Het Geslacht Zanthoxylum
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Botanical Name Common Name
Approved Approved & as a eligible to Not eligible to Approved as Frontage fulfill other fulfill other Type of plant a Street Tree Tree standards standards Heritage Tree Tree Heritage Species Botanical Name Common name Native Abelia x grandiflora Glossy Abelia Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes White Forsytha; Korean Abeliophyllum distichum Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes Abelialeaf Acanthropanax Fiveleaf Aralia Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes sieboldianus Acer ginnala Amur Maple Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes Aesculus parviflora Bottlebrush Buckeye Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes Aesculus pavia Red Buckeye Shrub, Deciduous No No Yes Yes Alnus incana ssp. rugosa Speckled Alder Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Alnus serrulata Hazel Alder Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Amelanchier humilis Low Serviceberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Amelanchier stolonifera Running Serviceberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes False Indigo Bush; Amorpha fruticosa Desert False Indigo; Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No No Not eligible Bastard Indigo Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Aronia prunifolia Purple Chokeberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Groundsel-Bush; Eastern Baccharis halimifolia Shrub, Deciduous No No Yes Yes Baccharis Summer Cypress; Bassia scoparia Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes Burning-Bush Berberis canadensis American Barberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Common Barberry; Berberis vulgaris Shrub, Deciduous No No No No Not eligible European Barberry Betula pumila -
Number 3, Spring 1998 Director’S Letter
Planning and planting for a better world Friends of the JC Raulston Arboretum Newsletter Number 3, Spring 1998 Director’s Letter Spring greetings from the JC Raulston Arboretum! This garden- ing season is in full swing, and the Arboretum is the place to be. Emergence is the word! Flowers and foliage are emerging every- where. We had a magnificent late winter and early spring. The Cornus mas ‘Spring Glow’ located in the paradise garden was exquisite this year. The bright yellow flowers are bright and persistent, and the Students from a Wake Tech Community College Photography Class find exfoliating bark and attractive habit plenty to photograph on a February day in the Arboretum. make it a winner. It’s no wonder that JC was so excited about this done soon. Make sure you check of themselves than is expected to seedling selection from the field out many of the special gardens in keep things moving forward. I, for nursery. We are looking to propa- the Arboretum. Our volunteer one, am thankful for each and every gate numerous plants this spring in curators are busy planting and one of them. hopes of getting it into the trade. preparing those gardens for The magnolias were looking another season. Many thanks to all Lastly, when you visit the garden I fantastic until we had three days in our volunteers who work so very would challenge you to find the a row of temperatures in the low hard in the garden. It shows! Euscaphis japonicus. We had a twenties. There was plenty of Another reminder — from April to beautiful seven-foot specimen tree damage to open flowers, but the October, on Sunday’s at 2:00 p.m. -
Phylogenetic Relationships of Ruteae (Rutaceae): New Evidence from the Chloroplast Genome and Comparisons with Non-Molecular Data
ARTICLE IN PRESS Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution xxx (2008) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogenetic relationships of Ruteae (Rutaceae): New evidence from the chloroplast genome and comparisons with non-molecular data Gabriele Salvo a,*, Gianluigi Bacchetta b, Farrokh Ghahremaninejad c, Elena Conti a a Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland b Center for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Botany, University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy c Department of Biology, Tarbiat Moallem University, 49 Dr. Mofatteh Avenue, 15614 Tehran, Iran article info abstract Article history: Phylogenetic analyses of three cpDNA markers (matK, rpl16, and trnL–trnF) were performed to evaluate Received 12 December 2007 previous treatments of Ruteae based on morphology and phytochemistry that contradicted each other, Revised 14 July 2008 especially regarding the taxonomic status of Haplophyllum and Dictamnus. Trees derived from morpho- Accepted 9 September 2008 logical, phytochemical, and molecular datasets of Ruteae were then compared to look for possible pat- Available online xxxx terns of agreement among them. Furthermore, non-molecular characters were mapped on the molecular phylogeny to identify uniquely derived states and patterns of homoplasy in the morphological Keywords: and phytochemical datasets. The phylogenetic analyses determined that Haplophyllum and Ruta form Ruta reciprocally exclusive monophyletic groups and that Dictamnus is not closely related to the other genera Citrus family Morphology of Ruteae. The different types of datasets were partly incongruent with each other. The discordant phy- Phytochemistry logenetic patterns between the phytochemical and molecular trees might be best explained in terms of Congruence convergence in secondary chemical compounds. -
Dictionary of Cultivated Plants and Their Regions of Diversity Second Edition Revised Of: A.C
Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Second edition revised of: A.C. Zeven and P.M. Zhukovsky, 1975, Dictionary of cultivated plants and their centres of diversity 'N -'\:K 1~ Li Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Excluding most ornamentals, forest trees and lower plants A.C. Zeven andJ.M.J, de Wet K pudoc Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation Wageningen - 1982 ~T—^/-/- /+<>?- •/ CIP-GEGEVENS Zeven, A.C. Dictionary ofcultivate d plants andthei rregion so f diversity: excluding mostornamentals ,fores t treesan d lowerplant s/ A.C .Zeve n andJ.M.J ,d eWet .- Wageninge n : Pudoc. -11 1 Herz,uitg . van:Dictionar y of cultivatedplant s andthei r centreso fdiversit y /A.C .Zeve n andP.M . Zhukovsky, 1975.- Me t index,lit .opg . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 SISO63 2UD C63 3 Trefw.:plantenteelt . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 ©Centre forAgricultura l Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen,1982 . Nopar t of thisboo k mayb e reproduced andpublishe d in any form,b y print, photoprint,microfil m or any othermean swithou t written permission from thepublisher . Contents Preface 7 History of thewor k 8 Origins of agriculture anddomesticatio n ofplant s Cradles of agriculture and regions of diversity 21 1 Chinese-Japanese Region 32 2 Indochinese-IndonesianRegio n 48 3 Australian Region 65 4 Hindustani Region 70 5 Central AsianRegio n 81 6 NearEaster n Region 87 7 Mediterranean Region 103 8 African Region 121 9 European-Siberian Region 148 10 South American Region 164 11 CentralAmerica n andMexica n Region 185 12 NorthAmerica n Region 199 Specieswithou t an identified region 207 References 209 Indexo fbotanica l names 228 Preface The aimo f thiswor k ist ogiv e thereade r quick reference toth e regionso f diversity ofcultivate d plants.Fo r important crops,region so fdiversit y of related wild species areals opresented .Wil d species areofte nusefu l sources of genes to improve thevalu eo fcrops . -
3 Plants for Chemotherapy of Neoplastic Diseases
3 Plants for Chemotherapy of Neoplastic Diseases GENERAL CONCEPT Each year in the United States more than 1 million people are diagnosed with cancer, and about 500,000 people die from the disease. For the most part, the reason that cancer is a fatal disease is that cancer cells can invade through, and metastasize to, distant organs in the body. The hallmarks of malignant neoplastic tissue are unregulated cell proliferation, invasiveness, and metastasis to distant sites in the body. Surgery and radiotherapy can eradicate localized tumors but may fail because the cancer may have metastasized to other areas of the body; chemotherapy, if used properly, may control or eliminate metastasis. The array of drugs used for the treatment of cancer includes antimetabolites (methotrexate [Trexall®]), fluoouracil (Efudex®), mercaptopurine (Puri-Nethol®), cytarabine (Cytosar®), covalent DNA-binding drugs (nitrogen mustards, alkylating agents), noncovalent binding drugs (anthracyclines), antiestrogens, and inhibitors of chromatin function. Examples of inhibitors of chromatin function derived from flowering plants (Fig. 80) are etoposide (lignan) and alkaloids camptothecin, Vinca alkaloids, and 7 epitaxol. The rhi- zome of Podophyllum peltatum L. (May apple, Berberidaceae) has been used to remove warts and to relieve the bowels from costiveness since very early times. It contains podophyllo- toxin, a cytotoxic lignan from which etoposide (Vepesid®), which is used to treat lung cancer, lymphomas, and leukemias on account of its ability to inhibit the activity of From: Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal Plants: Asia and the Pacific Edited by: C. Wiart © Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ 155 156 ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS: ASIA AND THE PACIFIC topoisomerase, has been semisynthetically developed Attempts to verify the reputed anti- diabetic property of Catharanthus roseus G. -
Pharmacological Evaluation of Methanolic Extract of Zanthoxylum Oxyphyllum Edgw
Volume-8, Issue-4, Oct-Dec-2017 Coden IJABFP-CAS-USA Copyrights@2017 Received: 12th July 2017 Revised: 14th Sep- 2017 Accepted: 19th Sep-2017 DOI: 10.21276/Ijabpt, http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijabpt Research article PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ZANTHOXYLUM OXYPHYLLUM EDGW. WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY Sunita Munda1 and Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti2 1Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Dibrugarh University, Assam 2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Assam ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Zanthoxylum oxyphyllum, a plant used in Assamese traditional medicine. Successive solvent extraction were carried out with the plant and the methanolic extract of the plant was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw edema and analgesic activity by hot plate method at the doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg p.o (per oral) in wistar rats. The result shows that the extract at dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg has significant reduction in the the paw edema (P<0.05 and P<0.01) in a dose dependent manner when compared to the control. The extract have shown less analgesic effect at the dose of 500 mg/kg when compared to the control group. These inhibitions were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The results of this study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the methanolic extract in animal models and justify traditional use of this plant in the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions. -
Mirna and Mrna Studies Reveal Pollination Activates Hormonal Signaling and Increases Fruit Set in the Apomictic Tree Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Maxim
miRNA and mRNA studies reveal pollination activates hormonal signaling and increases fruit set in the apomictic tree Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim Xitong Fei Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University Yao Ma Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University Tuxi Yang Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University Anzhi Wei ( [email protected] ) Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University Research article Keywords: Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim., Apomixis, Hormones, miRNA-mRNA, fruit set, apomictic tree Posted Date: September 16th, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.14447/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/16 Abstract Background Apomixis is a form of reproduction that does not involve fertilization of female by male gametes but instead produces offspring from the female parent directly. The progeny of apomixis is genotypically identical to the female parent and so maintains any elite traits of the female parent. Apomixis has considerable potential in genetic plant breeding. However, the mechanism of apomictic reproduction remains unclear. Zanthoxylum bungeanum is an apomictic plant. Studies on miRNAs, mRNAs, hormone changes and fertilization process of the pollinated and non-pollinated materials of Zanthoxylum bungeanum allows screening of the important regulatory factors of the apomictic process at both physiological and molecular levels. This information should be of considerable help in understanding the mechanism of apomixis in this species. Results Our results show that Zanthoxylum bungeanum pollen can germinate on the stigma, and that the pollen tube can extend to the ovary wall after two days but that it then degenerates about the fth day and before reaching the egg cell. -
Screening of Vietnamese Medicinal Plants for Cytotoxic Activity
Natural Product Sciences 16(1) : 43-49 (2010) Screening of Vietnamese Medicinal Plants for Cytotoxic Activity Nguyen Bich Thu1,†, Trinh Nam Trung2†, Do Thi Ha1,2, Nguyen Minh Khoi1, Tran Viet Hung3, Tran Thi Hien4, Yim Namhui2, KiHwan Bae2,* 1National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B QuangTrung, HoanKiem, Hanoi, Vietnam 2College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea 3Department of Physics, National Institute of Control Quality and Quantity, 48 HaiBaTrung, Hanoi, Vietnam 4Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam Abstract − Thirty-two methanol extracts of thirty-one Vietnamese medicinal plants were evaluated for the cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines, including A549, MCF-7, HT 1080, Huh-7, and HepG2. Of these, the nine extracts of Acanthopanax trifoliatus (4), Acanthopanax gracilistylus (5), Siegesbeckia orientalis (10), Betula alnoides (11), Passiflora edulis (18), Zanthoxylum simulans (leaf, 23), Adenosma caeruleum (26), Solanum verbascifolium (29), and Alpinia malaccensis (31), exhibited high potent cytotoxic activity showing a certain degree of selectivity against the different cell types, with IC50 values ranging from 2.1 to 3.8 µg/mL. Keywords − Cytotoxicity, Vietnamese medicinal plants. Introduction 2003). In spite of growing study on flora, only ten percent of approximately 250,000 species of higher plants have Cancer is a generic term for a large group of diseases been chemically and pharmacologically investigated. The that can affect any part of the body. One defining feature search for new cytotoxic agents from natural-microbial, of cancer is the rapid creation of abnormal cells that grow marine and plant-sources still has continued with the beyond their usual boundaries, and which can then invade cooperation among scientists worldwide (Newman and adjoining parts of the body and spread to other organs. -
Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies Species Specific AFLP Markers For
Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies Year: 2013, Volume: 1, Issue: 6 First page: (1) Last page: (9) ISSN: 2320-3862 Online Available at www.plantsjournal.com Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies Species Specific AFLP Markers for authentication of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium & Zanthoxylum oxyphyllum Debmalya Das Gupta1, Swati Sen Mandi2* 1. Project Fellow, Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700009 2. Senior Professor and ICMR Emeritus Medical Scientist, Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700009 *[Email: [email protected], Tel: 09830688067 ] Zanthoxylum acanthopodium and Zanthoxylum oxyphyllum, found in North East India, are commercially important due to its edible fruits and leaves containing essential oils used in cosmetics and perfume industries. These species have also been used by local population as ethno medicine. We used amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) to produce DNA fingerprints for two Zanthoxylum species viz. Z. acanthopodium, and. Z. oxyphyllum. Twelve collections (eight of Z. acanthopodium, four of Z. oxyphyllum) were used in the study. Six selective primer pairs were found to detect polymorphism. A total of 483 alleles were produced. Species-specific markers were identified in the two Zanthoxylum species (23 for Z .acanthopodium. and 13 for Z. oxyphyllum). The dendogram showed species specific clustering of two species. The AFLP markers developed in this study could be used to authenticate two Zanthoxylum species to resolve adulteration-related problems faced by pharmaceutical industries to supplement conventional drug assessment protocols. Keyword: DNA Fingerprinting; Z. acanthopodium; Z. oxyphylum; AFLP; Species Specific Marker. 1. Introduction African and American species [29]. Hooker [13] The genus Zanthoxylum, under the family described eleven species from India. -
RUTACEAE 芸香科 Yun Xiang Ke Zhang Dianxiang (张奠湘)1; Thomas G
RUTACEAE 芸香科 yun xiang ke Zhang Dianxiang (张奠湘)1; Thomas G. Hartley2, David J. Mabberley3 Shrubs, trees, or sometimes herbs, sometimes scrambling or scandent, sometimes armed, with aromatic volatile oils contained in glands visible at surface of at least leaves, young branchlets, inflorescences, flower parts, fruit, or cotyledons in seed. Stipules absent [or stipular excrescences rarely present]. Leaves alternate, opposite [or whorled], simple (petiole neither apically swollen nor articulate with leaf blade), 1-foliolate (in individual specimens at least some 1-foliolate leaves with petiole apically swollen and/or articulate with leaf blade), or variously compound. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, usually 3–5-merous, actinomorphic or rarely zygomorphic, hypo- gynous [or rarely perigynous]. Perianth in 2 series, with clearly differentiated calyx and corolla or sometimes in 2 irregular series or 1 series, with ± undifferentiated tepals. Sepals distinct or connate to their full length. Petals distinct [or rarely coherent or connate for part of their length]. Stamens usually as many as or 2 × as many as petals or sometimes more numerous; filaments distinct or sometimes coherent or connate for at least part of their length; anthers introrse or sometimes latrorse, longitudinally dehiscent. Disk [rarely lack- ing] within androecium, nectariferous, flattened, annular, cup-shaped, pulvinate, or sometimes columnar, bell-shaped, conic, or hour- glass-shaped. Gynoecium of 1–5 distinct 1-loculed carpels or 2 to many partially to completely connate carpels; placentation axile [very rarely becoming parietal]; ovules 1 to many per locule. Fruit of 2–5 follicles [drupes or samaras] or a single follicle, capsule, or berry [or samara]. Seeds with relatively large embryo; endosperm present and fleshy or lacking. -
Zanthoxylum Schinifolium
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/646240; this version posted May 24, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Species-specific InDel markers for authentication of the 2 Korean herbs Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Zanthoxylum 3 piperitum 4 5 6 Yonguk Kim1, Jawon Shin1, Seung-Sik Cho2, Yong-Pil Hwang3, and Chulyung Choi1,* 7 1 Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanam-do 59339, Korea 8 2 Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do 9 58554, Korea 10 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, International University of Korea, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 11 52833, Korea 12 * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-61-860-2620 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 *Corresponding Author: 39 Dr. Chulyung Choi 40 Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, 288 41 Woodland-gil, Anyang-myeon, Jangheung-gun, Jeonnam, 59338, Republic of Korea 42 Tel : +82-61-860-2620 43 Fax : +82-61-864-7105 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/646240; this version posted May 24, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-ND 4.0 International license. -
The Magazine of the Arnold Arboretum V O L U M E 6 8 • N U M B E R 3
The Magazine of the Arnold Arboretum V O L U M E 6 8 • N U M B E R 3 The Magazine of the Arnold Arboretum VOLUM E 68 • N UM BER 3 • 2011 Contents Arnoldia (ISSN 0004–2633; USPS 866–100) 2 White Bracts of the Dove tree (Davidia is published quarterly by the Arnold Arboretum involucrata): Umbrella and Pollinator Lure? of Harvard University. Periodicals postage paid Ji-Fan Sun and Shuang-Quan Huang at Boston, Massachusetts. Subscriptions are $20.00 per calendar year 11 Little Big Plant, Box Huckleberry domestic, $25.00 foreign, payable in advance. (Gaylussacia brachycera) Remittances may be made in U.S. dollars, by Rob Nicholson check drawn on a U.S. bank; by international money order; or by Visa, Mastercard, or American 19 General Forest ecological Processes Express. Send orders, remittances, requests to Chapter 10 from Trees and Forests, a purchase back issues, change-of-address notices, Color Guide and all other subscription-related communica- Peter A. Thomas tions to Circulation Manager, Arnoldia, Arnold Arboretum, 125 Arborway, Boston, MA 02130- 32 A taste of sichuan: Zanthoxylum simulans 3500. Telephone 617.524.1718; fax 617.524.1418; Jonathan Damery e-mail [email protected] Arnold Arboretum members receive a subscrip- Front cover: The showy white bracts of the dove tree tion to Arnoldia as a membership benefit. To (Davidia involucrata) serve multiple purposes. Photo become a member or receive more information, by Nancy Rose. please call Wendy Krauss at 617.384.5766 or email [email protected] Inside front cover: The plump catkins of rosegold pussy willow (Salix gracilistyla) catch late winter snowflakes Postmaster: Send address changes to at the Arboretum.