Boscaswell Conservation Area Appraisal

DRAFT AUGUST 2009

Contents: Page

Conservation Area Map Summary of Special Interest 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Conservation Areas 2 1.2 Boscaswell's Conservation Area 2 1.3 Purpose & Scope of this Character Appraisal 2 1.4 Planning Policy Framework 3 1.5 World Heritage Site Inscription 3 1.6 Consultation & Adoption 4

2.0 LOCATION AND LANDSCAPE SETTING

2.1 Location 5 2.2 Landscape Setting 5

3.0 HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT

3.1 The History of Boscaswell 7 3.2 Physical Development 9

Pre-Industrial 9

Industrial (1820 - 1986) 10

Post Industrial 10

4.0 APPRAISAL OF SPECIAL INTEREST

4.1 General Character 12 4.2 Surviving Historic Fabric 12 Pre-Industrial 12 Industrial 12 4.3 Architecture, Geology & Building Materials 13 Geology and Building Materials 13 Architectural Styles 15

4.4 Spaces, Views & Vistas 16

4.5 Character Areas 18

• Old Boscaswell 18

• Carn Ros – lower end 23

• Carn Ros – upper end 25

• Boscaswell Road 27

5.0 PRESERVATION AND ENHANCEMENT

5.1 Preservation 29 5.2 Design Guidance 29 5.3 Scheduled Monuments and Listed Buildings 30 5.4 The Protection of Other Buildings 31 5.5 Issues 31 5.5.1 Highway Related Issues 32 5.5.2 Boundary Treatment and Garden Development 32 5.5.3 Outbuildings 34 5.5.4 Retaining References to Former Uses of land and buildings 35 5.5.5 Use of Prevalent Traditional and Local Building Materials 37 5.5.6 Contribution of Trees and Other Vegetation 39 5.5.7 Wirescape and other Statutory Installations and Services 40 5.5.8 Extent of Intrusion and Damage 41 5.5.9 Archaeology 43 5.5.10 Climate Change and Historic Conservation 44 5.5.11 Boundary Alterations 44

North Boscaswell Mine (disused) Cornwall & Scilly Shaft North Boscaswell Mine This map only shows the Historic Environment Record conservation area subject (disused) Kennall Building, Old County Hall, to this appraisal. In some Station Road, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3AY cases other conservation tel: 01872 323603 fax: 01872 323811 ¯ email: [email protected] areas adjoin the boundary ) m so you should check with (u th the Historic Environment Pa Title Stone Service if you need to know

) whether you are within a DW m (u conservation area. h Boscaswell at 83.3m P Conservation Area W 0 25 50 100 D

W metres D Key

W T D ra c k Conservation Areas

DW DW

a r

T Scheduled ) um Monument ( h at P T r Significant Historic a c T k r Bos Arvorek a Building c 92.6m Lower Boscaswell k

Farm House DW 3 h 9 ot C ey wj r o e B n Fogou n r r a o NB - This map cannot B d C r n ar a B e be used for the purposes w h a n T r 4 e DW 3 of identifying whether or a 17 S White B 18 Waves not a building is listed, 87.3m 95.8m Kerensa Wr T as it is not a complete 16 19 record. Buildings are

4 12 M 4 added or removed from is H s C io The Piggery 23 13 o 3 w r the list from time to time. u n o s 4 Ro e ters s Wyrd Way Pe s Walls, outhouses and w Scolars 31 DW 3 i 15 2 n other structures in the 2 d 7 35 Levant 29 Casa- s Cottage 38 mia curtilage of a principal DW Wheal listed building are also 5 Zandra Bar 4 60 n Cot C covered by listing tage a arn R n os e 52 designation, but are not Cruder d 53 DW 1 LB n

a shown here. Please consult Meadow Penhaven v 1 Mordros a

C 4 the Historic Environment

2 Bojunda Long Barn 5 Chy-an-Well l Service if you need to

5 E BO 3 ta C S S 3 R C 8 identify the listed status A A b

3 P S

2 1 W u L E S L L 3 of a building or structure. E L 7 R W O S A 7 6 A D C 5 1 S 1 6 O 1 B R 6 E

Holy 7

W 8 4 Lower O Penvilla Well L th Treweeks B y

os P Shaft

Boscaswell 1

5 - c 9

9 a sw P n 1 e ar 1 -a

ll k- k 1 1 E a r

st n- a 0 P 1 a te yt P D h A

1 R 0

TCB S

2 K 5 Lower

BE oscaswell E 6 S 6 W 3 2 ) E Path (um A E R

2 T 1 R 1 T 1

1 1

0 3

7 © This document is Copyright. It should not be relied on or used in circumstances other than those for which it was originally prepared and for which Cornwall County Council 18 M was originally commissioned. Cornwall County Council OO accepts no responsibility for this drawing to any other party

6 1 A 1 other than the person(s) by whom it was commissioned. N 1 D

CL O 1

SE 3 BOorisgicnatosrwell Lower Downs

5 2

5 Date

Boscaswell (now known as Lower Boscaswell) has an intimate relationship with its surrounding landscape lying a few hundred meters to the west of the main St Just – St Ives coast road, situated on the coastal plain between Pendeen and the sea. Boscaswell was the original settlement focus in this area and remains a separate village with a locally typical settlement pattern, and because of the continuation of mining in the vicinity up until the end of 20th century went through a long period of continuous development and change. There are prehistoric settlement remains, a medieval holy well, buildings associated with post medieval farming and pre-19th century mining, as well as 19th century industrial housing, around all of which the conservation area is based. The grain of the settlement has a pattern of parallel lines of development converging on the Iron Age settlement site. A few 17th /early 18th century buildings survive. During the industrial period individual cottages and rows appeared along the road on the north side of Boscaswell Lower Downs. There has been some loss of cottages in the hamlet centre, and examples where terraces have grown from single buildings, and single larger buildings may have once been multiple properties. The granite and slate rows in the old hamlet form a good sequence stepping up the slope and are typically of a variety of single and double fronted cottages, but with additions and alterations, set within a good series of lanes and alleys. As the rows were built further out of the old settlement they became more regular and terrace like and show signs of more coherent development rather than informally connected rows of cottages. The are some good surviving agricultural buildings within the settlement, and a good series of old walls, particularly those associated with the old Iron Age settlement at the west end of the conservation area and some good stone metalled tracks survive in places. Views into the Conservation Area are perhaps best gained from the north where there is a almost completely harmonious sequence of cottages, farm buildings and rows forming a good cohesive group. Views from the south are dominated by the 20th century council housing. There are good views out of the conservation area towards Pendeen Watch, the settlements of Pendeen and Trewellard and to Geevor Mine which forms a dominant landscape feature.