Pre – Feasibility Report

PRE – FEASIBILITY REPORT

AT Granite building stone quarry located ins.y.no. 692/1, 692/6 over an Area of 0.99.05 Hectares, Ezhamkulam village of Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala state.

FOR Nedumon Granites (p) Ltd, Aneesh Kasim Rawther (Managing Director) Nilamel Thekkekara,Elamannur. (P.O), Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala State.

EIA Consultant Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., (QCI/NABET Accredited Organization) 3/216, K.S.V, Nagar, Narasothipatti, Alagapuram (PO), Salem – 636004 Website: www.abmenvirotech.com Email: [email protected] Mobile: +91 9842729655

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Chapter 1: Executive Summary

FEATURE DETAILS Name of the Proponent Nedumon Granites (p) Ltd, and address Aneesh Kasim Rawther (Managing Director) Nilamel Thekkekara, Elamannur .(P.O), Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala State. Existing/New Quarry New Survey number 692/1, 692/6 Geographical features Latitude: 9° 6'55.20"N to 9° 6'59.56"N Longitude: 76°47'23.09"E to76°47'27.96"E Elevation: 126-108m above MSL (Toposheet No. 58 C/16 (Refer Plate-I). Site Location Ezhamkulam village of Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala state. Type of Project Granite building stone quarry Mining lease area 0.99.05 Hectares Geological Resources 396738 MT Mineable Reserves 230175MT Production 44888 MT/Annum(Max) 43733.4MT/Annum (Avg) Depth of Mining The mining is proposed to an average depth of 23 m bgl Water Table 12m bgl Method of Mining Open cast semi mechanized mining Category B2 Mining plan approval Approval of Eco friendly Mining Plan Letter No. 1015/DOPTA/M /2018 dated 05.05.2018 Period of Lease 5 years Does it attracts any Not applicable general conditions specified in the EIA notification, 2006 Man Power 15persons Water requirement Total water requirement – 4.5 KLD Drinking and Utilities 2.5 KLD Dust suppression and Green Belt 2.0 KLD Source: Mineral water supply and water tank EMP Cost Rs. 5.0 lakhs Project Cost Rs. 49 lakhs Nearest habitation Enadimangalam– 6 km Nearest Town Adoor – 10 km

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Nearest Railway station Kottarakara – 20 km Nearest Airport Trivandrum – 97 km

Area put on Total area use at start of used at the s.no Particulars plan end of (ha)(present) plan (ha) mine working i) ---- 0.64.17 pit

ii) roads ----- 0.02.00 Land use pattern safety and iii) plantation ---- 0.32.58 area labour shed iv) ----- 0.00.30 and office v) virgin 0.99.05 --- Total 0.99.05 0.99.05

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Chapter 2: Introduction

1.1. PROJECT PROPONENT AND PROJECT SITE

Mr.Aneesh Kasim Rawther Managing Director of Nedumon Granites has applied over an extent of 0.99.05 ha to quarry building stone in a Patta land. He had gained similar experience and skill in quarrying building stone for the past 10 years. The building stone from the applied area is mainly used for construction purpose.The granite building stone quarry located ins.y.no. 692/1, 692/6 over an Area of 0.99.05 Hectares, Ezhamkulam village of Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala state.

For this quarrying project, Mining Plan was prepared under Rule 66 of Kerala Minor Minerals Concession Rules, (Amended 2015) and Minor Mineral conservation and Development rule 2010 (Draft) for quarrying the building stone with due consideration of environmental parameters so as to obtain Environment clearance (EC). Permission requested to this quarry is for a period of Five years.

The mining plan is approved by the Geologist, Department of Mining and Geology, Pathanamthitta, Kerala vide Approval of Eco friendly Mining Plan Letter No. 1015/DOPTA/M/18 dated 24.04.2018.

This feasibility report for Granite Building Stone Quarry of Mr.Aneesh Kasim Rawther Managing Director of Nedumon Granites,over an extent of 0.99.05 ha at S.Y.No. 692/1, 692/6 Ezhamkulam village of Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala state.

1.2. NATURE OF THE PROJECT

Open cast, semi-mechanized mining will be adopted to extract building stones of required size from the area for which Quarrying Lease applied.

Before opening a mine, several aspects should be considered like construction of semi-permanent structures, planning for the development/production works, formation of faces, lying of approach road to various benches for movement of dumpers, recruitment of man power, deployment of machinery, selection of dump sites, stacking yards etc. Top soil\overburden, weathered materials shall be removed prior to development of working benches.

1.3. NEED AND SIGNIFICANCE

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Buildings, walls, paving slabs. Aggregates stone used for its strong physical properties – crushed and sorted into various sizes for use in concrete, coated with bitumen to make asphalt or used 'dry' as bulk fill in construction. Mostly used in roads, concrete and building products.Thus mining of Building stones supports the country in improving the infrastructure as well as the economy. It also supports the day to day life by comforting the living environment.

1.4. DEMAND – SUPPLY GAP

As Building stone is a significant raw material in the construction sector, the demand exists in the market throughout the year. Thus quarrying of the mineral finds consumer easily in the local market.

1.5. IMPORT VS INDIGENOUS PRODUCTION

Building stone exists in the proposed site and does not require any raw material to be imported for the production process. The extracted blocks are broken into required size for selling. Send to crushers if required.

1.6. EXPORT POSSIBILITY

Not applicable since the project meets local demand only.

1.7. EMPLOYMENT

Manpower proposed to look after and carry out the day to day quarrying activities at the proposed production complies with statutory provisions of MMR 1961.The project extends employment to a total of 15 persons.

1.7.1. Management and Supervisory personal

1. mining engineer/mines manager - 1 person (first\ second class mines manager Competency certificate holder) 2. mines foreman (foreman competency - 1 person Certificate holder) 3. mining mate (mine mate competency - 1 person Certificate holder) 4. register keeper (workman cadre) - 1 person

The mining engineer is appointed to supervise day to day workings assisted by a foreman. Wherever the workers are employed more than 10, a qualified mining mate should be appointed to supervise and control the workers. a register keeper shall also be appointed to keep and maintain the registers and records.

Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd|RQP & NABET/QCI Accredited EIA Consultant 5 c) labour skilled, semi-skilled and un-skilled. i) skilled Operator : 1 person` ii) semi-skilled Driver : 2 persons iii) un-skilled musdoors\ labours : 5 persons Cleaners : 2 persons Register keeper : 1 person ------Total : 15 persons ------

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Chapter 3: Project Description

3.1. DETAILS OF THE APPLIED AREA

Permissible for Applied Area in Buffer S.y. quarrying (ha) area for position area

aluk no. leaving quarry illage

T (ha) (ha)

state& district

V safety zone permit

692/1 1.50.80 0.19.78 0.34.73 0.54.51

Adoor Kerala,

692/6 1.11.02 0.12.80 0.31.74 0.44.54

Ezhamkulam Pathanamthitta

Total 2.61.82 0.32.58 0.66.47 0.99.05

The project involves quarrying of building stone blocks from the proposed area by adopting eco-friendly and safer techniques. The building stones are broken into required sizes and being sent to the market.

3.2. LOCATION

The area is represented by Survey of India Toposheet No. 58 C/16, the location map is given in Plate 1 and figure 3.2.

Figure 3.1: Location of the proposed quarry

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The applied area lies between the Geo coordinates from 09°06'55.20"N to 09°06'59.56"N and 76°47'23.09"E to 76°47'27.96"E. Geographic coordinates for each Boundary Pillar number is given in Table No.3.1 and image 3.2 and 3.3 below.

Table 3.1 Geographic coordinates of Boundary Pillars of the applied area

PILLAR ID LATITUDE (N) LONGITUDE (E) 1 9° 6'55.20"N 76°47'24.81"E 2 9° 6'55.62"N 76°47'24.43"E 3 9° 6'57.60"N 76°47'23.09"E 4 9° 6'59.56"N 76°47'23.68"E 5 9° 6'58.94"N 76°47'25.20"E 6 9° 6'57.91"N 76°47'27.96"E 7 9° 6'56.64"N 76°47'27.56"E 8 9° 6'57.43"N 76°47'26.69"E 9 9° 6'56.99"N 76°47'25.99"E 10 9° 6'55.66"N 76°47'25.12"E

Fig 3.2: Lease boundary and pillars overlaid on the Google Earth Image

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Fig 3.3: Photographs showing GPS Survey of the Pillars readings 3.3. ALTERNATIVE SITE

Since the project is site specific due to the availability of the minerals, no alternative sites proposed for this project.

3.4. PRODUCTION

Five year period of production and the reject generated by mining are given in table no.8.The detailed information about production is given in year wise production Plate (VI, A, B, C and VII. Production schedule is as given in table 3.2.

Table 3.2: Production proposed Sub Grade Mineral Rom Production/ ore/ Topsoil Rejects @ Year (m3) @ 95% (m3) weathered 5% (m3) rock i 13514 46800 44460 ---- 2340 ii 1454 46288 43973 ---- 2314 iii ---- 47250 44888 ---- 2363 iv --- 45788 43498 ---- 2289 v ---- 41848 41848 ---- 2203 Total 14967 227973 218666 ---- 11509

Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

3.5. MINING METHODS

3.5.1. Open cast mining

Open cast semi-mechanized mining will be adopted to extract building stones of required size from the area for mining. before opening a mine, several aspects should be considered like construction of semi-permanent structures, planning for the development / production works, formation of faces, lying of approach road to various benches for movement of dumpers, recruitment of man power, deployment of machinery, selection of dump sites, stacking yards etc. top soil/overburden, weathered materials shall be removed prior to development of working benches. Hydraulic excavators and tippers in combination will be utilized to recover the sizeable building lumps and deliver to the crushing plant to get the required size of 75mm jelly to 10mm chips.

3.5.2. Details of Mining Machinery Deployed and Their Specification

The machineries used for quarrying purpose by hire basis, the name and its specification details is tabulated in Table no.3.3

Table 3.3: Drilling Equipment

Bucket/ Dia. Of Motive Type No Capacity Make H.P hole Power (MT) Jack 1 32mm Hand held Atlas copco Air 45 Hammer Rock - Attachment 1 - - 80 Breaker with EX110

3.5.3.Blasting and Explosive

Drilling of shot-holes will be carried out by using a portable compressor with jack hammers. Depth of holes shall be 1-2m bench height. The spacing shall be 0.75m and the burden shall be 0.60m from the preface. To achieve a correct blasting geometry, certain amount of trial blast is pre-requisite to effect a perfect pre- determined fragmentation and fly rock control. in case of heavy blasting, a qualified mines manager has to be appointed for proper calculation of powder factor, control blasting, sequencing and arrangements of explosives.

3.5.3.1 Blasting Pattern The massive formation shall be broken into pieces of portable size by jack hammer drilling and shot hole blasting. Powder factor of explosives for breaking such hard rock shall be in the order of 6-7 tonnes per Kg of explosives. Blasting parameter proposed to be adopted for shot holes shall be,

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

Depth (m) * Burden (m) * Spacing (m) = Volume (MT) 1.00 x 0.60 x 0.75 = 0.45 M3 Quantity of broken rock per hole = 0.45 x 2.6 = 1.17 MT Blasting efficiency @90% = 1.17 x 90% = 1.05 MT/hole Charge per hole = 140 gm of 25 mm dia. Cartridge. Quantity of rock broken per day = 108 MT Requirement of explosives per day =15 Kg @7M.T. per Kg of explosives No. of holes to be drilled per day = 108/1.05 = 102 Holes

3.5.3.2 Types of Explosives Following explosives are recommended for efficient blasting with safe practice. Table 3.4: Types Explosive used for mining Class / Sl.no. Description Type Size Division 1. Slurry class - 2 Nitro compound 100 kg Ordinary and 2. Detonators class – 6,3 2000Nos,1500 Electric Blue sump fuse 3. Safety fuse class – 6,1 2000 Mts coils of 10 mt each

Nitro compound explosives will be initiated directly by blue sump fuse with ordinary detonators or electric detonators. The Powder factor for waste rock development shall be 7 Tonnes per Kg. of explosives.

3.5.3.23. Safety Precautions

Safety provisions like Helmet, Goggles, safety belt, Safety shoes, Respirators etc. have to be provided as per the circulars and amendments made for mine labours under the guidance of DGMS. Vocational training should be imparted to the workers proposed for quarrying as per Mines Vocational training Rules 1966.

3.5.4. Loading and Transportation

Boulders are generated by the blasting; it will be crushed or broken with the help of the rock breakers .There after the material is loaded into trucks /tippers of 10 tonne capacity with help of excavators. Details of transport equipment as given in the table no 3.5 and 3.6.

Table 3.5: Proposed loading and transporting equipment

Bucket/Capac Motive H. Type No ity Make Power P (MT) Hydraulic TATA 2 0.70 M3 Diesel 90 Excavator Hitachi

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

Table 3.6 vehicle using for transportation

Motive Type No Size/Capacity(MT) Make H.P Power Tipper 2 10M.T Tata Diesel 120

Figure 3.3a): Hydraulic Excavator b) Tipping Truck

3.6. RESOURCES

The Reserve is calculated by cross sectional method and the depth of mining is calculated up to a depth of 10m from regional ground level. The recoverable resources is taken 95 percentage of the quantity of mining and 5 percentage is taken as mining loss as flying and fine particles. The total quantity of reserves is given in below table. No .3.7 Table.No.3.7.Total Reserves

Sl.NO Reserves quantity(MT) 1 Mineable Reserves 396738 2 Under Safety Zone 23750 3 Under Mine Bench 142813 Total Geological Reserves 396738

3.6.1. GEOLOGICAL RESERVES

The geological reserve is calculated 396738 MT up to a depth of 41.5 m or 10 m bgl. A detail of estimation of geological resources is given in the Table 3.8.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

Table 3.8: Geological resources Reject L W D Recovery SECTION B.D Quantity @5% (m) (m) (m) @95%(MT) (MT) UNDER SAFETY 15 15 40 2.5 22500 21375 1125 59 35 5 2.5 25813 24522 1291 72 73 5 2.5 65700 62415 3285 62 63 5 2.5 48825 46384 2441 52 53 5 2.5 34450 32728 1723 MINEABLE 42 43 5 2.5 22575 21446 1129

32 33 5 2.5 13200 12540 660

XY 22 23 5 2.5 6325 6009 316 - 12 13 5 2.5 1950 1853 98 AB 5 5 5 2.5 313 297 16 15 15 5 2.5 2813 2672 141 25 25 5 2.5 7813 7422 391 UNDER BENCHES 35 35 5 2.5 15313 14547 766 45 45 5 2.5 25313 24047 1266 55 55 5 2.5 37813 35922 1891 65 65 5 2.5 52813 50172 2641

UNDER SAFETY 5 10 10 2.5 1250 1188 63 34 19 5 2.5 8075 7671 404

MINEABLE X1Y1

- 29 9 5 2.5 3263 3099 163 UNDER CD BENCHES 5 10 5 2.5 625 594 31 TOTAL 396738 376901 19837

3.6.2. Mineable reserves

The Mineable reserve is calculated for five years is about 230175MT. reserve is calculated up to a depth of 10 m bgl. mineable reserves is getting restricted due to the formation of benches, leaving of statutory safety distance of 7.5m inner boundary, mineral locked up in the benches itself, ultimate depth of mining, bench slope adopted etc.Details of estimation of mineable reserves are given in Table 3.9.

Table 3.9: Mineable reserves

L W D Quantity Recovery Reject SECTION B.D (m) (m) (m) (MT) @95%(MT) @5%(MT)

59 35 5 2.5 25812.5 24522 1291 72 73 5 2.5 65700 62415 3285 62 63 5 2.5 48825 46384 2441 AB-XY 52 53 5 2.5 34450 32728 1723 42 43 5 2.5 22575 21446 1129 32 33 5 2.5 13200 12540 660 22 23 5 2.5 6325 6009 316

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

12 13 5 2.5 1950 1853 98 34 19 5 2.5 8075 7671 404 CD-X1Y1 29 9 5 2.5 3263 3099 163 TOTAL 230175 218666 11509

The overall pit slope shall be less than 45° from the horizontal. The recovery factor is taken as 95% from the top bench up to the bottom. The life of the mine is computed as five years at an average production rate of 43733 MT per annum to a depth of 41.5 m from the highest elevated area or 10 m from the ground level. Entire mineable reserves shall be mined out within five years .There for life of mine is five years only. The conceptual mining plan has been prepared by observing the above mentioned factors and achieved the ultimate pit boundaries at the end of period of mining.

3.7. WATER SOURCE AND REQUIREMENT

Whole some drinking water shall be provided as per the Mines Rules, 1955. Quantity for drinking and utilities is 2.5 KLD. Dust suppression and green belt of water is 2.0KLD.Minimum quantity of 4.5KLD has to be maintained as per the Rule. Drinking water is obtained by Mineral water industries by water canes. Dust suppression and green belt is obtained from water tank.

3.8. POWER SOURCE AND REQUIREMENT

Electricity is not required as the mine will be working during day time only which does not demand artificial light.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu Chapter 4: Site Analysis

4.1. CONNECTIVITY

The location is accessible from Pathanamthitta 15KM Adoor 5km Elangakulam by5 km to reach the site.

4.2. LAND DETAILS

The land use of the lease area before and after proposed project is as shown in table 4.1.

Table 4.1: Land use Total area Area put on use % of used at the % of s.no Particulars at start of plan use end of plan use (ha)(present) (ha) mine working i) ------0.64.17 64.7 pit ii) roads ------0.02.00 2.0 safety and iii) plantation ------0.32.58 33 area labour shed iv) ------0.00.30 0.3 and office v) virgin 0.99.05 100 --- -- Total 0.99.05 100 0.99.05 100

4.3. PHYSIOGRAPHY

The applied area is an elevated terrain, sloping towards north to North west- south East direction with elevation ranges 126-108m above MSL. The Topographical contour map with Geological Information is given in plate III, attached in the Mining Plan. The area is mostly covered with common regional plants with well exposed building stone formation and boulders. Top soil of about 1.5m thick is capping the bed rock intermittently. There is no major or minor water body in and around the applied area. Mostly, the Pathanamthitta area contains dendritic drainage pattern, the water flowage from the applied area due north to south direction. The water drainage plan of the area is attached in the plate no.XIII. And image given in the page no.32.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

Fig. 4.1: General view of the area

4.4 REGIONAL GEOLOGY

Geologically, the district forms part of the Precambrian metamorphic shield comprising (i) charnockite group, khondalite group and Migmatite complex of Archaean age,(ii) acid intrusive of proterozoic age and (iii) rocks of Cenozoic age (basic intrusive, Neogene and quaternary).

Charnockite group is the dominant formation of the area within which occur concordant, linear and lensoidal bodies of calc granulite and quartzite of khondalite group. thecharnockite group comprises charnockite (hypersthenes granite), pyroxene-granulite and cordierite gneiss. charnockite is the dominant rock and its variants are charnockite gneiss, massive charnockite and hypersthenes-diopside gneiss.

The rock is generally dark grey and crudely foliated. Cordierite gneiss occurs as impersistent bands within charnockite, while pyroxene granulite is seen as restites, mostly in the west. At places, charnockite is migmatised resulting in the formation of biotite gneiss, and garnet-biotite gneiss (migmatite complex). These rocks are predominant towards south. The area witnessed a period of igneous activity during the proterozoic as evidenced from the granite and syeno-granite (acid intrusive) bodies.Pegmaite and quartz veins traverse the older rocks parallel to the regional foliation.

Basic igneous activity, probably of late mesozoic age, is evidenced from the dolerite and gabbro dykes cutting across the older rocks. These dykes have a general nw-se trend. Warkalli sediment of neogene age is exposed near thiruvalla. Along the western margin, the basement and sedimentary rocks have been lateritised.(Source: district survey report of Pathanamthitta)

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu 4.5. LOCALGEOLOGY

The applied area is well exposed with outcrops of building stone formation. Geology of the applied area is mainly consists of Khondalite (Garnetiferous Sillimanite Gneiss) rocks. Khondalite composed of garnet, Sillimanite, quartz and graphite is found little amount as accessory mineral. Dip of the area towards in the North West –South East direction. The area is almost a hilly area with elevation ranges from 126-108 m. the length of the rock body in the QP area is calculated as 92m and width of the rock body is measured as 92m.

Fig.4.2: Close view of Khodalite rock

4.4. ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE DATA DESCRIPTION

The location of monitoring station of environmental parameters is shown below in Google Earth Imagery in Fig.4.1.

4.4.1. Water environment

No surface water bodies nearby. Water samples drawn from the open well found to be potable and the villagers are using such water for a long period. No adverse health hazards were reported due to quality of water like TDS, Salinity, etcof the water sample as per the test report is in table 4.2.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

Figure 4.2: Photograph taken while collecting water sample

Table 4.2: Water sample - test report

As Per IS 10500:2012 PROTOCOL

Sl. No.

UNITS

limit)

RESULTS

APHA APHA 22

absence of absence

limit in limit the

Edition2012

(Acceptable Permissible

PARAMETERS

Requirement alternate source alternate

Physical Properties 1 pH value at - 6.60 6.5 – 8.5 6.5 – 8.5 4500 H+ B 25oC 2 Turbidity NTU <1.0 1 5 2130 B 3 Electrical Micro 61.0 - - 2510 B conductivity mhos/c at 25oC m 4 Total mg/l <1.0 - - IS:3025: Suspended P.17:1984:R.2012 Solids 5 Total Dissolved mg/l 32.0 500 2000 IS Solids 3025:P.16:1984:R .2012 6 Total Hardness mg/l 5.0 200 600 2340 C as CaCO3

7 Chlorides as Cl mg/l 10.0 250 1000 4500 Cl- B 8 Sulfates as SO4 mg/l BDL 200 400 4500 SO4 E (DL=0.1) 9 Total Iron as mg/l BDL 0.3 0.3 3500 Fe B (DL=0.01) Fe 10 Silica mg/l BDL - - 4500 SiO2 C (DL=0.04) (Reactive) as

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

SiO2 Microbiological Examination 1 Total MPN / 14 Shall not be IS:1622-1981 Coliforms 100ml detectable in any100 Amd.4 RA 2012 ml 2 E.coli MPN / 6 Shall not be IS:1622-1981 100ml detectable in any100 Amd.4 RA 2012 ml BDL-Below Detectable Limit; DL-Detection Limit.

4.4.2. Air Environment

Air sampling was done and the pollutants are found to be well within the limits as per the report (Table 4.3).

Figure 4.3: Photograph taken while sampling Air Table 4.3: Air Sample analysis result S.N PARAMETERS PROTOCOL UNIT RESULT NAAQ* o Latitude: : 06°95'0.38” Nand Longitude: 10°25'80.3"E 1 Particulate Matter (PM Envirotech μg / m3 20.80 60 2.5) Manual 2 Respirable Particulate IS 5182 Part 23- μg / m3 51.30 100 Matter ( PM10) 2006 3 Sulphur Dioxide (SO ) IS 5182 Part 2 - 2 μg / m3 5.95 80 2001 4 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO ) IS 5182 Part 6- 2 μg / m3 10.95 80 2006 5 Ozone (O ) IS 5182 Part 9- 3 μg / m3 29.05 180 2009 6 Lead (Pb) IS 5182 Part 22- BDL μg / m3 1 2004 (DL=0.1) 7 Carbon Monoxide (CO) IS 5182 Part 10- mg/m3 BDL 4

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

(1 Hour ) 2003 (DL=1.15) 8 Ammonia (NH ) Indophenol 3 μg / m3 15.10 400 Method 9 Arsenic (As) IS 5182 Part BDL ng / m3 6 22:2004 R.2009 (DL=1.0) 10 Nickel (Ni) IS 5182 Part BDL ng / m3 20 22:2004 R.2009 (DL=0.1) 11 Benzene (C H IS 5182 Part 11- BDL 6 6) μg / m3 5 2006 (DL=0.1) 12 Benzo (a) Pyrene IS 5182 Part 12- BDL ng / m3 1 2004 (DL=0.1) BDL – Below Detectable Limit ; DL – Detection Limit Remarks: The above results meet the *National Ambient Air Quality Standards –CPCB

4.4.3. Acoustic and Seismic Environment

Report of the noise levels is given in table 4.4. No activity of quarrying is being done to measure the peak particle velocity due to longitudinal waves.The reported noise levels meet the requirements of KSPCB.

Figure 4.4(a): Photographs taken while monitoring noise level

Figure 4.4(b): Photographs taken while monitoring noise level

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

Table 4.4: Noise survey report S.No Sampling Noise Limits as per KSPCB dB Location Values dB (A) (A) (Day Time: 6:00 AM – 10:00 PM) 1 At Pillars 39.9 lease 39.9 boundary 37.0 Residential – 55 dB (A) 37.7

4.4.4. Soil Environment

Samples have been collected in the lease area for analysis its characteristics. Table 4.5 shows the test report with physical and chemical values of the samples.

Figure 4.5: Photographs taken while sampling Soil

Table 4.5: Soil sample analysis report Physical Parameters S. No PARAMETERS RESULTS 1 pH value (10% Solution) 4.90 EC@ 25oC (Micromhos/cm) (10% 2 27 solution) 3 Moisture 3.18% 4 Density 1.19g/cc Clay=18.0% Sand =52.78% 5 Texture Silt = 29.22 % Sandy Loan Chemical Parameters S. No PARAMETERS RESULTS 1 Alkalinity 0.0061 % 2 Chlorides 0.00121 % 3 Iron 1.21 %

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

4 Copper 0.0643% 5 Potassium 0.0035 % 6 Sodium 0.0181 % 7 Magnesium 0.00091 % 8 Calcium 0.00121 %

4.4.5. Eco Sensitive area

There is no major water body, seasonal odai or Nallah found within 500 m radius of the lease boundary. Archaeological monuments, bridges, Theme parks, School are also not located in the area. No reserve forest, wild life sanctuaries found within the 10 km radius.

4.5. INFRASTRUCTURE

Table 4.6 shows the infrastructure found near the lease area.

Table 4.6: Infrastructures approximate distance s. no. particulars location in km 1. Post office Nedumon 3 2. Town (Taluk head) Adoor 10 3. Police station Enathu 7 4. Panchayath Enadimangalam 5 5. Fire station Adoor 10 6. Hospital Adoor 7 7. School Nedumon 3 8. DSP office Adoor 7 9. Railway station Kottarakara 20 10. Nearest airport Trivandrum 90 11. Sea port Neendakara 50 Village Nearest North Koduman 10 South Pattazhi Vadakkekara 6 East Enadimangalam 5 West Enathu 7

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

4.5.1. Power Supply

Since simple methods are adopted and the limited scale of activities involved in the building stone mining, high tension electric power supply or huge workshop facility is not required.

4.5.2. Sanitary Facilities

Surface latrines and urinals shall be constructed at convenient place for usage of male and female labours separately

4.5.3. First Aid Facility

Being a small mine, a first aid station as per provisions under Rule (44) of Mines Rules 1955 shall be provided with facilities as prescribed in third schedule. Initial medical examination has to be conducted for the mine workers under rule 29B of Mines Rule 1955.

4.6. CLIMATIC CONDITION

The information presented below gives detailed historical monthly average weather conditions along with exceptional weather occurrences. To maintain relevance to current weather trends the displayed information has been calculated using data collected over the past two decades. The climate profile is taken from closest available data source to Pathanamthitta.

4.6.1. Temperature

Throughout the month of May daytime temperatures will generally reach highs of around 32°C that's about 90°F. At night the average minimum temperature drops down to around 26°C, that's 78°F. In recent times the highest recorded temperature in May has been 39°C that's 102°F, with the lowest recorded temperature 20°C, about 68°F.

4.6.2. Relative Humidity

The average daily relative humidity for May is around 80%.

4.6.2. Heat Index

The Heat Index is a measure of how hot it feels when relative humidity is added to actual air temperature. From this a comfort level is calculated providing categories on how heat conditions might adversely affect someone.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

4.6.2.1. Comfort Levels: Given average maximum temperatures and humidity levels you can expect dangerous heat conditions. Sunstroke, muscle cramps and heat exhaustion are likely. Heatstroke is possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity (see heat index for more information).

4.6.2.2. Precipitation

The average monthly amount of precipitation has been recorded at around 271 mm, that's 11 inches. Throughout the month you can expect to see rain or drizzle falling on 12 days of the month.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu Chapter 5:Planning Brief

5.1. PLANNING CONCEPT

Excavation of building stone is planned and described in section 3.5 and 3.6. Proposed land is a Private land which does not come under Residential, Forest or any other sensitive land classification. As a small project, it is not demanding any town or country planning.

5.2. LAND USE PLANNING

Area put on use Total area used % of % of s.no Head at start of plan at the end of use use (ha)(present) plan (ha) mine working i) ------0.64.17 64.7 pit ii) roads ------0.02.00 2.0 safety and iii) plantation ------0.32.58 33 area labour shed iv) ------0.00.30 0.3 and office v) virgin 0.99.05 100 --- -- Total 0.99.05 100 0.99.05 100

5.3. STABILISATION AND VEGETATION OF DUMPS:

The materials to be dumped shall be very hard in nature and it does not require any grading separately. The materials like building stone rejects shall be graded automatically during dumping by excavator and tipper combinations. Part of top soil will be spread over the non-active dumps along the slope and edges to plant tree sapling to form vegetal cover over the dumps. Such vegetal cover will prevent erosion of dumps during rainy seasons.

5.3.1. Cutting of trees:

There is no much chance for cutting of trees on the other hand the applicant proposes to plant more trees as per the mining plan, to plant at least 30 trees per Annum. Local trees like rubber, teak etc will be planted along the quarry boundary and avenues as well as over non-active dumps at a rate of 30 trees per annum with interval 5m in between. The rate of survival expected to be 80% in this area. Land use and afforestation plan is given plate-x density of trees shall be 1000 per hectare.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

5.3.2. Measures for minimizing adverse effect on water regime:

No surface water bodies nearby. Ground water level is reported as 12m bgl on the regional scale. However the fracture zones if any in the hard rock formation should not be opened otherwise it may cause percolation of ground water through joints and fractures and deplete the recuperation in the open and tube wells.

The ground water quality must be tested once in a year for its physical, chemical and biological parameters for analysis of 23 elements. The water to be pumped out will be very pure and potable and therefore it will not affect any water regime of the area. Depth of mining is also moderate and it does not affect even the ground water table.

5.3.4. Proposal for waste management:

The building stone waste is hard and porous and it will not produce any waste which will pollute the ground water. More than 95% of materials shall be crushed down to various sizes and fines shall also be screened and washed for material sand. Land degradation is unavoidable in quarrying, also it was an old quarry and further land gradation is involved except developing the pit.

The depth of building stone deposit is not known. However for economic planning the depth is taken as 41.5m from the highest elevated area. Immediate reclamation of land does not arise for this deposit. However the pit will be used for miscellaneous purposes like fish bond etc., after completion of mining. All waste and reject materials will be dumped as per the mining plan within the lease boundary. The pit will be used as recharge tank for sourcing ground water potential.

5.3.5. stabilization and vegetation of dumps:

5.3.6. Mitigation measures to be undertaken for safety and restoration / reclamation of the already mined out area

The land ecology shall be preserved during mine closure by proper terracing and stabilization with plantations.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

5.3.7. Steps proposed for Phased Restoration, Reclamation of Already Mined out Areas

Top soil shall be used for rehabilitation and afforestation purposes. In case of steep slopes, fencing shall be made to control, inadvertent entry of animals and local persons. The mine out area shall be used for storage of rain water with proper barricade which will help recharge of regional ground water table. no major dumps, however plantation shall be made over small dumps to prevent soil erosion/wash outs and help ecological balance

5.4. AMENITIES/ FACILITIES

List of equipment’s and materials required are discussed in Chapter 3.

5.5. HAZARDS AND RISK MANAGEMENT

5.5.1 Explosives

Blasting is done by means of explosives which are hazardous during of handling, storage and blasting.

5.5.1.1. Storage and Handling

The Applicant is advised to store the explosives as per the Indian Explosives Act, 1958 and the Explosive Rules, 1983. Necessary permissions should be obtained from the Joint Controller of Explosives to store and uses of explosives in the quarry in the magazine permit under Form - 23 or Agreement shall be made with holder of Form - 22 who can supply and fire explosives as per safety practices. However blasting in the mine or quarry shall be done as per the MMR, 1961 under the supervision of Mines Blaster certificate holder, appointed under Reg. 160 of Metalliferous Mines Regulations, 1961.

5.5.1.2. Blasting

Poorly designed shots can result in misfires early ignition and flying rock. Safety can be ensured by planning for round of shots to ensure face properly surveyed, holes correctly drilled, direction logged, the weight of explosion for good fragmentation. Blast design, charge and fire around of explosives should be carried out by a trained person.

5.5.1.3. Drilling

Slipping and Falling of labours from the edge of a bench during drilling is possible. Part of training should include instructions to face towards the open edge of the bench so any inadvertent backward step is away from the edge. Suitable portable

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu rail fencing which can be erected between the drilling operations and the edge of the mine can be provided. Attachment of a safety line to the drilling rig and provide harness for the driller to wear can be done. Newer drill machines are provided with cabin which controls noise level within cabins. Driller operators should be protected with ear protection.

5.5.2. Loading

Possible risks during loading of mined rocks are falling of rock on the driver, plant toppling aver due to uneven ground, failure of hydraulic system, fires, fall while gaining access to operating cabin, electrocution in Draglines, failure of wire ropes in Dragline. In order to overcome these risks:

. Operator cabin should be of suitable strength to protect the driver in event of rock fall. . Electrical supply to dragline should be properly installed with adequate earth continuity and earth leakage protection. . Wire rope should be suitable for work undertaken and be examined periodically. . Ensure that loaders are positioned sufficiently away from face edges

5.5.3. Transportation

Brake failure, lack of all-around visibility from driver position, vehicle movements particularly while reversing, rollover, Vibrations, Noise, Dust and improper / no signalling are some of the factors causing risk. This can be avoided by following measures:

 Visibility defects can be eliminated by the use of visibility aids such as closed circuit television and suitable mirrors.  Edge protection is necessary to prevent inadvertent movement.  Seatbelt to protect driver in event of vehicle rollover.  Good maintenance and regular testing necessary to reduce possibility of brake failure.  Avoid driving at the edge of roadway under construction  Heavy earth moving equipment and vehicle drivers and those giving signals should be well trained.

5.5.4. Unstable face

Chances of Rock fall or slide exists. Regular examination of face must be done and remedial measures must be taken to make it safe if there is any doubt that a collapse could take place. Working should be advanced in a direction taken into account the geology such that face and quarry side remain stable.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

5.5.5. General safety measures

Provisions of the Mines Act, Rules and Regulations orders made there under shall be complied with, so that the safety of the mine, machinery and persons will be ensured. Permission, relaxation or exemption wherever required for the safe and scientific mining of the deposit will be obtained from the Department of Mine Safety. Copy of Agreement for handling of Explosives under License Holder at Proposed site is given in additional document.

 Safety kits should be located in easily accessible place with major first aid materials in it.  Entry of any unauthorized person into mine and plant areas shall be completely prohibited  Arrangements for fire fighting in the mine’s office complex and mining area  Provision of all the safety appliances such as safety boot, helmets, goggles, ear plugs etc. shall be made available for the employees  Mining will be undertaken in coexistence with the requirements of the Mining Plan which shall be updated from time to time  Handling of explosives, charging and blasting shall be undertaken only by a competent person  Adequate safety equipment shall be provided at the explosive magazine  All the mining equipment shall be maintained as per the guidelines of the manufacturer.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

Chapter 6:Proposed Infrastructure

6.1. GREEN BELT

Afforestation plan is proposed to develop a green belt around the mining lease as in Clause 5.3 of chapter 5.

6.2. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

6.2.1. CSR Activities

The proponent is proposed to spend CSR @ 2.5% of profit as per the Companies Act, 2013 and CSR Rules, 2014 through Panchayat for maintenance of road, street light, school sanitation etc..

6.2.2. Employment potential

The proposed project will enhance the socio-economic activities in the adjoining areas. Several shops and service providers shall grow in the public adjacent to mines. Schools and city development shall also be possible owing to the fact of economic growth in the village. This will result in following benefits - Improvements in physical infrastructure. - Improvements in Social Infrastructure. - Increase in Employment Potential - Contribution to the Exchequer. - Prevention of illegal mining. - During and Post-mining enhancement of green cover.

6.3. CONNECTIVITY

The location is accessible from Pathanamthitta 15KM Adoor 5km Elangakulam by5 km to reach the site.

6.4. DRINKING WATER MANAGEMENT

Water requirement and management are as discussed in section 3.7 of chapter 3.

6.5. DRAINAGE PLAN

Water drainage plan to collect, filter and discharge the storm water is given below.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu

6.6. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Building stone rejects which amounts to 5% of the total excavation; about 11509MT will be generated for mining up to23m bgl. It is revealed in the final mine closure plan showing the ultimate depth of mining and ultimate pit configuration.

6.7. POWER REQUIREMENT AND SOURCE

Details of the power requirement and source are as discussed in section 4.5.1 of Chapter 4.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu Chapter 7:Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) Plan

Being a small building stone excavation, the project does not involve displacement of any residents or public infrastructures. Thus resettlement is not proposed.

Humus top soil shall be used for rehabilitation and afforestation purposes. In case of steep slopes, fencing shall be made to control, inadvertent entry of animals and local persons. The mine out area shall be used for storage of rain water with proper barricade which will help recharge of regional ground water table. No major dumps, however plantation shall be made over small dumps to prevent soil erosion\wash outs and help ecological balance.

Fencing shall be made around open cast working as per DGMS circulars with S1 type fencing. Back filling shall be done to a reasonable extent and depth during closure of mine. Green belt development is proposed at a density of 1000 trees per Hectares.

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu Chapter 8: Project schedule andCost estimation

The project will commence only after obtaining Environment Clearance from DEAC/DEIAA, Pathanamthitta and CTE/CTO from KSPCB and other necessary clearance from concerned departments.

a) Project cost / investment

1. Land 0.99.05 Ha or 2.45 acre = Rs 17 Lakhs 2. Jack Hammer & Ford Compressor = Rs 9 lakhs 3. Hyd. Excavator = Hire 4. Tipper ( 2 Nos) = Rs 15 Lakhs 5. Office Building, toilet etc= Rs 8 Lakhs Total = Rs 49 Lakhs b) EMP Cost

1. Personal protective equipment = Rs,80,000 2. Environmental Monitoring = Rs 2,00,000 3. Occupation Health = Rs 75,000 4. Green Belt & Dust suppression = Rs 1,00,000 Total = Rs 5.0 lakhs

c) CSR Activities

Description Total Cost Sl.No for 3 years (Lakhs) 1. Providing Sanitary Facilities to Village Govt. 0.50 School, Solar Lighting etc 2. Books, Training, Scholarship\Awards in the name National Leaders 0.50 Health Care to the villages in buffer zone 3. Maintenance of village road or Providing funds to local body or Prime Ministers’ fund on Socio 0.75 economic Development and relief measures 4. Rain Water Harvesting 0.25 Total 2.0

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Pre-Feasibility Report for Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. Consultant: Aadhi Boomi Mining and Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., Salem, Tamil Nadu Chapter 9: Analysis of Proposal

The quarrying activities in this belt will benefit to the local people both directly and indirectly. The direct beneficiaries will be those who get employed in the mines as skilled and un-skilled workers.

The extent of impact will however be confined to lease area only. This operation doesn’t need relocation of any habitats.

The proponent is proposed to spend CSR @ 2.5% of profit as per the Companies Act, 2013 and CSR Rules, 2014 through Panchayat for maintenance of road, street light, school sanitation etc.,

At the end of life of mine, excavated pit will be backfilled and reclaimed and rehabilitated by plantation with native species so as to restore the natural eco- systemwhich could have positive impact on the environment.

Nedumon Granite (P) Ltd Aneesh Kasim Rawther, Managing Director (Mr.S. SURIYAKUMAR) Signature of EIA coordinator (Mining) M.Sc., M.Phil, F.C.C. (Min) PGDBA, DIPC

Date: 06-05-2018 Place: Salem

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