three specimens whose sex could not be determined) were reported. The correlation between body size of both Demodex species were estimated by the Student’s t-test. There was a signifi cant correlation between short-tail and long-tail forms and total body length and length of the podosoma and opisthosoma (p<0.05). A signifi cant difference was not found between the length of the gnathosoma and short-tail and long-tail forms (p>0.05). Demodex sp. cornei and D. canis, found in dogs from Vladivostok, were smaller than species from other countries. However, the present data did not signifi cantly differ from other studies with D. canis and Demodex sp. cornei descriptions. Key words: demodicosis; dog; Demodex canis; Demodex cornei INTRODUCTION Canine demodicosis is one of the most well known skin diseases in veterinary practice [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Grado En Veterinaria
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Repositorio Universidad de Zaragoza Trabajo Fin de Grado en Veterinaria DEMODICOSIS CANINA: UNA NUEVA ALTERNATIVA TERAPEÚTICA CANINE DEMODICOSIS: A NEW THERAPY Autor/es Guiomar Ibáñez Martínez Director/es Maite Verde Arribas Mercedes Peciña García Facultad de Veterinaria 2016 INDICE 1. RESUMEN …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………2 2. INTRODUCCIÓN ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3 Demodicosis canina…………………………………………………………………………………………………..4 Agentes causales……………………………………………………………………………………………………….4 Transmisión……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 Factores predisponentes……………………………………………………………………………………………6 Clasificación……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….7 Signos clínicos……………………………………………………………………………………………………………8 Inmunología y fisiopatogenia…………………………………………………………………………………….11 Pruebas diagnósticas…………………………………………………………………………………………………12 Tratamiento demodicosis canina……………………………………………………………………………….13 Antiguos tratamientos…………………………………………………………………………………………14 Nuevos tratamientos…………………………………………………………………………………………..16 3. JUSTIFICACIÓN Y OBJETIVOS ………………………………….…………………………………………………19 4. RECURSOS Y METODOLOGÍA …………………………………………………………………………………….19 5. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN ……………………………………………………………………………………….20 6. CONCLUSIONES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..28 7. VALORACIÓN PERSONAL …………………………………………………………………………………………..29 8. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS …………………………………………………………………………………29 9. AGRADECIMIENTOS ………………………………………………………………………………………………….31 10.
    [Show full text]
  • Acari: Demodicidae) Species from White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation ISRN Parasitology Volume 2013, Article ID 342918, 7 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2013/342918 Research Article Morphologic and Molecular Characterization of a Demodex (Acari: Demodicidae) Species from White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Michael J. Yabsley,1, 2 Sarah E. Clay,1 Samantha E. J. Gibbs,1, 3 Mark W. Cunningham,4 and Michaela G. Austel5, 6 1 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, e University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Wildlife Health Building, Athens, GA 30602, USA 2 Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, e University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA 3 Division of Migratory Bird Management, U.S Fish & Wildlife Service, Laurel, MD 20708, USA 4 Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA 5 Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, e University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA 6 Massachusetts Veterinary Referral Hospital, Woburn, MA 01801, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Michael J. Yabsley; [email protected] Received 26 October 2012; Accepted 15 November 2012 Academic Editors: G. Mkoji, P. Somboon, and J. Venegas Hermosilla Copyright © 2013 Michael J. Yabsley et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Demodex mites, although usually nonpathogenic, can cause a wide range of dermatological lesions ranging from mild skin irritation and alopecia to severe furunculosis. Recently, a case of demodicosis from a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) revealed a Demodex species morphologically distinct from Demodex odocoilei.
    [Show full text]
  • DEMODICIOSE CANINA SANTOS , Patricia
    REVISTA CIENTÍFICA ELETÔNICA DE MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA – ISSN: 1679-7353 Ano VI – Número 11 – Julho de 2008 – Periódicos Semestral DEMODICIOSE CANINA SANTOS , Patricia SANTOS , Valquíria Dissentes do Curso de Medicina Veterinária da FAMED – Garça ZAPPA , Vanessa Docente da Associação Cultural e Educacional da FAMED – Garça RESUMO A demodiciose é umas das principais dermatopatias caninas, ocasionadas por ácaros comensais do gênero Demodex , destacando –se o Demodex canis , que proliferam excessivamente, em decorrência da falha na resposta celular. A doença pode se apresentar de duas formas clínicas: Dermatite Localizada ( DL) e Dermatite Generalizada ( DG). A DL é mais comum em cães jovens sendo auto-limitante na maioria dos casos. A contaminação pode se dar nos primeiros dias de vida, através do contato íntimo com a mãe portadora. A DG ocorre principalmente em animais com mais de dois anos de idade, e seu prognóstico é reservado. O tratamento requer a utilização de fármacos adequados e correta orientação aos proprietários. Palavras –chave : Cão , Sarna, Demodicose. Tema- Central : Medicina Veterinária ABSTRACT Demodiciose is ones of the main canine dermatopatias, caused for comensais mites of the Demodex sort, detaching - the Demodex kennels, that proliferate excessively, in result of the imperfection in the cellular reply. The illness can be presented of two clinical forms: Located dermatitis (DL) and Dermatite Generalizada (DG). The DL is more common in young dogs, being auto-limitante in the majority of the cases. The contamination can be given in the first days of life, through the close contact with the carrying mother. The DG occurs mainly in animals with more than two years of age, and its prognótico is reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSIDADE SANTO AMARO Medicina Veterinária
    UNIVERSIDADE SANTO AMARO Medicina Veterinária Fernanda Ramaldes Coelho REVISÃO DE LITERATURA E ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DA DEMODICIOSE CANINA SÃO PAULO 2018 Fernanda Ramaldes Coelho REVISÃO DE LITERATURA E ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DA DEMODICIOSE CANINA Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao Curso de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Santo Amaro - UNISA, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título Bacharel em Medicina Veterinária Orientador Prof. Edilson Isídio da Silva Junior SÃO PAULO 2018 C616r Coelho, Fernanda Ramaldes Revisão de literatura e estudo retrospectivo da demodiciose canina / Fernanda Ramaldes Coelho. – São Paulo, 2018. 69 f.: il. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Medicina Veterinária) – Universidade Santo Amaro, 2018. Orientador(a): Prof. Edilson Isídio da Silva Júnior 1. Cães. 2. Demodex. 3. Sarna. 4. Dermatopatia. I. Silva Júnior, Edilson Isídio, orient. II. Universidade Santo Amaro. III. Título. Elaborado por Ricardo Pereira de Souza – CRB 8 / 9485 Fernanda Ramaldes Coelho REVISÃO DE LITERATURA E ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DA DEMODICIOSE CANINA Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao Curso de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Santo Amaro - UNISA, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título Bacharel em Medicina Veterinária. Orientador: Prof. Edilson Isídio da Silva Junior São Paulo, 11 de Dezembro de 2018 Banca examinadora Prof. Edilson Isídio da Silva Junior Orientador Professor Convidado 1 Professor Convidado 2 Conceito Final: AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a Deus por me iluminar, me proporcionar força e determinação para não desistir e estar sempre comigo nos momentos difíceis. Aos meus pais Márcio e Rose pela educação e pela base estrutural, pelo apoio que sempre ofereceram e incentivo de ir atrás dos meus estudos e sonhos.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Parasitic Diseases J
    Companion Animal Zoonoses COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL Parasitic Diseases 1 J. Scott Weese , Andrew S. Peregrine , Maureen E.C. Anderson , and Martha B. Fulford Introduction that undergoes sexual reproduction. Like other ascarids, as well as hookworms and Trichuris , A. Companion animals can harbor a wide range of lumbricoides undergoes a maturation stage in soil parasites, some of which are transmissible to and is therefore sometimes referred to as a geohel- humans. The overall burden of human diseases minth. 1 Female worms are larger than males and attributable to companion animal - associated para- can reach 40 cm in length and 6 mm in diameter. 2 sites is unknown and varies greatly between regions. The risks associated with some are often Life c ycle overstated while others are largely ignored, and the range of illness can extend from mild and self - Adult worms live within the small intestinal lumen limited to fatal. of humans and excrete massive numbers of eggs per day. As with other ascarids, eggs are not imme- Ascaris l umbricoides diately infective and must mature to infective third - stage larvae in the environment over a period Introduction of days. After embryonated eggs are ingested by a human, larvae hatch, penetrate the intestinal A. lumbricoides is a roundworm that has typically mucosa, and reach the liver via portal circulation. been considered host specifi c to humans; however, After migrating through the liver, the larvae even- there is evidence of infection of dogs and the tually reach the lungs, penetrate the airways, potential for dogs to be an uncommon source of ascend the tracheobronchial tree, and are coughed human infection.
    [Show full text]
  • The Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Demodex Injai Demodicosis in Dogs: a Report of Eight Cases
    DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n5p3387 The epidemiological and clinical aspects of Demodex injai demodicosis in dogs: a report of eight cases Aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos da demodiciose por Demodex injai em cães: relato de oito casos Rayane Sol Amaral Silva Sgarbossa1*; Gisele Vieira Sechi1; Bruna Duarte Pacheco1; Stephany Buba Lucina2; Maicon Roberto Paulo3; Fabiana dos Santos Monti1; Marconi Rodrigues de Farias4 Abstract The mite Demodex injai causes demodicosis, an uncommon, chronic, and recurrent parasitic dermatopathy in dogs. Demodicosis is characterized by an excessive proliferation of the Demodex injai mite in the pilosebaceous unit. Typically, demodicosis occurs in adults, and is associated with an underlying disease or a specific host immunodeficiency. Here, we describe the epidemiological, clinical, dermatological, and therapeutic aspects of Demodex injai demodicosis in dogs (n=8) at the Hospital Unit for Companion Animals of the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná in Brazil. The affected dogs were predominantly purebred, had a mean age of eight years, and showed no gender predisposition. The lesions were predominantly alopecic and erythematous-desquamatory, associated with follicular dyskeratosis and greasiness of the coat, and mainly affected the facial region, in addition to the back and limbs. The animals had a history of allergic, dyskeratotic, endocrine, neoplastic, and immunosuppressive comorbidities. The diagnosis of demodicosis was based on multiple skin scrapings, trichogram, and acetate tape impression of the lesion areas, macroscopic observation, and morphological characterization of the mite. Macrocyclic lactones were effectively used for treatment in most cases; however, improvement of the condition may be related to adjunctive treatment of the underlying disease. Key words: Canine.
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 Proceedings Book (Pdf)
    29th PROCEEDINGS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY FORUM Nashville, Tennessee April 15-18, 2015 Contents Page Table of Contents............................................................................................................ Registration Hours.......................................................................................................... Exhibit and Poster Hours............................................................................................... Meeting Schedule............................................................................................................ Roundtable Sessions....................................................................................................... Abstract Schedule........................................................................................................... THURSDAY Residents’ Short Communications and Original Short Communications.............. Scientific Session Presentations ............................................................................. Concurrent Session Presentations .......................................................................... FRIDAY Research Short Communications and Clinical Short Communications ................ Scientific Session Presentations............................................................................. Concurrent Session Presentations .......................................................................... SATURDAY Clinical Short Communications ............................................................................
    [Show full text]