DOCSLIB.ORG

Got a Question?

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Got a Question? News for the kids to learn about the bay? ou ready Are y of Tampa Bay! Got a Question? Winter 2017/18 Ask a Scientist! I saw a turtle in my backyard near a hole in the ground; In This Issue: • Learn about the Gopher do I need to bring him to the water? Tortoise • Meet and Greet: Friends of the Gopher Tortoise Not necessarily, it sounds like • Conservation Corner it may have been a gopher • Fun Facts tortoise! Not all turtles belong • Fun Activity: Key“stone” in the water. They should be Species Painted Rocks left in the environment in which they were originally found. Though they are all considered “turtles,” there are actually Mark your Calendars! three general types: turtles, terrapins, and tortoises. Most turtles spend most of their time in the water. They have modified feet with webbing or flippers and a flat shell to move easily through the water. There are both freshwater turtles, like your common yellow-bellied slider (Trachemys scripta), and 7 feet deep. They not only provide and sea turtles, like your leatherback protection for the tortoise, but also provide (Dermochelys coriacea). Terrapins are given a home for over 350 types of animals their name because of where they can be and insects. A few of these animals are found. The term terrapin is given to types the burrowing owl, indigo snake, gopher of turtles that usually spend their time in frog, pine snake, rabbits, Florida mouse, GREAT AMERICAN brackish water, the mixture of fresh and gopher cricket and many more. Gopher CLEANUP saltwater, like the ornate diamondback tortoises are labeled a keystone species Saturday, March 17 terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin macrospilota). because of the animals that rely on them Tortoises live only on land. They have and their burrows. A keystone species is an Pitch in for the Great a rounded shell, are slow moving, and animal that shapes an ecosystem. Without American Cleanup on have special stocky legs for digging and keystone species, the environment would Saturday, March 17 from burrowing. be very different and there would be a 9am - noon at Fort De negative impact on other animals living in Gopher tortoises are a species grey, brown, the area. The gopher tortoise is extremely Soto Park! This event or tan in color, which can get up to around important for our Florida wildlife. is family-friendly and 9-11 inches long. They are known for the open to all ages. Go to burrows they dig, similar to that of gophers, Sources: which is where they get their names. The arkive.org; conserveturtles.org; bioone.org; myfwc.com; tampabaywatch.org to fws.gov; livescience.com; nationalgeographic.org; burrows are usually around 15 feet long register as a volunteer. vieravoice.com (photo) Meet & Greet: Friends of the Gopher Tortoise! EASTERN INDIGO BURROWING OWL GOPHER FROG SNAKE Athene cunicularia Lithobates capito Burrowing owls are a small Drymarchon corais Gopher frogs can be found couperi sandy-brown owl species that throughout Florida. They have Eastern indigo snakes are spends most of their lives bumpy, warty skin and their on the ground. Their lighter nonvenomous snakes found in coloration ranges from tan or brown, sandy coloration gives them Florida and other parts of the to grey, with black or brown splotchy impressive camouflage. They southeastern United States. They spots. prefer to live in dry sandy, are a shiny black or indigo color Gopher frogs got their fielded areas that lack trees with reddish faces. names because and vegetation. they, like many They are the longest snake in the They are known for making other animals U.S. and can get up to almost homes in abandoned gopher and insects, nine feet! Indigo snakes like to tortoise burrows. Unlike most use gopher live in similar habitats as gopher owls, burrowing owls are tortoise burrows as tortoises and use their burrows awake during the day time. homes for as shelter from harsh climates. They eat small mammals, shelter. They are important to humans reptiles, amphibians and because of their ability to eat insects. Many of the insects Gopher frogs venomous snakes. the owls eat are a bother to feed on some of the other humans, like cockroaches and Indigos are protected in Florida. organisms found crickets. Sources: fws.gov; srelherp.uga.edu; in the burrows animaldiversity.org; nature.org Burrowing owls are protected like spiders, beetles, in the state of Florida. worms, crickets, and small Sources: myfwc.com; fnai.org; frogs. defenders.org Sources: iucnredlist.org ufwildlife.ifas.ufl.edu myfwc.com; fws.gov Turtle Crossing: Proceed with Caution! Gopher tortoises love to live in dry sandy, pine These problems are not only affecting the and oak uplands and scrub environments. tortoises, but also the many other animals These types of areas are often found in people’s depending on them. backyards. The number one Being aware and keeping a negative impact affecting lookout for our tortoise friends these tortoises is their on the road when you or your homes being destroyed parents are driving is also a for land development, very important way to keep or people building their gopher tortoises safe. Tortoises homes, businesses, and are slow and it can take them roads where the tortoises awhile to cross the road. You already live. can help the animal by having There are a few simple a parent place them on the ways we can help out our other side of the road, in the tortoise friends if they are living near our homes. direction that they are moving. Give the tortoise space and keep pets away from Do not move the tortoise to a different area or the burrow. Try to avoid blocking, digging, mowing, put yourself in danger to help the animal cross. or disturbing the area around the tortoise’s home. Simple actions can have a large impact. Sources: nrcs.usda.gov; gophertortoisecouncil.org; myfwc.com; floridastateparks.org Fun Facts about Gopher Tortoises! Tortoises have been around for millions of years— even before the dinosaurs! Gopher tortoises can live around 40-60 years in the wild! Gopher tortoises usually feed within 160 feet of their burrow. Sources: fwc.com; sciencedaily.com A tortoise’s shell is not somethingDid that You it carries Know... around— it is made of bone and is attached to its body! Fun Activity: Gopher Tortoises Rock!! Paint rocks to look like your favorite key”stone” species! They make great decorations for potted plants and gardens! Supplies: Round smooth rocks, paint (recommended colors: green, brown, black, white), paint brushes, pencil. Note: Use paint pens or sharpies instead of paint for quick and easy cleanup! Instructions: 1. Take one smooth, rounded rock 9. Draw, in pencil, an and paint it green (or the body isosceles triangle along color of your choosing). Let the the front inner rim of stone dry completely. the outline of the shell. 2. Take the painted rock and draw a Continue to draw this circle on the top in pencil. shape on the right and left sides of the first 3. Outline the shape that you just triangle you drew until made in pencil moving slightly the entire shell is filled. inward to make the edge of your This is creating the tortoise’s shell. scales on the tortoise’s 4. Trace the shell you just created in shell. pencil with black paint. Let dry. 10. Paint over the pencil 5. Below your shell, in pencil, draw a with black paint. Allow small oval for the tortoise’s head. to completely dry. 6. Next to the head of your tortoise on both sides, draw 11. Inside the oval that you have painted for the head, two small half circles, the rounded part facing up for draw two smaller circles for the eyes. You can also its feet. You may also draw two more half circles on the give your tortoise a nice right and left sides of the back of your rock for back happy smile! Paint over legs. any remaining pencil 7. Without filling in the head and feet shapes that you just lines in black or whatever drew, thickly outline them with black paint. Connect you color you see fit. and fill in the outlines of the head and feet. This will 12. Add any additional make it look like the head and feet are inside the creative details you tortoise’s shell. would like! 8. Let all paint dry. Source: pinterest.com Kids’ Pages is a quarterly newsletter supplement to the Tampa Bay Watch Log. Please get your kids involved and sign them up to be a member today! eMail [email protected] or visit TAMPABAYWATCH.ORG. Cover masthead artwork drawn by Sarah Kelly, one of Tampa Bay’s talented youth artists..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Notophthalmus Perstriatus) Version 1.0
    Species Status Assessment for the Striped Newt (Notophthalmus perstriatus) Version 1.0 Striped newt eft. Photo credit Ryan Means (used with permission). May 2018 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4 Jacksonville, Florida 1 Acknowledgements This document was prepared by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s North Florida Field Office with assistance from the Georgia Field Office, and the striped newt Species Status Assessment Team (Sabrina West (USFWS-Region 8), Kaye London (USFWS-Region 4) Christopher Coppola (USFWS-Region 4), and Lourdes Mena (USFWS-Region 4)). Additionally, valuable peer reviews of a draft of this document were provided by Lora Smith (Jones Ecological Research Center) , Dirk Stevenson (Altamaha Consulting), Dr. Eric Hoffman (University of Central Florida), Dr. Susan Walls (USGS), and other partners, including members of the Striped Newt Working Group. We appreciate their comments, which resulted in a more robust status assessment and final report. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Species Status Assessment (SSA) is an in-depth review of the striped newt's (Notophthalmus perstriatus) biology and threats, an evaluation of its biological status, and an assessment of the resources and conditions needed to maintain species viability. We begin the SSA with an understanding of the species’ unique life history, and from that we evaluate the biological requirements of individuals, populations, and species using the principles of population resiliency, species redundancy, and species representation. All three concepts (or analogous ones) apply at both the population and species levels, and are explained that way below for simplicity and clarity as we introduce them. The striped newt is a small salamander that uses ephemeral wetlands and the upland habitat (scrub, mesic flatwoods, and sandhills) that surrounds those wetlands.
    [Show full text]
  • Postbreeding Movements of the Dark Gopher Frog, Rana Sevosa Goin and Netting: Implications for Conservation and Management
    Journal o fieryefology, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 336-321, 2001 CopyriJt 2001 Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Postbreeding Movements of the Dark Gopher Frog, Rana sevosa Goin and Netting: Implications for Conservation and Management 'Departmmzt of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana Uniwsity, SLU 10736, Hammod, Louisiamla 70403-0736, USA 4USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Southern Institute of Forest Genetics, 23332 Highmy 67, Saucier, Mississippi 39574, USA ABSTRACT.-Conservation plans for amphibians often focus on activities at the breeding site, but for species that use temstrial habitats for much of the year, an understanding of nonbreeding habitat use is also essential. We used radio telemetry to study the postbreeding movements of individuals of the only known population of dark gopher frogs, Rana sevosa, during two breeding seasons (1994 and 1996). Move- ments away from the pond were relatively short (< 300 m) and usually occurred within a two-day period after frogs initially exited the breeding pond. However, dispersal distances for some individuals may have been constrained by a recent clearcut on adjacent private property. Final recorded locations for all individ- uals were underground retreats associated with stump holes, root mounds of fallen trees, or mammal bur- rows in surrounding upland areas. When implementing a conservation plan for Rana sevosa and other amphibians with similar habitat utilization patterns, we recommend that a temstrial buffer zone of pro- tection include the aquatic breeding site and adjacent nonbreeding season habitat. When the habitat is fragmented, the buffer zone should include additional habitat to lessen edge effects and provide connec- tivity between critical habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • Status Assessment of Known Gopher Frog (Lithobates Capito) Breeding Wetlands and Upland Habitats in Georgia
    Status Assessment of Known Gopher Frog (Lithobates capito) Breeding Wetlands and Upland Habitats in Georgia A Final Report to the Georgia Department of Natural Resources Mrs. Vanessa Kinney Terrell Dr. John C. Maerz Final Performance Report State: Georgia Grant No.: Grant Title: Statewide Imperiled Species Grant Duration: 2 years Start Date: July 15, 2013 End Date: July 31, 2015 Period Covering Report: Final Report Project Costs: Federal: State: Total: $4,500 Study/Project Title: Status assessment of known Gopher Frog (Lithobates capito) breeding wetlands and upland habitats in Georgia. GPRA Goals: N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------- *Deviations: Several of the Gopher frog sites that are not located in the site clusters of Ft. Stewart, Ft. Benning, and Ichauway are located on private property. We have visited a subset of these private sites from public roads to obtain GPS coordinates and to visually see the condition of the pond and upland. However, we have not obtained access to dip net these historic sites. Acknowledgements This status assessment relied heavily on the generous collaboration of John Jensen (GA DNR), Lora Smith (Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center), Anna McKee (USGS), Beth Schlimm (Orianne Society), Dirk Stevenson (Orianne Society), and Roy King (Ft. Stewart). William Booker and Emily Jolly assisted with ground-truthing of field sites. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prepared By: John C Maerz and Vanessa C. K. Terrell Date: 3/1/2016 Study/Project Objective: The objective of this project was to update the known status of Gopher frogs (Lithobates capito) in Georgia by coalescing data on known extant populations from state experts and evaluating wetland and upland habitat conditions at historic and extant localities to determine whether the sites are suitable for sustaining Gopher frog populations.
    [Show full text]
  • Amphibian Annual Report
    amphibian survival alliance Annual Report FY2018 saving amphibians together © Robin Moore www.amphibians.org 1 The Amphibian Survival Alliance would like to give special to thanks the following organizations and individuals: This report and the work of ASA is dedicated to the memory of Dr. George B. Rabb (1930–2017). www.amphibians.org 2 Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations 4 A Message from the Amphibian Survival Alliance 5 Introduction 6 News from the ASA Partnership 8 Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust Madagascar Fauna and Flora Group Detroit Zoological Society Defenders of Wildlife Endangered Wildlife Trust Global Wildlife Conservation Rainforest Trust Reptile, Amphibian and Fish Conservation the Netherlands Synchronicity Earth Zoological Society of London News from the ASA Secretariat 25 General Amphibian Diseases and Disease Mitigation Key Biodiversity Areas Communications News from ASA Advisors 31 Amphibian Ark IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group Annual expenditure 34 Donor acknowledgment 37 Global Council 39 ASA Secretariat 40 ASA Partners 41 www.amphibians.org 3 Acronyms and Abbreviations Amphibian Ark AArk Amphibian Red List Authority ARLA Amphibian Specialist Group ASG Amphibian Survival Alliance ASA Amphibian Survival Alliance Global Council ASA GC Conservation Planning Specialist Group CPSG Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust Durrell European Association of Zoos and Aquaria EAZA Endangered Wildlife Trust EWT Global Wildlife Conservation GWC Key Biodiversity Areas KBA Madagascar Flora and Fauna MFG Rainforest Trust
    [Show full text]
  • Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles & Crocodilians
    STANDARD COMMON AND CURRENT SCIENTIFIC NAMES FOR NORTH AMERICAN AMPHIBIANS, TURTLES, REPTILES & CROCODILIANS Sixth Edition Joseph T. Collins TraVis W. TAGGart The Center for North American Herpetology THE CEN T ER FOR NOR T H AMERI ca N HERPE T OLOGY www.cnah.org Joseph T. Collins, Director The Center for North American Herpetology 1502 Medinah Circle Lawrence, Kansas 66047 (785) 393-4757 Single copies of this publication are available gratis from The Center for North American Herpetology, 1502 Medinah Circle, Lawrence, Kansas 66047 USA; within the United States and Canada, please send a self-addressed 7x10-inch manila envelope with sufficient U.S. first class postage affixed for four ounces. Individuals outside the United States and Canada should contact CNAH via email before requesting a copy. A list of previous editions of this title is printed on the inside back cover. THE CEN T ER FOR NOR T H AMERI ca N HERPE T OLOGY BO A RD OF DIRE ct ORS Joseph T. Collins Suzanne L. Collins Kansas Biological Survey The Center for The University of Kansas North American Herpetology 2021 Constant Avenue 1502 Medinah Circle Lawrence, Kansas 66047 Lawrence, Kansas 66047 Kelly J. Irwin James L. Knight Arkansas Game & Fish South Carolina Commission State Museum 915 East Sevier Street P. O. Box 100107 Benton, Arkansas 72015 Columbia, South Carolina 29202 Walter E. Meshaka, Jr. Robert Powell Section of Zoology Department of Biology State Museum of Pennsylvania Avila University 300 North Street 11901 Wornall Road Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120 Kansas City, Missouri 64145 Travis W. Taggart Sternberg Museum of Natural History Fort Hays State University 3000 Sternberg Drive Hays, Kansas 67601 Front cover images of an Eastern Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus collaris) and Cajun Chorus Frog (Pseudacris fouquettei) by Suzanne L.
    [Show full text]
  • Amphibian Taxon Advisory Group Regional Collection Plan
    1 Table of Contents ATAG Definition and Scope ......................................................................................................... 4 Mission Statement ........................................................................................................................... 4 Addressing the Amphibian Crisis at a Global Level ....................................................................... 5 Metamorphosis of the ATAG Regional Collection Plan ................................................................. 6 Taxa Within ATAG Purview ........................................................................................................ 6 Priority Species and Regions ........................................................................................................... 7 Priority Conservations Activities..................................................................................................... 8 Institutional Capacity of AZA Communities .............................................................................. 8 Space Needed for Amphibians ........................................................................................................ 9 Species Selection Criteria ............................................................................................................ 13 The Global Prioritization Process .................................................................................................. 13 Selection Tool: Amphibian Ark’s Prioritization Tool for Ex situ Conservation ..........................
    [Show full text]
  • Dusky Gopher Frog
    Controlled Wood FSC US National Risk Assessment: Resources for Mitigation – Dusky Gopher Frog The following provides a list of organizations, regional programs, collaborative partnerships, research groups and universities, or agencies who are working on issues relevant to the Dusky Gopher Frog. This list is provided as a resource for certified organizations as they seek to implement mitigation options in the region. Certified organizations are not limited to working with the entities listed herein. FSC US does not endorse any particular resource – it is the responsibility of the certified organization to assess the adequacy of the resource for their particular context and intended use. This list will continue to be updated, check the FSC US Controlled Wood National Risk Assessment website for updates. If you have recommendations for entities to add to this list of resources, please contact FSC US at [email protected]. Resources & Organizations AmphibiaWeb - Rana sevosa – provides a summary of the species including habitat and range, also taxonomic history and clarifications. Amphibian and Reptile Conservancy – promotes the conservation of amphibians, reptiles, and their habitats in the United States. Center for Biological Diversity - DGF – description of conservation work occurring to protect DGF. IUCN Red List for DGF (Lithobates sevosus) – provides a summary of the species including habitat and range and IUCN status. Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation (PARC) – partnership working on conservation of amphibians, reptiles, and their habitats in the United States. Southeast Habitat Management Guidelines – recommendations for landowners and managers as they consider the habitat needs in the course of planning. Southeast Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation – serves the southeast branch of PARC.
    [Show full text]
  • Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 112:9-16
    This authors' personal copy may not be publicly or systematically copied or distributed, or posted on the Open Web, except with written permission of the copyright holder(s). It may be distributed to interested individuals on request. Vol. 112: 9–16, 2014 DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published November 13 doi: 10.3354/dao02792 Dis Aquat Org High susceptibility of the endangered dusky gopher frog to ranavirus William B. Sutton1,2,*, Matthew J. Gray1, Rebecca H. Hardman1, Rebecca P. Wilkes3, Andrew J. Kouba4, Debra L. Miller1,3 1Center for Wildlife Health, Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 2Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA 3Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee Center of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 4Memphis Zoo, Conservation and Research Department, Memphis, TN 38112, USA ABSTRACT: Amphibians are one of the most imperiled vertebrate groups, with pathogens playing a role in the decline of some species. Rare species are particularly vulnerable to extinction be - cause populations are often isolated and exist at low abundance. The potential impact of patho- gens on rare amphibian species has seldom been investigated. The dusky gopher frog Lithobates sevosus is one of the most endangered amphibian species in North America, with 100−200 indi- viduals remaining in the wild. Our goal was to determine whether adult L. sevosus were suscep- tible to ranavirus, a pathogen responsible for amphibian die-offs worldwide. We tested the rela- tive susceptibility of adult L. sevosus to ranavirus (103 plaque-forming units) isolated from a morbid bullfrog via 3 routes of exposure: intra-coelomic (IC) injection, oral (OR) inoculation, and water bath (WB) exposure.
    [Show full text]
  • Mississippi Gopher Frog (Rana Capito Sevosa) Dusky Gopher Frog
    Originally listed as: Mississippi Gopher Frog (Rana capito sevosa) Formally now recognized by the USFWS (2012) as: Dusky Gopher Frog (Rana sevosa) 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation (Photograph by John Tupy, Western Carolina University, used with permission) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Mississippi Ecological Services Field Office Jackson, Mississippi 5-YEAR REVIEW Dusky gopher frog (Rana sevosa) I. GENERAL INFORMATION A. Methodology used to complete the review: In conducting this 5-year review, we relied on the best available information pertaining to historical and current distributions, life history, threats to, and habitats of this species. Our sources included the final rule listing this species under the Endangered Species Act (Act); peer reviewed scientific publications; unpublished field observations by Service, State and other experienced biologists; unpublished survey reports; and notes and communications from other qualified biologists or experts. We announced initiation of this review and requested information in a published Federal Register notice with a 60-day comment period on July 6, 2009 (74 FR 31972). The completed draft review was sent to affected Service Field Offices and peer reviewers for their review. Comments were evaluated and incorporated where appropriate into this final document (see Appendix A). We received one public comment during the open comment period. No part of this review was contracted to an outside party. This review was completed by the Service’s lead Recovery biologist in the Mississippi Ecological Services Field Office, Jackson, Mississippi. B. Reviewers Lead Region – Southeast Region: Kelly Bibb, 404-679-7132 Lead Field Office – Jackson, Mississippi, Ecological Services Field Office: Linda LaClaire, 601-321-1126 Cooperating Field Office – Daphne, Alabama, Ecological Services Field Office: Matthias Laschet, 251-441-5842, Lafayette, Louisiana, Ecological Services Field Office: Deborah Fuller, 337-291-3124 C.
    [Show full text]
  • Petition to List 53 Amphibians and Reptiles in the United States As Threatened Or Endangered Species Under the Endangered Species Act
    BEFORE THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR PETITION TO LIST 53 AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES IN THE UNITED STATES AS THREATENED OR ENDANGERED SPECIES UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY JULY 11, 2012 1 Notice of Petition _____________________________________________________________________________ Ken Salazar, Secretary U.S. Department of the Interior 1849 C Street NW Washington, D.C. 20240 [email protected] Dan Ashe, Director U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1849 C Street NW Washington, D.C. 20240 [email protected] Gary Frazer, Assistant Director for Endangered Species U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1849 C Street NW Washington, D.C. 20240 [email protected] Nicole Alt, Chief Division of Conservation and Classification, Endangered Species Program U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 4401 N. Fairfax Drive, Room 420 Arlington, VA 22203 [email protected] Douglas Krofta, Chief Branch of Listing, Endangered Species Program U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 4401 North Fairfax Drive, Room 420 Arlington, VA 22203 [email protected] AUTHORS Collette L. Adkins Giese Herpetofauna Staff Attorney Center for Biological Diversity P.O. Box 339 Circle Pines, MN 55014-0339 [email protected] 2 D. Noah Greenwald Endangered Species Program Director Center for Biological Diversity P.O. Box 11374 Portland, OR 97211-0374 [email protected] Tierra Curry Conservation Biologist P.O. Box 11374 Portland, OR 97211-0374 [email protected] PETITIONERS The Center for Biological Diversity. The Center for Biological Diversity (“Center”) is a non- profit, public interest environmental organization dedicated to the protection of native species and their habitats through science, policy, and environmental law. The Center is supported by over 375,000 members and on-line activists throughout the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Can Ranavirus Alter Host Exmncmon Probabilimes?
    3/22/16 Can Ranavirus Alter Host Ex8nc8on Probabili8es? Use of Stage- Structured Populaon Models Julia E. Earl Oklahoma State University [email protected] References • Chapt. 8 in the Ranavirus Book, sec8on on Models – Supplemental informaon has the Matlab code for the wood frog model • Earl and Gray. 2014. Introduc8on of Ranavirus to isolated Wood Frog populaons could cause local ex8nc8on. EcoHealth 11: 581-592. • Unpublished work: Earl, Chaney, Su[on, Lillard, Kouba, Langhorne, Krebs, Wilkes, Hill, Miller, and Gray. In revision. Ranavirus could facilitate local ex8nc8on of rare amphibian species. (Dusky gopher frog and boreal toad) Die-offs and Declines • Amphibian die-offs quite dramac – adults in Europe – tadpoles in North America (Wheelwright et al. 2014) • Declines – common frog (Rana temporaria) (Teacher et al. 2010) – whole communi8es in Spain (Price et al. 2014) • Could ranavirus cause exncon? 1 3/22/16 186 Brunner et al. 2015). To simulate mortality in years with ranavirus exposure, we multiplied the 187 demographic transition probability by the survival probability when exposed to ranavirus for the 188 appropriate life stage. For these runs, we assumed that individuals that were exposed and 189 survived were notPopulaon Models exposed again during a subsequent life stage (Earl and Gray 2014). For the • 190Great tool to examine how changes in survival might pathogen interval exposure, we treated intervals in a probabilistic manner such that years with 191affect populaons pathogen exposure were randomly determined using a binomial distribution appropriate for the 192 exposure interval. For example, ranavirus was not introduced exactly every ten years but on • 193Apply es8mates of survival and fecundity to star8ng average every ten years for the ten-year exposure interval (Earl and Gray 2014).
    [Show full text]
  • Dusky Gopher Frog (Rana Sevosa) Recovery Plan
    DUSKY GOPHER FROG (Rana sevosa) RECOVERY PLAN Recovery plans delineate reasonable actions which are believed to be required to recover and/or protect listed species. Plans are published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), and are sometimes prepared with the assistance of recovery teams, contractors, state agencies, and other affected and interested parties. Plans are reviewed by the public and submitted to additional peer review before they are adopted by the USFWS. Objectives of the plan will be attained and any necessary funds made available contingent upon budgetary and other constraints affecting the parties involved, as well as the need to address other priorities. Recovery plans do not obligate other parties to undertake specific tasks and may not necessarily represent the views nor the official positions or approval of any individuals or agencies involved in developing the plan other than the USFWS. Recovery plans represent the official position of the USFWS only after they have been signed by the Regional Director as approved. Approved recovery plans are subject to modification as dictated by new findings, changes in species status, and the completion of recovery tasks. By approving this recovery plan, the Regional Director certifies that the data used in its development represent the best scientific and commercial information available at the time it was written. Copies of all documents reviewed in the development of the plan are available in the administrative record, located at the Mississippi Field Office in Jackson, Mississippi. Literature citation of this document should read as follows: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2015.
    [Show full text]