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Ordo Lepidoptera: Ilionoidea

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Ordo Lepidoptera: Ilionoidea UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA KOMUNITAS KUPU-KUPU (ORDO LEPIDOPTERA: PAPILIONOIDEA) DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA DEPOK, JAWA BARAT SKRIPSI EKA NURLAILA UTAMI 0606069685 FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM DEPARTEMEN BIOLOGI DEPOK JANUARI 2012 Komunitas kupu-kupu..., Eka Nurlaila Utami, FMIPA UI, 2012 UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA KOMUNITAS KUPU-KUPU (ORDO LEPIDOPTERA: PAPILIONOIDEA) DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA DEPOK, JAWA BARAT SKRIPSI Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sains EKA NURLAILA UTAMI 0606069685 FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM DEPARTEMEN BIOLOGI DEPOK JANUARI 2012 ii Komunitas kupu-kupu..., Eka Nurlaila Utami, FMIPA UI, 2012 ii Universitas Indonesia Komunitas kupu-kupu..., Eka Nurlaila Utami, FMIPA UI, 2012 viiiii Universitas Indonesia Komunitas kupu-kupu..., Eka Nurlaila Utami, FMIPA UI, 2012 KATA PENGANTAR Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin, segala puji bagi Allah SWT atas rahmat dan karuniaNya yang telah dianugerahkan sehingga penulisan skripsi ini dapat terselesaikan. Shalawat dan salam penulis sampaikan kepada sebaik-baik panutan, Rasulullah Muhammad SAW, beserta keluarga, para sahabat dan semua yang meniti jalannya melalui al-Qur’an dan as-Sunah. Penulis menyadari bahwa tanpa bantuan dan bimbingan, motivasi dari berbagai pihak, sangatlah sulit bagi penulis untuk menyelesaikan untuk skripsi ini. Oleh karena itu, penulis menyampaikan terima kasih kepada: 1. Bapak Dr. Adi Basukriadi dan Ibu Prof. Dr. Woro A. Noerdjito selaku pembimbing yang telah memberikan berbagai fasilitas, waktu untuk membimbing, memberi pengarahan, memberi nasihat, dan saran kepada penulis. Terimakasih untuk nasihat-nasihat yang memotivasi dan menginspirasi penulis selama melaksanakan penelitian dan penulisan skripsi ini. 2. Bapak Drs. Wisnu Wardhana, M. Si dan Bapak Andrio Adi Wibowo, M. Sc. selaku dosen penguji yang telah memberikan koreksi, masukan, kritik dan saran yang membangun sejak mulainya penelitian hingga terselesaikannya skripsi ini. 3. Ibu Lestari Rahayu, M. Sc. selaku pembimbing akademik yang telah mendampingi penulis selama masa perkuliahan. Terimakasih untuk perhatian dan kasih sayang yang diberikan kepada penulis. 4. Dr. rer. nat. Mufti Petala Patria selaku ketua Departemen Biologi, Nining B. Prihantini, M. Sc. selaku sekretaris Departemen Biologi, Dr. Wibowo Mangunwardoyo dan Setiorini, M. Kes selaku Koordinator Seminar, Dra. Titi Soedjiarti, S.U. selaku Koordinator Pendidikan, serta seluruh pendidik yang telah memberikan berbagai bekal ilmu yang bermanfaat. 5. Tidak lupa kepada segenap karyawan Departemen Biologi yang telah memberikan berbagai bantuan kepada penulis (Ir. Rusmalina, Asri Martini, S. viiiv Universitas Indonesia Komunitas kupu-kupu..., Eka Nurlaila Utami, FMIPA UI, 2012 Si., Ahmad Supriyadi, S. Ip, Ibu Ida, Pak Taryana, Pak Taryono, Mas Dedi, Pak Arif, Mbak Aam dan Bu Siti). 6. Dr. Hari Sutrisno selaku kepala laboratorium Bidang Zoologi, Bapak Endang Cholik, Ibu Rina Rahmatiyah, Bapak Sarino, Mas Anto selaku teknisi Laboratorium Entomologi, M. Rofik Sofyan, M. Si., selaku peneliti atas berbagai bantuan dan fasilitias yang diberikan kepada penulis. 7. Kedua orang tua, Mama & Bapak, yang telah merawat, mendidik, memberikan curahan kasih sayang, dan lantunan do’a yang senantiasa menyertai langkah penulis. Semoga Allah selalu merahmati dan memberikan balasan terindah atas pengorbanan kalian. 8. Sahabat-sahabat Felix, khususnya kepada sahabat bermalam (nina), kepada Maulida O., S.Si, Rika P, S. Si., Mardhatillah S. S. Si.,,Erna F., S.Si., Okvita S. S. Si, Vinda R.S., S. Si., Fuji P, S. Si, Indah, kakak-kakak, teman-teman & adik-adik [Baliveau-Felix-Blossom-Bi0s8ntris-Zy9omorphic] atas berbagai pertolongan dan jamuan ukhuwah yang indah. Juga kepada Dyla, Nurul, Rila, Anggun, Suriyanto S. Si., Adhitia P. S. Si., Wahyu, Adri, Roland, Nugroho P. Sumanto, M. Si. & Dimas H. P., M. Si atas berbagai bantuannya. 9. Seluruh penduduk negeri Pelangi, Tim 11, Galaksi, rekan-rekan Core Team (CT) HIMBIO`08 dan keluarga Bidang 2. Jazakumullahu ahsanul jaza atas do’a, dukungan, berbagai bantuan dan indahnya ikatan ukhuwah yang diberikan kepada penulis. 10. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu per satu yang telah banyak membantu dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Penulis menyadari masih terdapat berbagai kekurangan dalam skripsi ini. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengharapkan masukan, saran dan kritik yang membangun untuk perbaikan skripsi ini. Semoga skripsi ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi pembaca dan bagi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Penulis 2012 viiv Universitas Indonesia Komunitas kupu-kupu..., Eka Nurlaila Utami, FMIPA UI, 2012 viivi Universitas Indonesia Komunitas kupu-kupu..., Eka Nurlaila Utami, FMIPA UI, 2012 ABSTRAK Nama : Eka Nurlaila Utami Program Studi : Biologi Judul : Komunitas Kupu-kupu (Ordo Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) di Kampus Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dan kesamaan jenis antar empat tipe habitat di Kampus UI, Depok. Penelitian menggunakan metode transek pada 11 lokasi pengamatan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shanon-Wienner, indeks kemerataan, dan indeks kesamaan jenis antar tipe habitat. Kupu-kupu yang berhasil terkoleksi dan teramati sejumlah 856 individu yang termasuk ke dalam 46 spesies. Leptosia nina adalah jenis yang ditemukan di semua lokasi pengamatan dan Ypthima philomella adalah jenis yang paling melimpah (158 individu). Indeks keanekaragaman jenis tertinggi terdapat pada lokasi penelitian Hutan Kota titik 7 (H’ = 2,81) dan terendah di Tanah Lapang Boulevard (H’ = 1,21). Indeks kemerataan jenis tertinggi pada lokasi penelitian Hutan Kota titik 6 (E = 0.92), sedangkan yang terendah pada lokasi penelitian Tanah Lapang Boulevard (E = 0,49). Nilai indeks kesamaan jenis kupu-kupu antar lokasi penelitian tertinggi pada Hutan Kota 4 dan Hutan Kota 7 (IS = 0,71), sedangkan yang terendah pada Hutan Kota titik 6 dan Tanah Lapang Boulevard (IS = 0,15). Kata Kunci : habitat, komunitas, kupu-kupu, Universitas Indonesia xiv + 93 halaman : 48 gambar, 9 tabel, 3 lampiran Daftar referensi : 64 (1970--2011) vii Universitas Indonesia Komunitas kupu-kupu..., Eka Nurlaila Utami, FMIPA UI, 2012 ABSTRACT Name : Eka Nurlaila Utami Study Program : Biology Title : Butterflies community (Ordo Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java A study of butterflies community was conducted in University of Indonesia Campus, Depok. The purpose of this study was to assess abundance, species diversity, evenness, and community similarities at four type of habitat located in University of Indonesia Campus, Depok. Observation were carried out in a standard transect method at 11 sites of habitats. Number of individuals of each species butterfly found in the transects were recorded. Data were analyzed using Shannon-Wienner diversity index, evenness index, and Sorensen index of similarities. This study observed 856 individuals of butterflies which consist of 47 species. Leptosia nina was found in all transects. Ypthima philomella was the most abundant species (158 individuals). The highest species diversity index was found in the urban forest at location 7 (H '= 2.81), and the lowest was in the open space area at Boulevard (H' = 1.21). The highest evenness index (E) was observed in the urban forest at location 6 (E = 0.92), and the lowest was the open space area at Boulevard (E = 0.49). This study found that the urban forest at location 4 and 7 had the highest similarity index (IS = 0.71), and the lowest was found between the urban forest at location 6 and the open space area at Boulevard (IS = 0.15). Keywords : butterflies, community, habitat, university of Indonesia xiv + 93 pages : 48 pictures, 9 tables, 3 appendixes Bibliography : 64 (1970--2011) viiviii Universitas Indonesia Komunitas kupu-kupu..., Eka Nurlaila Utami, FMIPA UI, 2012 DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL................................................................................................ i HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS.................................................... ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN................................................................................ iii KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iv HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI TUGAS AKHIR UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS .............................................................. vi ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT......................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR ISI.......................................................................................................... ix DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. xi DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................ xiii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN........................................................................................ xiv 1. PENDAHULUAN...............................................................................................1 2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .....................................................................................6 2.1 Struktur Komunitas.......................................................................................6 2.2 Biologi Kupu-kupu .......................................................................................6
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