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Renewable Energy Switzerland Switzerland December, 2013 Switzerland Renewable energy incentive program This document may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without our prior written permission. Switzerland Country Renewable Energy Overview December, 2013 Country renewable energy - Summary Green energy diffusion in the Solar energy incentives program country • National overview • Solar energy (photovoltaic) • Feed-in-tariffs • Wind mills • Tax credits • Biomass, wastes, biogas. • Incentive scheme for renewables Wind mills energy incentives Biomass, biofuels, biogas energy, program incentives program • National overview • National overview • Feed-in-tariffs • Feed-in-tariffs Geothermal energy Hydroelectricity • National overview • National overview • Feed-in-tariffs • Feed-in-tariffs Switzerland Renewable energy production December, 2013 Renewable energy - Production Primary production of energy in 2010 Thanks to its topography and high levels of annual (in 1000 toe) 14,000 rainfall, Switzerland has ideal conditions for the 12,000 utilization of hydropower. Hydroelectric energy production is the leading renewable energy 10,000 source with 62.43% of national total electricity Coal 8,000 Renewables production. Nuclear 6,000 Natural gas The total installed renewable capacity (biomass Oil 4,000 + geothermal + hydroelectricity +solar +wind) in 2,000 Switzerland increased by 1.13% from 14,031 0 MW in 2010 to 14,189 MW in 2011, ranking on 17th position globally. Over the previous 5 years, Data Source: Eurostat the total installed renewable energy capacity has raised by 0.44% . China was the world leader for total installed renewable capacity in 2011 with 301,440 MW, or 21.24 times larger than Switzerland. The total installed renewable capacity in Switzerland in 2012 represented 69.5% of total installed energy capacity (all conventional + all renewable energy sources). Switzerland Renewable energy production December, 2013 Primary production of renewables by type 6,000 5,000 4,000 Wind 3,000 Hydro Switzerland renewable energy production is Geothermal mainly based on hydroelectric production. 1000toe 2,000 Biomass and wastes Solar energy 1,000 In 2011 it covered a share of 63% of total 0 renewable energy production. Biomass energy production is the second renewable source of the country. Primary production of renewable energy, Despite the little share, solar energy production (1 000 toe) in 2010 has considerably grown up in the last years, such 35000 as wind and biomass energy production. 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 Data Source: Eurostat Switzerland Green energy production December, 2013 Green energy production Switzerland electricity production Primary Production of 1998-2010 Renewables in 2010 (%) 80,000 0.06% 1.03% 70,000 69824 GWh (2012) Total Solar energy 60,000 electricity 50,000 production Biomass and 31.27% wastes 40,000 37954 GWh (2010) GWh Geothermal 30,000 Renewable 62.43% electricity 20,000 Hydro production 10,000 Wind 0 1998 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 5.21% Data Source: Eurostat In 2010, electricity production from renewable sources in Switzerland reached a share of about 55 % of the total. One of the main objectives of Switzerland's energy policy, with the introduction of the FIT, is to increase the amount of electricity generated by “new” renewable energy (without large-scale hydro) by 5,400 GWh, or 10% of the electricity consumption, by 2030. Wind energy is supposed to add 600 to 1,200 GWh to these targets. Switzerland RE forecast in Switzerland December, 2013 Forecasts The Swiss government’s target for 2020 is to reach a renewable energy production equal to 24 % of total energy consumption. The target put a few years ago for 2030 is to add a 5,400 GWh or renewable energy production to total. This means aproximatively 220 GWh per year. In 2020 the added production should be approximatively 3000 GWh. Swiss Federal Electricity Supply Act Renewable energy production forecast 2035-2050 45.00 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 TWh 15.00 10.00 5.00 0.00 Hydroelectric Solar Geothermal Biomass and Wind wastes 2010 36.06 0.59 3.01 18.06 0.03 2035-2050 41 18 10.5 26 4.5 Forecasts by the AEE : National Energy Agency Switzerland Renewables - Incentive scheme December, 2013 Incentives for renewables – fast overview • The main stimulus for renewables is a feed-in-tariff scheme for each renewable source emended by government. The Swiss FIT program took as a base model the German FIT program. • The first Energy Law was introduced on 26th June 1998, the so called “LEne”, and in 2008 new feed-in-tariffs were introduced, with the “LAEI” the new Energy Law. Through the years there was made revisions on energy law. Feed-in-tariffs for renewables, were actualized in February 2010, but they are still provisory. • Tariffs are paid for a period of 20-25 years. Feed - in – tariffs 2013 Swiss franc (euro) /kWh Swiss Franc/ € = 0,83 October 2012 Ground mounted Rooftop BIPV Duration (years) Photovoltaic 0.281 (0.2324) – 0.365 0.334 (0.3019) – 0.488 0.037 (0.0306) – 0.399 (0.33) 25 (0.3019) (0.4036) Small wind mills < 10 kWp Duration (years) Large wind mills > 10 kWp Duration Wind Mills 0.215 (0.1778) 20 0.215 (0.1778) first 5 years After premium period, 0.135 (0.1117) Biomass/gas/wastes Power plant 50 kWp - 5 MWp to year 20 0.185 (0.153) – 0.28 (0.2316) Hydro Power plant <10 MW Bonuses: 0.035 (0.0289) – 0.08 (0.0662) 0.075 (0.062) – 0.26 (0.2151) Pressure Bonuses: Duration 0.01 (0.0083) – 0.045 (0.0372) Geothermal (years) Plants <20 MW Plants >20 MW Water management bonusses: 0.28 (0.2316) – 0.4 0.025 (0.0207) – 0.055 (0.0455) 20 (0.3309) 0.227 (0.1878) Switzerland Feed-in Tariffs December, 2013 Feed-in Tariffs - 2013 Swiss Franc/ € = 0,8265 25 October 2012 in SWF In Euro Hydro Biomass (20 years) Solar Photovoltaic 25 years Wind (20 years) in SWF In Euro (25 years) in SWF € ct/kwh Ground-mounted in SWF € ct/kwh Small Wind <10 kW 0.215 0.1778 Sewage gas <10 kW 0.331 27.5 maximum 0.24 0.1985 Large Wind > 10 kW <10 kW 0.26 21.6 Waste gas <30 kW 0.27 22.4 All Sites 0.215 0.1778 <50 kW 0.2 16.7 maximum 0.2 0.1654 <100 kW 0.248 20.6 60% Reference Yield 0.215 0.1778 <300 kW 0.145 12.1 Other biogas <50 kW 0.28 23 >100 kW 0.231 19.2 70% Reference Yield 0.215 0.1778 <1 MW 0.11 9.2 <100 kW 0.25 20.8 >1,000 kW 0.216 17.9 80% Reference Yield 0.215 0.1778 <10 MW 0.075 6.2 <500 kW 0.22 18.3 Pressure Bonus (for the head of the Rooftop 90% Reference Yield 0.215 0.1778 penstock) <5 MW 0.185 15.4 >5 MW 0.175 14.6 <10 kW 0.361 30.0 100% Reference Yield 0.215 0.1778 <5 m 0.045 3.7 <30 kW 0.294 24.4 110% Reference Yield 0.215 0.1778 <10 m 0.027 2.2 Wood burning bonus <50 kW 0.08 6.7 <100 kW 0.269 22.3 120% Reference Yield 0.215 0.1778 <20 m 0.02 1.7 <100 kW 0.07 5.8 130% Reference Yield 0.215 0.1778 <50 m 0.015 1.2 >1,000 kW 0.251 20.8 <500 kW 0.06 5 >50 m 0.01 0.8 Building Integrated After Premium Period 0.135 0.1117 <5 MW 0.04 3.3 Water Management Bonus >5 MW 0.035 2.9 <10 kW 0.428 35.5 Power Bonus from Agricultural Wastes <10 kW 0.055 4.6 <30 kW 0.365 30.3 <50 kW 0.18 15 <50 kW 0.04 3.3 <100 kW 0.332 27.6 <100 kW 0.16 13.3 <300 kW 0.03 2.5 <500 kW 0.13 10.8 >100 kW 0.315 26.1 >300 kW 0.025 2.1 <5 MW 0.045 3.7 >1,000 kW 0.289 24 Maximum Bonus for district tariff 0.35 3 heating 0 0 Geothermal in SWF € ct/kwh (20 years) <5 MW 0.4 33.3 <10 MW 0.36 30 <20 MW 0.28 23.3 >20 MW 0.227 18.9 Source: www.wind-works.org Switzerland Hydroelectricity December, 2013 Hydroelectricity Share of hydroelectricity in EU27 9.85% Switzerland 90.15% EU (27) •In 2012, hydroelectricity production reached 3101 ktoe (36 064 GWh) (equal to 56.8% of total renewable energy production). Switzerland Hydroelectricity December, 2013 Hydroelectricity At the beginning of the 1970s, based on the estimated mean production level, hydropower accounted for almost 90% of domestic electricity production, but this figure dropped to approximately 60% by 1985 following the shutting of Switzerland's nuclear power plants, and is at present about 56%. In consequence, hydropower remains Switzerland's major domestic source of renewable energy. Over a third of the total power produced in Switzerland is supplied by stations using reservoirs - constructed by building huge dams in the mountains. The dam wall of Grande Dixence, in canton Valais, the third highest in the world, at 285 meters. Run-of-river stations, which use the water's natural flow to drive their turbines supply another quarter comes. 556 hydropower plants in Switzerland have a capacity of no less than 300 kilowatts each, which generate an average of approximately 35,830 GWh per year: -47% are produced in run-of-river power plants, -49% in storage power plants and -approximately 4% in pumped storage power plants.
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