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Anna H Yatt Huntington Anna Hyatt Huntington Anna Hyatt De la Hispanic Society al Museo Nacional de Cerámica De la Hispanic Society al Museu Nacional de Ceràmica From the Hispanic Society to the National Museum of Ceramics Anna Hyatt Huntington Anna Hyatt Anna Vaughn Hyatt nació el 10 de marzo de 1876 en Cambridge, Massachussets. Su padre fue el zoólogo y paleontólogo Alpheus Hyatt, profesor en la Universidad de Harvard y el MIT. Anna Hyatt estudió en el Art Students League de Nueva York y en la Escuela de Bellas Artes de la Universidad de Syracuse y se formó con varios escultores, entre los cuales Gutzon Borglum. Influida por la actividad de su padre, su interés por la fauna se manifestó tempranamente. Empezó a exponer su obra en 1898 y en 1906 ya había alcanzado una reputación como escultora animalística. Vivió en Europa de 1906 a 1908 y en 1910 obtuvo una mención de honor en el Salón de París con la estatua ecuestre de Juana de Arco, que se erigió en Riverside Drive, Nueva York, en 1915. Las estatuas ecuestres heroicas constituyen de hecho una parte impor- tante y reconocida en su trayectoria artística. En 1923 contrajo matrimonio con Archer Milton Huntington, fundador de la Hispanic Society of America, quien le transmitió su amor por la lengua y la cultura españolas. De 1927 a 1944 decoró los patios de la Hispanic Society con varias obras monumentales, entre las que destaca la estatua ecuestre del Cid que se ha convertido en un símbolo de la institución. En 1930 creó, junto a su marido, los Brookgreen Gardens, un gran museo de escultura al aire libre y en 1932, el Mariner’s Museum en Newport News, Virginia. Su actividad filantrópica y de mecenazgo incluye igualmente numerosas donaciones a organizaciones cívicas y museos, como el Museo Nacional de Cerámica de Valencia. Su obra cuenta con numerosos premios y distinciones como la Saltus Gold Medal de la National Academy of Design (1915), la Gran Cruz de la Orden de Alfonso XII (1929), la Medalla de Oro de la Academy of Arts and Letters (1930), la Legión de Honor del gobierno francés (1933), la Widener Gold Medal de la Fine Arts Academy de Pensilvania (1937) y la Medalla de Honor de la National Sculpture Society (1940). Anna Hyatt Huntington falleció el 4 de octubre de 1973 a los 97 años de edad. Imagen 1. José Peris Aragó, Anna Hyatt Huntington, 1971. Óleo sobre lienzo. CE4/00515, Museo Nacional de Cerámica y Artes Suntuarias “González Martí”. Copia del retrato de Anna Hyatt realizado por Marion Boyd Allen (1862-1941) hacia 1920, hoy conservado en la Hispanic Society of America, Nueva York. Los Huntington y Valencia Huntington y Los La especial relación de Archer Huntington con España y su interés por el arte, la literatu- ra, la historia y la cultura de nuestro país se plasmó en la creación en 1904 de The His- panic Society of America en Nueva York, cuyo objetivo era el estudio de la lengua, la li- teratura y la historia españo- las y portuguesas. El museo Imagen 2. Lápida rotuladora de la calle Archer y Anna Huntington de Valencia. y biblioteca se inauguraron ofi cialmente en 1908, siendo la primera exposición la dedi- cada a Sorolla en 1909, cuyo gran éxito ayudó a difundir tanto la obra del pintor valenciano como la recién creada institución hispanista. El papel que jugaron los Huntington en el estudio y difusión de la cultura española dejó sus huellas en la ciudad de Valencia. A iniciativa de José García-Mazas de la New York University, quien esgrimía entre otras razones la faceta de traductor del Cantar de mio Cid de Archer Huntington, el Ayuntamiento acordó el 23 de julio de 1958 rotular una calle con el nombre de “Archer y Anna Huntington”1. El 29 de julio tuvo lugar el acto de descubrimiento de la lápida rotuladora. 1964 fue sin duda alguna el año en que se afi anzó el vínculo que unía a Anna Hyatt con Valencia. En 1964 se instalaron dos obras monumentales que había ofrecido a la ciudad en 1959: los Portadores de la antorcha (The torch bearer), réplica de la obra donada en 1955 a la ciudad de Madrid se colocaba en enero en el Paseo de Valencia al Mar (actual avenida Blasco Ibáñez), y la estatua ecuestre del Cid Campeador, réplica de la realizada en 1927 para la Audubon Terrace de la Hispanic Society y de la cual existe otra réplica en Sevilla, se erigió el 10 de marzo en la Gran Vía Ramón y Cajal. [1] Archivo Histórico Municipal de Valencia, Rotulación de calles, 1957, caja 4, exp. 433. Imagen 3. Anna Hyatt Huntington [ejecutado por Juan de Avalos], Los portadores de la antorcha, 1964. Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, Valencia. Imagen 4. Anna Hyatt Huntington, El Cid Campeador, 1964. Gran Vía Ramón y Cajal, Valencia. González Martí, por aquel entonces vicepresidente de la Hispanic Society, se hizo eco de esta noticia en Levante y Feriario: “…la señora Anna Hyatt Huntington es desde ahora una valenciana más, pero valenciana que da prestigio y honra a su patria adoptiva; su nombre ha de perdurar en la memoria y el cariño en el corazón de todo valenciano que sienta intensamente el amor patrio.” (González Martí, Feriario, 1964) El 7 de febrero de ese mismo año, el Pleno del Ayuntamiento de Valencia propuso iniciar expediente para nombrar Hija Adoptiva a Anna Hyatt, lo cual acordó el 8 de mayo. El 31 de julio de 1965, Alfonso Merry del Val, embajador de España en Estados Unidos, le entregó personalmente el título de Hija Adoptiva de la Ciudad de Valencia2, hoy en día conservado en el Archivo de la Syracuse University. y la Hispanic Society Manuel González Martí El polifacético Manuel González Martí (1877-1972), dibujante, profesor, coleccionista, estudioso de la cerámica y fundador del Museo Nacional de Cerámica (1947), fue el casi exacto contempo- ráneo de Anna Hyatt Huntington (1876-1973). En 1934, la Hispanic Society nombró a González Martí Miembro Correspondiente de España. Por aquel entonces el coleccionista ya había publicado artículos sobre cerámica en Archivo de Arte Valenciano o Cerámica Industrial y Artística, había sido nombrado académico de la Real Academia de San Carlos en 1928 y sus estudios gozaban ya de cierto prestigio. La Guerra Civil le sorprendió en Madrid cuando estaba trabajando en su obra más importante, Cerámica del Levante español, publicada en tres tomos entre 1944 y 1952. Desde Madrid, en noviembre de 1938, escribió a Archer Huntington solicitando su ayuda para obte- ner de la Embajada de Estados Unidos su evacuación al extranjero, invocando su frágil estado de salud y las penosas condiciones de vida que le impedían proseguir con normalidad su trabajo3. 1954 fue un año clave en la vida de González Martí y en la historia del Museo Nacional de Cerámica, creado en 1947 a raíz de la [2] Archivo Histórico Municipal de Valencia, Honores y distinciones, 1966, caja 3, exp. 28. [3] Archivo del Museo Nacional de Cerámica, Correspondencia, C2/30/104. donación de su colección al Estado español: el 18 de junio se inauguraba el Museo en su nueva sede, el palacio del marqués de Dos Aguas. Unos meses más tarde, González Martí fue nombrado Miembro Numerario de la Hispanic Society. Al año siguiente, al morir Archer Huntington y ocupar el puesto de presidente Alpheus Hyatt Mayor, sobrino de Anna Hyatt, la institución lo nombró Vicepresidente, cargo que ostentaría hasta su fallecimiento el 4 de enero de 1972. Profundamente agradecido por haber sido nombrado miembro de la prestigiosa institución, González Martí jugó un importante papel en el reconocimiento en Valencia de la labor filantrópica del matrimonio Huntington. En 1955, siendo vice- presidente de la Diputación de Valencia, propuso rendir un homenaje regional al matrimonio Huntington; contribuyó a la difusión de la misión de la Hispanic Society con la organización de una conferencia en el Museo en 1970 y rindió su personal homenaje a Anna Hyatt con una sala del Museo a ella dedicada. Nacional de Cerámica Huntington” del Museo Hyatt La Sala “Anna El germen del proyecto de la sala “Anna Hyatt Huntin - gton” lo encontramos en una carta de González Martí a Alpheus Hyatt Mayor del 10 de enero de 19644, en la cual solicita la donación de una obra de la escultora para una sala que se le dedicaría en el Museo en agradecimiento por su generosidad para con la ciudad de Valencia. Esta sala formaba parte además del proyecto museográfico de Gon- zález Martí de dedicar salas a personajes relevantes de la cultura valenciana, o vinculados a ella. La realización de la obra necesitó más tiempo que el pre- visto en un principio, periodo durante el cual, en reite- radas ocasiones, González Martí manifestó su inquietud de no verla acabada debido a la avanzada edad de Anna Hyatt y la suya propia –en 1964 contaba ya con 87 años de edad. En diciembre de 1969, Theodore Beardsley, director de la Hispanic Society, anunció que el modelo de la escultura se encontraba ya en la fábrica para su realización en bronce5. [4] Archivo del Museo Nacional de Cerámica, Correspondencia, caja 8. [5] Archivo del Museo Nacional de Cerámica, Correspondencia, caja 8. Sin embargo, la obra final todavía se demoraría más de un año. El 28 de junio de 1970 González Martí anunció en Levante la donación de Anna Hyatt al Museo y publicó unas fotografías del modelo en escayola. “La genial doña Anna, que domina como na- die su profesión, y concienzudamente la es- cultura zoológica, con superlativa habilidad, la del caballo, se ha sentido en esta ocasión con arrestos y coraje para modelar el viejo y escuá- lido “Rocinante” enfurecidamente encabritado dejando en situación apurada a don Quijote, que se esfuerza en sostenerse pegado a él, sin abandonar la lanza.” (González Martí, 1970) El envío de la obra finalizada se retrasó en varias oca- siones, siendo finalmente expedida por avión en enero Imagen 5.
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