4-H Cat Project Unit 2
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CHRONIC PAIN in CATS Recent Advances in Clinical Assessment
601_614_Monteiro_Chronic pain3.qxp_FAB 12/06/2019 14:59 Page 601 Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (2019) 21, 601–614 CLINICAL REVIEW CHRONIC PAIN IN CATS Recent advances in clinical assessment Beatriz P Monteiro and Paulo V Steagall Negative impacts of chronic pain Practical relevance: Chronic pain is a feline health and welfare issue. It has Domestic animals may now have a long life expectancy, given a negative impact on quality of life and advances in veterinary healthcare; as a consequence, there is an impairs the owner–cat bond. Chronic increased prevalence of chronic conditions associated with pain. pain can exist by itself or may be Chronic pain affects feline health and welfare. It has a negative impact associated with disease and/or injury, on quality of life (QoL) and impairs the owner–cat bond. including osteoarthritis (OA), cancer, and oral Nowadays, chronic pain assessment should be considered a funda- and periodontal disease, among others. mental part of feline practice. Clinical challenges: Chronic pain assessment Indeed, lack of knowledge on is a fundamental part of feline practice, but can be Chronic pain-related changes the subject and the use of appro- challenging due to differences in pain mechanisms in behavior are subtle and priate tools for pain recognition underlying different conditions, and the cat’s natural are some of the reasons why behavior. It relies mostly on owner-assessed likely to be suppressed analgesic administration is com- behavioral changes and time-consuming veterinary monly neglected in cats.1 consultations. Beyond OA – for which disease- in the clinical setting. In chronic pain, changes in specific clinical signs have been described – little behavior are subtle and slow, and is known regarding other feline conditions that may only be evident in the home produce chronic pain. -
Mixed Breed Cats
Mixed Breed Cats: What a Unique Breed! Your cat is special! She senses your moods, is curious about your day, and has purred her way into your heart. Chances are that you chose her because you like Mixed Breed Cats and you expected her to have certain traits that would fit your lifestyle, like: May meow to communicate with you Lively, with a friendly personality Agile, sturdy, and athletic However, no cat is perfect! You may have also noticed these characteristics: Can become overweight easily if not exercised regularly Scratches when bored May be mischievous if not given enough attention Is it all worth it? Of course! She is of a mixed background and can come is all sizes and colors. Her personality is just as varied as her looks, but she makes an excellent companion. Your Mixed Breed Cat's Health We know that because you care so much about your cat, you want to take great care of her. That is why we have summarized the health concerns we will be discussing with you over the life of your cat. By knowing about the health concerns common among cats, we can help you tailor an individual preventive health plan and hopefully prevent some predictable risks in your pet. Many diseases and health conditions are genetic, meaning they are related to your pet’s breed. The conditions we will describe here have a significant rate of incidence or a strong PET MEDICAL CENTER 501 E. FM 2410 ● Harker Heights, Texas 76548 (254) 690-6769 www.pet-medcenter.com impact upon this mixed breed particularly, according to a motivate cats with more food-based interests to romp and general consensus among feline genetic researchers and tumble. -
Standing Rules
Standing Rules (Version C 13-May-21) TICA Standing Rules, Page 1 Version C 13-May-21 Preface to By-Laws, Registration Rules, Show Rules, Standing Rules Uniform Color Descriptions and Standards The By-Laws take precedence over all other Rules, followed by the Registration Rules, Show Rules, Standing Rules, and Uniform Color Descriptions, in that order. The Registration Rules, Show Rules, Standing Rules, and Uniform Color Descriptions shall take precedence over any individual Breed Standard unless that Standard is more restrictive than the general rules applying to all breeds, in which case the Standard shall take precedence. TICA Standing Rules, Page 2 Version C 13-May-21 Standing Rules Table of Contents Preface ......................................................................................................................... 2 Table of Contents.......................................................................................................... 3 By-Laws ........................................................................................................................ 4 Show Rules ................................................................................................................. 25 Registration Rules ....................................................................................................... 36 Judging Program ........................................................................................................ 44 Clerks ........................................................................................................................ -
The Cat Show
THE BREEDS WHY DO PEOPLE ACFA recognizes 44 breeds. They are: Abyssinian SHOW CATS? American Curl Longhair American Curl Shorthair • American Shorthair To see how their cats match up to American Wirehair other breeders. Balinese Bengal • To share information. THE Birman Bombay • British Shorthair To educate the public about their Burmese breed, cat care, etc. Chartreux CAT Cornish Rex • To show off their cats. Cymric Devon Rex Egyptian Mau Exotic Shorthair Havana Brown SHOW Highland Fold FOR MORE Himalayan Japanese Bobtail Longhair INFORMATION Japanese Bobtail Shorthair Korat Longhair Exotic ACFA has a great variety of literature Maine Coon Cat you may wish to obtain. These Manx include show rules, bylaws, breed Norwegian Forest Cat standards and a beautiful hardbound Ocicat yearbook called the Parade of Oriental Longhair Royalty. They are available from: Oriental Shorthair Persian ACFA Ragdoll Russian Blue P O Box 1949 Scottish Fold Nixa, MO 65714-1949 Selkirk Rex Longhair Phone: 417-725-1530 Selkirk Rex Shorthair Fax: 417-725-1533 Siamese Siberian Or check our home page: Singapura http://www.acfacat.com Snowshoe Somali Membership in ACFA is open to any Sphynx individual interested in cats. As a Tonkinese Turkish Angora member, you have the right to vote Turkish Van on changes impacting the organization and your breed. AWARDS & RIBBONS WELCOME THE JUDGING Welcome to our cat show! We hope you Each day there will be four or more rings Each cat competes in their class against will enjoy looking at all of the cats we have running concurrently. Each judge acts other cats of the same sex, color and breed. -
Ectoparasites of Free-Roaming Domestic Cats in the Central United States
Veterinary Parasitology 228 (2016) 17–22 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Veterinary Parasitology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/vetpar Research paper Ectoparasites of free-roaming domestic cats in the central United States a b,1 a a,∗ Jennifer E. Thomas , Lesa Staubus , Jaime L. Goolsby , Mason V. Reichard a Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 250 McElroy Hall Stillwater, OK 74078, USA b Department of Clinical Science, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 1 Boren Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital Stillwater, OK 74078, USA a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Free-roaming domestic cat (Felis catus) populations serve as a valuable resource for studying ectoparasite Received 11 May 2016 prevalence. While they share a similar environment as owned cats, free-roaming cats do not receive rou- Received in revised form 27 July 2016 tine veterinary care or ectoparasiticide application, giving insight into parasite risks for owned animals. Accepted 29 July 2016 We examined up to 673 infested cats presented to a trap-neuter-return (TNR) clinic in the central United States. Ectoparasite prevalences on cats were as follows: fleas (71.6%), ticks (18.7%), Felicola subrostratus Keywords: (1.0%), Cheyletiella blakei (0.9%), and Otodectes cynotis (19.3%). Fleas, ticks, and O. cynotis were found in Cat all months sampled. A total of 1117 fleas were recovered from 322 infested cats. The predominate flea Feline recovered from cats was Ctenocephalides felis (97.2%) followed by Pulex spp. -
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
Polycystic Kidney Disease About the disease Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (AD-PKD) is a problem in Persian cats and related breeds, especially Chinchillas, Exotics and British Shorthairs. The Molecular Diagnostic Unit has been oFFering a genetic test to diagnose autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (AD-PKD) in cats since April 2005 About the test This genetic test is a PCR-based pyrosequencing assay and evaluations oF the test have shown excellent agreement with the results oF ultrasound screening. The test has revolutionised testing For AD-PKD. Until recently specialist ultrasound scanning was been required For diagnosis, but the identiFication oF a speciFic genetic mutation associated with Feline AD-PKD means that PCR can now be used to identiFy AFFected cats. Cats screened using our genetic test and Found to be negative For the PKD mutation can be listed on the ICC PKD negative register. The Following graph shows the percentage oF PKD AFFected cats detected by the Molecular Diagnostic Unit between 2005 and 2018. This clearly shows a decline in the percentage oF cats testing positive For the AD-PKD genetic mutation, which is likely due to AD-PKD screening and selective breeding. Polycystic Kidney Disease Interpretation of results A Normal AD-PKD genetic test result means that the cat does not have the respective genetic mutation. An Affected AD-PKD genetic test result means that the cat has one normal and one mutant copy oF the PKD1 gene. Presence oF the mutant PKD1 gene has been strongly associated with polycystic kidney disease. Each certiFicate we issue will speciFy whether the cat is Normal or AfFected For the PKD1 mutation. -
National Specialty Insurance Company Boost Pet Health Insurance Program
National Specialty Insurance Company Boost Pet Health Insurance Program Countrywide Rating Manual Section I: General Rules A. Application of Manual 1. The rules contained in these pages will govern the rating of the Pet Health Insurance Plan policies. 2. The Pet Health Insurance Plan contains multiple benefit and coverage options. Unique benefit packages can be designed by constructing combinations of these benefit and coverage options. B. Premium Computation 1. Premiums at policy inception will be computed using the rules, rates and rating plan in effect at that time. 2. Premiums are calculated for each benefit package. 3. To calculate the monthly rate, divide the annual rate by 12, and then round to two decimal places. 4. To meet the demand of a marketable price point, a downward adjustment in price, not to exceed 5%, may be applied to the monthly premium. C. Additional Premium Charges 1. Additional premiums are computed using rates in effect at policy inception. 2. All coverage changes or additions involving additional premiums will be pro-rated based upon the effective date of the change. 3. If an endorsement or change to a policy results in an additional premium of $5 or less, no charge will be made. D. Return Premiums 1. Return premiums are computed using rates in effect at policy inception. 2. All coverage changes involving return premiums will be pro-rated based upon the effective date of the change. 3. If an endorsement or change to a policy results in a return premium of $5 or less, no return will be made. E. Minimum Premium The minimum premium per year is $50.00. -
Feline Leukemia Virus (Felv)
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) What is feline leukemia virus (FeLV)? Feline leukemia virus infects cats world-wide. FeLV can suppress the immune system, decreasing the ability of a cat to fight infections. The virus can also cause several types of cancer, such as leukemia and lymphoma. In the United States, about 2%-3% of all cats are infected with FeLV. The viral infection is diagnosed by a blood test performed at a veterinary clinic. How do cats get this virus? Cats get FeLV from other cats that are infected. An infected cat can shed the virus in their saliva, nasal fluids, urine, feces and milk. The virus can be transmitted between cats through bite wounds, mutual grooming, sharing food dishes, and from mother to kitten. What happens once a cat is infected? Every cat infected with FeLV will go down one of two paths: 1. The cat’s immune system is able to fight off infection within the first 2-6 weeks. The cat will show no signs of illness and the virus will go into an inactive state. These cats are unlikely to transmit the disease to another cat. 2. The cat’s FeLV test remains positive for more than 16 weeks. These cats will likely not be able to fight off infection and will likely develop FeLV associated diseases within a few years. Cats in this stage have a higher likelihood of being able to transmit the disease to another cat. The only way to determine the outcome of each cat is through a repeat blood test at a later date. -
Cat's Origins What Was the Earliest Ancestor of the Cat Called?
CAT UNIT TWO Chapter One: Cat’s Origins What was the earliest ancestor of the cat called? ---Myacis (My-a-kiss) How long ago did the myacis inhabit the earth? ---forty to fifty million years Describe ___ characteristics of the myacis. ---size of lynx ---long slender body ---long tail ---short legs ---retractable claws How did the Dinictis differ from the Myacis? ---higher intelligence ---greater agility How long did it take for the Dinictis to evolve from the Myacis? ---ten million years What do we call the creature that evolved from the myacis? ---Dinictis In what part of the world did cats originate? ---Africa How long ago were cats domesticated? ---four thousand years ago Where were cats first domesticated? ---Ancient Egypt Why were cats worshipped in Ancient Egypt? ---They controlled the rodents. Give ___ facts about Bast. ---goddess ---cats were worshipped as Bast ---represented love ---represented fertility ---represented life-giving rays of the sun ---body of woman, head of cat 11 CAT UNIT TWO Chapter One Continued: Cat’s Origins What did Egyptian owners of cats do when their cat died? ---shaved their eyebrows ---embalmed the cat ---had a ceremonial funeral ---buried the cat in a special ceremony List ___ ways that today's cats are the same as ancient cats. ---same size ---same shape ---keen hunting instincts ---self-reliance ---same purring sounds ---same aloofness ---same affection Chapter Two: Cat Breeds How many breeds of cats are there? ---over forty Where and when was the first cat show held? ---England, 1871 Where and when was the first cat show held in the U.S.? ---Madison Square Garden, New York, 1895 When was the first cat registry established in the U.S.? ---1909 What is a purebred (or pedigreed) cat? ---intentionally bred for certain desired qualities and usually eligible for exhibition in a show ring Name criteria used to judge a household pet. -
NEMO (New England Meow Outfit, Inc.)
N.E.M.O. (New England Meow Outfit, Inc.) wants YOU to come BACK TO THE Bar-B-Q!! th Our 8 CFA Allbreed Championship & Household Pet Cat Show August 28 & 29, 2021 at the Sturbridge Host Hotel in Sturbridge, MA HOTEL SHOW with an OUTDOOR Saturday Night Dinner! Buffet Barbecue on Saturday night $37 (all-inclusive) 5 AB, 3 SP & 8 HHP Rings (EXHIBITOR-ONLY SHOW) Back-to-Back Format NEW 225 Cat Entry Limit Show Photographer – Cindy Pitts-Chenette OUR MASTER CHEFS EARLY BIRD 3 PACK SPECIAL CO -SHOW MANAGER S Judging on Saturday Any 3 entries (same owner) Iris Zinck Pam Bassett - AB & HHP + extra ½ cage space $190 Email [email protected] Jacqui Bennett - SP & HHP Phone: 781-424-1563 Teresa Keiger - AB & HHP Must be paid in full by 7/26/21 Wendy Carson Russell Webb - SP & HHP Email: [email protected] Judging on Sunday FOR THE WELL-BEING OF Phone: 781-826-5425 John Adelhoch - AB CH/PR, SP KIT & HHP CLUBS & PARTICIPANTS VENDOR CONTACT Mary Auth - AB & HHP CFA COVID-19 requirements Donna Wiedemeier Doreann Nasin - AB KIT/PR, SP CH & HHP & CFA recommended COVID-19 Email: [email protected] Sharon Roy - AB CH/KIT, SP PR & HHP general practices will be in effect. Phone: 856-384-2763 Masks STRONGLY RECOMMENDED IN ENTRY FEES THE SHOW HALL. All city, county, state, ENTRY CLERK 1st Entry (includes catalog) $80 $75 and federal COVID-19 and related health Shirley Peet 2nd Entry (same owner) $75 $70 and safety mandates, restrictions and Email: [email protected] 3rd or more Entries (same owner) $70 $65 guidelines in the planning and 415 Shore Dr. -
Prepubertal Gonadectomy in Male Cats: a Retrospective Internet-Based Survey on the Safety of Castration at a Young Age
ESTONIAN UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Hedvig Liblikas PREPUBERTAL GONADECTOMY IN MALE CATS: A RETROSPECTIVE INTERNET-BASED SURVEY ON THE SAFETY OF CASTRATION AT A YOUNG AGE PREPUBERTAALNE GONADEKTOOMIA ISASTEL KASSIDEL: RETROSPEKTIIVNE INTERNETIKÜSITLUSEL PÕHINEV NOORTE KASSIDE KASTREERIMISE OHUTUSE UURING Graduation Thesis in Veterinary Medicine The Curriculum of Veterinary Medicine Supervisors: Tiia Ariko, MSc Kaisa Savolainen, MSc Tartu 2020 ABSTRACT Estonian University of Life Sciences Abstract of Final Thesis Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51006 Author: Hedvig Liblikas Specialty: Veterinary Medicine Title: Prepubertal gonadectomy in male cats: a retrospective internet-based survey on the safety of castration at a young age Pages: 49 Figures: 0 Tables: 6 Appendixes: 2 Department / Chair: Chair of Veterinary Clinical Medicine Field of research and (CERC S) code: 3. Health, 3.2. Veterinary Medicine B750 Veterinary medicine, surgery, physiology, pathology, clinical studies Supervisors: Tiia Ariko, Kaisa Savolainen Place and date: Tartu 2020 Prepubertal gonadectomy (PPG) of kittens is proven to be a suitable method for feral cat population control, removal of unwanted sexual behaviour like spraying and aggression and for avoidance of unwanted litters. There are several concerns on the possible negative effects on PPG including anaesthesia, surgery and complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of PPG. Microsoft excel was used for statistical analysis. The information about 6646 purebred kittens who had gone through PPG before 27 weeks of age was obtained from the online retrospective survey. Database included cats from the different breeds and –age groups when the surgery was performed, collected in 2019. -
Think Twice Before You Declaw
This article first appeared in the Winter 2006 issue of Animal Behavior Consulting: Theory and Practice, a publication of the International Association of Animal Behavior Consultants, www.iaabc.org. Copyright 2006 The IAABC. Think Twice Before You Declaw The Itch to Scratch Cats do write. They don’t communicate Asking a cat never to scratch with a pen and paper or by using a com- is asking a cat not to act like puter keyboard. Instead, their prose is cat a cat. scratch—literally. They scratch to express their excitement and pleasure. They Most of us don’t mind that scratch to leave messages, both visual and cats scratch; what bothers us aromatic. (A cat’s paws have scent glands is where they scratch. But that leave smell-o-grams; we can’t read nearly all cats can be taught them, but other cats can.) where to scratch—and where not to. Kittens are Cats also scratch, not to sharpen their nails particularly easy to train, but to remove the worn-out sheaths from but it’s not that difficult to their claws. You see the results as little cres- teach the adults, either. The cent-moon shaped bits around scratching secret is to provide attractive areas. Scratching is good exercise, too. scratching alternatives to the sofa or stereo speakers and Scratching is normal behavior for cats. then teach the cat to use those alternatives. All cats scratch; it’s part of being a cat. Reality Check Just so you know, a typical declaw on a cat who goes outdoors, since de- (called an onychectomy) is an irre- clawed cats have been disarmed.