Book of Abstracts
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Impact Assessment of Land Use Changes EFORWOOD International Conference Book of Abstracts April 6th-9th, 2008 Humboldt University Unter den Linden Berlin, Germany International Conference Impact Assessment of Land Use Changes April 6-9, 2008 Humboldt University Unter den Linden 6 Berlin, Germany book of abstracts edited by O. Dilly, K. Helming III Rationale Land use represents a key human activity which land use changes’ intends to stimulate the scienti- drives socio-economic development in rural regi- fic community by integrating expertise on impact ons and manipulates structures and processes in the assessment, land use and landscape research, ag- environment. At the European level, policies rela- riculture, forestry, environmental economics, rural ted to land use intends to support efficient use of sociology and the science policy interface. Within natural resources and to improve socio-economic a wider scientific forum, we wish to share ideas, developments. Social cohesion should be consi- approaches and innovative results on impact as- dered and economic growth should not favour en- sessment of land use and policy support for sustai- vironmental degradation. Thus, tools are required nable development. that help during the anticipation of cross-cutting impacts of land use related policies on environ- mental, social and economic dimensions. Impact assessment is a growing scientific field that includes a variety of methods and involves a range of disciplines. At the European Commission level, sustainability impact assessment is designed to integrate a range of impact assessment types. The Integrated EU Project SENSOR develops ex-ante Sustainability Impact Assessment Tools (SIAT) to support policy making related to multifunctional land use in European regions. SENSOR is part of a cluster of large projects launched by the European Commission to build science based support tools for sustainability impact assessment related to land use. This cluster includes the projects EFOR- WOOD (forestry wood chain), PLUREL (rural-ur- ban linkages) and SEAMLESS (agriculture). The- se projects jointly prepared this conference. This book containing the short abstracts of the in- ternational conference ‘Impact assessment of IV Plenary 7 Tools and Models Impact assessment methods and tools 15 Linking models for land use assessment 32 Integrated assessment of agricultural systems 39 Earth observation and tools for regional sustainable impact assessment 53 Software infrastructure and information management for impact assessment 63 Policies and Scenarios Multifunctional land use 70 Science policy interfaces 87 Urban rural linkages 94 Scenario development for impact assessment and land use 111 Assessing global impacts of national policies (Interrelations and trade-offs) 121 Scale and Indicators The role of case studies in the development of impact assessment tools 127 Sustainability impact assessment of forest land-use and forest value chains 146 Role of indicators and indicator frameworks in impact assessments 161 Ex-ante assessment of environmental impacts 167 Scaling and aggregation of data and indicators for sustainability impact assessment 175 Participation and Socio-economy Economic valuation in the context of land use policies 181 Social indicators and quality of life effects 188 Landscape character assessment and planning: perspectives for institutional change 194 Sustainability impact assessment and environmental technologies in sensitive regions 212 Participatory approaches to sustainability valuation 235 Author Index 247 V Monday 11:00-12:30 Audimax Plenary Impact Assessment of Land Use: An Economist’s Perspective Dr. Anil Markandya1 1 Department of Economics and International Development, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom Land has long been seen as a critical resource in Keywords: Land, economics, market failures, im- determining the economic and social structure of pact assessment a society and the wellbeing of its people. Indeed it was more important in the work of classical eco- nomists such as Malthus, Ricardo and Smith than it was to the later ‘neoclassicals’ such as Marshall, Pigou and Walras. As we now turn to the theme of sustainability in our economic and social planning we need to revi- sit the role of land as a resource and how it plays a distinctive part in determining economic deve- lopment. This paper looks at how economic tools of analysis can be brought to bear on this distinc- tive role. Land is different from other resources in being fixed and in having a spatial dimension that prevents it being moved in response to the forces of supply and demand. This has a number of con- sequences for social and economic planning and policy. A key aspect is that decisions about land use affect other markets in complex and important ways. Moreover these effects imply that allocating land to the highest bidder can fail to achieve eco- nomic efficiency. In technical terms we face mar- ket failures often resulting from non-convexities in the economic decision-space. This paper will explore these market failures, how they can be resolved and what they imply for land allocation and land impact assessment. Areas covered include: housing and land use, transport systems and land allocations, irreversibilities of specific land uses and externalities arising from different forms of land use and the role of property rights in efficient land use. International Conference, April 2008, Berlin Impact Assessment of Land Use Changes 7 Plenary Monday 11:00-12:30 Audimax Sustainability impact assessment of policy induced land use changes – the SENSOR approach Dr. Katharina Helming1 1 Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) e.V., Müncheberg, Germany Land use is a key human activity, which, through sion making on policies related to multifunctional the exploitation of natural resources, fosters so- land use in European regions. Transferabilities of cio-economic development and alters structures analytical approaches to extra European conditions and processes in the environment. At the Europe- are tested in China and Latin America. an level, the Sustainable Development Strategy The analytical approach is based on three key as- stresses the need for real integration of economic, sessment streams: (1) European-wide, indicator- environmental and social issues across policy are- based driving force and impact analysis of land as. In particular, land use policy aims to promote use policy scenarios; (2) region specific risk and sustainability pathways of natural resources use threshold assessment making use of spatial refe- and rural development through the decoupling of rence systems, land use functions and participato- economic growth from environmental degrada- ry processes; and (3) case study based, exemplary tion. Manifested with the idea of multifunctional sensitive area studies in mountains, islands, coa- land use, the environment is understood to provi- stal zones, post-industrialised areas using detailed de a portfolio of functionalities, which, through information on specific sustainability issues, and proper land use management, can be exploited as engaging with stakeholders at local level. Data ma- environmental goods and services for the benefit nagement systems and institu¬tional analysis com- of society. A sustainable way of managing land plement these assessments. use requires tools that can provide anticipations of The impact assessment tools consider policy cases possible impacts of land use decisions. that affect land use in relation to six economic sec- tors: agriculture; forestry; tourism; nature conser- Impact assessment is an emerging scientific field vation; transport and energy infrastructure. Based involving a range of disciplines and methods. At on qualitative and quantitative indicator analyses, the European Commission level, sustainability impacts of simulated land use changes on social, impact assessment is designed to promote better environmental and economic sustainability issues regulation and foster sustainable development. To are assessed at regional (NUTS2/3) scale. Valua- substantiate impact assessment procedures and de- tion of these impacts is based on the concept of velop science based tools, the European Commissi- multifunctionality of land use. This presentation on launched a series of integrated research projects provides the contextual background analytical ap- in it’s sixth Framework Programme for Research. proach in SENSOR, it analyses so far achieved re- The Integrated Project SENSOR is one of these. sults and gives an outlook on ongoing work. It involves 39 partners from Europe, China and Latin America and develops ex-ante Sustainability Keywords: Impact Assessment Tools (SIAT) to support deci- Land use, scenario studies, integrated impact as- International Conference, April 2008, Berlin 8 Impact Assessment of Land Use Changes Plenary sessment, indicator analysis, modelling, participa- tion, land use functions, multifunctionality, sustai- nability valuation International Conference, April 2008, Berlin Impact Assessment of Land Use Changes 9 Plenary Monday 11:00-12:30 Audimax Integrated assessment of agricultural systems – on methods, models and interdisciplinarity Dr. Martin van Ittersum1, Frank Ewert1, Johanna Alkan Olsson1, Erling Andersen1, Floor Brouwer1, Thomas Heckelei1, Jacques Wery1, Jan Erik Wien1, Joost Wolf1 1 Wageningen University, group Plant Production systems, Haarweg 333, 6709 RZ Wageningen, The Netherlands Introduction: Agricultural technologies and ag- SEAMLESS