Railway Technology Review
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Annual Report | 2018
Annual Report | 2018 A word from the CEO | This is Norconsult | Strategy 2019–2021 | Heads for tomorrow | Selected projects 2018 | Our market areas | Board of Directors’ Report for 2018 | Consolidated financial statements 5 326 Turnover (NOK, millions) Contents 6 000 5 000 4 000 3 000 2 000 A word from the CEO . 4 1 000 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 This is Norconsult Our business . 7 Corporate governance . 10 402 Strategy 2019–2021 . 12 Operating profit (NOK, millions) Heads for tomorrow #headsforrecruitment . 16 400 #headsforcareer . 18 #headsforsustainability . 21 300 #headsforresponsibility . 22 #headsforenvironment . 25 200 The little big differences 100 Selected projects 2018 . 28 Our market areas . 38 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Board of Directors’ Report for 2018 . 46 Consolidated financial statements . 62 3 800 Forretningsidé Employees 2018 3 800 2017 3 200 2016 3 050 2015 2 970 2014 2 900 Front page photos Photo 1: Havøygavlen Wind Power Plant . Photo 2: City Bridge in Flekkefjord . Photo: Southern Region of the Norwegian Public Roads Administration 2 Photo 3: Norconsult’s employees working at the VEAS facility . Photo: Johnny Syversen 3 A word from the CEO | This is Norconsult | Strategy 2019–2021 | Heads for tomorrow | Selected projects 2018 | Our market areas | Board of Directors’ Report for 2018 | Consolidated financial statements As “Norconsultants”, everything we do must contribute to little big differences A word from the CEO that create added value for our clients. Photo: Erik Burås 2018 was a hectic and good year for the acquisition of Arkitekthuset joint Ringerike Railway Line and E16 In addition, we have been selected as main topics for the 2019–2021 strategy must sharpen our ability to be in the Norconsult . -
Advanced Prestressed Concrete
ADVANCED PRESTRESSED CONCRETE. Author: A.Pon Arul Yesu Raja, V.Manikandan. 3rd year Civil Engineering. College Name Here [email protected] Abstract: Pre-stressed concrete sleepers are the main components of railway track systems. To carry and transfer the dynamic wheel loads from the rails to the ground, their current design and construction are limited by allowable flexural stress constraints under service conditions. In current design practice for such a component, the dynamic load effects due to wheel/rail interactions are treated as a quasi-static load using a dynamic impact factor. Then, the allowable stresses eliminate a crack initiation. In reality, the impact events are frequently recorded because of the uncertainties of wheel or rail irregularities such as flat wheels and dipped rails. These effects cause cracking in the concrete sleepers, resulting in excessive maintenance. Limit states design philosophy for the pre-stressed concrete sleepers, containing ultimate and fatigue limit states, has been recently proposed based on structural reliability concept to rationalise the design method and minimise the maintenance.On the basis of probabilistic approach, the high-magnitude low-cycle fatigue limit states, which are more significant in terms of damage evolution, have been addressed in this article. Series of repeated impact tests for the in-situ pre-stressed concrete sleepers were carried out using the Australian largest high-capacity drop weight impact testing machine at the University of Wollongong. The impact forces have been simulated in relation to the probabilistic track force distribution obtained from a heavy haul rail network. This article focuses on the impact responses of the cumulatively damaged sleepers. -
Year-End Report 2019: Strong Earnings in an Uncertain Market
PRESS RELEASE Attachments: Date: 1 (3) 11/02/2020 Contact: Bo Krogvig, Senior Vice President Communications and Climate, LKAB Telephone: +46 (0)8 429 3445 Email: [email protected] Year-end report 2019: Strong earnings in an uncertain market Stable production and favourable market conditions enabled LKAB to increase its operating profit both for the quarter and for the full year, this despite lower delivery volumes. The market remains uncertain, however. Sales for full-year 2019 increased to MSEK 31,260 (25,892) and operating profit strengthened to MSEK 11,788 (6,869), an increase of 72 percent. The improved earnings are mainly due to higher iron ore prices and a stronger dollar exchange rate. Lower sales had an adverse effect. Operating cash flow for the full year increased to MSEK 6,981 (3,386). The improvement is mainly due to the increase in profits and to lower levels of capital expenditure. Higher expenditure on urban transformation had a negative impact. Profit for the year amounted to MSEK 10,173 (5,274) and the Board is proposing to the Annual General Meeting an ordinary dividend amounting to MSEK 6,104 (3,164). For the fourth quarter sales increased to MSEK 6,947 (6,911) and operating profit increased to MSEK 2,047 (1,900). The improved earnings are mainly a result of a stronger dollar exchange rate and lower costs for urban transformation provisions. Lower prices for highly upgraded iron ore products and lower delivery volumes during the quarter had an adverse effect. “I am pleased that we are delivering strong earnings despite an uncertain market and despite making significant investments in both the ongoing urban transformation and our projects for the future. -
Railway Power Supply System Models for Static Calculations in a Modular Design Implementation
Railway power supply system models for static calculations in a modular design implementation Usability illustrated by case-studies of northern Malmbanan RONNY SKOGBERG Master’s Degree Project Stockholm, Sweden 2013 XR-EE-ES 2013:006 Railway power supply system models for static calculations in a modular design implementation Usability illustrated by case-studies of northern Malmbanan RONNY SKOGBERG Master of Science Thesis Royal Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering Electric Power Systems Stockholm, Sweden, 2013 Supervisors: Lars Abrahamsson, KTH Mario Lagos, Transrail AB Examiner: Lennart Söder XR-EE-ES 2013:006 Abstract Several previous theses and reports have shown that voltage variations, and other types of supply changes, can influence the performance and movements of trains. As part of a modular software package for railway focused calculations, the need to take into account for the electrical behavior of the system was needed, to be used for both planning and operational uses. In this thesis, different static models are presented and used for train related power flow calculations. A previous model used for converter stations is also extended to handle different configurations of multiple converters. A special interest in the train type IORE, which is used for iron ore transports along Malmbanan, and the power systems influence to its performance, as available modules, for mechanical calculations, in the software uses the same train type. A part of this project was to examine changes in the power systems performance if the control of the train converters were changed, both during motoring and regenerative braking. A proposed node model, for the static parts of a railway power system, has been used to simplify the building of the power system model and implementation of the simulation environment. -
Joint Barents Transport Plan Proposals for Development of Transport Corridors for Further Studies
Joint Barents Transport Plan Proposals for development of transport corridors for further studies September 2013 Front page photos: Kjetil Iversen, Rune N. Larsen and Sindre Skrede/NRK Table of Contents Table Summary 7 1 Introduction 12 1.1 Background 12 1.2 Objectives and members of the Expert Group 13 1.3 Mandate and tasks 14 1.4 Scope 14 1.5 Methodology 2 Transport objectives 15 2.1 National objectives 15 2.2 Expert Group’s objective 16 3 Key studies, work and projects of strategic importance 17 3.1 Multilateral agreements and forums for cooperation 17 3.2 Multilateral projects 18 3.4 National plans and studies 21 4 Barents Region – demography, climate and main industries 23 4.1 Area and population 23 4.2 Climate and environment 24 4.3 Overview of resources and key industries 25 4.4 Ores and minerals 25 4.5 Metal industry 27 4.6 Seafood industry 28 4.7 Forest industry 30 4.8 Petroleum industry 32 4.9 Tourism industry 35 4.10 Overall transport flows 37 4.11 Transport hubs 38 5 Main border-crossing corridors in the Barents Region 40 5.1 Corridor: “The Bothnian Corridor”: Oulu – Haparanda/Tornio - Umeå 44 5.2 Corridor: Luleå – Narvik 49 5.3 Corridor: Vorkuta – Syktyvkar – Kotlas – Arkhangelsk - Vartius – Oulu 54 5.4 Corridor: “The Northern Maritime Corridor”: Arkhangelsk – Murmansk – The European Cont. 57 5.5 Corridor: “The Motorway of the Baltic Sea”: Luleå/Kemi/Oulu – The European Continent 65 5.6 Corridor: Petrozavodsk – Murmansk – Kirkenes 68 5.7 Corridor: Kemi – Salla – Kandalaksha 72 5.8 Corridor: Kemi – Rovaniemi – Kirkenes 76 -
Railway Standard
Railway standard Possible extension of the ScanMed Corridor from the Mälardalen Task 5.3 Catching the goods transport from the northern areas to CNCs’ Responsible partner: Region Örebro County Version: Final draft, 2017-12-14 Lead Partner Content List of figures ........................................................................................................................................ 3 List of tables ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 7 2.1 TENTacle ................................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Present situation .................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 10 2.4 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... -
Annual Report and Sustainability Report
ANNUAL REPORT AND LKAB SUSTAINABILITY REPORT ANNUAL REPORT AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORT AND SUSTAINABILITY ANNUAL REPORT CONTENTS Events in brief 2 The LKAB Manifesto 3 Overview of the past year 4 President’s report 6 Group strategies 9 LKAB 2009 11 Economic trends, market 13 Steel demands iron ore 16 International trade 17 The iron ore mines 18 Prospecting, ore reserves 19 From iron ore to pellets 20 Production 2009 21 Research and development 22 Human resources 23 Investments 24 The industrial minerals business 25 Subsidiaries 26 2009 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 27 Stakeholders and sustainability issues 28 Value creation 29 Control of sustainability activities 30 Urban transformation 31 Environment 34 Co-workers 44 Involvement in local communities 49 About LKAB’s Sustainability Report for 2009 106 GRI index 106 Auditors’ statement of assurance 108 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 50 Board of Directors and Group Management 55 FINANCE 58 Group overview 58 Contents, financial statements 59 Report of the Directors 60 Financial reports and notes 68 LKAB, BOX 952, SE-971 28 LULEÅ, SWEDEN Proposed disposition of unappropriated earnings 104 www.lkab.com Auditors’ Report 105 Glossary 109 Addresses 110 Annual General Meeting 20092009 and financial information 111 ANNUAL REPORT AND LKAB SUSTAINABILITY REPORT ANNUAL REPORT AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORT AND SUSTAINABILITY ANNUAL REPORT CONTENTS Events in brief 2 The LKAB Manifesto 3 Overview of the past year 4 President’s report 6 Group strategies 9 LKAB 2009 11 Economic trends, market 13 Steel demands iron ore 16 -
Typical Questions 1
TYPICAL QUESTIONS 1. Describe various functions of rail. Compare Bull headed rail vis-à-vis flat footed rail. 2. Give the details of various standard rail section being used on Indian Railways for B.G., M.G. & N.G. 3. What are various type of rail joints which are provided on Indian Railway ? Give details of supported rail joints and suspended rail joints. 4. Describe briefly the composition of rail steel. Give briefly the purpose of various elements of rail steels. 5. What do you understand by creep of rails ? Discuss various causes of creep of rails and how does if affect the track ? 6. Discuss various methods of prevention of creep. 7. Write short notes on (i) Bull headed rails; (ii) Flat footed rails; (iii)Staggered rail joints; (iv) Square rail joints. 8. What are the main function of sleepers ? Describe briefly the requirements of an ideal sleeper. 9. What is the standard size of wooden sleeper being used on Indian Railways. Describe briefly the purpose of adzing and augering of wooden sleepers. 10. What do you understand by CST-9 sleepers ? Describe briefly the limitation of CST-9 sleepers. 11. Describe the design of steel trough sleeper with the help of sketch. What are the advantages and disadvantages of concrete sleeper. 12. What are the prohibited locations for laying of concrete sleepers ? Describe briefly salient fea tures of maintenance of concrete sleeper. 13. What is the function of fish plates ? Draw sketch of fish plate giving various elements of the same. 14. What is the difference between ordinary fish plate and combination fish plate. -
LKAB Is Looking for Talented Engineers in Mining
LKAB is looking for talented Engineers in Mining LKAB is currently engaged in an important process to increase production, develop and streamline the existing production systems in our mines, and design new smart and fossil-free mining systems below our current main levels in our underground mines in Kiruna and Malmberget. These great challenges and opportunities will require additional talented mining engineers. Therefore, we are looking for mining engineers that are interested in being part of our journey towards the future, and are interested in technical development, innovation, and research in mining, with a focus on mine design, mining methods, rock mechanics, autonomous mining and underground logistics. Your qualifications All positions require a strong interest in identifying and overcoming the challenges that will be faced when mining below the present mining system. Qualities fundamental to these jobs are a passion for technology and problem-solving, a strong interest in suggesting and testing new solutions, and good analytical abilities. You enjoy teamwork and have good communication skills, and are interested in creating an international network of contacts. You hold a MSc or a PhD in one of the following areas: • mine design • mining methods • rock mechanics • geotechnical numerical analysis • mine seismology • autonomous mining • mining systems or • underground logistics Industrial experience is of great importance but all candidates will be considered. Those with similar backgrounds are also welcome to apply for one of the positions. You will be based in the city of Kiruna or Gällivare, close to the mining operations. Kiruna and Gällivare are situated in Swedish Lapland, above the Arctic Circle. -
This-Is-Lkab.Pdf
THIS IS LKAB PERFORMANCE IN IRONMAKING IT STARTS WITH THE IRON 1696 The ore-rich mountains 1912 Kiruna Church is completed, 1982 LKAB takes the decision 2010 LKAB earmarks a budget Luossavaara and Kiirunavaara, a gift from the company to the to introduce large-scale sub-level of billions of kronor for future after which LKAB was named, parish. The church will be moved caving, increasing productivity urban transformations in Kiruna are mentioned for the first time to the new centre of Kiruna as part noticeably. LKAB develops olivine and Malmberget. in a document by Samuel Mört, of the urban transformation. pellets, which prove to be a highly a bookkeeper at the Kengis works. competitive pellet product. 2011 LKAB makes record profits. 1940 Narvik is invaded by the The same year the LKAB Academy 1888 The first ore train rolls Germans and the port is blown up. 1989 The subsidiary Minelco, foundation is established to along the Ore Railway from Malm- Ore traffic focuses on Luleå until now LKAB Minerals, is estab- secure future recruitment. berget to Luleå. the port of Narvik is rebuilt. lished. Its task is to develop markets for the iron ore outside 2015 LKAB celebrates 125 1890 The company 1955 LKAB’s first pelletising of the steel industry. years and publishes a book about Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara plant – the first such plant in the company’s history. Aktiebolag – LKAB – is formed. Europe – is taken into operation 1997 Wireless communication in Malmberget, increasing the is introduced into LKAB’s under- 2018 The starting shot for the 1898 Hjalmar Lundbohm is degree to which the iron ore is ground mines using the Wireless SUM (Sustainable Underground appointed as local manager in upgraded and thus also the value Underground Communication Mining) initiative to develop a new Kiruna. -
A European Standard for Rail Fastenings for Heavy Axle Loads
A European Standard for Rail Fastenings for Heavy Axle Loads. David Rhodes, Technical Director, Pandrol Ltd., Station Road, Addlestone, KT15 2AR, UK (Convenor of CEN Working Group TC256/WG17) Presented at the International Heavy Haul Association Special Technical Session, Kiruna, Sweden, June 2007 Summary: This paper describes the development of European standard EN13481-8, which sets out the performance requirements for rail fastenings which are to be used on tracks carrying trains with heavy axle loads i.e. axle loads greater than 260kN. The standard takes particular account of proposals to run such trains on track aligned for faster lighter trains. The critical loading case arises when heavy freight trains travel at low speeds on curves for which the super-elevation and rail pad resilience have been selected to suit fast passenger trains. Index terms: Rail fastenings, Heavy Haul tracks, assuming typical axle loads of up to 22.5 tonnes 1. NOTATION AND UNITS and maximum axle loads of 26 tonnes, on the basis of a minimum curve radius of 150 metres (or 400 metres where very resilient rail pads were used). α Angle of applied load (deg) M Moment about centre of rail seat (kNm) 3. THE EUROPEAN HEAVY AXLE LOAD CASE P Maximum Load Applied (kN) PL Lateral component of P (kN) At about the time that the technical work on the rail PV Vertical component of P (kN) fastenings standards was completed, discussions were X Position of load application taking place about the possible introduction of freight below centre of gauge corner trains with heavier axle loads in several European radius (mm) countries, most notably in Great Britain, Finland and Sweden. -
Track Report 2006-03.Qxd
DIRECT FIXATION ASSEMBLIES The Journal of Pandrol Rail Fastenings 2006/2007 1 DIRECT FIXATION ASSEMBLIES DIRECT FIXATION ASSEMBLIES PANDROL VANGUARD Baseplate Installed on Guangzhou Metro ..........................................pages 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 PANDROL VANGUARD Baseplate By L. Liu, Director, Track Construction, Guangzhou Metro, Guangzhou, P.R. of China Installed on Guangzhou Metro Extension of the Docklands Light Railway to London City Airport (CARE project) ..............pages 8, 9, 10 PANDROL DOUBLE FASTCLIP installation on the Arad Bridge ................................................pages 11, 12 By L. Liu, Director, Track Construction, Guangzhou Metro, Guangzhou, P.R. of China PANDROL VIPA SP installation on Nidelv Bridge in Trondheim, Norway ..............................pages 13,14,15 by Stein Lundgreen, Senior Engineer, Jernbanverket Head Office The city of Guangzhou is the third largest track form has to be used to control railway VANGUARD vibration control rail fastening The Port Authority Transit Corporation (PATCO) goes High Tech with Rail Fastener............pages 16, 17, 18 in China, has more than 10 million vibration transmission in environmentally baseplates on Line 1 of the Guangzhou Metro by Edward Montgomery, Senior Engineer, Delaware River Port Authority / PACTO inhabitants and is situated in the south of sensitive areas. Pandrol VANGUARD system has system (Figure 1) in China was carried out in the country near Hong Kong. Construction been selected for these requirements on Line 3 January 2005. The baseplates were installed in of a subway network was approved in and Line 4 which are under construction. place of the existing fastenings in a tunnel on PANDROL FASTCLIP 1989 and construction started in 1993. Five the southbound track between Changshoulu years later, the city, in the south of one of PANDROL VANGUARD TRIAL ON and Huangsha stations.